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List of Illustrations. 



FACING 
PAGE 

Castle Haven — Frontispiece. 

Baptist Mission Church 76 

Bethel African M. E. Church 180 

Cambridge High School 254 

Carroll Tombs 280 

Christ P. E. Church 136 

Coats-of-arms: 

Carroll 275 

Goldsborough-Henry 299 

Hooper 319 

Keene 335 

Lake 342 

Vans Murray 394 

County Jail 58 

Court House 52 

Dorchester House (Colonial) 68 

DoRSEY Wyvill House 284 

East New Market High School 86 

Edmondson House 90 

Grace M. E. Church, South 78 

Hambrook 304 

Hambrook Bay 12 

Hicks Monument 318 

Hooper Houses 88 

Lee Mansion fColonial) 98 



6 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 

"Mary Refuge of Sinners" ii6 

Masonic Hall 62 

Old County Gaol (Colonial) 66 

Old Windmill 102 

Ox Team in Town 246 

Oyster Planting 242 

St. Paul's M. P. Church 72 

Trinity P. E. Church 108 

Warwick Fort Manor House (Colonial) 324 

Williamsburg M. E. Church 92 

WooLFORD Home (Colonial) 160 

ZiON M. E. Church 132 



INTRODUCTORY TO THE HISTORY OF 
DORCHESTER COUNTY. 



As history is but the record of past events, dependent on 
some primary cause, so we find the origin of Dorchester 
County and its early development to be what the founders 
and early settlers of Maryland made it. Therefore, to show 
the relation of the county to the province, under the influ- 
ence of its makers, and to invite a deeper interest in our 
ancestors of colonial times, a brief sketch is here first given 
of the Calvert family, the Lord Proprietaries of Maryland, 
the charter privileges granted Lord Baltimore by the King 
of England, the rules and laws from time to time proc|laimed 
by the Proprietaries, Governors and Council, either with or 
without approval of the Assemblies, and other events that 
shaped the course and progress of the colony that led to the 
formation of Dorchester County. Readers familiar with 
Maryland history may omit this chapter. 



PREFACE 



This fragmentary collection of local history and biography is 
only a glimpse at the interesting events occurring in Dorchester 
County from its origin, two hundred and thirty-three years ago, 
to the present day. In compiling this local record, references to 
State events and people have been frequently made in order to 
explain the cause and efifect of local acts which have had their 
influences in county affairs. Especially has it been the purpose 
to note the names of the promoters of the county as well as to 
mention their deeds. 

In this fast age of book and newspaper literature when every 
inmate of the American home must daily read the current his- 
tory of the world as it transpires, there is no reasonable excuse 
why a history of Dorchester County should not be published. 

It has been the desire of the author to give a truthful narration 
of the events treated, and while the diction may not be all that 
could be desired, it is set forth as an earnest effort, to which the 
reader is asked to bestow that indulgence which the work merits. 
If due credit has not been given, either by reference or quotation, 
for any language used in this book, it is an act of unintentional 
omission. 

It is a pleasure to insert a list of references and names of per- 
sons to whom the author is indebted for aid and information in 



lO PREFACE 

compiling this work, and much gratitude is due to Hbrarians and 

court officers for the hberty of access to the books and records 

in their keeping. 

Owing to the loss or destruction of some of the provincial 

records of Maryland and the County Court records of Dorchester 

County, a complete list of the Council and Assembly Delegates, 

Court Justices and Sheriffs of that period could not be obtained 

for publication. 

Elias Jones. 

Baltimore, December, 1902. 



SOURCES AND REFERENCES FROM WHICH THE 

HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

HAS BEEN COMPILED. 



CONTRIBUTORS. 

Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson. 

Miss Pink Jacobs. 

Mrs. Dr. G. L. Hicks and family. 

Levin Straughn. 

Hon. Jas. S. Shepherd. 

Mr. Richard P. Lake. 

Mr. James Wallace. 

Hon. Robert G. Henry, M. Worthington Goldsboroiigh, 
Col. Wm. S. Muse, Charles Lake, Hon. W. F. Applegarth, 
Hon. Phil. L. Goldsborough, Wm. C. Anderson, John W. 
Fletcher, John G. Mills, Jas. H. C. Barrett, Alfred R. Steiiart, 
Francis P. Corkran, Jasper Nicols, Enoch Lowe, Esq., Dr. 
H. F. Nicols, John E. Harrington, Jas. W. Craig, Dr. James 
L. Bryan, Dr. Thomas H. Williams, Dr. B. W. Golds- 
borough, Hon. Clement Sulivane, William F. Drain, Rev. 
Dr. W. L. McDowell, John T. Moore, Jeremiah P. Hooper, 
Charles M. Davis, Milton G. Harper, James Todd, Mrs. 
Fannie Mister, Miss May Stevens, Wm. M. Marine. 

George W. McCreary, Librarian Maryland Historical 
Society. 

From Public Records. — Maryland Historical Society, 
Maryland State Library, Maryland Land Record Office, 
Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore; Peabody Library, 



12 SOURCES AND REFERENCES 

Baltimore; Dorchester County Circuit Court Records, Dor- 
chester County Orphans' Court Records, Dorchester County 
Register of Wills' Records, Dorchester County Commission- 
ers' Records, United States Treasury Department. 

Newspapers. — Maryland Gazette, Annapolis; Baltimore 
American and Commercial Advertiser, Federal Republican, Bal- 
timore; Repnhlican and Star, Easton; Democrat and Nezvs, 
Cambridge; Dorchester Era, Cambridge; Dorchester Standard, 
Cambridge; Cambridge Chronicle, Cambridge; The Daily 
Banner, Cambridge. 

Books Consulted for Information. — Bozman's His- 
tory of Maryland, Scharf's History of Maryland, Browne's 
History of Maryland, Hanson's History of Kent, Archives of 
Maryland, published and unpublished; Senate and House 
Journals of Maryland, Kilty's Landholders' Assistant, Makers 
of Methodism, Freeborn Garrettson's Journals, Francis As- 
bury's Journal, Boehm's Reminiscences, First Eastern Shore 
of Maryland Regiment History, by Wilmer; Indian Tribes of 
the United States, by Drake; Chronicles of Colonial Mary- 
land, by James W. Thomas. 



DIVISION I. 

Introductory to the History of Dorchester County. 

CHAPTER I. 

THE CALVERT FAMILY — THE LORDS PROPRIETARIES — MOTIVES FOR FOUND- 
ING A COLONY BY GEORGE CALVERT, THE FIRST LORD BALTIMORE — HIS 
NEWFOUNDLAND COLONY A FAILURE — HIS EFFORTS IN AMERICA — THE 
LOSS OF HIS FAMILY AT SEA — THE PREPARATION OF THE MARYLAND 
CHARTER — CHARTER RIGHTS OF THE PROPRIETARY. 

"George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, \vg^ the son cf 
Leonard Calvert and his wife, Alice C roxal l, a cultivated 
Flemish yeomanry people, and was born at Kipling, in 
Yorkshire, northern part of England. When only eleven 
years of age he entered Trinity College, Oxford, in 1593, and 
ir four years became Bachelor of Arts. Soon after leaving 
college he married Anne, daughter of George Mynne, and 
became the clerk of Sir Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury. 
While in that capacity he attracted the notice of King James, 
who visited the University of Oxford in 1605, when young 
Calvert was given the degree of Master of Arts." By royal 
influence he was made Clerk of the Privy Council in 161 1, 
and in 161 7 was sworn in as one of the Secretaries of State, 
and then knighted. For his valuable services to the govern- 
ment he was long- a favorite of King James, though annoyed 
by the Duke of Buckingham and other jealous rivals at 
Court. In 161 3 he was a member of Parliament from Corn- 
wall; in 1 62 1 for York, and in 1624 for Oxford. 

August 3, 1622, his wife died in childbirth. Ten children 
survived her. Their children were : 

Cecilius, the eldest, successor to the title. 

Leonard, Keeper of the Rolls of Connaught from 1621 to 
1626; captain of a privateer oft the coast of Newfoundland 



14 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

in 1629; Governor of Maryland from 1634 to the year of his 
death at St. Mary's, June 9, 1647; was never married. 

George came to^ Maryland with Leonard; settled in Vir- 
ginia, and died in 1667. 

Francis, died in youth. 

Henry, there is no published record. 

Anne, married William Peasley and lived in London. 

Dorothy, no record. 

Elizabeth, no record. 

Grace, married Sir Robert Talbott, Kildare, Ireland. 

Helen, no record. 

John, died in youth. 

Philip Calvert, by his second wife (?), was Governor of 
Maryland. 

About this time Lord Baltimore became interested in col- 
onization, and was made a member of the Virginia Company 
and the New England Company, and was granted the terri- 
try of Newfoundland on March 30, 1623, which was incor- 
porated into a province called Avalon. Before the patent 
was granted he had organized a little colony there in 1620. 
In 1624 he was made Baron of Baltimore by King James, 
and granted in fee 2034 acres of arable land and 1605 acres 
of bog and woodland in Longford County, Ireland. Very 
soon after the receipt of these great honors. Lord Baltimore 
failed in health and lost favor with the King, who was also 
very ill at that time. He proposed to resign, and, in six 
weeks before King James died, sold the Secretaryship tO' Sir 
Albert Morton for six thousand pounds sterling. After the 
death of King James, Lord Baltimore was received with favor 
by the new King Charles I., who assisted him with govern- 
ment vessels to take a colony to Newfoundland. One of the 
vessels was the "Ark of Avalon," which later, with the 
"Dove," brought the first colonists to Maryland. 

The earliest accounts of man's origin and his habits of 
abode on the earth show him to have been then, as now, a 
creature naturally inclined tO' extend his jurisdiqtion over 
wide domains of land. Hence, Lord Baltimore's ambition 



THE CALVERT FAMILY I5 

was to rule over a kingdom, be it Newfoundland or Mary- 
land. Others say the primary purpose of Lord Baltimore 
was to found a colony in America within a province which 
had been promised to him by Charles I. under special char- 
tered rights, that he might offer his "Catholic friends a home 
where they could enjoy the privileges of religious liberty of 
conscience free and undisturbed from' royal decrees and per- 
secuting laws." 

"Though Lord Baltimore was a highly honored man by 
the King of England, and an influential leader in public 
afifairs and among men, yet he was the victim of serious mis- 
fortunes. First, was his costly effort in planting a colony in 
Newfoundland." This colony was abandoned by Lord Bal- 
timore because of the severity of the climate. It had cost 
him thirty thousand pounds. In 1629, after having lived one 
winter in Newfoundland, where he and his family were much 
of the time sick, he abandoned his home to fishermen, sent a 
part of his family to England, and sailed with his wife, some 
children and servants to the colony of Virginia, tO' look in 
that part of America for a better place tO' locate a new colony. 

While in Virginia he was unkindly treated and urged to 
take the oaths of "allegiance and supremacy," which he re- 
fused, and was obliged to leave the colony. For some un- 
known cause he left his family and personal property there. 
After his arrival in England, he petitioned the King to have 
his family brought home, which was first refused, but in 163 1 
his wife, several children and servants, with much valuable 
personal property, were permitted to embark on a vessel, the 
"St. Cloude," for England. This vessel and all on board were 
lost at sea on the homeward voyage. After the loss of his 
second wife and children by this disaster, in a letter of con- 
dolence written to the Earl of Stafford, he refers to his own 
misfortunes thus: "There are few, perhaps, can judge of it 
better than I, who' have been a long time myself a man of 
sorrows. But all things, my Lord, in this world pass away; 
statiim est, wife, children, honor, wealth, friends, and what 
else is dear tOi flesh and blood. They are but lent to us till 



1 6 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

God pleases to call for them back again, that we may not 
esteem anything, our own, or set our hearts upon anything 
but Him alone, who only remains forever." 

After Lord Baltimore had obtained consent from King 
Charles I. to settle a colony in America, adjacent to Virginia, 
he prepared the patent with his own hands in the Latin lan- 
guag'e; but before it received the royal signature he died — 
April 15, 1632, in the fifty-third year of his age, at Lincoln's 
Inn Fields, in London, and was buried in Saint Dunstan's 
Church, Fleet Street, London. 

In the charter Lord Baltimore had named the territory 
to be granted "Crescentia," but Vvdien it was passed to his 
son, Cecilius Calvert, the title name of the province was 
changed, by order of King Charles, to "Maryland." in honor 
of his wife, Queen Llenrietta Maria, daughter of King Henr)^ 
IV. of France. 

The plans laid out by Lord Baltimore for planting a colony 
at his expense, where he expected to supremely govern, and 
where his friends and others hoped to enjoy civil and religious 
liberty, were successfully started in operation by his eldest 
son, Cecilius (baptized Cecil) Calvert, but he and his suc- 
cessors of the Lords Baltimore met many disturbing political 
factors while trying to govern their province. Cecilius 
Calvert inherited his father's estates, baronial honors and 
titles, and thus became the seg'ond Lord Baron of Baltimore 
in the Kingdom of Ireland. 

The provincial charter, intended for his father, promptly 
passed the Great Seal, and was given the son, June 20, 1632, 
two months and five days after the death of Lord Baltimore 
the first. 

Cecilius Calvert inherited but little fortune from his father, 
George — Lord Baltimore — except titles of honor and un- 
profitable land estates. What revenues he could raise were 
spent towards the support of his infant colony in Maryland, 
which required aid for development before it brought rev- 
enues in return. He married the daugher of Earl Arimdel, 
and resided with his father-in-law, who' was rich in "ancestral 



CHARTER RIGHTS OF PROPRIETARY 1 7 

associations," but poor in living resources. When eighty 
years old, in 1638, he wrote to the King of England: ''Mon- 
eys I have none; no, not to pay the interest of the debts. 
My plate is plaaed at pawn. My son Baltimore is brought 
so low with his setting forward the plantation of Mary- 
land, and with the claims and oppositions which he has met 
with, that I do not see how he could subsist if I did not give 
him diet for himself, wife and children." 

CHARTER RIGHTS OF PROPRIETARY. 

{ScharPs History.) 

In condensed form the Charter of Maryland invested the 
Proprietary with the following rights : 

Territorial. — All the land and water within the boun- 
daries of the province, and islands within ten marine leagues 
of the shore, with mines and fisheries, in perpetual possession 
to himself and his heirs. 

Legislative. — The right to make all laws public or 
private, with the assent of the freemen of the province; and 
ordinances (not impairing life, limb or property), without 
their assent. 

Judicial. — To establish courts of justice of various kinds, 
and appoint all judges, magistrates and civil officers; also 
to execute the laws even to the extent of taking life. 

Regal. — To confer titles and dignities; to erect towns, 
boroughs and cities; and to make ports of entry and depar- 
ture; also to pardon all ofifences. 

Ecclesiastical. — To erect and found churches and 
chapels, and cause them to be consecrated according to the 
ecclesiastical laws of England; and to have the patronage and 
advowsons thereof. 

Military. — To call out and arm the whole fighting 
population, wage war, take prisoners, and slay alien enemies; 
also to exercise martial law in case of insurrection. 

Financial. — To alienate, sell or rent land; to levy duties 
and toils on ships and merchandise. 



l8 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

The People's Rights. — The charter gave all settlers in 
the colony of England the privilege to remain English sub- 
jects. To inherit, purchase or own land or other property; 
free trade with England; to help make the laws for the prov- 
ince, and not be taxed by the crown. "The proprietary had 
almost kingly control, and the people very restricted privi- 
leges, yet under the Calverts' rule civil and religious liberty 
was secured and enjoyed by the people for fifty years 

Of George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, Bancroft 
says : "He deser^^es to be ranked among the most wise and 
benevolent lawgivers of all ages. He was the first in the his- 
tory of the Christian world to seek for religious security and 
peace by the practice of justice, and not by the exercise of 
power." The opinion of Bradley T. Johnson, author of 
"The Foundation of Maryland," showing Lord Baltimore's 
purpose of planting the colony of Maryland, much deserves 
recognition, and is here partly quoted : "Instead then of the 
foundations of Maryland having been laid on a policy of col- 
onization and material development, or as the consequences 
of religious movement in England, or as the result of the 
teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church, the 
light now shed upon the contemporaneous actors, their 
motives and their acts, enables us to see that Lord Baltimore 
from the very initiation of his enterprise deliberately, ma- 
turely and wisely, upon consultation and advice, determined 
to devote his life and fortune to the work of founding a free 
English State, with its institutions deeply planted upon the 
ancient customs, rights and safeguards of free Englishmen, 
and which should be a sanctuary for all Christian people for- 
ever." "This purpose wisely conceived, maturely con- 
sidered, and bravely persisted in, through all obstacles, ex- 
plains everything that has heretofore appeared ambiguous in 
the career of Lord Baltimore." 

The motives that influenced George Calvert to found a 
colony were liberally enlarged or modified by his son and 
successors to meet the political policies made by national 
changes in the government of England. 



CHAPTER 11. 

PREPARATION FOR STARTING FIRST COLONISTS — LEONARD CALVERT PUT IN 
CHARGE OF THE EXPEDITION, AND APPOINTED FIRST GOVERNOR — 
DEPARTURE FROM ENGLAND — ARRIVAL IN AMERICA — FOUND A BEAUTI- 
FUL LAND, BUT FACED MANY PRIVATIONS. 

The beginning of the work towards colonizing Mary- 
land by Cecil Calvert, under his palatine powers and distin- 
guished title, "Cecilius, Absolute Lord and Proprietary of 
the Province of Maryland and Avalon, Lord Baron of Balti- 
more," as was designed by his honored father, was started 
in 1633. Numerous friends were invited to emigrate with 
him; commissions were issued, and a constitution and laws 
were framed for the government of the colony. At this 
time, after having made great preparations to go out with his 
colony, his private affairs and relations to public State mat- 
ters, made it impracticable for him to leave England. He 
commissioned his brother, Leonard Calvert, "Lieutenant- 
General, Chief Governor, Chancellor, Commander, Captain, 
Magistrate and Keeper of the Great Seal," to accompany the 
colonists and govern them in the province. Their departure 
from England, under severe restrictions, stormy voyage 
across the ocean, arrival in the Chesapeake, and settlement 
at St. Mary's, with small resources and little means for self- 
defence, were the beginning of trials to prepare the way for 
courageous endurance under long-continued privations. 
Too far away from happy homes and generous friends in 
England were they to find relief in sickness, sympathy in 
sorrow, or consolation in bereavement. 

To those first settlers, and other heroic adventurers who 
followed, tO' establish new homes for the enjoyment of per- 
sonal freedom and liberty of conscience in a lovely land, 
clothed in a forest of virgin wildwood, shore-washed by the 
bold waters of the Chesapeake Bay, and embraced by beatiti- 



20 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

ful rivers that curve and twine inland toward delightful loca- 
tions for towns and rural homes, we, the generations of to- 
day, in "Maryland, My Maryland," chiefly owe our happy 
destiny. 

Much of interest took place in the little colony founded 
at St. Mary's in the course of the events by which it grew in 
population and expanded in bounds that required subdivi- 
sion into counties and county organizations between 1634 
and 1669 (to show the plan of government and steps for ad- 
vancement), to that period when Dorchester County was 
erected. In recent years the Maryland Historical Society, 
through many of its distinguished members, by their thor- 
ough investigation and examination of old colonial records 
and papers — the Maryland Archives and ofificial documents 
in the Colonial Record Office in London, and from the Cal- 
vert papers, purchased in England — has collec/ted and pub- 
lished an invaluable fund of Maryland provincial history, 
hitherto undiscovered, and new to the present generation of 
Marylanders. 



CHAPTER III. 

FIRST COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES — CODE OF LAWS — THE PROPRIETARY'S PRE- 
ROGATIVES — SEPARATION OF THE ASSEMBLY INTO TWO LEGISLATIVE 
BODIES — POWERS OF THE COUNCIL — FIRST DISTURBING FACTOR, CLAI- 
BORNE OF KENT, RICHARD INGLE, THE NEXT TO INTERFERE — HIS ALLI- 
ANCE WITH CLAIBORNE— SEIZURE OF ST. MARY's — FLIGHT OF GOVERNOR 
CALVERT TO VIRGINIA — HIS RETURN AND RE-CAPTURE OF ST. MARY's 
— DEATH OF GOVERNOR CALVERT IN 1647— APPOINTMENT OF WILLIAM 
STONE, GOVERNOR, ETC. 

On the 26th of February, 1635, the first legislative body 
of the colony met in a log fort at St. Mary's. This fort was 
their State House. Of the proceedings of this Assembly 
there is no record, and only known of by subsequent refer- 
ence to Acts then passed and vetoed by Lord Baltimore on 
April 15, 1637, when he granted power to Governor Calvert 
to call an assembly of freemen. In that year Lord Balti- 
more prepared a code of laws for the government of the col- 
ony, to secure the liberties of the people, and to provide for 
General Assemblies of all freemen, who might pass necessary 
laws tO' protect themselves in civil and political rights. This 
code of laws was brought over from England by John Lew- 
ger. After his arrival in the province, Governor Calvert 
summoned all the freemen to meet in general assembly at 
St. Mary's, November 28, 1637. There were but ninety 
of them out of about twO' hundred and twenty colonists. 
(This shows that a majority of the colonists were servants, 
chiefly held to pay for the cost of their transportation into 
the province.) Three Jesuit priests, Fathers Andrew White, 
John Altham and Thomas Copley, were summoned, and 
Robert Clark appeared for them and excused their absence 
by reason of sickness. (Since that time no priest or clergy- 
man has ever sat as a member in any Maryland Assembly. 
The Constitution of the State, since then adopted, has al- 
ways made all ministers and preachers of the gospel ineligible 



22 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

as representatives in the General Assembly, an exclusion that 
does not exist in any other State.) 

In the first Assemblies the Delegates specially summoned 
by the GoA^ernor, Burgesses elected by the freemen, and 
freemen who had not consented to an election, sat in the same 
room with the Governor and his Council; but by a request 
of the Burgesses, in 1649, they and the Council sat in sepa- 
rate apartments, and in 1650 two houses were formally 
organized. 

The Proprietary generally chose the members of the Upper 
House for his Council in the province, but with executive 
prerogatives, the Governor sometimes selected men of known 
ability and good reputation to form a part of the Council. 
The Governor and Council formed the Upper House of As- 
sembly. The Governor appointed the civil and military 
officers for the province, with consent of the Proprietary. 
County courts were established by the appointment of Com- 
missioners for the counties; and, usually, one of the Gov- 
ernor's Council w'as named to preside at court sittings. 

The Governor could call or prorogue Provincjial Assem- 
blies at pleasure. For the passage of laws made by the Lower 
House it required the concurrence of the Upper House and 
approval by the Lord Proprietary. The Council or Upper 
House had limited legislative powers of its own. The char- 
ter gave the Proprietary's representatives the right to pass 
ordinances that would not affect the life, liberty or property 
of the freemen without the assent of the Assembly. They 
had power to lay out counties and hundreds, establish 
public offices and to confer civil liberty on aliens. They also 
formed the Provincial Court or Court of Appeals, exqept 
when the Proprietary Government was deprived of control 
b}^ hostile invasion or revolution. 

The code of laws prepared by Lord Baltimore for the 
government of the colony, and brought over by John 
Lewger, was at first rejected by the Assembly of freemen, 
who had been summoned by Governor Calvert in 1638, N. 
S., by order of the Proprietary, but were finally adopted in 



WILLIAM CLAIBORNE 23 

reconstructed form. The first act of this people's Legisla- 
ture was an Act for establishing the "House of Assembly," 
and the laws to be made therein. It provided that the Bur- 
gesses be elected by the freemen who consent to the election, 
and the gentlemen summoned by his Lordship's special writ 
shall be called the House of Assembly. This Act was de- 
signed to be first the work of the freemen or their representa- 
tives, and afterwards tO' be confirmed by his Lordship. It 
was passed the first day the Assembly met, in 1639, February 
25. From this Act we inherited our House of Assembly 
whose laws our Governors confirm^ or veto. 

The first disturbing factor of note in the colony was Wil- 
liam Claiborne, who had obtained license in 1631 from King 
Charles to establish a trading post on Kent Island, which 
was within the limits of Lord Baltimore's grant, and claimed 
by him. He offered Claiborne and his company of traders 
the privilege to^ remain on the island and become subjects of 
the Maryland colony. This they refused, and at once con- 
spired with some Indian tribes to destroy the new colony, 
but were unsuccessful. Then they began military and naval 
operations against the Proprietary's government in the prov- 
ince. Prior to an attack made by Claiborne's adherents on 
the colonists in 1635, he fled to- Virginia, and from there went 
to England to have his claims tO' the island confirmed by the 
King, which was declined, and also refused by the Commis- 
sioners of Plantations, to whom the matter had been referred 
by the King for their consideration. Their decision against 
his claim was made April 4, 1638, because he had not been 
granted plantation privileges; and also because Lord Balti- 
more had been granted the territory of "Crescentia" by the 
King of England, under his private seal, before Claiborne's 
license for Kent had been issued. It is thus shown that 
Claiborne was not unjustly deprived of his territory, but losf 
his personal property by confiscation under the usages of war 
for military resistance. From 1639 the colony prospered 
until 1643, when the Lord Proprietary made some changes 
in administrative ofificers of the Council, and conferred more 



24 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

authority on Governor Calvert, who in that year went to 
England to confer with his brother on matters of interest to 
the provincial government. He appointed Giles Brent, 
Commander of the Isle of Kent, to be acting Governor in his 
absence. While Governor Calvert was in England, one 
Captain Richard Ingle, with an armed crew on his vessel, 
traded about the province, intimidated and disturbed the 
inhabitants at several places. By order of Governor Brent, 
Ingle was arrested and his vessel seized, but he was soon per- 
mitted to^ escape — possibly intentionally to avoid Protestant 
exaitement in the colony at that time. Fiction pictures 
Ingle's arrest by order of Governor Brent, who with Council- 
lors Neale and Cornwaleys, secretly watched Sheriff Ellyson 
seize and bind him. Immediately after his arrest, a brief coun- 
cil of the trio decided to accompany their too much prisoner 
to his vessel at once, which they did; placed him on board 
and bade him depart from the province before the morning's 
dawn. 

"In 1644 Governor Calvert returned from England in 
haste, in September, after the defeat of the Royalists in the 
civil war, only to find great disorder in the province. To 
add tOi this discontent. Lord Baltimore had commissioned 
for the colony a Catholic Governor and Council." 

In 1645 Captain Ingle, who had been granted letters of 
marque by Commissioners of Parliament, tO' prey on the 
commerce of England, returned in an armed vessel, aided by 
some disloyal colonists, surprised the guards at St. Mary's, 
seized and carried away the records and Great Seal of the 
province, and also a number of Catholic colonists, prisoners 
to Virginia and England, including Father White. Gov- 
ernor Calvert fled to Virginia for protection from Claiborne, 
who' took possession of the province at an opportune time 
made by the help of Ingle. But in 1646 Governor Calvert 
returned with an armed force of friends to Maryland, sur- 
prised the rebels, took St. Mary's, and reestablished his gov- 
ernment. Hardly had he allayed the disorder caused by Clai- 
borne's and Ingle's invasion, when on the ninth of June, 1647, 



ACT OF RELIGIOUS TOLERATION 25 

he suddenly died. On his deathbed he nominated Thomas 
Greene to act as Governor after his decease. Greene's ad- 
ministration was short and unsatisfactory. 

In 1648, August 12, Lord Baltimore removed Governor 
Greene and his Council from office, and appointed William 
Stone Governor — Protestant, from Northampton County, 
Virginia. When he arrived he brought six settlers, and had 
promised Lord Baltimore to^ bring into the colony five hun- 
dred. Probably the Puritans he had invited from Virginia, 
who settled at Providence, were of the five hundred. If 
then his friends, they later proved to be his dreadful foes. 

Lord Baltimore, at this time a paroled prisoner in England, 
watching the downfall of the King and the rise of Parliament, 
knew he could not sustain a Catholic government in the 
province, wisely chose a Protestant majority for the Gov- 
ernor's Council — namely, John Price, Thomas Hatton and 
Robert Vaughn, Protestants, and Thomas Greene and John 
Pile Stone, Catholics. He also prepared a new Great Seal 
for the province in the place of the one stolen by Ingle and 
never returned; and a code of sixteen new laws, one of which 
was the Act of Religious Toleration, one of the best laws ever 
enacted in Maryland. The passage of those laws in 1649 
and assented to by the Lord Proprietary in 1650 was made 
the basis of an agreement of reconciliation and peace between-j 
the Protestant and Catholic colonists, but for a brief time 
only. The civil war in England, the capture and execution 
of King Charles I. soon caused exciting disturbances between 
the Proprietary government and the Puritan-Protestant 
alliance in the colony that in sympathy supported Parliament. 



CHAPTER IV. 

REDUCTION OF CHESAPEAKE BAY COLONIES TO OBEDIENCE UNDER THE "COM- 
MONWEALTH" — EFFORTS OF LORD BALTIMORE TO RE-ESTABLISH THE 
PROPRIETARY GOVERNMENT — GOVERNOR STONE's MILITARY EFFORTS FOR 
THE PROPRIETARY — HIS ATTACK ON THE PURITAN CAPITAL, DEFEAT AND 
CAPTURE — CROMWELL COMMISSIONERS IN CONTROL UNTIL 1658— 
DISCOURAGED BY LORD BALTIMORE'S INFLUENCE WITH THE PROTECTOR, 
SURRENDERED CONTROL IN THE PROVINCE — JOSIAH FENDALL APPOINTED 
GOVERNOR— USURPS AUTHORITY AND IS DISMISSED— CAPITALS OF MARY- 
LAND. 

In 165 1 an armed fleet sailed from London by authority 
of Parliament to reduce the Chesapeake Bay colonies to 
obedience under the "Commonwealth." Of the Commission- 
ers appointed tO' do this work, Capt. William Claiborne 
and Richard Bennett, first visited Virginia, and made terms 
with Governor Berkeley. They arrived in Maryland in 
March, 1652, and proposed terms to Governor Stone, who 
did not consent to their demands. They by proclamation 
assumed control and appointed a Board of Commissioners, 
viz: Robert Brooks, Col. Francis Yardley, Job Chandler, 
Richard Preston and Lieutenant Richard Banks, for the gov- 
ernment of the province, under the authority of Parliament. 
Thus was Lord Baltimore deprived of all his rights in the 
province, whiqh he had maintained graciously with his wealth 
and exalted executive ability. Claiborne and Bennett then 
returned to Virginia, but in June came back to Maryland and 
appointed Captain Stone (late Governor Stone) Governor, 
and a new Council for the province. The Lord Proprietary 
did not long submit to this wrong; as soon as Cromwell dis- 
solved Parliament, in 1653, and became Lord Protector of 
England, he reestablished the Proprietary government in 
1654 through Governor Stone, who attempted to defend the 
Proprietary's rights, but through persuasion by the Catholics 



THE CROMWELL COMMISSIONERS 27 

not to resort to arms, surrendered his authority again to the 
Commissioners, who took possession of the province in the 
name of Cromwell, July 22, 1654. Under the ten Commis- 
sioners then appointed, of whom Edward Lloyd and Richard 
Preston were members, an Assembly met and passed an Act 
disfranchising Catholics, and refusing them protection under 
the laws of England, to whidh they claimed to be subject. 
This Act indelibly stained the shrine of Maryland liberty. It 
was largely the work of the Puritans, who had lately settled 
at Providence on the Severn, and to whom Claiborne had 
qlO'Sely allied himself for greater political influence and 
power. Lord Baltimore's reproof to Governor Stone for his 
tame surrender of provincial authority to the Crom^yell 
Commissioners, fired anew his ambition tO' regain colonial 
control; and he organized an armed party who went and 
seized the arms and ammunition and provincial records 
stored at Richard Preston's house, on the Patuxent, then the 
seat of colonial government. 

At onoe he raised a military and naval force, sailed to 
Providence, the Puritans' capital, and on March 25, 1655, 
attacked their forces of defence, by whom his little army was 
defeated and captured. Stone and his leaders were con- 
demned by court martial to be shot; four of them were exe- 
cuted, and Stone's life only saved by the sympathy of the 
soldiers who had previously served under him. Edward 
Lloyd, whom Governor Stone had commissioned Com- 
mander of Anne Arundel County in 1650, was a member of 
the military court that condemned Governor Stone and 
others of this expedition to be executed. 

From this time the Cromwell Commissioners ruled in the 
province until 1658 with great severity, imprisoning or ban- 
ishing the Proprietary adherents, confiscating their property 
and otherwise subjecting many to base indignities. At this 
time Cromwell was too busy with affairs in tyrannized Eng- 
land to give much attention to the American colonists; but 
did order Claiborne and Bennett, his Commissioners, to desist 
from persecuting the colonists. 



28 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

Lord Baltimore ardently tried to keep the Proprietary gov- 
ernment organized. He revoked Governor Stone's commis- 
sion in 1656 and appointed Josiah Fendall Governor, who 
was arrested by a warrant from the provincial court and held 
a prisoner in the name of the Protector for some time and 
then released, when he sailed for England. About this time 
Richard Bennett, one of the Cromwell Commissioners, had 
gone to England to ask for greater recognition in governing 
the province, which he failed to get, but discuDvered that Lord 
Baltimore's influence with the Protector was so great that 
he decided with others there to secure the best terms possible 
by agreement with the Proprietary, to surrender to him their 
part of the dual government in the province. Terms were 
adjusted and an agreement made between the Proprietary 
and the Provincial Commissioners, which was brought to 
Maryland by Josiah Fendall, the Proprietary's newly ap- 
pointed Governor, who published a proclamation in 1658 at 
St. Mary's, calling for a joint council of the two governments 
to meet at St. Leonard's, on the Patuxent, March 23, 1658, 
to arbitrate local difTerenoes and ratify the agreement which 
was satisfactorily adjusted. Then thfe provincial records 
were delivered to- Philip Calvert, Secretary of the Proprie- 
tary's new Council, Fendall was installed Governor and a new 
Assembly summoned tO' meet at St. Leonard's on April 27 
following. Thus was the Puritan control in the province 
surrendered and the Proprietary fuhy reestablished. 

Governor Fendall soon proved a traitor tO' the Lord Pro- 
prietary. In March, 1659, he tried to usurp the government 
by an alliance with the Assembly which retired the Council 
from sitting as a separate body, and delegated power to the 
Lower House to dissolve the Assembly. After reorganizing 
the Lower House, Fendall surrendered the commission given 
him by Lord Baltimore and accepted a new one given by his 
new Assembly. His control was brief. When the Cromwell 
government gave way to the Stuarts and Charles H. was pro- 
claimed King in 1660, then Lord Baltimore appointed his 
brother, Philip Calvert. Governor, who took full control of 



CAPITALS OF MARYLAND 29 

the province. Thus has it been shown that the Proprietary- 
had been deprived of governing his province ahnost con- 
tinuously for nearly ten years. 

CAPITALS OF MARYLAND. 

The capital of Maryland, first established at St. Mary's in 
1634, was continued permanently there until temporarily 
moved to Patuxent in 1654, when Commissioners Bennett 
and Claiborne subjected the colony to their control for the 
"Commonwealth." In 1659, after the restoration of the 
Proprietary in 1658, St. Mary's was again made the capital 
seat and so continued until 1683. 

As the colony grew in population, complaints were made 
about the inconvenient location of the capital to the Proprie- 
tary, who, to satisfy the people that lived at a distance from 
it, yielded consent for its removal to a place in Anne Arundel 
called the "Ridge." Only one session of the General Assem- 
bly was held there. Inconvenient buildings and other causes 
led to its removal to Battle Creek, on the Patuxent, where 
was held a session of three days, and then adjourned to meet 
again at St. Mary's. The Proprietary gave the people of 
St. Mary's a written promise that the capital "should not 
be removed again during his life." But, alas ! how futile are 
promises that cannot be fulfilled controlled by an unforeseen 
destiny. The failure of Lord Baltimore's proclamation to reach 
the province in due time to announce WilHam and Mary as 
sovereigns, led to a revolution, in 1689, by an organization 
under John Coode, known as "An association in Arms for the 
defence of the Protestant religion, and for asserting the rights 
of King William and Queen Mary to the province of Mary- 
land and all the English Dominion." After a short conflict, 
in August, these seven hundred revolutionists took posses- 
sion of the province. Thus under royal control, an Assembly 
passed an Act in 1694 to remove the capital to Anne Arundel 
Town. After the removal in 1695, the Legislature changed 
the name of the capital tO' Annapolis, which has ever since 
been the State capital, a city of acquired romance and re- 



30 INTRODUCTORY HISTORY 

nown, where social gayety and refinement, wealth and intel- 
lectual culture, lavishly maintained, has rarely been equaled 
and nowhere excelled in any capital of our Union. 

This brief history, now concluded, of the province of Mary- 
land, beginning with the first Lord Baltimore, and extending 
to the time when Annapolis was founded, now leads us to con- 
sider with deeper interest the making, management and 
development of our home county — Dorchester, from its 
origin to the present day, and to place in local history the 
honored names of many useful, influential and heroic people, 
with the story of their noble deeds in colonial, revolutionary 
and later times. 



DIVISION II. 

Early History of Dorchester County. 
CHAPTER I. 

EARLY SETTLEMENTS— FORMATION INTO A COUNTY — APPOINTMENT OF 
COUNTY OFFICERS BY GOVERNOR CALVERT. 

Thirty-five years after the Calvert settlement at St. 
Mary's, the Province of Maryland had suf!iciently developed 
to justify the organization and outlining of another county 
then to be named Dorchester. 

It would interest the present and future generations of 
Dorchester County to know the names of those who made 
the first little settlements, when and where located east of 
the Chesapeake, in that part of the Eastern Shore south of 
the Choptank, and northwest of the Nanticoke. Certainly 
not long after, if not prior to the settlement of Patuxent, in 
1645, it was that some adventurers decided to make new 
homes on the densely wooded isles and adjacent mainlands 
just across the Bay. 

In 1659, ten years before Dorchester County was officially 
established, while Governor Kendall was intriguing with the 
Provincial Assembly, to deprive the Lord Proprietary of his 
jurisdiction in the colony, Anthony LeCompte was having 
his land lying on Home Bay, in Choptank River, surveyed. 
His homestead there contained 800 acres, which he named 
"Antonine." William Chaplin had surveyed 300 acres, and 
named "Chaplin's Home," on Tar Bay; Richard Bently. "Ben- 
tleys," 300 acres, sur. July 7, 1659, on Hungar River; Thomas 
Stone, "Stonwrick Rathorn," 150 acres; Thos. Stillington, 
"Stillington," 100 acres, sur. July i ; others, Stephen Gary, 
Francis Armstrong, John Gary, Peter Sharpe, John Felton, 



32 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

William Stevens, Thomas Powell, John Hudson, and many 
more were granted patents for land, who as owners, came 
and settled thereon between that time and the date of the 
county formation. The rent-rolls record more than a hun- 
dred settlers who had located homes within the limits of the 
territory which was later named Dorchester. By this time 
five hundred inhabitants were Hving in the proposed new 
ciounty; these first settlers located along the shores of the 
Bay and its tributaries for the open view and convenience the 
water afforded tot communicate with their neighbors; and 
for fish and oysters, such desirable food-products; and pos- 
sibly for greater protection from wild animals then numerous 
in the forests, as well as from the suspicious Abacos, and 
treacherous Nanticokes that lived higher up the rivers. lb 
small colonies of a few families, they cleared the land of its 
dense timber growth to make for themselves little farms and 
modeist homes. 

Governor Calvert had, in 1667, sent an armed force of 
militia under Col. Vincent Lowe, against the Nanticoke 
Indians, to demand redress and the surrender of so^me Indians 
who had murdered Captain Obder and his servants. Terms 
were agreed upon without war, and a treaty concluded be- 
tween the Lord Proprietary and Vinnacokasimmon, Emperor 
of the Nanticokes, on May i, 1668. Of this treaty a para- 
graph of its peculiar language is here given : 'Tt is agreed 
upon, that, from this day forward there be an inviolable peace 
and amity between the Right Honorable, the Lord Proprie- 
tary of this province and the Emperor of Nanticoke upoin the 
Articles hereafter in this treaty to be agreed upon, to the 
world's end to endure, and that all former acts of hostilities 
an3 damages whatsoever by either party sustained be buried 
in perpetual oblivion." This treaty relieved the new settlers 
of much anxiety and danger, and allowed them tO' advance 
their lines of possessioii into the interior without great oppo- 
sition from the native owners of this primitive wilderness, 
with its loved haunts and happy hunting-grounds. 



DUTIES OF COMMISSIONERS 33 

In the following year, 1669, Gov. Charles Calvert, with 
consent of the Council, issued writs on the sixteenth day of 
February, ordering elections tO' be held in the several coun- 
ties, for the freemen to elect delegates to an assembly, to meet 
on the thirteenth day of April, at the city of St. Mary's. One 
of the writs issued was directed to Raymond Staplefort, 
Sheriff of Dorchester County, "returnable into our chancery 
on or before April 6." This is the first evidence found in pro- 
vincial records of the formation or erection of Dorchester 
County. There is no Proprietary proclamation or Assembly ^ 
Act of record tO' show what date the county was officially 
designated. At the election held in Dorchester at this time, 
Richard Preston w^as elected a Delegate to the Assembly. 
At no previous Assembly had the county been represented. 
During the session of that Assembly, on the sixth day of May, 
the first Justices or Commissioners for the county were ^ 
appointed. This interesting record here deserves quotation : 

"Cecilius Calvert, Lord Proprietary of the Province of 
Maryland, and Avalon, Lord Baron of Baltimore, etc. 

"To Raymond Stapleford, John Pollard, William Stevens, 
of Little Choptank; Stephen Gary, William Stevens, Henry 
Trippe, Anthony LeCompte, and Henry Hooper, Gents 
Greeting. Know ye that we for the great trust and confi- 
dence that we have in your fidelities, circumspections, pru- 
dences and wisdoms have coiistituted, ordained and appointed 
and do by these presents, constitute, ordain and appoint you 
the said Raymond Stapleford, John Pollard, William Stevens, 
Stephen Gary, Wm. Stevens, Henry Trippe, Anthony Le- 
Compte and Henry Hooper, Gent. Commissioners, jointly 
and severally to- keep the peace in Dorchester County, and 
to keep and cause toi be kept all laws and ordinances made 
for the good and conservation of the peace and for the quiet 
rule and government of the people in all and every the 
articles of the same, and tOi chastise and punish all persons 
offending against the form of the laws and orders of our 
said Province of Maryland, any of them in Dorchester 
County aforesaid, as according to the form of those laws 



34 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

and orders shall be fit to be done. We have also constituted 
and ordained you and eveiy four or more or you, of which you 
the said Raymond Stapleford, John Pollard or William 
Stevens, of Little Choptank (unless some one of our Council 
be present who' are also' to be our Commissioners), toi en- 
quire by the oath of good and lawful men of your county 
aforesaid, of all manners felonies, witchcraft, inchantments, 
soceries, magic arts, trespasses, forestallings, engrossings 
and extortions whatsoever, and all misdeeds and offences of 
which Justices of the Peace in England ought lawfully to 
enquire, by whomsoever or whensoever perpetrated, or which 
hereafter shall happen toi be done or perpetrated in the 
county aforesaid, against the laws and ordinances of our said 
Province of Maryland : — Provided you proceed not in any 
the cases aforesaid to take life or member, but that in every 
such case you send the prisoners with their indictments and 
the whole matter depending before you to the next Provin- 
cial Court to be holden for our said Province of Maryland, 
whensoever or wheresoever to be holden, there to be tried; 
and further, we do hereby authorize you tO' issue writs, proi- 
cesses, arrests and attachments, to Plea of Oyer and ter- 
miner, and after judgement, execution to award in all cases 
civil, whether real or personal, in action that doth not exceed 
three thousand pounds of tobacco, to the laws, orders and 
reasonable customs made and used in * * * Province 
of Maryland, in which causes civil * * * tO' be tryed 
* * * we do constitute, ordain and appoint you, Ray- 
mond Stapleford, John Pollard and William Stevens, of 
Little Choptank, to be the Judges as aforesaid, unless 
some one of our Council be then in Court; and there- 
fore we do' commend yoiu that you diligently intend the keep- 
ing of the peace laws and orders, and all and singular, other 
the premises, and at certain days appointed according to Act 
of Assembly in that case provided, and at such places which 
you or any four or more of you as aforesaid shall in that 
behalf appoint, ye make enquiries upon the premises and 
perform and fulfill the same in form aforesaid, doing therem 



BOUiSTDARY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 35 

that which toi justice appertaineth according to the laws 
orders and reasonable customs of our said Province of Mary- 
land, saving to us the amercments and other things to^ us 
belonging : And therefore we command the Sheriff of Dor- 
chester by virtue of these presents that at the days and places 
aforesaid which you or any such four or more of you as afore- 
said shall make known to him to give his attendance on you, 
and if need require tO' cause to come before you or any such 
four or more of you as aforesaid, such and so many lawful 
men of your county by whom the truth in the premises may 
be the better known and required of. And further, we will 
that the said coiunty extend to the great Choptank River, 
including the south side thereof to be accounted and taken 
tO' be within the said county of Dorchester. (2.) And lastly 
we have appointed Edward Savage, Clerk and Keeper of the 
Records and proceedings in your said County Court, and 
therefore you shall cause to be brought before you at the 
said days and places the writts, precepts, processes and indict- 
ments to your Court and jurisdiction belonging, that the 
same may be inspected and by a due course determined. 

"Given at St. Mary's under our Great seal of our said 
Province of Maryland, this sixth day of May, in the seven 
and thirteenth year of our Dominion over our said Province, 
Anno Domini one thousand six hundred and sixty-nine. 

"Witness. Charles Calvert, Esqr. our Lieutenant-Gen- 
eral. Chief Governor and Chief Justice of our said Province 
of Maryland." 

For one hundred and four years after Dorchester 
County was laid out, in 1669, its bounds on the north and 
west extended up and along the Choptank River to the 
territory of New Sweden, later called Delaware, binding 
therewith on the east toi an intersection with the Nanticoke 
River and embraced all that part of Caroline County, which 
was laid out in 1773, lying east of the Choptank River. By 
the definite bounds of Maryland described in the Proprie- 
tary's Charter, the northern limit was the fortieth degree of 
North Latitude, and the eastern line was to run with the 



36 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Atlantic Ocean, and the Delaware Bay, and River, back to 
the fortieth degree. The limits of Somerset and Dorchester 
Coimties extended eastwardly to Delaware Bay, and included 
that part of Delaware, now called Sussex County, 

Lord Baltimore authorized William Stevens of Somerset 
County to lay out and grant land in that part of Dorchester 
County, lying next to Delaware Bay. However, after the 
Duke of York acquired this Dutch Colony, on the Delaware 
Bay, the protests of Lord Baltimore for his rights were not 
as strong as the appeals of Penn to King James, for the pos- 
session of the new territory of Delaware which the King 
granted to Penn in 1685. To-day, Dorchester County does 
not contain one-half of its original area as legally acquired 
by Lord Baltimore. 



CHAPTER 11. 

REFERENCES TO THE ASSEMBLY OF 1669 AND 167I— OTHER COUNTY AFFAIRS. 

At the Provinciial Assembly, which met April 13, 1669. 
Richard Preston came as a Delegate, having been elected 
tO' represent Dorchester Coimty, as also did Daniel Jenifer, 
who had been chosen a Burgess. They both lived at Patux- 
ent, but were large land-holders in Dorchester. 

At this session a number of laws were passed. In the Act 
for Court days the first Tuesday in September, November, 
January, March and June, were designated for Dorchester. 
Coinmissioners who laiHed to attend Court on the days 
named were fined one hundred pounds of tobacco, which 
was applied to a fund to be used for the erection of 
whipping-posts, stocks and pillories. Once those bar- 
barous implements of punishment stood near the Cambridge 
Court House, where criminal, even white women, had their 
bare backs lashed until the blood ran down, drawn by the 
rawhide's cruel blows. Men had their ears cropped, and hot 
iron-brands were applied that burned their fiesh to publicly 
mark them as criminals, for larceny and other petty crimes; 
and tongue-boring was done for graver offences. 

Other Assembly Acts were to^ levy resources for war, make 
highways and roads ; to encourage the building of water-mills, 
and to revive various laws previously passed that first applied 
to Dorchester. During this session an Indian, named Ana- 
tchcoin, alias Wanamon, a Wiccomis, who had killed Captain 
Obder, and his servants, was brought from Dorchester biy 
order of King Abaco, to St. Mary's, on May 6. The 
guards who brought him were George Hogg, Humphrey 
Jennings, John Stevens and Thomas Flowers, who were paid 
as follows: Hogg, three hundred pounds of tobacco; the 
others, two hundred pounds each. The Council ordered 
with little delay that the Indian be shot toi death before three 
o'clock, the next day, Friday afternoon. 



38 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

An Act for Naturalization of Foreig"ners was also^ passed, 
and William Tick, a Dutchman in Dorchester, was natural- 
ized, April 19. He was a native of Amsterdam, Holland, 
but having- settled on the Little Choptank River, and as a 
partner with Richard Preston, who was a large land owner 
in that section, jointly raised live-stock there. Some route 
of his on or about his premises, which he frequently used, 
perhaps a cattle-path, his English neighbors named "Tick's 
Path." From that name and the traveler of that path, a 
traditional legend has been handed down from generation 
to generation for more than two hundred years, that William 
Tick hung himself there; and the apparition of a "headless 
ghost" on Tick's Path has often been seen in the dark 
shadows of the dense forest along that weird pathway. 

Just where the first Court of Justices met in 1669, or 1670, 
there is no record, but private family-papers show that Court 
Sessions were held at a town site called "Islington," om 
"Nicholas Mayney's Point," on Little Choptank, where ^n 
old brick building more than two hundred years old now 
stands, at the side of Brooks' Creek. 

In 1 67 1 William Stevens, of Little Choptank, was ap- 
pointed Coroner, and William Wroughton, Thomas Pat- 
tison and Thomas Skinner, additional Commissioners, and 
Daniel Clarke and Henry Trippe were elected Delegates to 
the "Assembly;" an Act was passed for establishing standard 
weights and measures, which were to be purchased in Eng- 
land and aftenvards set up for Dorchester, at Daniel Clarke's 
house; Clarke was appointed Keeper. An Act to Establish 
Ferries over Choptank into Dorchester County, and over 
Nanticoke into Somerset County, was also passed. A tax 
levy was made; in Dorchester there were 263 tithables, who 
were taxed 33 pounds of tobaccoi per poll or head. Tobacco 
was then worth two pence per pound; the price is here given 
tO' show what taxpayers then had to pay in money value — 
about one dollar and thirty-twO' cents each. "Ordinary" 
Keepers charged ten pounds of tobacco for a meal, and six- 
teen pounds for a night's lodging. 



CHAPTER III. 

RECORD OF LOCATION OF FIRST COURT HOUSE— THE BUILDING OF COURT 
HOUSES AT CAMBRIDGE — NO OFFICIAL RECORDS OF COURT PROCEEDINGS 
PRIOR TO 1689 NOW TO BE FOUND— ASSEMBLY PROCEEDINGS THAT 
AFFECTED DORCHESTER — AN ACT FOR KEEPING HOLY THE LORD's DAY- 
LEVY FOR PAYING THE PUBLIC CHARGE — LIST OF MILITIA-MEN SENT 
AGAINST THE NANTICOKE INDIANS IN 1669, WITH AMOUNTS PAID IN 
TOBACCO FOR SERVICES — MISCELLANIES. 

While the first Courts of Dorchester were temporarily 
held in private houses for the first twO' years of the county's 
existence, an appropriate building was soon established. 
From ''John's Point," on Brooks' Creek, a tract of land 
acquired by John Hudson, November 24, 1665 — the Court 
was removed to "Harwood's Choice," a plantation lying on 
the most easterly branch of Fishing Creek, a tributary of Lit- 
tle Choptank River. It contained 150 acres, and was pur- 
chased by William Worgin, tenant, of Fishing Creek, from 
Robt. Harwood, of Talbot County, on the sixth day of Octot- 
ber, 1670. This Court record is subscribed by Edward 
Savage, Clerk of Court. Witness, Stephen Gary. 

At a session of the Court, held December 11, 1673, by 

Daniel Clark, "^ 

Robert Winsmore, > of the Quorum, 
William Stevens, J 
and 
Henry Trippe, { r^^^-^^^^ 

Thomas Skinner, j 

William Worgin gave twenty-five acres of "Harwood's 
Choice," "and a new house lately built and finished by 
George Seward foir the keeping of the Court there." He 
also gave timber for buildings and fircAVOod for use of the 
Court; and gave bond to the amount of 12,000 pounds of 



40 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

tobaccoi, to warrant and defend the gift. The terms of the 
gift were that, "Whenever the Court removed from there, 
the said land and property to be returned to the owners." 
This apparently generous gift from Worgin evidently was 
an inducement to have the County Court permanently estab- 
lished near his premises. Court was held there until estab- 
lished at Cambridge in 1687. 

Mr. James S. Shepherd, present Deputy Clerk of the Court, 
published an account of the building of the several Court 
Houses at Cambridge, from which he kindly permitted copy 
extracts to be made, and are herein given. 

The second Court House in Dorchester, being the first one 
built in Cambridge, was constructed by Capt. Anthony 
Dawson, in 1687. He contracted with Major Thomas Tay- 
lor, steward of Dorchester County, in consideration of 26,000 
pounds of tobacco (worth about $1300), to build a house 
of the following dimensions : 40 feet in length and 24 feet 
in breadth; two floors; four large windows below and one 
small closet window, with two large casements to each 
window, etc. Chambers to be sealed; one large pair of stairs 
with rails and balusters; a large porch at ye end of the house, 
etc. This Court House was taken down and sold in 1770, 
when the second one was built, authorized by Act of Assem- 
bly, passed in the year 1770 (see Chap. XHI). Robert Eden, 
Esq., was then Governor. The Act directed 200,000 pounds 
of tobacco to be assessed, to be paid Charles Dickenson, 
William Ennalls, Robert Harrison and John Goldsborough, 
Jr., who were to meet in Cambridge by March 15 and con- 
tract with workmen to build the new house. It was built 
of brick, upon the site where the present Court House now 
stands, but a few feet nearer the street. It was destroyed 
by fire, supposed to have been of incendiary origin, in 185 1. 
The records in the Clerk's Office were saved; all in the 
Register's Office were burned. The present or third Court 
House was completed and occupied in 1853, and cost $18,- 
162.31. It is a substantial and commodious building, and 



COMMISSIONERS FOR DORCHESTER COUNTY 4I 

serves well to-day the same purposes for which it was built 
fifty years ago. 

Of the sessions of the Courts held by the County Justices 
from 1673 to 1687, at the house donated by William Worgin, 
and from 1687 until August 5, 1690, at Cambridge, there 
are no records to be found in the Clerk's Office. 

Remarkably strange and deeply to be regretted is the 
failure of Edward Savage, the first Clerk of the Court in 
Dorchester, and his successors to transmit the records of 
the Court in order, down to Thomas Pattison, who was 
appointed Clerk by the first "Assembly of Revolutionary 
Associators" which met August 23, 1689, after having dis- 
placed the Proprietary from control in the province, and 
proclaimed "William and Mary Sovereigns of England, the 
Province of Maryland and all the English dominions." For 
seventeen years there are no records to show the proceed- 
ings of the Courts of Justice in Dorchester County, although 
they were probably convened four times a year according to 
the law under Proprietary rule. We must content ourselves 
to know onl|y the names of county officers of those who 
represented the county in the Provincial Assemblies and the 
laws passed that affected the colonists in that division of the 
State. 

At an Assembly session in 1674, begun May 19, the 
delegates from Dorchester County were Daniel Clarke and 
Henry Trippe. An Act was passed to build a Court House 
and jail in each of the several counties. June 14 Com- 
missioners for Dorchester were appointed, viz : Daniel 
Clarke (who was then a Delegate), Robert Winsmore, Wil- 
liam Stevens and John Hudson, Gents, of the Quorum; and 
Henry Trippe, Stephen Gary, Barth olomew Ennalls , Henry 
Hooper, William Ford, Thomas Skinner and Charles Hutch- 
ins, Gents. Justices. A second session of the Assembly was 
held in the same year, but nothing special was done for Dor- 
chester. At the next session, begun February 9, 1675, Henry 
Trippe and William Forde, were the Dorchester Delegates. 
A public levy was made at the rate of 165 pounds of tobaaco 



42 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

per poJl or head. In Dorchester, 355 persons (males) were 
taxed. The next session held began May 15, 1676. "Ordi- 
nary" Keepers were appointed at the several County Courts, 
including Dorchester, and were taxed 1200 pounds of to- 
bacco' annually, and license cost 25 shillings sterling. August 
6, 1676, commissions were issued to Henry Trippe and 
Anthony Dawson, to be Captains of foot companies in Dor- 
chester, under Col. Vincent Lowe. August 9 new Com- 
missioners of the Peace were appointed, namely, Robert 
Winsmore, William Stevens, Raymond Stapleford, Henry 
Trippe, and John Brooks, Gentlemen of the Quorum; and 
Stephen Gary Barth, Ennalls, Ch. Hutchins, Henry Brad- 
ley, Jno. Pollard and John Offey, Gentlemen Justices. At 
this session. The Right Honorable Charles, Absolute Lord 
and Proprietary: of the Province of Maryland, first presided 
over the Council. On May 30, 1677, the following was 
put on record in the House. "Upon complaint made to 
this House by Andrew Insloe, of Dorchester County, touch- 
ing an execution intended to be served on him by Richard 
Meekins, of the said county, it is thought fit by this House 
that the said execution be hereby suspended and superseded 
if already issued, and Thomas Taylor, high Sheriff of said 
cotmty is required to take notice hereof accordingly." Then 
as now the Legislature exercised the power to pass Acts of 
financial relief. 

The next Assembly met October 20, 1678, and passed 
some important laws of interest to every citizen then in Dor- 
chester, notably, an "An Act for Keeping Holy the Lord's 
Day," which is here partly copied : 

"Forasmuch as the sanctifying or keeping holy of the 
Lord's day, commonly called Sunday, is and hath been 
esteemed by the present and all primitive Christian Churches 
and people, a principle and chief part of the said worship, 
which day in most places in this province hath been and 
still is profaned and neglected by a wicked and disorderly 
sort of people, by working, drunkenness, swearing, gaming, 
unlawful pastimes and other debaucheries to* the high dis- 



MILITIA-MEN AND REMUNERATION , 43 

honor of Almigthy God, the scandal of Christian religion, 
and the apparent detriment and rnin of many of the inhabit- 
ants of the province, — for remedy whereof for the future, — 
Be it enacted. * * * That from and after twenty days 
next after the end of this session of Assembly, no person or 
persons within this province shall work, or do' any bodily 
labor or occupation upon any Lord's day, commonly called 
Sunday, nor shall command or willfully suffer or permit of his 
or their children, hired servants, servants or slaves toi work or 
labor as aforesaid (the absolute works of necessity and 
mercy always excepted)." Fishing, drunkenness, swearing, 
gaming at cards, dice, billiards, shuffle-boards, nine-pins, 
horse-racing, fowling and hunting, or any other unlawful 
sports or recreations were forbidden, and the penalty was 
to pay or forfeit one hundred pounds of tobacco^; and in 
default, be committed or bonded for the next Court. The 
penalty for selling strong liquor on the Sabbath day, was 
two thousand pounds of tobacco. The Sabbath Day Act of 
1674, was now repealed. 

Jacob Lockerman, who was born in New York, under 
the jurisdiction of the States of Holland, was at this session 
naturalized. Later he was Clerk of Dorchester County 
Court. 

At the same sessioin, on October 28, an Act was passed to 
make an assessment for the payment of the "public charge" 
of the province. In Dorchester, the following named per- 
sons who were then living there wliO' had served in the cam- 
paign, or aided the troops sent against the Nanticoke 
Indians, were paid as follows for their services :^ To Capt. 
Thomas Taylor, 1900 pounds of tobacc3; Lieut. John Ross, 
t6oo lbs.; Cornetist, Maurice Mathews, 1500 lbs.; John 
Brooks, 1750 lbs.; Wm. Haselwood, 800 lbs.; Wm. Wil- 
oughby, 700 lbs.; Wm. Betts, 700 lbs.; John Alford, Robert 
Thornhill, John Thomas, John Nicholas, Wm. Robsom, 
James Mosley, Rich. Callenhaugh, Rich. Tubman, Rowland, 



^See Maryland Archives. 



44 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

]\Iorgan, Philip Aherne, John Pope, John Savage, Thomas 
Bowman, John Fish, Jonathan Waite, John WalHce, James 
Egg, John Richardson, Lewis Griffith, James Dalton, Henry 
Johnson, James Fielding, Robert Evans, Charles Hutchyson, 
John Hudson, John Curtice, and to John Causey, and every 
and each of them, 600 lbs.; Capt. Henry Trippe, 1000 lbs.; 
Lieut. Edward Taylor, 700 lbs.; Ensign Edward Pander, 
600 lbs.; Francis Tarcell, 400 lbs.; Richard Owen, 400 lbs.; 
Wm. Law, 400 lbs.; Thos. Veitch, 400 lbs.; John Plummer, 
300 lbs.; Laurence Woonett, 400 lbs.; Wm. Watson, 
Matthew Hood, John Denaire, Mark Mitchell, Samuel Finch, 
John SnoO'ke, James Nowell, Philip Gunter, Thomas Tay- 
lor, David Fortune, Edward Cheeke, John Lawrence, Wm. 
Marchent, Stephen Pardue, Jos. Casten. Thomas Collens, 
Charles Morgan, Richard Tucker, Andrew Pruett, Alex- 
ander Dowell, William Spuriway, George Sprouce, Corne- 
lius Lurden, Patrick Harwood, Wm. Walker, Alexander 
Fisher, Henry Plummer, William Cheesman, Thomas 
Cloughtane, John Foord, and to John Yate, anil to every 
and each of them, 300 lbs.; Capt. Anthony Dawson, 1300 
lbs.; Lieut. John Mackeele, 700 lbs.; Ensign, John Dawsey, 
600 lbs.; Edward Hyde, 400 lbs.; Wm. Plovey, 400 lbs.; Cor- 
poral Lewis, 400 lbs.; James Haile, 400- lbs.; Thomas Sym- 
monds, 400 lbs.; Edward Newton, John Newton, John 
Waterly, Thomas Phillips, Wm. Evans, George Hargissone, 
Rowland Vaughn, Philip Sutton, Henry Harvey, James 
Duell, John Pollington, Wm. Beard, John Lunn, James 
Perle, Henry Newbell, William Taptico, Wm. Berry, John 
Clark, Robert Robertsone, Stephen Bently, William Mes- 
shier, Thomas Long, William Hares, Richard Thomasine, 
Francis Floyd, Darley Cohoone, Wm. Mills, Joseph Reeves, 
John Stamward, Rich. Dudson, and John People, and to 
each and every one of them, 300 lbs. To Bai-tholpmew 
Ennalls, 6832 lbs.; Henry Bradley, 1832 lbs.; Daniel Jones, 
150 lbs.; John Kirke, 895 lbs.; James Peterkin, 50 lbs.; John 
Pierson, 50 lbs.; Oliver Gray, 464 lbs.; Wm. Robsone, 50 
lbs.; Richard Holland, 400 lbs.; John Hudsome, 1230 lbs.; 



EVENTS IN COLONIAL DAYS 45 

Henry Beckwith, 50 lbs.; Stephen Gary, 85 lbs.; Wm. 
Stephens, 731 lbs.; Wm. Dorrington, 579 lbs.; Daniel Jones, 
407 lbs.; John Richardson, 25 lbs.; John Steward, 370 lbs.; 
John Davis, 70 lbs.; William Daysone, 70 lbs.; Wm. Wil- 
loughby, 300 lbs.; Thomas Flowers, 200 lbs.; Henry Turner, 
200 lbs.; Raymond Staplefort, 300 lbs.; Frances Tarcell, 
200 lbs. 

These claims were paid out of the colonial revenue at the 
Government warehouses, chiefly by exchange of tobacco, 
for imported merchandise in demand and needed by the 
people in every colonial household. 

Space in this work is too limited to give in detail every 
local event of record in colonial days, about the| people and 
their doings in Dorchester. Then, as now, conflicting inter- 
ests in landhoilding, business affairs and politics arose and 
were faced by contending opponents. In 1679 Raymond 
Staplefort, one of the Commissioners of Dorchester, was dis- 
missed by Governor Calvert, on complaint made by some 
of the county citizens. He had been one ol the Justices 
since 1669, when he was transferred from the office of Sheriff. 

At a Colonial Council in 1681, a petition was presented 
by James Peterkin, against Stephen Gary, Sheriff of Dor- 
chester County, ithat Gary and others had combined to 
defraud and deceive him of his just rights and property; that 
they illegally proceeded in the execution of a warrant for 
summoning a jury to lay out the bounds of Capt. Anthony 
Dawson's land in Transquaking River, by empanneling 
Jurors excepted by Peterkin, and that damage and almost 
ruined him. An investigation was ordered to be heard 
before the next Council. 



CHAPTER IV. 

THE PROTESTANT REVOLUTION IN 1689— COUNTY OFFICIALS CHOSEN — 

KING William's approval of the protestant associators' revo- 
lution — continues the provincial officers ad interim — LIONEL 
COPLEY BECOMES GOVERNOR— PROTESTANT CHURCH ESTABLISHED BY 
LAW — DEATH OF COPLEY — GOVERNOR ANDROS ASSUMED CONTROL — COL. 
CHARLES HUTCHINS, A MEMBER OF THE GOVERNOR'S COUNCIL, 1694 — 
LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR NICHOLSON INSTALLED GOVERNOR — DORCHES- 
TER SUBSCRIBED TO THE PUBLIC SCHOOL FUND — REVISION OF THE 
PROTESTANT CHURCH LAW, AND COMMENTS ON ASSEMBLY DELEGATES 
FROM DORCHESTER AND OTHER COUNTIES — STRICT RULES GOVERNING 
THE PEOPLE AND EFFECTS. 

1689. After William and Mary ascended the throne of 
England, and the unfortunate delay of the Proprietary of 
Maryland to procjaim them sovereigns, owing to a long; voy- 
age of the vessel w^hich had on board the messengers who 
were bringing the proclamation to Maryland, a crisis in pub- 
lic sentiment, already in sympathy with the new King and 
Queen, arose in the colony, and in April, 1689, there was 
formed by revolutionary measure., "an aisoiciation in arms 
for the defence of the Protestant religion, and for asserting 
the rights of King William and Queen Mary to the Province 
of Maryland, and all the English Dominions," which was led 
by John Coode, a wicked and desperate man. 

This revolution deprived the Proprietary of the right of 
governing Maryland with officially appointed officers in the 
province; but we find that most of the office-holders who had 
well and faithfully served him, readily accepted appointments 
to office and elective places under royal decree, and even 
under the assumed Assembly of the King's Protestant sub- 
jects, that met August 23, 1689. We discover, in Dorchester 
County, that for regulating the afifairs of the militia, Henry 
Trippe, who had served the Proprietary in many offices, was 
appointed "Major of the Horse" in the place of Thomas Tay- 



LIONEL COPLEY APPOINTED GOVERNOR 47 

lor; Thomas Ennalls, Captain of a foot company in the place 
of Captain Trippe; John Murket, Captain of a foot company 
in the place of Anthony Dawson. Thomas Pattison, late 
Clerk of the Court under the Proprietai-y was reappointed 
Clerk. The Justices were Henry Trippe, Charles Hutchins, 
Henry Hooper, John Woodward and John Brooks — a very 
little change from the Proprietary appointees. It is surprising 
that honorable men like the above-named would accept or 
hold office under the dictation of the notorious and lawless 
John Coode, whose word to the associated Assembly was 
law, and whose demands were conceded without question 
whether right or wrong. Coode was so publicly detested 
that several counties refused to send representatives to the 
Assembly in 1689, notably Anne Arundel and Kent Coun- 
ties. 

In 1690 King William made a formal approval of the rev- 
olutionary acts of the Protestant Association in Maryland, 
and authorized the leaders to continue as officers ad interim. 
April 9, 1692, Lionel Copley arrived in Maryland with a 
royal commission, and was at once recognized as Governor. 
The Assembly met May 14, 1692, an ultra body that passed a 
sacrilegious Act, entitled "For the service of Almighty God, 
and the establishment of the Protestant religion." It was 
a law that protected Protestants only, and made it criminal 
for Catholics to hold divine service according tO' their church 
forms, and gave no lawful protection to- other religious 
denominations. 

Whatever laws or customs that prevailed at large to affect 
the colonists, were proportionately felt by the people of Dor- 
chester. Previous to this Protestant crusade, little had been 
done to establish religious services or for the education of 
children. Vice and immorality flourished. Ignorance and 
rude manners influenced home life in many sections of the 
county and province as well. The Church Act of 1692 with 
other reformatory la.ws, good in one sense, and bad in an- 
other, very slowly improved the habits of the lower classes 
of society. 



48 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

At some time previous, Hugh Eccleston had been ap- 
pointed Clerk of the Dorchester County Court, but had been 
lately removed by Governor Copley, "and now presented a 
petition to be reinstated, alleging for reason that he had well 
and submissively behaved himself to their Majesties' Gov- 
ernment, and was never known or suspected to be any ways 
tainted or ill-efTecited to the same, and for what reasons 
turned out he knew not." 

Charles Hutchins, Edward Pinder, Thomas Ennalls, Henry 
Hooper, Thomas Hicks and WilHam Mishew, Magistrates, 
had endorsed his petition. 

On May 18 the Governor sent for Dr. John Brooks to 
give his opinion of Mr. Eccleston, late Clerk of the Dor- 
chester County Court, who had petitioned for reinstatement. 

He said "that he well knew Eccleston to be every way 
fully qualified for the place, and will give great satisfaction 
to the County as formerly he hath done. * * *" The 
Commissioners of the County "upon examination thereof 
could not find anything substantial or material against the 
said Eccleston, whereupon and for that, it is also informed 
that the present Clerk, Mr. Benjamin Hunt keeps an "Ordin- 
ary." His Excellency restored Eccleston to the clerkship. 

Delegates at this session from Dorset, were Henry Trippe, 
Dr. John Brooks, Thomas Ennalls and Edward Pinder. 

At thel adjourn,ment of this Assembly, June 9, 1692, it 
was prorogued by Governor Copley until October 13, 1693, 
but a few days before the death of Governor Copley, he called 
an extra session to meet September 20, 1693. 

After the Governor's death. Governor Andros, then Gov- 
ernor of Virginia, at once seized the government of Maryland, 
by virtue of a royal commission, having been appointed Com- 
mander-in-Chief of Maryland, in March, 1692, while Capt. 
Francis Nicholson had been appointed or commissioned 
Lieutenant-Governor in February. Andros claimed that his 
commission empowered him to do so, in the event of Cop- 
ley's death, and the absence of Nicholson, but when exam- 
ined, it only authorized him, to assume ooiitrol in the event 



ACTS OF ASSEMBLY 49 

of Nicholson's death and Copley's absence. At this Septem- 
ber session Dorchester was only represented for one day, and 
by Henry Trippe, who was then granted leave to go< to Eng- 
lalnd. Dr., John Brooks and Edward PSnder, other late 
members had recently died, and Thonias Ennalls failed to 
appear. There was little to note of Dorchester affairs at this 
Assembly, except the issuing of writs for an election of repre- 
sentatives, and the selection of Col. Charles Htitchins, by 
Governor Andros, for a member of his council under his ques- 
tionable rule. The County and Court Justices in 1693 and 
1694 under his control were Richard Owen, Walter Camp- 
bell, Thomas Ennalls; and Wm. Mishew and John Mackeele. 
Special and interesting County Court procieedings at this 
period are given in Chapter V. 

Governor Andros returned to Virginia in 1693, leaving 
Nicholas Greenbury President of the Council and Acting 
Governor. Still in control in May, 1694, he appointed Sir 
Thomas Lawrence President of the Council and Acting Gov- 
ernor. In the following summer Lieutenant-Governor 
Nicholson arrived in the province, exhibited his commission 
and was installed Governor. His administration did not 
radically change the County Officers in Dorchester, particu- 
larly the Court officdals, nor in the election of Burgesses to 
the Assembly. 

x\t the next Assembly session, held in May, 1695, one leg- 
islative bill allowed Jacob Lockerman, Sheriff of Dorchester 
County, 1440 pounds of tobacco for carrying the Burgesses 
over to the Assembly in February, 1794, and the same amount 
for similar work in May, 1695. ^t this session, Henry 
Hooper, Thomas Ennalls and Thomas Hicks, Burgesses 
from Dorchester, were paid for official services 140 pounds 
of tobacco' per day for the session and for traveling expenses 
for four days, 80 pounds per day. 

At the next Assembly session, on October 17, an order 
was passed that the Courthouse at Cambridge be used for 
holding Episcopal Church services, as it stood convenient 
for church purposes in the parish. 

4 



50 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The educational interests entertained by Governor Nichol- 
son, late Lieiitenant-Go'vernor of Virginia, that influenced 
largely the building of William and Mary College in 1693, 
had not abated when he came to govern Maryland. His pro- 
position to the Assembly led to the passage of the Petitionary- 
Act in 1696 for establishing a Free School or Schools in 
Maryland. By legislative appropriations and Governor 
Nicholson's magnificent gift and private subscriptions, King 
William's School in Annapolis was erected. The contribu- 
tors for this school building from Dorchester were: 

Colonel Hutchins, who gave 1000 pounds of tobacco'. 

Henry Hooper, who gave 800 pounds of tobacco. 

John Pollard, who gave 800 pounds oi tobacco. 

Thomas Hicks, who gave 800 pounds of tobacco. 

Thomas Ennalls, who gave 1200 pounds of tobacco. 

A Board of Visitors or School Trustees was appointed 
from each county; those from Dorchester were Rev. Thomas 
Howell, rector of Great Choptank parish; Col. Roger Wool- 
ford; Major Henry Ennalls; Capt. John Rider; Capt. Henry 
Hooper; Capt. John Hodson and Govert Lockerman. 

Under royal control some stringent laws were passed that 
were helpful to some persons and burdensome to others. 
Every Dorchester oitizen felt their effects. Especially so 
was the Act passed in 1696 that repealed all prior Acts con- 
cerning religion and church worship, and enacted another 
that bore the same title as the Act of 1692, viz: "An Act for 
the service of Almighty God and the establishment of the 
Protestant Religion in this Province." This Act required 
the annual payment of the tobacco tax of forty pounds per 
poll, or head, by every person over sixteen years of age, for 
the support of the church and its ministry. Only ministers 
and poor persons whO' received alms from the county were 
exempted from payment of this tax. 

The Anglican Church Act of 1692 and its supplements 
had become so unpopular, that it was very doubtful if the 
Council of Maryland and the Burgesses of the General As- 
sembly of the Province, would pass the forty pound poll tax; 



ANGLICAN CHURCH ACT OF 1692 5I 

and William Smithson, an ardent supporter and friend of the 
Protestant Government, respectively analyzed the Assembly 
vote on the Church Act, prior to its passage, for Dr. Bray. 

The characters used by him tO' denote his opinion of each 
delegate were these : "X" for those thought to be for the 
law; "B" for those thought against it, and "D" for those 
doubtful. The Dorchester Delegates were reported as fol- 
lows: 

"X" Dr. Jacob Loctkerman, 

"D" Mr. Thomas Hicks, 

"X" Mr. Thomas Ennalls, 

"B" Mr. Walter Campbell. 

Comments following the names of these Delegates were 
"Dr. Jacob Lockerman and Mr. Ennalls are Good Moderate 
men. Vestrymen and wish well ye church." 

"Mr. Hicks an humdrtmi fellow knows not what he is for 
himself." 

"Mr. Cambel of ye kirk of Scotland." 

To digress, and give comments on some Delegates from 
other counties, seems irresistible. 

From Charles County : 

"Capt. Philipp Hoskins and Mr. Philipp Briscoe. Luke- 
warm Neither Hott nor Cold." 

Somerset County: 

"Major Wm. Whitington always accounted a Jacobite. 
Mr. Walter Lane & Mr. Samuel Collins are silly drunken 
fellows, easily persuaded by Whitington." 

Anne Arundel County: 

"Capt. Richard Hill ty'd to the L.' Baltimore & Quaker 
Interest, has three sonns at Menus Estate not Christened, 
two absolute Quakers & and the other leaning Himself hold- 
ing Baptisme not necessary to Salvation." 

Oaths of allegiance and supremacy were required frequent- 
ly to be taken, in the transaqtion of much public business, 
and often in matters of private affairs. 



52 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Brief extracts from some forms of oaths are here given : 

"I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to his Majesty 
King William." Another was: "I do swear that I do from 
my heart abhor, detest and abjure as impious and heretical 
the damnable doctrine and position that princes excommuni- 
cated and deprived by the Pope or any authority of the See 
of Rome, may be deposed by their subjects. * * *" 

A third was: "I do declare that no' foreign prince, person, 
prelate or potentate, hath or ought to harve any jurisdiction, 
power, superiority, primacy or authority, ecclesiastical or 
spiritual, within the realm of England, or the dominions 
thereunto belonging." 

The various strict regulations adopted and rigidly enforced 
under Protestant rule in the province, including compulsory 
attendance on Sunday at church service, so interfered with 
the liberties of the people that the County made but little 
progress from. 1689 to 171 5; and from the restoration of the 
Proprietary at this time, to 1753, Maryland history in any 
part of the colony claims no great events. "Local annals 
disclose frequent contentions between the Proprietary and 
the people, he contending for hereditary privileges, and they 
trying; to establish their liberties as formerly, and tO' acquire 
new ones." These struggles developed in Dorchester and 
other counties popular opposition tO' all forms of oppression, 
and were the germs under cultivation that developed the 
Revolution of 1776. 




COURT HOUSE, CAMBRIDGE. 



CHAPTER V. 

MISCELLANEOUS EXTRACTS FROM OLD COURT RECORDS AT CAMBRIDGE. 

The first or earliest Court records tO' be found in the 
Clerk's office of Dorchester County Court, date back to Au- 
gust, 1690. From 1669 to this time, four Courts each year 
were authorized to be held somewhere in Dorchester, and 
coinclusively shown to have been first held at Islington; 
second at Dorset, from 1673 to 1687; and at Cambridge, fro^m 
1687 to 1690, and there ever since. For the first twenty 
years of the existence of the county, few records of Court or 
county affairs are to be found. By the loss of the records a 
period of most interesting and valuable county history has 
become extinct, and perished with the colonial generation 
that made it. With the succession of County Court Clerks 
during that time, viz : Edward Savage, Thomas Pattison, 
Hugh Eccleston, Thomas Smithson, William Smithson, Sam- 
uel Smith and Thomas Pattison, again 1688 — and con- 
sidering the strict instructions given the County Justices and 
Clerks when appointed, that outlined their duties tO' the 
people and oath of obligation to the Proprietary, it is a 
strange mystery that their recorded ofificial proceedings 
should have ever been misplaced. If Thoimas Pattison, who 
was Clerk under the Proprietary in 1688, succeeded himself 
in 1689, having been appointed then by the Protestant 
Assembly, why should not the records kept by him, at least, 
under the two^ different governments have been preserved? 

To note some official acts of the Court more than two 
hundred years ago, and later, in the town of Cambridge, then 
so differently peopled and influenced by law and order in 
conformity with the rigorous code of English justice, will 
contrastingly illustrate the difference in the lightened and 



54 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

modern measures of justice for minor offences against the 
law in this day. 

The organization of the Court under the reign of WilHam 
and Mary, at Cambridge, is here given. 

First Court of Record held. 

„^ . , r At a Court held for 

. ^ ^ -< the County of Dorchester, 

August I, 1690. I ^^,g' j_ ^gg^ 

Present, Hon. John Brooks, "^ 

Present, Col. Charles Huchens, > of the Quorum. 

Present, Hon. Henry Hooper. J 

Hon. John Hodson, 

Capt. John Makeele, 

Hon. Thomas Ennalls, . 

Mr. Thomas Hicks, / Justices. 

Mr. William Misshew, 

Mr. Edward White, 

"After the Justices and all the Court officers then present 
had taken the oath of allegiance and supremacy toi their 
Lordship's Majesties, William and Mary, by the Grace of 
God, &c., the Court adjourned for one hour." 

"The Court set again." 

"Proceedings. Whereas Robert Thornwell was fined last 
June Court for not answering tot serve on the grand jury 
being summoned. The Court then said, ordered his said 
fine be and is remitted, he having now shown good and suffi- 
cient reasons to the Court for his absence according to the 
former order of Court ! Thos. Pattison, Cl'k." 

"Thomas Flowers who had been also fined was relieved." 

"The Court ordered that John Kirk pay unto John Lahy, 

his corne and clothes according to Act of Assembly for his 

time of service completed with him, the said John Kirk; or 

execution. Thos. Pattison, Cl'k." 



OLD COURT RECORDS AT CAMBRIDGE 55 

"Upon the complaint of John Makeele, Jun. over-seer of 
thyr highways on Fishing Creek hundred, that WilHam Mills 
Mr. Pollard's man, David Jones, Mr. Clark's, Edward, 
Thomas Nooner, Cornelius his negrO', William Hill, planter, 
John King, servant to^ John Brannock, Walter at Mrs. Wood- 
ward's, and Richard Thomas could not attend the clearing 
of the highways, being summoned by the said the over-seer 
&d. The Court ordered summons be issued to these people 
to appear at the next Court to be held the first Tuesday in 
September next, and answer why they did not obey the over- 
seer, or be fined according to law." 

"Katherine Baggott was fined five hundred pounds of to- 
bacco' for having born of her body a bastard child. Thomas 
Wells appeared at Court and tO' pay the fine for her. The 
mother of this child was a servant of Mr. John Brooks, and 
the Court ordered the child to serve Mr. John Brooks until 
21 years of age for the raising and keeping of it." 

"Mary Bradston was ordered to be whipped by the Sheriff, 
with 15 lashes well laid on the bare back for having born of 
her body a bastard child." 

"Court adjourned until 8 o'clock next morning." 

August 6. Provincial Court proceedings. 

1690. "The Court this day ordered that Aaron Tunes shall 
bring to or send to next County Court, a gun that he for- 
merly bought of an Indian called Cut Wilson Jack, supposed 
to be a gun belonging to John Dryson." 

"The Court this day ordered that Katherine Fielding shall 
be whipt and receive of the sheriff ten lashes well laid on her 
bare back for the contempt and abusing the Justices in 
Court Sitting. 

"Thos. Pattison, Cl'k." 

"This day the Court ordered that James Nowells be fined 
five hundred pounds of tobacco for his wife Margaret Now- 
ells abusing Mr. Wm. Hill and our Burgesses biding them 
'be damned.' 

"William Hill, Sub Sheriff of the County." 



56 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Trial of Thornas N. 

''Asked to drink his Majesty's health, asks what King 
* * * says 'I will drink his damnation and all his 
posterity.' " 

("Not guilty.") 

For Slander: 

"The Court this day ordered that the Sheriff do take in his 
custody and safe keeping Mathew Cary; and that he be wipt 
and * * * Qf ^\^Q Sheriff ten lashes well laid on his bare 

back, and likewise that the said Gary be and is lined 

five hundred pounds of tobacco, all being for setting false 
reports against Mr. John Brooks, one of the Justices of this 
Court, according to Act of Assembly. 

"Thos. Pattison, Cl'k." 

1 69 1. Petition to Court for relief of Contempt, for non- 
appearance. 

"To the Worships the Justices of our Worshipful Court. 

"The humble petition of John Phillips. 

( That the Ptr. was for a grand jury, and the Pr 
Humbly J being remote from home and no€ quartors to- be 
( had here convenient to secure horses therefore the 
Pr did endeavor to go to Wm. Kenerlys for quartors, but 
being dark and unacquainted with the way, lost my way, and 
the night far spent before I' could come to any house until 
at last by the barking of Mr. Campbells dog-gs came there, 
and turning my horse loose could not find him timely in the 
morning; now may it please your Worships, the Commission- 
ers considered that your Pr. did not ever doe any act in con- 
tempt of ye Worships, humbly prays a remittance of the 
fines, and yr Pt. as in duty bound shall ever pray. 

"John Phillips." 

In 1 69 1 "The Court ordered that a bridewell be kept at 
the house of Arthur Whitely, at the head of Fishing Creek." 



OLD COURT RECORDS AT CAMBRIDGE 57 

"Arthur Hart, constable of Armitage hundred, in 1691, 
conveys to tlie kepper of Bridezvell House for Edward Finder, 
who sends a servant, to be held there until Court." 

The little brick jail, the first one built in Cambridge, was 
either full of prisoners or had not been completed at this 
time. 

Copies of Old Court Records : 

State of Md. [ Indictment: Felony: N. Cul & issue, 
against j who was this 

term convicted of Felony, was this day brought into Court 
to receive their judgment, which was that he should pay the 
fourfold of the value of the Hog mentioned in the indictment, 
and should return the said Hog, or the value thereof which 
the Court have valued at one hundred and twenty pounds of 
Tobacco to 

and further, that the said be whipped at the 

public Whipping Post with ten lashes on his bare back, and 
then should stand in and upon the Public Pillory for the space 
of ten minutes. And the Sherrifif was ordered that he should 
do execution therof forwith at his peril." 

Old Court Record : 

AN INDIAN'S PETITION TO COURT. 

Mr. James S. Shepperd, Deputy Court Clerk, while exam- 
ining some old records in the Courthouse, found this petition : 

"To the worpl Justices of Dorchester, in court sitting. The 
herewith petition of Harry Will Tom, one of the Ababcoes 
Indians, humbly sheweth : 

"That your petitioner being at the house of Edward Bran- 
nock, Sen. in Fishing Creek, found several Englishmen 
drinking of sider and other drink, and amongst the rest gave 
your petitioner some of the drink that they themselves was 
a drinking, soe that your petitioner became fuddled; and in 
that condition John Brannock wo^uld have your petitioner 
to goe to John Button's to fetch a flitch or two of bacon for 



58 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

the said John Brannock, and in order thereunto the said 
Indian had a small payr of still-yards tO' weigh the said bacon 
and as the Indian was goeing along the drink overcame him 
so much that he lay down in the woods to sleepe and by that 
means lost the said John Brannock's still-yards and cannot 
find them : whereupom the said John Brannock detains of the 
Indians one gun, a certain quantity of peake and a match- 
coat : 

"Now may it please your worships, the premises considered, 
your poor petitioner humbly craves an order for his gun, 
peake and matchcoat, and your petitioner as in duty bound 
shall pray. 

"Harry Will Tom." 




COUNTY JAIL. CAMBRIDGE. 



Towns and Their Descriptions. 
CHAPTER VI. 

LOCATION OF TOWNS — WAREHOUSES — PORTS OF ENTRY— TOBACCO 
INSPECTORS — APPOINTMENTS. 

At a session of the Assembly of Maryland, held at the 
"Ridge," in Anne Arundel County, in October and Novem- 
ber, 1683, a Town Bill was passed, which was in part as fol- 
lows: "After the last day of August, 1685, the towns, ports 
and places hereafter mentioned in the several and respective 
counties within this province shall be the ports and places 
where all ships and vessels trading into this province shall 
unload and put on shore and sell, barter and traffic away all 
goods, wares and commodities that shall be imported into 
this province. And likewise, that all Tobacco, goods, wares 
and merchandise of the growth, production or manufacture 
of this province intended to be sold here or transported out 
of this province, shall be for that end and intent brought to 
the said Ports and places. That is to say, in the County of 
* * * and in Dorchester County, on Morgan's Land, 
near the head of Fishing Creek, in Little Choptank, and on 
Traverse his Land on the West side of the North West 
branch of Transquaking River, at or near the fork." 

Commissioners were appointed to purchase land and lay 
out towns; the Dorchester Commissioners were Major 
Thomas Taylor, John Brooks, Bartholomew Ennalls, Capt. 
Henry Trippe, Daniel Clark, Charles Hutchins, Edward Pin- 
der, John Pollard, John Hudson, Anthony Dawson, Thomas 
Pattison, James Peterkin, John Salisbury, Thomas Hicks, 
John Mackeele, John Alford, Henry Hooper, Jacob Lock- 
erman, John Richardson, Richard Owen, William Dorring- 
ton, John Stephens, Edward Brannock, and John Wood- 
ward, who were required to meet before the 28th day of 



60 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

March, 1684, and purchase of some landowners one hundred 
acres of land; have surveyed and laid off town lots, streets, 
lanes, alleys, and leave places for churches, chapels, market 
house and for other public buildings; and the balance divide 
into one hundred lots. The owner who^ sold the land was 
to have the first choice of one lot, and no person to purchase 
more than one lot within the first four months; after that 
time any person could buy as many as he wanted. Each lot 
owner was to build one house not less than twenty feet square 
before the last day of August, 1685. Each lot was assessed 
a yearly rent by the Proprietary of one penny current money. 
The (^barter regulations for these towns contained strict 
storage and maritime rules too tedious to mention, as these 
places never developed into ports of much trade or interest. 

In April, 1684, an Assembly Act was passed to locate a 
town on Daniel Jones' plantation, on the south side of Great 
Choptank River. In 1686 it was named Cambridge. 

By an additional Act to the Act for Advancement of Trade 
and to the supplementary tO' the same, passed October 30, 
1686, Other towns were located as follows: "In Little Chop- 
tank River, on Brooks' Creek, at 'Nicholas Marye's Poynt,' 
called Islington; and one other in Hungar River, on the 
East side, on Andrew Fusleys' neck, to be called Bristoll." 
It was at that time found that some places were not suitable 
for towns, iviz : "In Dorchester County, now commonly 
called 'Dorc^hester,' on Morgan's land, near the head of 
Fishing Creek, in Little Choptank," was "by this Act to be 
annulled and untowned." In September, town officers had 
been appointed: For Cambridge, Maj. Thos. Taylor; Dorset, 
Edward Finder; Yarmouth, Dr. John Brooks. 

Warehouses were built at most of these towns, which were 
designed for ports of entry. In the warehouses built, im- 
ported merchandise, or goods to be exported (chiefly to- 
bacco), was stored. The storage charges on tobacco per 
hogshead was ten pounds of tobacco each year. 

Though town sites were located, namely, Dorchester, 
Islington, Bristoll, Yarmouth, Cambridge, and others, none 
grew beyond small shipping points, where tobacc^o was ex- 



TOBACCO INSPECTORS 6 1 

ported from grovernment warehouses — except Cambridge, 
which was laid out in 1687, and to which the County Court 
was transferred from the town of Dorset in that year. 

In 1707 a Town Act that abandoned some towns and 
authorized laying out others was passed/ 

One hundred acres was laid out for a town on a point 
called Philips' Point, on the north side of Fishing Creek, 
in Hungar River. 

Little Yarmouth, on Transquaking River, was aban- 
doned. 

At a session of the Assembly, began November 21, 1763, an 
Act was passed amending the Tobacco Laws of the State, 
that designated the location of the houses, salaries of inspec- 
tors, and method of appointments. The location of the 
warehouses in Dorchester, number of inspectors for each, and 
the amount of their salary, are here given : 

"David Melvill's Warehouse," one inspector; salary, 8800 
lbs. Tobacco. 

"At Hunting Creek," one inspector, 10,400 lbs. Tobacco. 

"East side of North West Fork of Nanticoke, above 
Crotcher's Ferry," one inspector, 4000 lbs. Tobacco. 

At the late Henry Ennalls' Jr., his warehouse, at Choptank 
Ferry, one inspector, 9600 lbs. Tobacco. 

"Edward White's Warehouse, on Little Choptank," one 
inspector, 9600 lbs. Tobacco. 

"At Plymouth Warehouse, on Fishing Creek," one inspec- 
tor, 4800 lbs. Tobacco. 

"At Vienna town, on the land of Joshua Edmondson," one 
inspector, 4800 lbs. Tobacco. 



^At the same session a Town-Port Act was passed that defined dis- 
tricts for ports of entry, touching Dorchester County, as follows: "That 
all towns, rivers, creeks in Talbot County, and towns, rivers, creeks and 
coves in Great Choptank and Little Choptank Rivers in Dorchester County 
and Kent Island in Queen Anne's County, shall be deemed and taken to 
be members of the Port of Oxford. All of Somerset and the remaining 
part of Dorchester County to be members of the Port of Green Hill, in 
Wicomico River. All commanders of ships or vessels shall enter their 
ships with the Naval officers and Collectors of the several districts where 
they design to ride and unload." 



62 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

TOBACCO INSPECTORS— HOW APPOINTED. 

The several and respective vestrymen and church wardens 
of every parish were required to meet at their respective 
churches between the first and tenth day of September, every 
year, to nominate and recommend to the Governor, four or 
two able and efficient planters, well skilled in tobacco, for 
each and every inspection within their parish. The certifi- 
cates of recommendation thus made were forwarded tO' the 
Governor, who then made the appointments. 

The first public warehouse at Vienna was built in 1762. 
About this year it was made a port of entry. 



CHAPTER VII. 

CAMBRIDGE. 

DESCRIPTIVE LOCATION — COMMERCIAL ADVANTAGES AND FACILITIES — ORIGIN 
AND EARLY HISTORY— SOCIAL PROMINENCE — COLONIAL BUILDINGS— OLD 
JAIL — DORCHESTER HOUSE. 

This charming Httle qity — Cambridge — the county seat of 
Dorchester County, is well situated on the south side of 
Great Choptank River, about fifteen miles from Chesapeake 
Bay. The city is divided into East and West Cambridge 
by Cambridge Creek, formerly called Hughes' Creek, which 
enters the Choptank, a beautiful river about two miles wide 
at this point. The mouth of this creek forms a fine harbor 
for large and small vessels. 

Steam and sailing- vessels carry a valuable and extensive 
commerce between Cambridge and Baltimore and other 
ports. It is the southern terminus of the Cambridge and 
Seaford Railroad, which connects with the Delaware Divi- 
sion of the P. R. R. at Seaford, Del, that afifords rapid 
transit for freight and passengers between Cambridge and 
Philadelphia, New York and other points. This metropolis 
of the Eastern Shore of Maryland has a bright future for ad- 
vancement in trade, manufacturing, and growth in popula- 
tion. 

ITS EARLY HISTORY. . 

The development of Cambridge in colonial days was the 
result of a slow but excellent work of a notable people of 
various nationalities, with English predominating. 

In April, 1684, an Act of Assembly was passed at "The 
Ridge," in Anne Arundel County, to locate a town on Daniel 
Jones' Plantation, on the south side of Great Choptank 



64 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

River. In 1686 a supplementary Act was passed for build- 
ing a court house there. Thomas Taylor was appointed 
town officer, and the town named Cambridge. By dele- 
gated authority, Thomas Taylor contracted with Anthony 
Dawson to build the Court House, which he did, and which 
was occupied by the Court in 1687. Previous to this time it 
appears that John Kirk had purchased of Daniel Jones the 
one hundred acres upon which authority had been given to 
build a town. Kirk soon laid out a number of town lots on 
each side of High Street, from the river, beyond the Court 
House site. At this period of the town's history only two 
streets were mentioned. High and Poplar Streets. 

With the possibility of being a port of entry, where a ware- 
house would be built for the storage of imported goods and 
products for export, chiefly tobacvco, and with the influence of 
the County Court and court officers, still, town growth was 
slow for some years, as is shown by the low price of town 
lots, and the very limited number of houses built. About 
the time the Court was established, Kirk made sale of a few 
lots. "He sold to Charles Wright the lot adjoining the Par- 
ish Church, called the 'Market Place,' supposed to be the 
'Sulivane House;' others to Arthur Whiteley, Thomas Nev- 
ett, Hugh Eccleston, and to John Woolford." 

In writing a brief history of Cambridge, it is a pleasure 
to quote from the bi-centennial address of Col. James Wal- 
lace, delivered July 4, 1884, whose words so- beautifully pic(- 
ture the town life of its people for a long period in colonial 
days: 

"From 1700 to 1776 the town grew very slowly, but its 
population was very select and society highly polished. 
Here were located the Judges of the Court, the clerks, the 
lawyers, the physicians, the teachers — the cultivated people 
of the land. Hither came those wdio sought asylum and 
rest; some from sunny France, fleeing from persecution after 
the revocation, of the edict of Nantes, some from old Eng- 



EARLY SETTLERS 65 

land, some from Virginia, some from Scotland and the green 
Emerald Isle. Here rest the bones of him who followed the 
Prince of Orange in his long struggle with Louis XIV. 
Men trod these streets who followed the fortunes of the 
great Duke of Marlborough; who heard the thunder of the 
battle of Blenheim; who heard the shout of John Sobieski 
and his gallant Poles under the walls of Vienna and Buda; 
who saw the wonderful career of Peter the Great; who 
watqhed with breathless interest that fiery comet of the 
North which swept over Europe from the cold and inhospit- 
able regions of Sweden, that shattered the kingdom of Po- 
land and laid the crown of Augustus in the dust. They 
heard the rumbling of the coming earthquake that shook the 
world in 1776 and broke the shackles of a thousand years. 
But they were too far off to be involved in the vortex of 
those great events. They came here to rest, and they found 
it; they lived the life of gentlemen of the olden time. They 
were gallant, chivalric, polite, cultivated and hospitable; 
they had no mails, no newspapers, no politics, no heated dis- 
cussions; they devoted themselves to literature and leisure." 
After the restoration of Lord Baltimore's Proprietary 
rights in the province, in 171 5, an era of prosperity followed. 
Farmers raised and sold profitable crops of tobacco, and 
rapidly acquired wealth from the products of slave labor. 
Soon that class of farmers retired and settled in Cambridge 
to enjoy the comforts of prosperity and town society. They 
were families of attractive moral forces and possessed many 
characteristic virtues that molded a society, aristocratic and 
refined. Some of those influential town and county settlers 
who first came were the LeComptes, Hoopers, Stevenses, 
Taylors, Hodsons, Garys, Brookses, Dorringtons, Pollards, 
Stapleforts, and others from Calvert and other counties, and 
Jacob Lockerman, from New Amsterdam. These were 
sooner or later reinforced by other prominent families — the 
Ennallses, Traverses, McKeels, Richardsons, Harrisons, 
Hutchinses, Steeles, Neavetts, Henrys, Goldboroughs, Suli- 

5 



66 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

vanes, Stewarts, Martins, Muses, Murrays, Trippes, Baylys, 
Burnses, Bryans, Pages and Dixons, and still others with 
tastes and talents that made Cambridge the most picturesque 
town in Marjdand in the eighteenth century. In this period 
there came some scholarly men who inaugurated higher 
literary training. From this splendid combination of per- 
sonal attainments, inherited from a distinguished and noble 
ancestry of Europe, or the Isles of Britain, in some of whom 
flowed the blood of heroes in war, and in others the blood 
of martyrs, there descended men and women in Cam- 
bridge, with noted ability and splendid genius, who occupied 
high positions in public and private life; of them we note 
foreign ministers, learned lawyers, skilled physicians, emi- 
nent jurists, distinguished theologians, and honored gover- 
nors and statesmen, and last, but by far not the least, ladies 
of rare accomplishments — maids and matrons, typical queens 
in society and home life — models and molders of character 
that left their life impressions on brothers and sisters, sons 
and daughters. 

COLONIAL BUILDINGS. 

Only a few of the old buildings that were the homes of 
Cambridge colonists now remain in the original. To be re- 
modeled or removed has been their fate, and with them has 
disappeared the first jail, built in Cambridge of bricks brought 
from England soon after the County Court was established 
in 1687. 

The criminal history of the many prisoners confined in that 
little jail within a hundred years only the dim old records of 
the Court can tell. Its cooperative agencies of punishment 
— the whipping-post and pillory, with their history of in- 
flicted brutality, have long disappeared from public view and 
memory under modified forms of criminal law. So far as 
is now known only one prisoner was ever confined in that 




OLD COUNTY GAOL, CAMBRIDGE. 



THE OLD DORCHESTER HOUSE 6/ 

jail as a persecution for proclaiming a religious doctrine con- 
trary to the Established Church Laws. 

Accompanying is an illustration of a colonial dwelling still 
standing in Cambridge, built in 1728. Its history as a pri- 
vate residence and public house is here described by its 
present owner, David Straughn, Esq. : 

HISTORY OF THE OLD DORCHESTER HOUSE IN 

CAMBRIDGE AND ITS DEMOCRATIC 

CAMPUS. 

{By David Straughn, Esq.) 

The historical, political, and social character of this house 
is replete with incident and instruction. It was built before 
the colonial struggle for the Independence of our country, 
even before Washington was born, or the architects of the 
Federal Union and the framers of the Constitution had an 
existence. It was built in the year of 1728 when the Chop- 
tank Indians roamed the forest and defied the advance of 
divilization with the tomahawk and the scalping knife. 

Doubtless the rude settlers of that period had often sat 
beneath its elm tree shade and discussed the mighty problem 
of man to rule and govern himself. 

" This house is located by actual survey in the exacjt centre 
of the town of Cambridge, equidistant from the river to the 
cross roads. 

After having passed through a long succession of owners, 
it is now the residence of David Straughn, Esquire. 

My first introduction to the interior arrangements of this 
house was, when a boy, the late Josiah Bayly, Jr., escorted 
me to the third story, and showed me the room occupied 
by his distinguished father as a law student, and private tutor, 
in the family of Congressman Scott. 

"In the year 1790," said he, "my father was in quest of a 
situation, and being a man of education, he brought to the 
house of Scott the complete fulfilment of his earthly hopes — 



68 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



the exclusive education of his aristocratic daughters. In 
consideration of the education of these girls, Scott promised 
Mr. Bayly that he should have his board, the use of his books, 
and succeed him in practice. The girls, I am told, were very 
pliant, tractable, and submissive to scholarly discipline, yet 
they would not eat at the table with him, because, forsooth, 
they looked upon him as a hireling for wages. Nevertheless, 
Bayly became the first Attorney-General of Maryland, and 
a terror to every evil-doer, for he was a veritable giant in the 
temple of justice." 

The composite building of the Dorchester House was 
constructed by an Englishman by the name of Harrison, 
who brought all of its material from England. Tradition 
seems to have established the fact that English ships came 
within the enclosures of this place, for they had a brick ware- 
house in the same enclosure, and which was torn down about 
ten years ago. But what was the nature and character of 
the trade between these early settlers and England, we are 
left almost entirely to conjectural speculation, except the 
exportation of tobacco. 

This house having passed from Harrison to Scott, we now 
find it in possession of the celebrated Dr. Joseph Muse, 
whom Prof. Benjamin Gillman, of Yale University, mentions 
as worthy of a place in the laboratory of scientific men. Being 
a man of great possessions, and having become piqued with 
Dr. White, he marred the beauty of this place to a great 
extent by building a drug store in opposition to Dr. White 
for the curtailment of his profits. 

He then vacated and passed over to Gay Street, and built 
the celebrated "castle," in whose icy halls many a lover has 
been glad to receive, when 'knighthood was in flower,' the 
cold smiles of a passing glance." 

We now find the charaqter of the place has been changed, 
and that it is no longer a private residence, but is used by the 
traveling public. Thomas White, a local Democratic poli- 
tician, converts it into a hotel, and makes it headquarters for 




DORCHESTER HOUSE, CAMBRIDGE. 



TPIE OLD DORCHESTER HOUSE 69 

the Democracy, and calls it the "Dorchester House." PliitO' 
never had more absolute sway in his regions than the Dem- 
ocracy had in these environments. It was not safe for a 
Whig to ventilate himself in these quarters, especially on a 
public day, when the Democratic) ship was under full pres- 
sure of steam. I have seen the stalwart Henry May standing 
under its portico addressing the Democracy, and at the same 
time defiantly challenging John Causean, through the liking 
of party, to meet him in joint discussion. 

Intellectually, this would have been a "battle of the giants," 
but had the great Causean accepted this challenge and va- 
cated the Court House, he and his cohorts would have been 
like the war horse rushing to destruction in attempting tO' 
storm the citadel of Democracy. They knew too^ well that 
the Democrats had on their war paint, and that they were 
game to the back bone, within their own enclosures. 

In the diatribes upon the Constitutional Convention of 
1850, the Whigs were invited to a joint discussion of the 
measures of that period for a whole week upon the Dorches- 
ter Greeu. Governor Hicks. Dr. Phelps, Joseph E. Muse, 
and Ben Jackson kept the pohtical caldron boiling every 
afternoon and evening to such an extent that the passions 
of the people ran wild with excitement. 

It was here that Governor Hicks was branded with the 
sobriquet. King Caesar, and Ben Jackson with that of Little 
Poney. The Democrats forever afterwards ostensibly de- 
preciated the political power of such a man, and in their 
speeches said forsooth, we love C?esar, but we love Rome 
more. The Democracy in these quarters always raised a 
hickory pole and flung their colors to the breeze. In those 
days the passions of the people were always inflamed in the 
campaigns of political excitement to such an extent that 
they paid very little attention to the "retort c^ourteous," but 
were adepts in personal abuse. But still, in 1852, when 
Daniel Webster died, the Democrats lowered their flag at 
half-mast for the fallen statesman, who had led a forlorn hope 
of a Presidential nomination in that crisis. 



yo HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The great political chieftain lay dead at their feet, and 
the sad valediction had hardly been pronounced at his grave 
when all that was left of the earthly remains of the old Whig 
party entered the house of mourning for the last time. Thus 
died the great Webster, and he fell like the aolossus of the 
ages in the temple of fame. There it was that the light of 
the last star of hope forever went out in the councils of politi- 
cal wisdom to perpetuate the fostering care of a great politi- 
cal party. And thus endeth the first chapter of the Dor- 
chester House with its incidental connection with the Demo- 
cratic party. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

CAMBRIDGE TOWARDS THE REVOLUTION — MILITARY HEADQUARTERS DURING 
THE REVOLUTION — PEACEFUL ATTITUDE AFTER THE WAR— CHANGES MADE 
BY CIVIL WAR — STIMULATED ENTERPRISE — TOWN DEVELOPMENT, AND 
INDUSTRIAL GROWTH — SOCIAL ORDERS — NEWSPAPERS — CHURCHES. 

In 1745, Cambridg-e was incorporated by Act of Assem- 
bly, but still slowly advanced in growth and population prior 
to the Revolutionary period. At the time of its incorpora- 
tion, a sanitary measure or nuisance-abatement Act was 
passed, that prohibited the raising of swine and geese in the 
town. In 1750, in response to a petition, permission was 
given to lease the church land of Great Choptank Parish by 
consent of a majority of the vestrymen. Prior tO' this period, 
throughout it, and for years that followed, the Assembly of 
Maryland was absolute in authority over the people. The 
Assembly proceedings are massive volumes of petitions for 
public privileges and personal liberties. "Languishing 
prisoners" in "gaol" for debt, burdensome taxation for the 
support of the Proprietary government and the Church, were 
not in public favor; and when English taxation was addition- 
ally imposed, the independent spirit of Cambridge people was 
ripe for revolt. The leading citizens of the town, influential 
in the revolutionary conventions and Council of Safety, made 
Cambridge headquarters for military operations on the East- 
ern Shore during the War for Independence. A number of 
brave soldiers and distinguished officers from Cambridge 
served in the Continental Army with great valor under the 
most trying privations, until relief came, either by death 
in battle, or the close of the long conflicjt. 

After the close of the war, with the restoration of an ac- 
tive foreign and domestic trade, the wealthier of the town in- 
habitants resumed their former habits of luxury and ease in 
splendid homes amid beautiful surroundings, largely on the 



^2 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

revenues derived from slave labor. In this way they contin- 
ued tO' live and prosper until the results of the great Civil 
War so radically changed the conditions of labor that latent 
energy was forced into active efforts under the law of neces- 
sity. This business activity of compulsion, aided by the in- 
fluences of traffic in army supphes, where money was rap- 
idly made, stimulated enterprise in a new town growth, and 
opened and enlarged avenues for commerce with the world, 
which led to the development of 

MODERN CAMBRIDGE. 

In 1799 the town was resurveyed, new streets and town 
lots were then laid out about as they now are, except East 
and West Cambridge, which have been built up since i860, 
when the total population of the town was about twelve 
hundred. 

The new channels of trade and business advantages estab- 
lished soon after the close of the Civil War were increased. 
Steamboat lines, the completion of the Dorchester and Dela- 
ware Railroad to Cambridge, and the opening of telegraph 
communication, which invited apt enterprise to start a greater 
building and business boom in the town. 

The first telegraph line to Cambridge was secured by Mr. 
W. Wilson Byrn, then president of the new railroad, who' 
made terms with the Western Union, by which the people 
in the county furnished the poles along the railroad and paid 
for the wire, which the telegraph company put up and oper- 
ated. 

The limits of this book will not permit the naming of the 
many enterprises, and by whom projected in Cambridge, 
even in the days of its modern growth, but some will be men- 
tioned to convey an idea of the lines of town progress. 

In 1869 the first large manufacturing industry was estab- 
lished on the East side of Cambridge Creek, located on a site 
of about ten acres of land bought by a gentleman from New 
Jersey. Large lumber and flour mills were built there and 
operated under the management of J. W. Crowell & Co., 




ST. PAUL'S M. P. CHURCH. CAMBRIDGE. 



THE OYSTER INDUSTRY 73 

whose business amounted to about $40,000 a year, in supply- 
ing white oak timber to the Central Pacific Railroad, for 
car building; and the packing of hundreds of barrels of fiour. 
This plant was destroyed by fire in 1877, when the firm incor- 
porated under the name of the Cambridge Manufacturing 
Company, who rebuilt the plant, and has been operating it 
ever since. 

Shipbuilding that had been largely carried on by James A. 
Stewart, who began in 1849, to build large coasting vessels, 
was, with some intervals, clontinued by different builders, 
until discontinued by J. W. Crowell, who built a number 
of large vessels, and shipped the frames of many vessels tO' 
be built elsewdiere, until the supply of white oak timber near 
Cambridge, suitable for shipbuilding, was nearly exhausted. 
Next, harbor improvements and enterprises were begun. 
John Lowe built a wharf where the marine railway now is. 
Col. James Wallace also built a wharf where vessels direct 
from England had discharged their foreign cargoes and 
loaded tobacco for export a hundred and fifty years ago. 
There he built a cannery and commenced fruit canning. In 
1874 he commenced packing oysters; the first to start raw 
shucking and steam packing of oysters in Cambridge. 

Immediately following, William Hopkins and William 
Davis built a marine railway, to which Joseph H. Johnson 
added a large shipyard after acquiring the marine railway. 

In this decade of improvement a new county jail was built 
in Cambridge, at a cost of about $20,000. Its construction 
was none too soon for the use of the town government that 
had to restrict the noisy cjonduct of a new immigration, 
oyster dredgers, crews of oyster boats, chiefly idle men from 
cities, often called "tramps," that came every winter and still 
come to dredg-e oysters to supply the demand of a great in- 
dustry established at Cambridge, which next claims notice. 

THE OYSTER INDUSTRY. 

For the last thirty-five years, the catching, shucking and 
shipping of oysters by the people of Cambridge has annually 



74 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

increased from very small beginnings, until the business is 
now second to Baltimore's oyster trade. It has advanced 
the prosperity and growth of Cambridge, as much as all the 
other industries located there. Several hundred oystermen 
live in the town, who^ own and command their oyster boats, 
of different classes and sizes. About eight or nine hundred 
oyster shuckers, men, women and children, chiefly colored, 
are employed to open the oysters in a score of oyster houses, 
managed and owned by packers, among whom are the Cam- 
bridge Packing Co., Choptank Oyster Packing Co., Mace, 
Woolford & Co.. I. L. Leonard & Co., Tubman & Mills, J. J. 
Phillips «& Co., J. H. Phillips & Co., W. G. Winterbottom & 
Co., W. H. Robins & Son, J. B. Harris & Son, Milford Phillips, 
T. M. Bramble & Co., Levi B. Phillips & Co., Geo. A. Hall & 
Co., Julius Baker, Geo. W. Phillips & Son, William Blades & 
Sons, and others. Nearly a million bushels of oysters are 
annually shucked at Cambridge. The employment afforded 
by this business within the last twenty years has furnished 
the means to provide nice, comfortable homes for several 
hundred families, as well as for their support in this thrifty 
town. The rapid growth of oysters is marvelous, and the 
extent of the beds only bounded by the distant shores of the 
Choptank and the Chesapeake. With proper management 
the oyster supply is exhaustless. 

Cambridge contains 1600 dwellings, from the plain cottage 
to the palatial mansion; one hundred and thirty stores, in 
great variety, from the penny shop to the wholesale house 
of city proportions; three National banks; building and loan 
associations; a bonded trust company, and splendid school 
buildings for a thousand children. Other enterprises of pub- 
lic utility are the Cambridge Water Company, capital stock, 
$60,000, James Wallace, President; the Cambridge Gas Com- 
pany, capital stock, $20,000, Daniel H. LeCompte, Presi- 
dent; the Cambridge Manufacturing Company (previously 
mentioned), capital, $100,000, James Wallace, President; 
the Cambridge Shirt Factory, A. J. Foble, President 
and manager, employing one hundred and fifty hands; and 



INDUSTRIES OF CAMBRIDGE 75 

five large fruit and vegetable canneries, operated by sepa- 
rate firms, namely: James Wallace & Son, Roberts Bros., I. 
L. Leonard & Co., T. M. Bramble & Co. and Woolford, 
Winterbottom & Lewis. L. K. Warren and Messrs. Sherman 
and Collins are each proprietors of steam mills for manu- 
facturing tlour. S. L. Webster is manager of the Webster 
Fertilizing Factory, where large quantities of agricultural 
manures are made. 

An extensively used town telephone makes connections 
with most of the towns throughout the Eastern Shore Penin- 
sula and Philadelphia and Baltimore. An opera house, with 
seating capacity of six hundred people, is a notable town 
convenience. 

The United Charities Hospital is a large building, which 
is fully and well equipped for many patients, where the best 
skill in medical science and surgery is applied, equal to the 
Johns Hopkins standard or other first-class hospitals. To 
meet the growing demand for hospital treatment, a new and 
larger building is to be erected by private and State subscrip- 
tions. The hospital site has been chosen and work on the 
building will soon begin. Mr. John E. Hurst subscribed 
$10,000. 

The hotels in Cambridge are modern in structure and 
splendidly managed. Braly's is a brick building with large 
accommodations. Col. E. E. Braly, proprietor. 

Hotel Dixon, a new hotel just completed, has every con- 
venience found in first-class city hotels. Lee Dixon, Esq., 
owner, and Mrs. A. N. Nicholas, manager. Colonel Braly 
became proprietor of Hotel Dixon in November, 1902. 

Cator's Hotel, under the popular management of ex-She- 
iff Thos. B. Cator, is well patronized. 

Secret societies and beneficial orders have select member- 
ship of high and reputable standing. Of notable mention 
are the Cambridge Lodge, No. 66, Masons; Knights of 
Pythias, Independent Order of Heptasophs, Independent Or- 
der of Odd Fellows, Royal Arcanum, Junior Order United 
American Mechanics and Choptank Lodge of Red Men. 



76 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Musicians are numerous and of fine musical attainments. 
Three organized bands pleasingly render pathetic, patriotic 
or sentimental airs, that move the public heart and feelings 
as often as occasion requires. 

CAMBRIDGE NEWSPAPERS. 

The "newspaper" history of the town is here quoted from 
the best known authority at hand. 

The first newspaper printed in Cambridge, was TJic 
Chronicle, which was issued, it is said, in 1821. The next 
to follow, as well as we have been able to learn, was the 
Dorchester Aurora, published by a Mr. Callahan. The 
Democrat and DorcJiester Advertiser was established about 
1840, with John E. Tyler, editor and publisher. W. H. 
Bowdle next started The Democrat. This was followed 
by TJie American Eagle, Ruben S. Tall, publisher. Later 
on it passed to the management of George W. Jefferson. 
Handy and Ballard succeeded Mr. Bowdle in publishing The 
Democrat, but when the Civil War began they went South 
and left the publication in the hands of Mr. Louis E. Barrett, 
foreman of the office. Mr. Bowdle again entered the field 
of journalism and started The Herald, and at this time we 
learn there were three papers published there. 

About 1865, The Herald passed into the hands of R. K. 
Winbrow. Later Chas. E. Hayward became the proprietor, 
and when he was elected State's Attorney, sold it to Col. 
George E. Austin and Dr. d'Unger, who also- bought the 
old Democrat and consolidated the two under the name of 
The Democrat and Herald. The American Eagle was sold by 
Mr. Jefferson to Levin E. Straughn, who changed its name 
tO' The Intelligencer. The Chronicle was suspended on several 
occasions, but reestablished again and again, and at one time 
was owned and published by the late Judge Chas. E. Golds- 
borough. The Intelligencer, just after the war, passed into the 
hands of Rev. T. Burton, then back to the Straughn family, 
and was finally suspended. In 1879 Henry Straughn and 
James E. Reese started The Dorchester Era, now owned and 




BAPTIST MISSION CHURCH, CAMBRIDGE. 



CAMBRIDGE NEWSPAPERS JJ 

published by James H. C. Barrett. In 1867, E. L. Keer began 
the pubhcation of The Dorchester News, afterwards seUing out 
to Joseph H. Johnson who also purchased TJie Democrat, and 
consolidated the two under the name of the Democrat and 
Nezvs. About this time William H. Bowdle started The Tele- 
graph, and in a year sold out to Clement Sulivane, who 
changed the name of the paper to TJie Chronicle. He pub- 
lished the paper about fifteen years. * * * Next it 
passed into the hands of James Melvin. Two or three 
years later John R. Pattison and E. C. Harrington became 
its owners. ]\Ir. Pattison retired, and his half interest was 
purchased by the present editor, and proprietor, W. Laird 
Henry, who bought out Mr. Harrington. 

To return to the Democrat and Nezvs, when Mr. Johnson 
became interested in shipbuilding, he sold his paper to- C. V. 
Bingley and John G. Mills. Mr. Bingley soon retired, and 
from that time on, the paper was edited and published by 
Mr. Mills until 1901, when he sold out to Orem and Johnson. 

The Dorchester Standard was established in 1895, by Phil- 
lips L. Goldsborough, who sold out in 1901, to Thos. S. 
Latimer, who is now editor and proprietor. 

The Item, a monthly paper, was started in 1894, by E. P. 
Vinton, who still continues its publication. 

The Daily Banner publication began Tuesday, September 
21,1897, Lindsay C. Marshall and Armistead R. Michie being 
editors and proprietors. May 19, 1898, it was consolidated 
with the Chronicle, a weekly paper published by Emerson C. 
Harrington and W. Laird Henry. 

Mr. Michie retired, as did Hon. W. Laird Henry, editor of 
the Chronicle, and the two papers have since been published 
by Harrington, Henry & Co. with Lindsay C. Marshall edi- 
tor and manager. 

NOTED CONFLAGRATIONS. 

Cambridge has severely suffered great loss, by two disas- 
trous fires, and numerous smaller ones. The first conflagra- 
tion took place on November 30, 1882, destroying Christ P. 



78 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

E. Church and other buildings and involving a loss of many 
thousands of dollars. 

The second fire occurred July 30, 1892. Fifteen buildings 
were burnt, including two hotels, two newspaper offices, one 
National bank, several stores and dwellings. The estimated 
loss was $75,000. 

A CITY OF FINE CHURCHES. 

Christ Protestant Episcopal Church was first erected in 
1693, rebuilt in 1794, and was destroyed by fire with many 
other buildings in November, 1882. The present fine edifice 
was completed in 1883, at a cost of $20,000. Rev. T. Carter 
Page is the present rector. 

Zion M. E. Church was built in 1845, and rebuilt in 1881 
of stone and is a structure of modern architecture. Rev. 
E. C. Macnichol is the present pastor. 

Grace M. E. Church South, was built in 1882. It is a 
fine stone edifice of elegant design and finish. The present 
pastor is Rev. R. T. Waterfield. 

St. Paul's M. P. Church, a wooden building logated in 
East Cambridge, was built in 1882. The pastor is Rev. 
S. B. Tredway. 

The First Baptist Church, a neat and attractive building, 
is located in West Cambridge, and was built in 1884. Rev. 
W. S. B. Ford, of South Carolina, is the pastor. 

"Mary Refuge of Sinners," a Roman Catholic church was 
built in 1894, to replace one built there in 1885. This parish 
church and others in the country are in charge of Father 
Dougherty, recently appointed by Bishop Monaghan. 

From Cambridge, a charming city of flower-gardens, 
shaded streets and modern buildings that collectively deco- 
rate a well selected town location; a spot of the Red Men's 
choice where they built their wigwams centuries ago; and 
from its present commercial and industrial activities, we turn 
to other towns in the county that have had less advantages 
and made slower progress. 




GRACE M. E. CHURCH SOUTH. CAMBRIDGE. 



CHAPTER IX. 
VIENNA. 

The date when the town of Vienna, in Dorchester County, 
was founded by Act of Colonial Assembly has not been dis- 
covered in the Archives of Maryland, in either the printed 
or written records. After weeks of tedious research, how- 
ever, it has been ascertained that it was a town for some 
years prior to 1709, when a "Chapel of Ease" was built there, 
very convenient for some people, but not satisfactory to 
others, as is shown by the following- petition presented to 
the Governor and Council of Maryland, at a session held in 
1728. 

"The petitioners of many of the inhabitants in Dorchester 
County, of Great Choptank Parish, most humbly sheweth; 
that in the said Parish the Church thereof is plac^ed on the 
side of Choptank River, a great distance from your Peti- 
tioners, so that they could not possibly attend God's worship. 

"That your petitioners in regard to the great distance to 
the Parish Church aforesaid, did on or about the year 1709, 
by the assistance of the then vestry, and their own contribu- 
tions obtain a Chapel of Ease situated in Vienna Town, by 
the Nanticoke River on the other side of the Parish afore- 
said. 

"Notwithstanding- the peaceable enjoyment of the said 
chapel ever since, as well as convenient situation of it, sev- 
eral endeavours hath been made to remove the same to the 
great inconvenience of your petitioners, and since those 
endeavours have hereto been frustrated by a suitable opposi- 
tion, so your petitioners were in hopes of resting easy and 
quiet in the use of the said Chapel for the future. 

"But so it is. May it please your Excellency and Honors; 
the Vestry of the said Parish of late, to the great surprise 



8o 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



of your Petitioners did make an appointment to meet at a 
certain place in order to choose a piece of land, and contract 
with workmen to erect another Chapel of Ease not distant 
from the former, about five miles, which accordingly they 
have done; although there is no' intervening creek, cove, 
branch or swamp between them whereby the people may be 
incommoded in their passage; by which means, your Peti- 
tioners although not at present, may hereafter by such a 
method be deprived of the above said Chapel at Vienna, 
which they have so long enjoyed. 

"The premises considered, your petitioners humbly entreat 
such relief herein as may prevent the Vestry erecting the new 
Chapel. The securing and repairing the old, or such orders 
and determinations in this matter as in your great wisdoms 
may be for the quiet and ease of your petitioners in their 
possession of their Chapel and preventing designing persons 
giving them uneasiness therein for the future. 

"And your Petitioners as in duty bound shall pray. 



E. D. W. Elliott, 

John Hurley, 

Roger Hurley, 

Darby Hurley, 

Morris McKenney, 

Roger Bradley, 

Thomais Oolson, 

James Baker, 

Charles Smith, 

John Creeke, 

William Smith, 

John Minisk, 

William Guy, 

Nath. Mitchel, 

And. Lord, 

Capt. Johnathan Hooper, 2d, 

May Lew. HicJ^s, 

Capt. Thos. Hicks, 



John Edwards, 
Robert Dyas, 
Thomas Tacket, 
Mich'l Stockdell, 
Isaac Charles, 
Joseph Hurst, 
John Lamey, 
Robert Dixon, 
Wm. Rawley, Jun. 
Jno. Ouartermas, 
Pat. Ouartermas, 
Maurice Rawley, 
William Rawley, 
Solomon Davis, 
Henry Parks, 
Jacob Charles, 
Wm. Thornewell, 
James Jones, 



VIENNA A PORT OF ENTRY 8l 

Wm. Holloway, Mathew Clark, 

Thomas Dyas, James Rawley, 

Henry Dyas, Leonard Jones, Sr. 

"Ordered that the clerk of this Board give notice to the 
Gentlemen of the Vestry of this petition, and that they may 
attend to be heard to the contents thereof at the time of the 
meeting of the next Assembly, which order issued accord- 
ingly." 

OTHER CHURCH REFERENCES. 

In 1725 an Act was passed to invest the vestry of Great 
Choptank Parish with an estate in fee simple, viz : Two acres 
of land out of a parcel of 15 acres laid out for public use at 
tnc town of Vienna, whereon the chapel was buih. Many 
years after the chapel had been abandoned for church wor- 
ship, its old brick walls were the chief memorials of that cem- 
etery then rich with the ashes of the dead. Now lettered 
tablets of stone erected there in later years make it as sacred 
a spot to-day as it was nearly two centuries ago. 

In the year 1730 (see Lib. L., No. 5, Fol. 323), the bounds 
of this parish lot are given as follows : 

"Beginning at the N. E. corner of the chapel aforesaid and 
running east to William Ennalls' ditch; then south 38 deg. 
west 12 perches; then west 38 deg. north 20 perches; north 
38 deg. east 16 perches; then east 38 deg. south 20 perches 
to the said ditch; then bounding therewith until it intersects 
the aforesaid east line drawn from said Chapel, containing 
2 acres of land." 

WHEN MADE A PORT OF ENTRY. 

In April, 1762, an Act was passed to build a public ware- 
house at Vienna. An Act for amending the Tobacco Laws 
was passed in 1763, that designated places for warehouses 
and officers' salaries; and named one location on the land of 
Joshua Edmondson. at Vienna Town. The salary of the 
Inspector was 4800 lbs. of tobacco. 



82 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

In 1768, ill a letter from Robert Jenkins Henry tO' Gov- 
ernor Sharp, reference is made to Mr. Herron's application 
to move the Collector's office from Wicocomoco, at Green 
Hill to Nanticoke as the centre of trade. The inducement 
being his removing his residence from Wicocomoco, in 
Somerset Coimty, to Dorchester County, where he had pur- 
chased a tract of land. The writer entered into a discussion 
to prove "where the rivers and c[reeks ran into the bay as the 
place to locate" the office for collection of aiistoms; after 
which he proceeds; "should the Custom House be moved to 
Vienna, it would by no means be convenient for the trade 
in general. True, more of the common trade goes into the 
Nanticoke than any of the other rivers in the district." 

The exact date of the formation of Vienna into a Custom 
District is not known, but was probably about the year 1768. 

In 1776 it was a thriving place. During the War of Inde- 
pendence, a British gun-boat ascended the Nanticoke River, 
and threw shot into the town. In October, 1781, two British 
barges with crews of thirty men attacked the town and burnt 
a new brig on the stocks there. One of the Dorchester mili- 
tia, Levin Dorsey, was killed by the British in one of these 
attacks. He was the only man who lost his life on Dor- 
chester soil in battle, during the stormy days of the Revolu- 
tion. 

The Viennians were patriotic, they formed a militia com- 
pany for home defence, which was commanded by officers 
whom they did not like, and a majority of them petitioned 
the Committee of Safety for an official change. 

In 181 2 the town was prepared for defence against British 
aggressions. Breast works were thrown up at the saw-mill 
wharf and guns were mounted. A company of militia was 
organized and equipped ready for service. Gun-boats of the 
British were frequently in sight of the town, but made no 
attack, unless throwing an occasional shot at long range be 
so regarded. 



TOWN RESIDENTS 83 

AN ERA OF PEACE. 

Thomas Holliday Hicks made Vienna his home in 1829; 
the large mansion in which he hved still stands; he engaged 
in sail-vessel trade and merchandising. The streets in the 
town were narrow and so^ wet and muddy that carts mired 
in them when used for hauling town and country products. 
Guided by the inspiration of Mr. Hicks, a charter was pro- 
cured for the town and under its provisions new streets were 
opened and old ones repaired. There were no railroads then. 
The old steamer "Maryland," slow as a coach, plowed her 
way twice a week between Baltimore and Cambridge, the lat- 
ter place being 19 miles from Vienna. Otherwise from that 
section the passage to* Baltimore was by Bay schooners. 

Probably the first steamer tO' stop at Vienna was the 
"George Washington;" that event was on the Fourth of July, 
1840, when the steamer took from Baltimore, Reverdy John- 
son, Charles H. Pitt and Thomas Yates Walsh (orators 
whose like do not exist nowadays), with a load of Whig 
excursionists for the great Harrison rally at Barren Creek 
Springs. 

The old "Osires" was the earliest liner between the upper 
Nanticoke and Baltimore; following her was the "Cham- 
pion," next, the "Kent," and others since not necessary to 
name. 

TOWN RESIDENTS. 

Mr. Thomas Holliday Hicks left Vienna in 1840 and re- 
moved to Cambridge, having been appointed Register of 
Wills. 

In 1850 the leading residents were James R. Lewis, vessel 
owner, with large business interests; Isaac Cornwell, likewise 
engaged; the store merchants were Thomas Webb, Thomas 
Higgins, Josiah Kerr and Fletcher E. Marine. Other well 
known citizens were Benton H. Crockett, hotel keeper; Dr. 
Daniel Ewell; Capt. Thomas Henry Webb; Daniel M. Henry; 
Capt. Frank Higgins; Brannock Moore, undertaker; Isaac 
Robinson, cof^n maker; George D. Smith; Wethers Smith; 
Dr. Smithers; Judge Craft; William Venables; Widow Vena- 



84 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

bles; William Hearn, cabinet maker; Garretson Sewell; 
tailor; Burton Hearn, wheelwright; Britain Robinson, car- 
penter; Samuel Keys, shoe maker; Capt. Isaac Kennerly; Eli- 
sha Collins, carpenter; Mrs. Jacobs and two daughters; Squire 
Geo. A. Z. Smith, Rev. Enoch Bailey, school teacher; William 
Jackson; Dr. Jackson; Jacob Insley, constable; John T. Gray, 
undertaker, and Noah Foxwell. Hooper C. Hicks and Zacha- 
riah Webster lived on their farms adjoining the town. There 
were some families in the place of pure African type who had 
the respect; and confidence of their white neighbors. Of 
these were Hooper Jolly, Aaron Hews and Mary Moore. 
Hews was a blacksmith who was accidentally killed by the 
collapse of his shop. All of the above-named town and subur- 
ban citizens, with others, whose names are not herein given 
(except Richard and Weathers Smith), have passed onward 
to the end of life's journey, whither all descend to that com- 
mon plane of lonely retirement — the grave. 

Before Vienna was a town, Hoopersville stood adjoining 
the Vienna, site on the Hicks farm near the ''Sycamore" 
where the boys have gone swimming for centuries. As late 
as 1850 the foundations of a store and warehouse were trace- 
able; the evidence of its existence now is legendary. 

A bridge was authorized to be built at Vienna in 1828 that 
spanned the Nanticoke from the Dorchester shore to the 
Somerset; it had a "draw" that consisted of two sections 
which were hoisted to upright positions, almost vertical, to 
admit the passing- of sail and steam vessels through the 
bridge, and lowered to close the draw for travel over it. It 
was such a menace to navigation that it was removed in i860. 
A ferry has been established across the river as a substitute 
for the bridge, which connects with a causeway over a mile 
long across a treacherous marsh on the Wicomico side of the 
river. The marsh reminds us of Squire Geo. J. Z. Smith, a 
native of South Carolina, who settled at Vienna about eighty 
years ago. He spent his money liberally in constructing rice 
fields in the marsh near Indian-town Creek. He dug what 
is called "Smith's Ditch" from the mainland to the Nanti- 



COLLECTORS OF THE PORT OF VIENNA 85 

coke; since then the tides have washed it deep and wide. His 
experiment failed; the seasons of hot weather were not suf- 
ficiently long tO' ripen the rice. 

Mr. Richard Smith, of Baltimore, a native of Vienna, who 
was during the Greenback Movement that party's candidate 
for Mayor of Baltimore, is a son of the late Squire Smith. 

Col. Thomas S. Hodson of Baltimore, is also a native of 
Vienna. He and William M. Marine attended the same 
school. at that place. 

COLLECTORS OF THE PORT OF VIENNA. 

After the adoption of the Federal Constitution in 1788 and 
the United States Government had established Customs Reg- 
ulations for the collection of revenues. Collectors of Customs 
who were commissioned Inspectors of the Revenue also were 
appointed by the Federal Government for Vienna at the time 
named, and in the following order : 

John Muir, March 21, 1791. 

James Frazier, February 20, 1795. 

Algernon Sidney Stanford. January 29, 1805. 

James Ennalls, July i, 1808. 

John Ennalls, December 6, 1808. 

Charles Leary, March 31, 1830. 

Charles Leary, April 28, 1834. 

Charles Leary, March 15, 1838. 

Benton H. Crockett, March 31, 1842. 

Benton H. Crockett, May 8, 1846. 

Hooper C. Hicks, April 30, 1849. 

Hooper C. Hicks, August 29, 1850. 

George A. Z. Smith, March 16, 1853. 

William S. Jackson, March 6, 1858. 

Daniel J. Waddell, July 23, 1861. 

James F. Webb, February 19. 1866. 

VIENNA OF TO-DAY. 

Vienna has excellent public schools and school buildings, 
four churches, one Episcopal, one Baptist, one Methodist 



86 • HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Protestant and one Methodist Episcopal, all well supplied 
with able ministers who attract fine congregations. It now 
has traveling and shipping advantages by rail. The Balci- 
more and Eastern Shore Railroad (now the Baltimore, Ches- 
apeake and Atlantic Railway) connects Vienna with Baltimore 
and Ocean City. It touches the suburbs of the town near the 
old Sycamore. Steam mills for manufacturing lumber, flour 
and meal do a thriving business; fine stores of general mer- 
cliandise command active enterprise and the town is alive 
with a thrifty population of 500 citizens.^ 



^ To Hon. Wm. M. Marine, ex-Collector of the Port of Baltimore, 
much credit is due for history given in this sketch of Vienna and its 
people. 



CHAPTER X. 

EAST NEW MARKET — HURLOCK — AIREYS — BUCKTOWN — LINKWOOD. 

EAST NEW MARKET. 

{By Miss Pitf^k Jacobs. \ 

East New Market, a town of about 600 inhabitants, is sit- 
uated twelve miles from Cambridge and one mile from the 
head of Warwick River, once known as Secretary Creek, a 
tributary of the Great Choptank. It is a thriving village and 
is surrounded by some of the best farming land in the 
county. The farmers of this section of the county have 
ceased, however, to depend upon the usual staples and now 
raise peaches, melons, berries and other fruits and vegeta- 
bles. The canning and shipping of these products form the 
principal industries here and give employment to some hun- 
dreds of men, women, boys and girls. 

Each religious denomination here of any significance has a 
very creditable church. Almost annually the Methodist Epis- 
copals hold a camp-meeting at the old historic place, En- 
nalls' Camp Ground, about five miles from town. The 
Methodist Protestants camp nearly every year at Shiloh, 
about one mile away. The oldest church in the town is the 
Episcopal; the present building is the third one erected here. 
The foundation stones of the first one, which was built before 
the Revolution of 1776, are now lying opposite the old site. 

The old New Market Academy, which was incorporated in 
1829, has since become a part of the State Public School Sys- 
tem, and is now known as the East New Market High 
School. Its reputation is of the best, and its graduates dur- 
mg the time when Dr. James L. Bryan was Superintendent 
of the County Schools, were placed on the roll of eligible 
teachers without further examination. 



88 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

East New Market is growing- and is especially well situated 
for progressive enterprise, being surrounded by productive 
farms, and has shipping facilities by the B. C. & A. R. R., 
three miles distant, the C. & S. within one mile, and daily 
lines of steamers on the Choptank River, one mile away, to 
Baltimore. 

The present town development is not the work of any 
active immigration, but under old names with new energies 
the village flourishes; of them we note Webster, Thompson, 
Hooper, Hicks, Wright, LeCompte, Thomas, Smith, An- 
drews, and Jacobs, who are still to the front as merchants, 
farmers or professionals. From the older ones much inter- 
esting history may be heard of the old days, when the cross- 
roads tavern here would be filled with travelers from the 
upper tO' the lower peninsula or vice-versa. Frequently did 
traders from Delaware and New Jersey meet here who came 
to sell negroes or exchange horses. 

Iron staples are still shown here in one building to which 
slave negroes were chained for safe keeping until sold or to 
await the purchaser's time when ready to convey them 
South for service in the cotton fields of Georgia. 

One of the oldest tanning firms in Maryland for many 
,years was located on what is now Main Street. Tanning 
leather was then an important and profitable industry, when 
Dorchester County was almost a dense forest of oak, from 
which tan bark was obtained cheap and plentiful. This town 
has always been noted for its healthfulness. Though within 
a mile of Warwick River, it is free from those pests in other 
parts of the county — malaria and mosquitoes. 

Subjoined is an illustration of an old home of one of the 
Hooper families of East New Market. It is now the summer 
home of William Hooper, a descendant of Henry Hooper 
(i), (2) and (3), of the colonial period. 

Accompanying is an obscure view of the home of the late 
Dr. Edmondson, in East New Market. He was a de- 
scendant of one of the oldest families in the county, who 
were large land holders, influential and enterprising people. 



HURLOCK 89 

The first to settle in Dorchester County was John Edmond- 
son, who came from Talbot County about 1665, when he took 
up and had surveyed the following tracts of land: "Provi- 
dence," 1300 acres, surveyed February 12, 1665, for John 
Edmondson, on the south side of Great Choptank River, in 
the woods; given by John Edmondson, by will, to his son, 
James Edmondson. "Edmondson's Reserve," 1050 acres, 
surveyed August 26, 1665, for John Edmondson, on the 
south side of Great Choptank, about two miles above the 
dividing. "Skipton," 200 acres, surveyed July 16, 1669, for 
John Edmondson, at the head of Fox Creek. He also pur- 
chased other tracts. (See Dorchester County Rent Rolls.) 
They first settled in Virginia before locating in Talbot. The 
Talbot branch of the family were members of the Society of 
Friends or Quakers. 

HURLOCK. 

The origin of Hurlock, a new and attractive town in the 
upper section of the county, was the location of a railroad 
station at that point on the Dorchester and Delaware Rail- 
road (now the Cambridge and Seaford Railroad), in 1867. 
The first storehouse there was built in 1869 by John M. Hur- 
lock, who also built the first dwelling there in 1872. Then 
a beautiful forest of oak surrounded the station on all sides 
and Methodist camp-meetings were annually held in a charm- 
ing section of that picturesque woodland. 

James M. Andrews sold the first town lot for $25. Wil- 
liam W. Howith built the second dwelling there in 1885. 
After Mr. Howith built, the following gentlemen, viz : T. 
W. Noble, Henry Sinclair, B. F. Carroll, Thos. I. Wright, 
Thos. Hackett, each built dw^ellings about 1887. and James 
A. Dean built a hotel. The town continued to grow, 
and was incorporated in 1893. Stores of all description now 
number 15, hotels two, one flour mill, one saw mill, one box 
factory, employing twenty men; two canneries, one cream- 
ery, one machine shop, and the Hurlock Drop Forge Com- 
pany, comprise the principal industrial enterprises. Wm. H. 
Stevens is Postmaster. The town has two churches, Meth- 



90 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

odist Episcopal and Methodist Protestant; two physicians, 
Dr. H. F. Nicols and Dr. G. A. Haefner. 

The building- of the B. C. & A. R. R., which crosses the 
Cambridge and Seaford Road at this point, in 1890, gave the 
town of Hurlock a live boom; it now contains 450 inhab- 
itants, and is thriftily developing. 

AIREYS. 

Aireys is a little village and railroad station on the Cam- 
bridge and Seaford Railroad, five miles from Cambridge. It 
contains about seventy-five inhabitants, one M. E. Church 
South, two stores and post office, and one public school. 

At this place the first Methodist sermon in Dorchester 
County was preached at the home of Henry Airey by Free- 
born Garrettson in 178 1. In that neighborhood he was ar- 
rested and confined in Cambridge jail for several weeks, 
being charged with preaching a religious doctrine of John 
Wesley, who was said to be a Tory at that time. 

BUCKTOWN. 

Bucktown is an inland hamlet, situated near the central 
part of Dorchester County, twelve miles from Cambridge 
and five miles from a railroad station. A fertile farming 
country surrounds it. Two stores, one M. E. church and 
about forty people in ten or twelve dwellings measure the 
size of that quiet town where the ring of the hammer on the 
blacksmith's anvil is no more heard. 

LINKWOOD. 

Linkwood is a railroad station on the Cambridge and Sea- 
ford Railroad, about eight miles from Cambridge. It con- 
tains one M. E. church, one public school, one store of gen- 
eral merchandise, a post ofifice and a few family dwellings. 
It is in a fertile farming district, in which grain, fruit and veg- 
etables are extensively raised. The most important industry 
is the fruit and vegetable canning plant owned by Mrs. Belle 
F. Turpin and operated by Roberts Bros., of Baltimore. 




EDMONDSON HOUSE, EAST NEW MARKET. 



CHAPTER XL 

WILLIAMSBURG AND WILLIAMSBURG DISTRICT — CROTCHER's FERRY (bROOK- 
VIEW) — GALESTOWN — FORK DISTRICT— THE LEES OF VIRGINIA ON NORTH 
WEST FORK RIVER — OTHER FAMILIES. 

WILLIAMSBURG AND WILLIAMSBURG DISTRICT. 

The little hamlet, Williamsburg, situated on the Cam- 
bridge and Seaford Railroad, about twenty miles from Cam- 
bridge, is in Williamsburg district, which was a part of East 
New Market district but laid out for a new election district 
in 1859. The first election in the district was held at Wil- 
liamsburg in i860. The town is not of colonial origin, 
though its original name was Bunker's Hill. Henry Jones, 
who was a school teacher, land surveyor and farmer in a 
small way, built the first house there in 1804. He was the 
grandfather of the author of this village sketch. As founder 
of the town, his house was small in size and plain in construc- 
tion, described by Enoch Lowe, Esq., who saw it when he 
was a boy. The first business started there was by a wheel- 
wright, John Woolen, who made spinning wheels for spin- 
ning flax and wool, as well as cart wheels for the farmers' 
carts. 

The next indispensable business started there was a whiskey 
and rum shop, in which were sold a few groceries for the 
appearance of decency. The inducements to engage in that 
traffic were no doubt the profits derived from the liquor sales. 
This store with its stimulating stock of merchandise attracted 
many patrons. They came from towards the "Bridge," north; 
from "Puckum," east of the "North West Fork," and from 
"Grubbing Neck." along the Caroline border. When repre- 
sentatives from those rival neighborhoods met and partook 
of a few glasses of rum or whiskey, the pride of their man- 
hood rose to a premium, challenges were frequently made to 
test the superiority of their fighting abilities, some of whom 



92 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

were ever ready to fight a rival. The frequent meeting of 
those disturbing factions and their conduct at that place gave 
it such a notorious reputation that it was named "Bunkers 
Hill." Under such evil influences the town made no advance- 
ment except in building fences and hog-pens of slabs to such 
an extent that the neighborhood people changed the name 
of the town to^ "Slabtown." This so incensed one of its cit- 
izens, John Woolen, that he petitioned the Legislature about 
1840 to change the name of the place to Williamsburg, which 
was done. 

Soon after the Dorchester and Delaware Railroad was 
completed and a depot established at Williamsburg, town im- 
provements were begun, but its growth has been slow. Now 
there are two stores of general merchandise, one cabinet and 
wheelwright shop, one steam flouring mill, one fruit and veg- 
etable cannery, one public school, one M. E. church (see il- 
lustration), and about twenty-five dwellings wdiich may be 
included within town limits. 

Some of the early settlers in that part of the county before 
it was named East New Market district were Nathaniel Med- 
ford, born in 1758, and Rebecca Medford in 1755; William 
Bonner and Margaret Bonner, whose daughter Rachel was 
born in 1744; William Lowe, great-grandfather of Enoch 
Lowe, who had a special warrant granted for resurvey of land 
called "Taylor's Neglect," in 1758, and some vacant land 
adjoining "to be holden of the Nanticoke Manor." (This 
shows the great extent of Nanticoke Manor up the "North 
West Fork.") Later WiHiam Lowe, grandson of William, 
had resurveyed and patented "Lowe's Literest," in 1788, 
which was the late home of Celia Bush (Murphy), who lived 
there alone and was murdered by a negro, April 7, 1884, for 
her money. This land adjoined "Lockerman's Manor" of 
1000 acres. 

Next, the Corkran family, of whom James Corkran is men- 
tioned, whose son John was born November 11, 1788, and 
died November 18, 1836. He married Nancy Medford, Sep- 
tember 25, 18 10, daughter of Nathaniel and Rebecca Med- 




WILLIAMSBURG M. E. CHURCH. 



CROTCH ER S FERRY 93 

ford. The first son of John and Nancy (Medford) Corkran 
was John Burton Corkran, born August 17, 18 12, died April 
6, 1899. He married Ann L. Syrock December 16, 1840. 

Descendants of these families are now living on or near the 
premises owned by their early ancestors. Of the Lowe's, 
Enoch Lowe, a Justice of the Peace for the last twenty-eight 
years, excepting two years, still resides on the old home- 
stead. George, John R. and Joseph B. Corkran are farmers 
on and near their father's late premises, and F. P. Corkran, 
another son of John B., is merchandising and milling at Wil- 
liamsburg; he was a member of the House of Delegates from 
Dorchester County in 1900. Nathaniel and Robert W^ , 
Medford, of the Medford family, are prosperous farmersY 
nearby. ' 

* * * John Woolen, the wheelwright, committed sui- 
cide by hanging himself in his workshop. August 18, 1854. 

Descendants of the Hubberts, Paynes, Browns and a few 
others of old families are still living in that section. 

In the War of 18 12 the people of that neighborhood were 
patriotic; a company of militia was raised there that belonged 
to the Eleventh Regiment of Dorchester County, the officers 
were John Rowens, Captain; Arthur Lowe, Lieutenant; 
David Andrew, Ensign. 

CROTCHER'S FERRY. 
(BROOKVIEW.) 

On the North W^est Fork of the Nanticoke River, before 
Nanticoke hundred was outlined, a ferry, not a town, was es- 
tablished in 1 67 1, at the same time when the Assembly passed 
an Act for keeping- Dover Ferry across the Choptank River. 
Those ferries were on the route of travel between Somerset, 
Dorchester, Talbot and Kent Counties. 

The first public house located at Crotcher's Ferry was an 
"Ordinary" where liquors were sold. Its influence on society 
in that section was many years in advance of church organiza- 
tion, and gave the place a notorious reputation for drunken- 



94 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

ness and fighting-, especially on Saturdays, when the sailors, 
fishermen and landsmen met for soc;ial drinks and square 
knockdowns. This place well maintained its reputation for 
150 years, where travelers passing that way could get a pint 
of whiskey for a "fips-penny-bit," and a fight for nothing. 
As late as 1850, when religious influences had spread about 
there, the "Ferry" had not fully reformed; boatmen in their 
fleet of barges with jugs for a zveek's supply always made 
their run on Saturdays to the river shore of the village next 
to the liquor stores. With all the bad record of this place 
it had a brisk vessel-trade in wood, lumber and grain, and a 
shipyard where sail vessels were built. Coasting and bay 
vessels were owned there from the days when James Billings 
had the ship "Rider" built on the Nanticoke in 1738. 

While the "Ferry" has lost much of its vessel and lumber 
trade, it has grown in population, risen high in social and 
moral standing, and is an attractive place, whose citizens are 
highly esteemed for their benevolence, religious devotion 
and refined home life. 

Crotcher's Ferry, now named Brookview, has two stores, 
about thirty-five dwelling houses and 130 inhabitants. The 
men of the village are chiefly sailors and fishermen. 

GALESTOWN. 

Galestown, a little cluster of modest dwellings situated in 
the southeastern part of Fork District, about two iniles from 
the Nanticoke River, is inhabited by an industrious popula- 
tion, the descendants from the original white settlers on the 
Eastern Shore, and adjacent part of Delaware, a mixture of 
French and English, like those who inhabit the district, noted 
for their plain habits and absolute freedom from grave 
ofifences. 

The quickening influence of the locomotive whistles is too 
far away to excite commotion in this town on the arrival 
of trains at the nearest railroad station. Only steamboats 
on the river induce the people to make use of rapid transit 
in their business with the outside world. The grist-mill and 



A 



FORK DISTRICT 95 

village store served them for a hundred years with domestic 
conveniences apparently suitable to that period, when fish- 
ing, sailing, and lumbering were the business occupations for 
family support. Late enterprises established there for fruit 
and vegetable canning and other business, has put new life 
in the town. 

FORK DISTRICT. 

Fork District, one of the eight Election Districts of Dor- 
chester County, laid out in 1829, was an early settled section, 
mostly along the Nanticoke River on its eastern boundary, 
and the North West Fork River, that divided what was then 
called Nanticoke hundred. Until 1684 Somerset County 
claimed all that part of Nanticoke hundred lying east of the 
North West Fork branch of the Nanticoke. In. November 
of that year, the Council of Maryland appointed a Commis- 
sion, Col. William Stevens, Capt. Henry Smith, Bartholomew 
Ennalls and Charles Hutchins, to settle the bounds between 
Somerset and Dorchester Counties. They decided that the 
North East branch is the main stream of the Nanticoke 
River, and therefore the boundary between the counties, 
which had been for years in dispute. Some of the people 
then living in North West Fork claimed to be citizens of 
Somerset, and others to be living in Dorchester. , 

While the Fork district is not noted for any important 
towns, it is reputed for being the home of some distinguished 
and prominent families. 

"Rehoboth," on the North West Fork River, a largeN 
plantation about seven miles from Federalsburg, was the 
home of some of the Lees, in colonial days, members 
of the Lee family of Virginia, one of the most promi- 
nent and influential families that ever came to America. 
A brief sketch of that noted family is here given tO' show 
the connecting line of the Lees of Virginia to those of 
"Rehoboth." 

"Richard Lee" (i) (first generation), "of a good family in 
Shropshire, near Bridgeworth, the seat of Launcelot Lee, 



7 



V-;, 



96 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Esq. some time in the Reign of Charles the first went over 
to the colony of Virginia, as Secretary, and one of the King's 
Privy Council * ^ * "When he got tO' Virginia, which 
was at that time not much cultivated, he was so pleased 
with the country that he made large settlements there with 
the servants he had carried over; after some years he gave 
away all the lands he had taken up and settled at his own 
expense, to those servants he had fixed on them, and then 
returned to England. * * * He came again tO' Vir- 
ginia with a fresh band of adventurers, all of whom he settled 
there." This Richard Lee "settled first in York County, 
proven by the grant of 1000 acres, dated August 10, 1642. 
The patent states that this land was due 'unto the said Rich- 
ard Lee, by and for his own p'sonal adventure his wife Ann,' 
and others.^ He represented York County as a Burgess in 
1647, ^"^^ i" 165 1." He was interested in commerce as well 
as agriculture; "in his will he bequeathed his interest in two 
ships to his son Francis Lee." From his home in York 
County, he next settled on Dividing Creeks, in Northumber- 
land County on the Potomac River, where he was granted 
in 1 65 1, 800 acres, and in 1656, 600 acres; was also granted 
other tracts of land. "While in England with his wife and 
children in 1663, he made his will, and died in Virginia in 
1664." His children were: 

SECOND GENERATION. 

1. "Joh" (2)' eldest son, and heir-at-law, died unmarried," 
of whom further. 

2. "Richard (2). After the death of John he became heir- 
at-law. From him the 'Stratford' line descended," of whom 
further. 

3. "Francis (2), settled in London, died there and left 
issue." 

4. "William (2), married; probably left no male issue." 

5. "Hancock (2), married and left issue, from whom the 
'Ditchley' line are descended." 

6. Elizabeth (2), no data. 



LAND OWNED BY CAPT. JOHN LEE AND OTHERS 97 

7. Annie (2), married Thomas Youell, of Nominy; left 
issue. 

8. Cliaries (2), married and left issue, from which the 
"Cobbs Hall" line are descended. 

SKETCH OF THE SECOND GENERATION. 

"John (2), the eldest son of Richard (2) and Anna Lee, 
was born about 1645, 'i^ Capohowasick, Wickacomoco, in 
Northern Neck of Virginia,' as he himself stated." He was 
educated at Oxford, entered Queen's College, as a commoner 
on the 2d of July, 1658, and graduated an A.B. on the 30th of 
April, 1662. (Probably studied medicine; his father made 
provision to that effect in his will.) While at Oxford, he 
presented a silver cup to his college, "weighing 14 oz — 3 dwt. 
now preserved in Queen's College, Oxford." In 1666, he 
(Capt. John Lee) had settled in Westmoreland County, Va., 
where he was a member of a committee for the defence of the 
Northern Neck of Virginia, from Indians; and was appointed 
High Sheriff of Westmoreland, in 1672. He was the owner of 
much land, about 16,000 acres, of which he owned some in 
Dorchester County, proven by land records, here described, 

LAND IN FORK DISTRICT OWNED BY CAPT. JOHN LEE 
AND OTHERS OF THAT FAMILY. 

"Rehoboth, 2350 acres, surveyed for Capt. John Lee, 
March 31, 1673; patented to him June 24, 1673, situate, 
lying and being on the East side of Chesapeake Bay, in a 
River called Nanticoke, on the North side of the said River, 
in the first North-West forke of the said river." (See Land 
Office Records, Annapolis, Md.) 

In the fall of 1673, Capt. John Lee died, and this land was 
heired by his brother, Richard Lee {Col. Richard Lee), of 
"Mount Pleasant," Virginia, a very distinguished man, who 
"was educated at Oxford, and spent almost his whole life in 
study, and usually wrote his notes in Greek, Hebrew or 
Latin," and was appointed to- numerous offices. He died 
on the I2th day of March, 1714, in the 68th year of his age. 



98 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

His will was probated in Westmoreland County. April 27, 
1714, and by it devised many thousand of acres of land in Vir- 
ginia and Maryland, as well as many slaves, to his heirs. The 
land in Dorchester that he heired from his brother, Capt. 
John Lee, he willed as follows : 

"Item, I give to my son Phillip and his heirs forever a 
tract of land in Dorchester County on the Eastern Shoar 
in Maryland and on the North West fork of Nanticoke river 
containing 1300 acres more or less and bounded as follows. 
Beginning at the upper corner of a larger dividend of land 
I have there, at a marked hickory and red oak upon the side 
of said fork of Nanticoke * * * thence W. by S. 214 
poles to the river or fork side which line divides my now 
seated plantation in two parts. * * * Item, I give 
to my son Thomas and his heirs forever the residue of all 
my lands in the North West fork of the Nanticoke river in 
Dorchester County in the Province of Maryland. * * * 
[If then his seated plantation some of his family occupied it, 
evidently shown by the following bequests.] Item, I give 
to my son Philip these negroes, * * * y^j^j-j Carpenter 
Jack and Ralph at the Eastern Shoar. Item, I give to my 
son Henry these following negros (vig't.) Betty Phill Harry 
and Sarah Beck's children Prue Betty's and Ned all at home 
Sharp at the Eastern Shoar." 

Philip Lee (3) (of the third generation), who lived in Prince 
George's County, Maryland, died in 1744; he willed his part 
of "Rehoboth" in Dorchester County to his sons as follows: 

"Carbon Lee, 200 acres called 'Rehoboth,' John and 
George, 600 acres called 'Rehoboth' in North West fork of 
Nanticoke, to be equally divided between them. Francis, 
200 acres, part of a tract called 'Rehoboth,' aforesaid. I 
give to my grandson Philip Lee, 200 acres, part of 'Reho^ 
both.' " 

"President" Thomas Lee (3), ol "Stratford," son of Rich- 
ard Lee (2), died at Stratford in Westmoreland, on the Poto- 
mac River, in November, 1770. He was the father of 
Richard Henry Lee, and Francis Lightfoot Lee, of Revolu- 




LEE MANSION (COLONIAL^. NORTH WEST FORK RIVER. 



LAND OWNED BY CAPT. JOHN LEE AND OTHERS 99 

denary fame (both were signers of the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence). In their father's will, ''Rehoboth," the 1300 
acres owned by him, were bequeathed to his eldest son, and 
entailed on his second and third sons in case of failure of male 
heirs by them, in order devised. 

Richard Lee (4), the first son, died unmarried, before his 
father. 

Philip Ludwell Lee (4), the second son, became the owner, 
heir-at-law of "Rehoboth." He had two daughters, and a 
son that died in infancy. What disposition was made of his 
share of "Rehoboth" is not mentioned. 

Francis Lee (4), son of Phillip Lee (3), was living on his 
plantation, a part of "Rehoboth," in 1745, and was a member 
of the Assembly of Maryland that year, when he moved to 
Cecil County, Maryland, and offered to lease his "late Man- 
sion House on the North West fork of the Nanticoke River." 
(Md. Gazette, 30th January, 1747-48.) He died in 1749 and 
devised his land in Dorchester County, as follows : 

"I give to my son Francis Leonard Lee (5), all my dwelling 
plantation in Dorset County, called 'Rehoboth.' To my 
son, Lancelot Richard Thos. Lee, a tract of land called 
'Lee's Purchase,' containing 317 acres, on the Northeast fork 
of the Nanticoke River." He gave his wife, Elizabeth (Holly- 
day) Lee, 50 acres on the Nanticoke, "where the ship was 
built," and two tracts of land bought of John Smith, adjoin- 
ing "Rehoboth," to his son, Francis Leonard Lee. 

It is not shown so far as we have examined that Richard 
Henry Lee, and Francis Lightfoot Lee, sons of Col. Thomas 
Lee (3), of "Stratford." ever shared ownership in "Reho- 
both," with their brother, Philip Ludwell Lee, though Let- 
tice Corbin Lee, a sister, did. 

Like the great plantations, "Mount Pleasant," "Stratford," 
"Chantelly" and "Paradise," of the Lees of Virginia, has 
"Rehoboth" of Dorchester County, passed out of their pos- 
sessions. 

The land records of Dorchester County show that "Lettice 
Corbin Lee, of Harford County, Md., in 1787, sold to John 
L.ofC. 



lOO HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Smoot, a tract of land called "Rehoboth," containing 200 
acres, on the North West Fork of Nanticoke River, which 
"descended to her upon the death of her brother Philip Lee." 
^ Major Frank Turpin, first a Captain in the Militia of Dor- 
chester County during the Revolutionary War, became the 
owner of that part of "Rehoboth" on which the Lee Man- 
sion now stands, a fine old brick building still in an excellent 
state of preservation, now about one hundred and seventy- 
five years old. Major Turpin lived there for many years, 
where he dispensed lavish hospitality tO' many a social guest 
within its spacious halls. Balls, so popular eighty or ninety 
years ago, were continued for twO' or three days at a time at 
his home, where music and wine kept merry, handsome men 
and maidens fair through many a mazy dance. 

Some of those men had been in the War of 181 2, and others 
had served in the Eleventh Regiment of the Dorchester Mili- 
tia, under Captain Minos Adams, Lieutenant Solomon Davis 
and Ensisrn Robert Medford. 



CHAPTER XII. 

CHURCH CREEK— WOOLFORD — MADISON — TAYLOR'S ISLAND — HOOPER's 
ISLAND — LAKES — STRAITS. 

CHURCH CREEK. 

About seven miles southeast of Cambridge, at the head of 
Church Creek, an arm of Fishing Creek, which is a tributary 
of Little Choptank River, an old town is situated named 
Church Creek. Tradition claims that it is older than Cam- 
bridge; that a few families settled there about the time the 
Protestant Episcopal Church was built on Church Creek, 
in Dorchester Parish; but the Land Records of the county 
show no evidence of the sale of town lots there before 1700. 
The location of the first church in the county, so. finely con- 
structed in that early period, at the central point of the 
county's population, led to the estabhshment of a little hamlet 
near it, first named Dorchester town; secondly. White 
Haven; and lastly Church Creek, which it still retains. 

This inland point at the head of navigable water, bounded 
by vast forests of large white oak and pine timber, was very 
early selected for shipbuilding, an industry begun there prior 
to 1767, in which year reference is made to "land adjoining 
the 'Ship yard.' " Of the earliest shipbuilders there is no 
record. In later years the Dixons, Linthicums and Jas. A. 
Stewart, were extensive builders of vessels there. This enter- 
prise alone in the early part of the eighteenth century was 
quite sufificient to attract ship carpenters to settle there, and 
which made a prosperous village 150 years ago. When 
convenient ship timber became scarce and activity in ves- 
sel building declined about forty-five or fifty years ago, 
town growth and prosperity were checked, and since have 
not been revived for want of established industries. As 
a substitute for employment, more of the town men became 
sailors, and others engaged in oystering on the Bay and rivers 



I02 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

near by. To-day, the town and surrounding country people 
sustain eight or nine stores of general merchandise kept 
there, one M. E. Church and Minister, and the Old Protes- 
tant Episcopal Church and rector. Lately a fruit and vege- 
table canning house has been built there, and is now in suc- 
cessful operation. If other industries follow the cannery, 
and the projected Cambridge and Chesapeake Railroad is 
built, a new life may revive the old town and its passive four 
hundred. 

WOOLFORD. 

The village of Woolford, twO' miles west of the town of 
Church Creek, situated on Church Creek, a tributary of Little 
Choptank River, is quite an old place, that has had three 
names in its history. About twenty-five years ago it was 
called Milton, named by the Postoffice Department as a 
postoffice. For 150 years prior tO' that time, it was called 
Loomtown; tradition says, because the "industrious matrons 
there in every household had a weaver's loom." The influ- 
ence that introduced looms there and elsewehere in Dor- 
chester and Somerset Counties, was an Act of Assembly 
passed in 1682, that authorized County Court Commission- 
ers to pay six pounds of tobacco for every yard of linen 
woven, which was three-quarters of a yard wide; and for 
woolen cloth, ten pounds of tobacco. It 1697, this Act was 
repealed and measures adopted to suppress domestic manu- 
facturing to prevent reduction of imported merchandise 
necessary for the use of the colonists, and profitable to Eng- 
lish exporters. 

Descendants of some of the first settlers of Loomtown are 
still there and in that locality. Two hundred years ago the 
Woolfords. Millses. Brannocks, Skinners and Joneses were 
residents of the old place, now known as Woolford, that 
has a population of about one hundred people; two stores, 
one church, and the "village blacksmith" shop. 

Near Woolford, on the road to Church Creek, is an old 
windmill, that was used for grinding corn into meal probably 
a hundred years ago. (See illustration.) 



MADISON 103 

MADISON. 

The town of Madison lies west from Cambridge, about 
twelve miles, on Tobacco Stick Bay, a tributary of Little 
Choptank River. The first name given the little village was 
"Tobaco Stick;" oral tradition says, from the feat of an 
Indian who jumped across the channel at the mouth of the 
cove with the aid of a "tobacco stick," some time in early 
colonial days, when escaping from some white people who 
were pursuing him. 

This town has made a very slow growth; its business re- 
sources for support of the inhabitants for more than a hun- 
dred years, were a wood and timber trade and shipbuilding. 
For the last twenty-five years, oystering has become a sub- 
stitute for town support in the place of the diminished enter- 
prises in timber getting and shipbuilding. 

In 1809, an Act of Assembly was passed that permitted 
Joseph Stewart, an enterprising farmer and vessel builder, 
to dig a canal from Parson's Creek, through White Marsh, 
to connect with Tobacco Stick Bay, at Tobacco Stick, for 
the purpose of lightering wood and timber from a large 
tract of timberland, that the canal also drained. As early as 
1760, it was known as a village; among its first inhabitants 
were Roger Woolford, William Jones and John Harrington. 

Before the day of churches there, religious services were 
held at John Harrington's house. The oldest person living 
there now is John E. Harrington, whoi is a descendant of 
John Harrington, above-named. In this town are three 
churches, one M. E., one M. E. South, and one M. P. church; 
three general merchandise stores; one large fruit and vege- 
table cannery. The town is the home of several captains 
of Bay trading sail vessels that belong there. It has a popu- 
lation of about 300 inhabitants. 

DOCTORS. 

Of the ])hysicians who once lived at Tobacco Stick, the 
earliest now remembered by Mr. John E. Harrington, were 
Drs. Pratt and Rich. Dr. Harrison also practiced there. 



I04 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Madison has long had the benefit of a prominent and skill- 
ful physician, who still resides there, Dr. Benj. L. Smith, 
whose tact in politics has almost eclipsed his splendid pro- 
fessional record. He has been an honored member, of the 
House of Delegates, Senate of Maryland, and for the last 
three sessions of the Legislature, has been Chief Clerk of the 
House of Delegates. 

TAYLOR'S ISLAND 

These districts, while they have no regularly organized 
towns, are densely populated in parts lying near the Bay and 
rivers, in which are valuable oyster beds. 

Taylor's Island is about six miles long, lying parallel with 
Chesapeake Bay, on the western border of the county, and 
separated from the mainland by Slaughter Creek, and from 
Hooper's Island by Punch Island Creek. Colonists from St. 
Mary's and Calvert Counties settled on this island ten years 
before the County of Dorchester was laid out. Thomas 
Taylor, after whom the island was named, Raymond Staple- 
fort, Francis Armstrong and John Taylor, were among the 
early settlers, who cleared the land of timber and made fine 
farms there. The cultivation of tobacco and corn was the 
principal employment and the chief products raised for sup- 
port of the people during the first century of the colony. 

From the year 1700, timber and lumber trade increased 
for the next 150 years to^ the extent of a profitable industry. 
Soon thereafter catching oysters for sale in city markets 
rapidly became a paying business, and is still a trade of much 
activity. The revenue derived from oysters has added valu- 
able and attractive improvements to this section of the 
county. On the island are three fine churches, large stores, 
canneries, and fine dwellings, the homes of well-to-do and 
cultured people. 

HOOPER'S ISLAND. 

Hooper's Island lies south of Taylor's Island. It is about 
twenty miles in length, though now divided by two navigable 



LAKES 105 

thoroughfares. It is separated from the mainland by Honga 
River, Its first settlers, like those who' settled on Taylor's 
Island, came from the Western Shore. One of them, 
Henry Hooper, owned much of the island, consisting of 
numerous tracts of land, aggregating at that time 2340 acres. 
On the upper end of the island, then known as Meekin's 
Neck, a Catholic settlement was made prior to 1692; there 
the first Catholic church in the county was built. Descen- 
dants from a number of this religious colony through suc- 
cessive generations have lived there and still retain the names 
and lands of their ancestors. Farming, fishing, sailing and 
oystering have been the successive vocations of these island- 
ers. To-day oysters are the main source upon which they de- 
pend for a living and business. The inhabitants are thickly 
settled on small lots of land, in nice houses that show from a 
distance like suburban villages. Agencies that make them 
almost as one social community are good stores, nice 
churches, public schools and dependent business interests. 

LAKES. 

Lakes was unknown as a political division of the county 
until 1829, but in the Revolution of 1776 that section was 
called "Lakes," after the prominent and patriotic Lake fami- 
lies, who then lived there, though it was a part of Straits 
hundred. 

Some of the earliest settlers in that section were the 
Keenes, Hoopers, Gootees, Insleys and Shentons. Its vast 
tracts of oak and pine timber of old growth were the last in 
the county to fall before the lumberman's axe. 

Some places in and bordering Lakes have peculiar names; 
there is "Golden Hill," but no gold; "Hunger" River, but 
always full; "Blackwater" River, but never black; "World's 
End" Creek, but no' end of the world visible there. Some 
places were given town names, but no towns grew at Lakes 
Ville, Hungerford or Woodlandtown. The modern name 
of Crapo represents only one store, post of^fice, a vegetable 



Io6 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

cannery and five dwellings. The chief occupations of the 
people in the district are farming and oystering. 

STRAITS. 

When the county was laid off into eight election districts, 
Straits retained its original name, first called Straits hundred. 
At present the mainland extends from the southern boun- 
dary of Lakes to Bishop's Head, about twelve miles distant. 
The remainder of the district includes Elliott's Island, Clay 
Island and Sandy Island, separated from the mainland by 
Fishing Bay, and Bloodsworth Island and Holland's Island, 
south of Hooper's Straits. As early as 1660 settlements 
were made near Hooper's Straits, then called "Limbo"' 
Straits, so named by Captain John Smith, who was caught in 
a severe storm there during his exploring expedition in 1608. 
He says the storm blew away their sails, which were repaired 
by using the shirts of his crew. Honga River that lies west 
of Straits district, he then named "Rapahanock," the name 
of an Indian tribe then living near. 

The McNamares, Fallins, Brambles and Pritchetts were 
some of the early settlers, whose descendants still live in 
Straits. 

Not until a market for oysters in cities was established 
did this district begin to exhibit thrift and develop a dense 
population, whose numerous dwellings to-day appear like 
little villages on the mainland, and on Elliott's and Holland's 
Islands. 

There is a peculiar geological land formation in this dis- 
trict. South of Fishing Bay, along its shore, and on the 
border of vast bodies of low marshland, are Elliott's and 
Clay Islands, high sandy hills. On Elliott's Island are evi- 
dences that Indians lived there, probably the Nantiquacks 
or Wiwashes, who for generations feasted on oysters along 
the Bay shore, where Indian arrow heads are found about 
banks of old oyster shells. 

The land in Straits is fertile and produces good crops, but 
oystering is the chief occupation of the people. 



Church History. 
CHAPTER XIII. 

THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH— THE CATHOLIC CHURCH. 

THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

A large majority of the people who settled on the Eastern 
Shore before and after Dorchester County was laid out, were 
Protestants, a fact conclusively shown by the official acts of 
the Assembly Delegates and other representative officers in 
colonial days. 

Following the Protestant Revolution of 1689, church in- 
fluence under the new government made some progress; two 
churches were then built, and the county divided into two 
parishers in 1692. Choptank Parish was much the larger, 
and included a part of what is now Caroline County. This 
parish was so large that the people who lived a lomg distance 
from Cambridge could not regularly attend c,hurch service 
on Sunday. The first partial relief came to them in 1709, 
when a "Chapel ol Ease" was built at Vienna. As the popu- 
lation increased and expanded, the Assembly authorized the 
division of great Choptank Parish and the outlining of 
another called "Saint Mary White Chapel Parish," in 1725, 
in which, no doubt divine services were held prior to the 
passage of an Act in 1755, authorizing a chapel to be built 
in the parish. It was erected on the county road that now 
leads from Federalsburg tO' Hunting Creek, about two miles 
from the latter place. 

This religious denomination was prosperous until the out- 
break of the Revolutionary War, when the rectors, whose 
oath as clergymen bound them to be loyal and bear true 
allegiance to the government of England, were obliged to 
vacate their glebes and churches and return to their native 
country, or take the oath required to become loyal colonists 



I08 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

of Mar^'land. During the Revolutionary struggle for Inde- 
pendence, and for some years following after, in the absence 
of the parish rectors of several small churches in the county, 
their vestrymen, and congregations entirely neglected their 
parish work and church duties, until the buildings went swift 
to decay and utter ruin. In the tidal wave of Methodism 
then passing over the Eastern Shore, many of the Protestants 
were carried along by that new doctrine into the Wesleyan 
Societies, chiefly because the Protestant Episcopal Church 
was supplied by England with a clergy. 

At this time there are six Protestant Episcopal churches 
in Dorchester County, in charge of prominent and scholarly 
rectors. 

In the Parish of Dorchester is old "Trinity Church," which 
is described in the following part of this chapter. 

THE OLD CHURCH. 

{By Hester Dorsey Richardson.) 

In a picturesque spot on the Little Choptank River and on 
the narrow creek to which it has given its name, stands old 
Trinity, known until the middle of the nineteenth century as 
"The Church in Dorchester Parish," and familiarly known tO' 
the present generation as "The Old Church." 
^ So long ago was this ancient little edifice built that all 
record of its date has been lost, the most diligent and careful 
search having so far failed to throw any light on the subject. 
It is, however, beyond dispute that this church was standing 
in the year 1690, two years before the Act of Assembly which 
directed the division of the counties into parishes, at which 
time the Great Choptank was cut from the Dorchester Parish, 
which prior to 1692 included the entire county. 

In the year 1690 there were already in existence in the 
colony of Maryland thirty parish churches and many "Chap- 
els of Ease." 

We find from the colonial records that the Old Church 
was situated at "Dorchester Town," as the inhabitants ol 
this Parish were instructed to worship in the church at 




TRINITY P. E. CHURCH. CHURCH CREEK. 



THE OLD CHURCH IO9 

Dorchester Town, upon the division of the county, and the 
inhabitants of Great Choptank Parish to worship in Cam- 
bridg'e, where the use of the Court House was given for di- 
vine service, until such time as it should be convenient for 
them to build their church, which they did not do until 1696 
or later, as in that year Mr. Philip Pitt and other vestrymen 
petitioned the Assembly for the privilege of building a church, 
which was granted them. 

In this same year 1696 the Dorchester Church reported 
two hundred and twenty-one taxables. 

Prior to 1692 Trinity, with all the other early colonial 
churches, paid tithes to the Bishop of London. 

The register of marriages, births and deaths has been pre- 
served since 1743, but nothing remains of an earlier date 
other than the names of the rectors from the year 1697. 

The law passed by the Council prescribing that vestrymen 
of all parishes should each year return a list of marriages, was 
evidently universally disregarded, as in December, 1696, a 
list of the vestries failing to comply with this and also neglect- 
ing to send a transcript of their proceedings were read before 
His Lordship's Council. 

The vestrymen of the Dorchester Parish and the Great 
Choptank were all fined, proving that the records had not 
been transmitted, most likely because they were not kept, 
which accounts for the lack of information regarding the early 
history of this venerable church. 

The first rector of whom we have any record was Rev. 
Thomas Howell, who' officiated in both parishes from the year 
1697 until 1708. For the next twelve months there were 
no services at the Dorchester Church, but were resumed upon 
the arrival of Rev. Thomas Thomson who served as rector 
for a quarter of a century. 

Upon his death in 1736 Mr. William Brogden officiated for 
three years. 

In 1739 and 1740 the name of Mr. Chas. Lake appears as 
having conducted sen^ices on twO' specified days; he was 
therefore either a visiting clergyman or a lay reader. 



no HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

In the year 1741 the Rev. Neal McCullum became the rec- 
tor and SO continued until 1770. 

After his death or removal the Dorchester Parish remained 
vacant for a period of eleven years, during which time there 
is no record of even a special or occasional service being 
held. 

In the year 1768 the following advertisement appeared in 
the Annapolis Gazette of May 14: 

"Wanted in Dorchester Parish a curate. Apply to vestry. 

"Roger Jones, Registrar." 

As nO' results came from this invitation it is likely that this 
was not considered a "good living." Indeed, it is a matter 
of record that one of the early rectors petitioned tO' be relieved 
of his charge because of the poor pay. 

In the year 1781 Thomas Brown held service at the Old 
Church. After this the Rev. Samuel Keene officiated until 
1786, in which year he accepted a call to Queen Anne's 
County, St. Paul's Parish; during his incumbency at the Dor- 
chester Church, William Keene officiated at some time in 

1783- 

The church remained without a rector for four years after 
the departure of Rev. Samuel Keene, until 1793, when Rev. 
John Keene succeeded him as rector for a little while. 

The names of those who conducted odcasional services 
between the years 1794 and 1806 are, I. Slacom, R. Patti- 
son, I. Braughn, John Anderson. In 1806 the Rev. Mr. 
Kemp assumed charge of both parishes until 181 2, when the 
Dorchester was again vacant for six years. Rev. G. Weller 
then became rector for three years. 

In the year 1818 the Old Church underwent repairs and 
the following year a Chapel of Ease was begun on Taylor's 
Island. The Rev. Jonathan Judd was called to the Parish 
in 1824. The next rector was Rev. Thomas Bayne, who 
continued to officiate from 1838 until 1841 when Bishop 
Whittingham sent the Rev. Wm. Harris to be the resident 



THE OLD CHURCH III 

rector of the Dorchester Parish, provided sufficient funds 
could be raised; as he resigned at the end of the year, it 
is safe to assume that the pay was small. 

In the year 1843 the vestry decided it would be expedient 
to build a frame chapel in the village of Church Creek as 
more accessible to^ the people. A building committee was 
appointed to carry out the plans. This was composed of 
the following vestrymen : James L. Dorsey, William W. 
Jones and Wm. T. Staplefort. The project was abandoned 
in 1848 during the incumbency of Rev. Cyrus Waters, who 
succeeded the Rev. Meyer Lewin as rector of the Old Church 
in 1847. Three years later the Rev. James Stephenson was 
elected to till the vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr. 
Waters. 

In the Register, the name of the Rev. John W. Nott first 
appears as rector of the Dorchester Parish in 1854 and 
although his resignation is not recorded until 1874 in the 
interim, the names of Rev. James L. Bryan and Rev. Samuel 
D. Hall are recorded as rectors, the former in 1859 and 1872 
and the latter in the year 1869. 

After the resignation of Mr. Nott in 1873 the Rev. David 
Marion Ellwood was elected to succeed him in 1874. 

In the year 1877 the Rev. William Wallace Greene of the 
Virginia Diocese accepted a call to the Old Church, where 
he continued to officiate until his resignation in 1889. He 
was succeeded by Rev. Jacob Miller for one year. After 
his departure another of the many periods of silence fell 
upon the Old Church, until the Rev. James X. Bryan again 
held services there. 

In 1901 the Rev. Hugh McDonald Martin, of Virginia, 
responded to a call to this Parish which for ten years had 
been without a resident rector. Again, after six months' 
incumbency, it is numbered with the silent churches. 

The Old Church was reconsecrated after its restoration 
from great dilapidation and long vacancy in the middle of the 
nineteeth century, when it was named Trinity for the first 
time. This rite was performed by Rt. Rev. Bishop White- 
house. 



112 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

During the process of restoration at this time (1850) the 
high box shaped EngHsh pews were removed, also the hand 
carved wainscoting which is said to have formed part of the 
interior decoration. A choir gallery, which was suspended 
above the main entrance, and was approached from the out- 
side by a circular staircase, was removed "as unsafe and 
unnecessary." 

It is not definitely known at what period the tiled floor 
was covered with plank in the interest of health. A window 
above the reredos has long since been bricked up, so that 
the church in Dorchester Parish has really lost much of its 
colonial characteristics on the inside. 

Tradition says that this and other early churches were 
built of bricks brought from England, but a close searching 
of the records fails to bring to light any verification of this 
oft-told tale. 

There is every reason to believe that the bricks were made 
by the English brickmakers, who were brought into the col- 
ony, and who' were contracting for bricks as early as 1649, 
in which year one Cornelius Canaday made an agreement to 
make and deliver to Mr. Thomas Cornwallis twenty-eight 
thousand bricks within two^ years. 

Many inventories of estates mention brick molds, but no 
bill of lading of any ship gives "bricks" as a part of a cargo. 

A large hollow in the Old Church yard was for many years 
an object of conjecture and superstition, "because water 
would not stand in it." That it was from this clay soil the 
bricks were made which built the church I have no doubt, 
and indeed there is one tradition to this efTect. 

While there is no record of the deed of gift of the site of 
the church there is positive proof that the Busicks, who 
owned the surrounding land, gave it and the burying 
ground, for in the will of James Busick probated in the year 
1749 he stipulates that "the two acres previously laid ofif be 
and do belong to the church so long as a Parish Church is 
kept and no longer." 



THE OLD CHURCH 113 

As there is no record of the land ever having been deeded 
to the vestry, the tenure of the burying ground seems to- 
depend entirely upon the Parish Church being kept. 

The land surrounding the church and covering an hundred 
acres was patented in 1671. 

In the year 1767 James Busick (3) upon inheriting the 
estate had a resurvey made and a new patent granted him 
by Frederick, sixth Lord Baltimore. This last grant is still 
in possession of the present owners of "the land." 

An old red velvet cushion, which bears the stamp of royal 
quality, is said to have been sent over by Queen Anne 
for a prayer cushion in this early church. Indeed, tradition 
goes so far as to claim that the good queen knelt on it at her 
coronation. It is certainly the exact shape and size of those 
used on such occasions. 

There still remains one large silver communion cup, in- 
scribed "To the Church in Dorchester Parish," which bears 
the English Hall marks of long ago. 

The other pieces of the service have disappeared. There is 
no mention made in the church records of the presentation oi 
the communion service, and while tradition says it also was 
presented by Queen Anne, the Hall marks indicate a period 
later than her reign. 

During a period of restoration some years back, stained 
glass windows were presented to the Old Church through 
Miss Mary Carroll, of Dorchester County, then living in 
Washington, D. C. Later, many repairs and improvements 
were made by the Guild of the Parish. 

About five years ago the church showed alarming signs 
of weakness and it was feared that the sacred edifice was 
about to fall. The Right Reverend William Forbes Adams, 
Bishop of the Diocese, was, however, enabled to have the 
original walls buttressed by a timely contribution from a 
New York lady interested in the preservation of ancient land 
marks. 

The Chapel organ and the handsome communion ser- 
vice were purchased with money raised in Baltimore for the 



114 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

purpose, by Miss Sallie Webster Dorsey, formerly of Balti- 
more, now of Dorchester. In appreciation of her efforts 
the vestry of Old Trinity passed resolutions of thanks to 
Miss Dorsey. 

Mrs. Wm. G. Woodside, of Baltimore, gave as a memorial 
to her son a chancel hanging-lamp, in addition to a hand- 
some antipendant and stole, embroidered by the Mount Cal- 
vary Sisters. 

Altar hangings have from time to time been donated to 
Old Trinity by sister churches in Baltimore and Washington. 

Within the past two years the interior of the Dorchester 
church has been repaired, and new windows, protected by 
stout oaken shutters, have replaced the dilapidated ones. A 
chancel carpet and new prayer-books and hymnals have also 
been presented. These latest repairs and improvements 
were made through the efforts of Mrs. Thomas King Carroll, 
who contributed liberally to the restoration, as did Mr. John 
E. Hurst, of Baltimore; Mr. John Richardson, of St. Joseph, 
Md.; Mrs. James Richardson, of Church Creek, and Mr. 
Charles O. Willis, of Vicksburg, Miss. 

The fact that friends of the church in distant parts of the 
State have many times come to the rescue and saved the Old 
Church from falling into utter decay, is proof that the com- 
munity is not of the Episcopal faith, and while all seem to 
reverence the ancient edifice there seems little hope of its 
ever becoming a flourishing parish. 

The burying ground is the last resting-place of all denomi- 
nations, and despite the fact that it is already crowded the 
vestry of the Old Church have never reserved the privileges 
of the ground for the membership. 

The time must come, however, and shortly, when each 
church in the community must have its own "God's Acre," 
when those now sleeping their last sleep in the shadow of Old 
Trinity will rest undisturbed. 



THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN DORCHESTER II 5 

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN DORCHESTER. 

{Data from Hon. Win. F. A.) 

The first settlers who came tO' this section of Dorchester 
in colonial days were Catholics. Their first chapel was built 
in Meekins' Neck, about 1769, in what is now Election Dis- 
trict No. 6, or Hooper's Island, and near Golden Hill. It was 
a small and unpretentious looking structure, and could have 
been easily taken for a barn, but for the presence of a small 
wooden cross upon it. A short distance from the site of the 
old chapel, a modern church of that denomination now stands, 
which was erected in 1872. In full view of the Chesapeake 
Bay, and opposite the cliffs on the Western Shore, is this 
divine edifice, "St. Mary's Star of the Sea." From a distant 
view, tiny white specks appear here and there about the 
church ground which at closer range prove to be memorial 
symbols erected over the last restuig-places of many departed 
guardians of that old parish. 

The primitive settlers of this Catholic coloiiy inDorohester, 
came from St. Mary's County about the year 1660. At that 
day divine service was held in private dwellings by a miss 011- 
ary Jesuit priest, who^ crossed the Chesapeake from St. 
Inigoes. 

Before services were regularly conducted in that part of 
the Eastern Shore, as often as two or three times a year, it 
was customary for entire families to embark early on Sunday 
morning in their small crafts and cross the Bay to attend 
Mass, in St. Mary's. 

The descendants of the original Catholics of that epoch, 
who are still in this parish fold in Dorchester, are the families 
of Mrs. Richard Tubman, Mrs. George Mace, Frank Tubman, 
William F. Applegarth, Robert Tubman, Charles Tubman, 
Mrs. Emma Ivlartin, G. Galon Shenton, Louis B. Keener 
Mrs. E. Vickars, Jno. A. Dunnock, Geo. A. Wilson, Wm. H. 
Dean, Edward Meekins, John D. Meekins, Mrs. Leonard, 
Eugene Jones, Mrs. Susie Tyler, Job and Mathias Dunnock, 
Mrs. Foxwell, Mrs. Dorothy Simmons, Alexander Fitzhugh, 



Il6 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Raymond Shenton, Mrs. Zoe Keene, Mrs. Daniel LeCompte 
and Mrs. Geo. H. Gillingham. 

The old Catholic church was purchased for a public school 
building in 1872, and is still used for that purpose. 

As Protestantism grew strong and oppressive under sec- 
tarian laws enacted in the reigns of William and Mary and 
Queen Anne the Catholics made but little church advance- 
ment during that period. In 1706 the Sheriffs of the several 
counties were required by an Act of Assembly to enumerate 
all Catholics in their respective counties; only seventy-nine 
were found in Dorchester County. 

To check the growth of "Popery," an Act was passed in 
1723, for laying an additional duty of twenty shillings current 
money, per poll, on all Irish servants, being Papists, who 
were brought into the colony. 

The progress of the Catholic Church in Dorchester County 
has been very slow; at this date there are only about five hun- 
dred Catholics, and three churches, one each at Cambridge, 
Sec^retary, and Golden Hill, or Meekins' Neck. They are 
sustained by able and inlluential parishioners. "Mary Refuge 
of Sinners," the church in Cambridge, was erected in 1894, 
to replace one built there in 1885. The church at Secretary is 
the outgrowth of a small Catholic settlement made there 
about 1886, whiqh has since been steadily increasing. 

Prior to the elevation of Right Rev. Alfred A. Curtis to the 
see of Wilmington, Del., the spiritual wants of Dorchester 
Catholics were served monthly, by a priest, stationed at Eas- 
ton, Md., but Bishop Curtis determined to establish better 
service for the Catholics in the county and to his efforts are 
due the progress of the cjnirch since that time. 




CATHOLIC CHURCH. '"MARY REFUGE OF SINNERS. 



CHAPTER XIV. 

THE PATERNAL BIRTHPLACE OF METHODISM — GERMANS WHO EMIGRATED TO 
IRELAND, WHERE THEY ARE CONVERTED TO WESLEYAN METHODISM — 
MANY OF THEM CAME TO AMERICA — FIRST METHODIST SOCIETY ORGAN- 
IZED IN NEW YORK— EXTRACTS FROM FREEBORN GARRETTSON's JOURNAL. 

EARLY METHODISM. 

Nearly two himdred years ago a number of German colo- 
nists left the Palatinate in the region of the "Rhine," then 
too near the border line of Imperial France, and settled in 
Limerick County, in the west part of Ireland. In 1758 Rev. 
John Wesley visited the descendants of these colonists, at 
Killiheen, Balligarane, and other places where he preached 
the "Gospel" and many were converted. As early as 1752, 
Mr. Wesley had visited that part of Ireland, where the Ger- 
man-Irish were among the first to welcome him. ■ In that 
year, under the religious influence of Mr. Wesley's societies 
there, a yoimg Irishman, Philip Embury was converted. In 
his family record was written the following: 

"On Christmas, being Monday, 25th of December, in the 
year 1752, the Lord shone into my soul by a glimpse of his 
redeeming love, being an earnest of my redemption in Christ 
Jesus, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen. 

"Philip Embury." 

Mr. Embury became a local preacher in Ireland. He emi- 
grated to- America in 1760, and settled in New York City, 
About this time a number of emigrants came to New York 
from Ireland; they had been Methodists in their own land. 
In one Christian family named Hick that came from Balli- 
garane, Ireland, was a pious lady, Mrs. Barbara Hick, who 



Il8 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

influenced Mr. Embury to preach in New York. Her appeal 
to him was : "Brother Embury, you must preach to us, or 
we shall all go to hell, and God will require our blood at your 
hands !" With her request he complied. Only six persons 
attended the first meeting. This society then organized and 
later enlarged, built the first Methodist meeting house in 
America, on John Street, New York, in 1768. 

In 1760, the year that Mr. Embury Cjame. Robert Straw- 
bridge, another Irish Methodist, arrived and settled in Fred- 
erick County, Md. From the work of these pioneers, 
Methodist societies were organized at many places, and 
placed in charge of local leaders. Rev. John Wesley sent 
over some licensed ministers to superintend the Christian 
work he had started in America. Francis Asbury, the first 
who' arrived in 1771, at twenty-six years of age, traveled 
extensively as a missionary. In his religious field of labor he 
was as zealous as the Apostle Paul, and like him in another 
respect never married. "To' him more than any other man 
in America, Methodism owes its excellent organization and 
wonderful growth." 

As the Methodist societies multiplied in numbers and in- 
creased in membership, under the preaching of Mr. Asbury, 
Freeborn Garrettson and other itinerant ministers, Mr. Wes- 
ley sent over Dr. Thomas Coke, who- arrived in New York, 
November 3, 1784, from England, with plans to be adopted 
for regulating their church government. On November 14 
Dr. Coke first met Rev. Francis Asbury at Barrett's Chapel, 
Delaware. There they formed the plan for calling the Christ- 
mas Conference which resulted in the organization of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. This Conference was held in 
Baltimore, December 25, 1784, and Francis Asbury was 
ordained Bishop. 

John Dickens, then ordained a deacon, seleced the title 
for the church, "Methodist Episcopal Church," which was 
unanimously adopted. 

The devout Methodist missionaries sent over to America 
and some home-made ministers in the States, made profound 



EARLY METHODISM II9 

impressions on the people by their earnest and self-sacrificing; 
work of preaching a religion without ecclesiastical fcrmality, 
and so practical that many who came to disturb and scoff 
were convicted of sin and converted to Methodism. 

Freeborn Garrettson, one of the first itinerant ministe.'S 
who' came to Dorchester County, in possession of the Wes- 
leyan doctrine of Christian faith, reflected the new light of 
an old religion with such great power and influence, that the 
spiritual fires he then kindled were never extinguished, but 
continued to grow greater and brighter, until to-day they 
have become a confluent flame of progressive Christianity of 
unexcelled magnitude. 

Every true Methodist in Dorchester County will find Mr. 
Garrettson's Journal of missionary work and travels there, 
interesting history of pioneer labor, so faithfully done towards 
the establishment of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Fol- 
lowing are extracts from Garrettson's Journal, ''Section 7 :" 

AN ACCOUNT OF MY TRAVELS AFTER I WAS RELEASED 
FROM PRISON. 

After preaching at many places in the Jerseys and Penn- 
sylvania, with great freedom; in the fall of 1779 I returned to 
the Peninsula (which was my second visit) and we had a 
blessed quarterly meeting at Mr. W.'s.^ I traveled largely 
through this country all the winter, and many were gathered 
into the fold. I would say something here of the beginning 
and progress of the work ol God in Dorset County — a place 
where they were generally of the Church of England, and 
universally enemies toi the life and power of religion. The 
work began by the means of a young woman who was niece 
to, and sometimes lived with. Judge E.^ of Dorset; her sister 
was the wife to the honorable Mr. B.^ I am not certain 
whether it was on a visit toi Queen Anne's or Dover, that 
she fell in with the Methodists, by whose means she was con- 
vinced and converted, and afterwards became a pious follower 

'Thos. Ware. ^ Henry Ennalls. 

^Honorable Richard Basset, of Delaware. 



I20 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

of the blessed Jesus. When she returned to her uncle's in 
Dorset, they began tO' think she was beside herself; however, 
the Lord blessed her endeavors in favor of her sister Polly, 
and a few others. Her sister was soon set at liberty in a 
powerful manner, and had as great a zeal for God as her 
sister Catherine. Shortly after, their sister B. became as 
blessed a woman as ever I saw, and I have not a doubt but 
that she lived and died a bright witness of sanctification. 

Mr. B. was brought into the faith, with two young lawyers 
Wiho were studying under him, and several others of the 
family, who^ were the fruits of the labors of these pious, I may 
say blessed, women. To return, some time after Mary's con- 
version, she went to visit H. A. Esq.^ who was a relation of 
hers. As he was a man of fashion, and an entire stranger to 
inward religion, he was much afraid she would drive his wife 
out of her senses. He undertook to show his visitor that 
the Methodists were not in the right way, and for this pur- 
pose he chose an old book written by a Puritan divine an 
hundred and fifty years ago; but he had not read many min- 
utes before conviction seized him, and the tears flowed from 
his eyes. He withdrew and read, till he thought he must goi 
among the Methodists with his book, and compare it with 
theirs. He did so, and found the Methodist publications 
to agree in substance with that. On this occasion I first met 
with him at Mr. W.'s.^ After he had labored some time under 
distress of soul, the Lord gave him rest — he felt the burden 
of guilt removed — and now expressed an anxious desire that 
I should come to the county where he resided, being deter- 
mined to stand by the cause as long as he lived. 

Thursday, February lo, 1780, I arose very early in the 
morning, and addressed the throne of grace. My dear Master 
wonderfully refreshed my soul, and I felt a willingness to 
suffer anything, whatever the Lord might permit to come 
upon me, for his work's sake. I opened my mind to Mr. 
F. A.^ who was at Mr. W.'s (Rev. Thos. Ware), and he 
seemed very desirous I should accept the invitation. He 

^Henry Airey, Esq. ^Rev. Thos. Ware. ^Rev. Francis Asbury. 



EARLY METHODISM 121 

then commended me to the Lord in prayer, and I set out in 
good spirits with a strong hope that good would be done. 
The first day I got half way, and had a comfortable night. 
February 1 1 was a day of deep exercise. Are others dis- 
tressed in the way that I have been? I traveled on seem- 
ingly with the weight of a mill-stone. I wept bitterly as 1 
passed along, and several times stopped my horse, intend- 
ing tO' turn back, but was still urged on my way. I got to 
my dear friend Mr. A.'s sometime before night, and the bur- 
den which I felt all the way left me at his door. The dismis- 
sion of it was perceptible, for my spirit did rejoice in God my 
Saviour. I was conducted into a private room, where the 
Lord let me know that I was in the very place he would have 
me to be. 

In the evening the family were gathered together for 
prayer; I shall never forget the time; I suppose about twelve 
white and black were present. The power of the Lord came 
among us. Mrs. A. was so' filled with the new wine of Christ's 
kingdom, that she sank on the floor, blessing and praising 
the Lord. And many of the blacks were much wrought 
upon. This night was a time of great refreshment to me. 

Saturday, 12. About thirty of the neighbors were called 
together,, and the Word seemed to melt their hearts. I had 
not the least doubt, but the Lord had called me to this place. 

Sunday, 13. Near an hundred gathered; the field though 
in the winter seemed ripe for harvest, and m.y gracious God 
wrought wonderfully in the hearts of the people; so that some 
who' were enemies before acknowledged it tO' be the truth. 

Monday, 14. Accompanied by my friend I went to the 
other part of the county. The field is ripe. One man was 
deeply afifected only by seeing us. I preached at Colonel 
V.'s, a clever man, who afterwards became a great friend to 
us and himself, too. The fields are white for harvest. The 
devil is angry. The wicked rage, and invent lies and mischief. 
The county court was sitting, and some of the heads of it 
were determined, by some means or other, to clear the place 
of such a troublesome fellow. For a cloak they charged me 



122 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

with toryism, and I was informed, gave a very wicked man 
leave, and promised to bear him out in taking my Hfe; and 
for this purpose he was to lay in wait for me the next day. 
It providentially reached my ears that night before I went 
to bed, and as the wicked seemed thus inclined, I thought 
it expedient tO' withdraw to Mr. A.'s, where I staid two days; 
but being pressed in spirit, I could stay no longer; I went 
to another part of the county. Many came out to hear, and 
the Word was still attended with power; for they began to 
enquire the way to heaven. 

I had a most remarkable vision of the night. And in that 
vision it w^as revealed to me what I was to suffer; and that 
the Lord would stand by me, so^ that my enemies should not 
injure me. Hundreds flocked out to hear the word, on one 
side sinners were enquiring what they should do to- be saved; 
and those on the other side, how they should manage in order 
to banish me from the place. 

Monday, 21. I had great satisfaction in reading a piece 
that treated on the human soul. I had much freedom in the 
word in public, and a blessed family meeting at my good 
friend A.'s, but sorely tempted of the devil. Shortly after 
(shall I speak the truth? I will without the fear of man, 
though these things may appear strange to some people) I 
went to bed, the devil made his appearance upon it; first he 
felt like a cat, he then got hold of my pillow; I now believed 
it to be the fiend, and was not alarmed; I took hold of the 
pillow and both pulled at it ; I cried out, get behind me, Satan. 
And immediately he vanished. I went downstairs in the 
morning intending not to> speak of what had passed; but 
brother A. enquired if I had not been down in the night; I 
told him I had not; "why," said he, "shortly after you went 
up, I came into> the hall, and was at prayer, when I heard 
some one walk downstairs, and seemed to be standing in the 
door; as I knew there was none above but yourself, I Con- 
cluded that it must be you that wished to' go out; I thereby 
went and opened the door, but saw nobody, and certainly 
it was the devil." This was about the precise time he left 



EARLY METHODISM 1 23 

my bed. Poor devil, you are afraid of your kingdom. I 
then mentioned what had passed in my chamber. The Httle 
daughter was under some concern of soul, and getting up 
one night, awoke her parents, and told them she was afraid 
the devil would carry her away. The soul spirit was wonder- 
fully roused, and very bitter against this dear family. 

February 24. I had a sweet and powerful time. After I 
went to rest, I was strangely exercised in my sleep; I thought 
I saw an innocent creature chased almost to death, by a 
company of dreadful beings; after a while I saw a cloud about 
the size of my hand rising in the West, which grew blacker 
and darker till it appeared tO' cover the earth; I thought now, 
most surely the world is to be at an end. I saw after a while 
those c^ruel beings turn pale as death. I saw a person come 
up tO' the innocent creature, which they were chasing and 
receive it. I awoke rejoicing, but knew not how to interpret 
this dream. 

Saturday, 25. My spirit was solemn and weighty; expect- 
ing something uncommon would turn up, I withdrew to the 
woods, and spent much time before the Lord. I preached 
with freedom to a weeping flock, my friend A. accompanying 
me to the place. In the evening we were repairing to his 
house, being about to preach there the next day, but a parcel 
of men embodied themselves and waylaid me, with an inten- 
tion to take me toi gaol. About sunset they surrounded us, 
and called me their prisoner. They beat my horse, cursed 
and swore, but did not strike me. Some time after night 
they took me to a magistrate who was as much my enemy 
as any of them. When I was judged, and condemned for 
preaching the gospel, the keeper of the peace, who sat in his 
great chair, immediately wrote a mittimus and ordered me 
to gaol. I asked him if he had never heard of an affair iy\ 
Talbot County. Brother I. H. was committed to gaol for 
the same crime, that of preaching the gospel; soon after the 
magistrate was taken sick unto death, and sent for this same 
preacher out of confinement to pray for him. He then made 
this confession: "When I sent you to gaol," said he, 'T was 



124 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

fighting against God, and now I am about to leave the world, 
pray for me." His family were called, and he said to his 
wife: "This is a servant of God, and when I die, I request 
he may preach at my funeral. You need not think I have 
not my senses; this is the true faith." He then gave Brother 
I. H. charge of his family, and desired them to embrace that 
profession. Now, said I, I beseech you to think seriously 
of what you have done, and prepare to meet God. Be you 
assured, I am not ashamed of the cross of Christ, for I con- 
sider it an honor to be imprisoned for the gospel of my dear 
Lord. My horse was brought, and about twelve of the coim- 
pany were to attend me to gaol. They were all around me, 
and two, one on each side holding my horse's bridle. The 
night was very dark; and before we got a mile from the house, 
on a sudden there was an uncommon flash of lightning, and 
in less than a minute all my foes were dispersed; my friend 
A. was a Httle before the company. How, or where, I know 
not, but I was left alone. I was reminded of that place in 
scripture, where our dear Lord's enemies fell to the ground, 
and then, this portion of scripture came to me. Stand still 
and see the salvation of God. It was a very dark cloudy 
night, and had rained a little. I sat on my horse alone, and 
though I Called several times, there was no answer. I went 
on, but I had not got far before I met my friend Mr. A. 
returning to look for me. He had accompanied me through- 
out the whole of this affair. We rode on talking of the good- 
ness of God, till we came to a little cottage by the roadside, 
where we found two of my guards almost scared out of their 
wits. I told them if I was to go to gaol that night, we ought 
to be on oiir way, for it was getting late. — "Oh ! no," said 
one of them, "let us stay until the morning." My friend and 
I rode on, and it was not long ere we had a beautiful clear 
night. We had not rode far, before the company had 
gathered, from whence I know not. However, they appeared 
to be amazingly intimidated, and the foreman of the company 
rode alongside of me, and said, "Sir do you think the affair 
happened on our account?" I told him I would have him 



EARLY METHODISM 125 

judge for himself; reminding him of the awfiilness of the day 
of judgement, and the necessity there was of preparing to 
meet the judge of the whole world. One of the company 
swore an oath, and another immediately reproved him, say- 
ing, "How can you swear at such a time as this?" At length 
the company stopped and one said, "We had better give him 
up for the present;" so they turned their horses and went 
back. My friend and I pursued our way. True it is, the 
wicked are like the troubled sea whose water casts up mire 
and dirt. We had not gone far before they pursued us again 
and said, "We cannot give him up." They accompanied us 
for a few minutes, and again left us, and we saw noi more of 
them that night. A little before midnight we got safe to^ my 
friend's house. And blessed be God, the dear waiting family 
were looking out, and received us with joy. And a precious 
sweet family meeting we had. I retired to my room as 
humble as a little child, praising my dear Deliverer, 

During the remaining part of the night, though dead in 
sleep, I was transported with the visions which passed 
through my mind. And had a confidence in the morning, 
that my beloved Lord would support me. I saw in the vis- 
ions of the night, many sharp and terrible weapons formed 
against me; but none could penetrate, or hurt me, for as soon 
as they came near me they were turned intO' feathers, and 
brushed by me as soft as down. 

Sunday, 27. At eleven o'clock, many came out to hear the 
Word, and it was expected my enemies would be upon roe; 
and I was informed, not a few brought short clubs under their 
cloaks, to defend me in case of an attack; for many had just 
about religion enough to fight for it. As I was giving out 
the hymn, standing between the hall and room doors, about 
twenty of my persecutors came up in a body (I was amazed 
to see one of them, who was an old man, and his head as 
white as a sheet) these were under the appellation of gentle- 
men. The ring leader rushed forw^ard, with a pistol pre- 
sented, and laid hold of me, putting the pistol to^ my breast 
Blest be God ! my confidence was so strong in him, that this 



126 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

was with me, as well as all their other weapons, like feathers, 
as was represented to me in the vision of the night. Some 
of the audience, who stood next to me, gave me a sudden 
jerk; I was presently in the room, and the door shut. As soon 
as I could I opened it, and beckoning tO' my friends, desired 
they would not injure my enemies; that I did not want to 
keep from them, but was willing to go to gaol. If I had not 
spoke in this manner, I believe much blood would have been, 
shed. I began to exhort, and almost the whole congrega- 
tion was in tears, and in a particular manner the women were 
amazingly agitated. I desired my horse to be got, and I 
was accompanied to Cambridge, where I was kept in a tavern 
from twelve o'clock to near sunset, surrounded by the wicked; 
and it was a great mercy of God that my life was preserved. 
A little before night I was thrust into prison, and my ene- 
mies took away the key, that none might administer to my 
necessities. I had a dirty floor for my bed, my saddle-bags 
for my pillow, and two- large windows open with the cold 
East wind blowing upon me, but I had great consolation in 
my dear Lord, and could say, "Thy will be done." During 
my confinment here, I was much drawn out in prayer, read- 
ing, writing, and meditation. I believe I had the prayers 
of my good friend Mr. F. Asbury; and the book which he 
sent me (Mr. Ruthford's letters during his confinement) to- 
gether with the soul comforting and strengthening letters 
which I received from my pious friends was rendered a great 
blessing toi me. The Lord was remarkably good to me, so 
that I experienced a prison to^ be a mere paradise; and I had 
a heart to pray for and wish my worst enemies well. My 
soul was so exceedingly happy, I scarcely knew how my days 
and nights passed away. The Bible was never sweeter to me. 
I never had a greater love to God's dear children. I never 
saw myself more unworthy. I never saw a greater duty in 
the cross of my dear Lord; for I thought I could, if required, 
go cheerfully to the stake in so good a cause. I was not at 
all surprised at the cheerfulness of the ancient martyrs, who 
were able in the flames to clap their glad hands. Sweet 



EARLY METHODISM 12/ 

moments I had with my dear friends, who came to the prison 
window. 

Happy the man who finds the grace, 
The blessing of God's chosen race, 
The wisdom coming from above, 
The faith which sweetly works by love. 

Many, both friends and strangers, came to visit me from 
far and near, and I really believe I never was the means of 
doing more good for the time; for the county seemed to be 
much alarmed, and the Methodists among whom I had 
labored, were much stirred up to pray; for I had written 
many epistles to the brethren. I shall never forget the kind- 
ness I received from dear brother and sister A. They suf- 
fered much for the cause of God in Dorset County, for which 
(if faithful) they will be amply compensated in a better world. 

My crime of preaching the gospel was so great, that no^ 
common court could try my cause. There appeared to be 
a probability of my staying in gaol till a general court, which 
was near twelve months. My good friend Mr. A. went lo 
the Governor of Maryland, and he befriended me; had I been 
his brother, he could not have done more for me. The man- 
ner in which he proceeded to relieve me is this : I was an 
inhabitant of Maryland by birth and property; I could like- 
wise claim a right in the Delaware State, which State was 
more favorable to such pestilent fellows. I was carried before 
the Governor of Delaware. This gentleman w^as a friend to 
our society. He met me at the door, and welcomed me in, 
assuring me he would do- anything he could to help me. A 
recommendatory letter was immediately dispatched to the 
Governor of Maryland, and I was entirely at liberty. O ! how 
wonderfully did the people of Dorset rage, — but the word of 
the Lord spread all through that county, and hundreds, both 
white and black, have experienced the love of Jesus. Since 
that time I have preached to more than three thousand in 
one congregation, not far from the place where I was impris- 
oned; and many of my worst enemies have bowed to the scep- 
ter of our Sovereign Lord. The labors of C. P. and O. were 



128 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

much blessed in this place, in the first reviving and spreading" 
of the work. 

After I left my confinement, I was more than ever deter- 
mined toi be for God, and none else. I traveled extensively, 
and my dear Lord was with me daily, and my spirit did rejoice 
in God my Saviour. In visiting the young societies, after 
I left gaol, we had blessed hours; for many came to hear — 
sinners cried for mercy, and God's dear people rejoiced. 

Friday, 24. Was a solemn fast, being good Friday, the day 
on which my dear Redeemer gave up his precious life. Three 
days after, being in a blessed family, I had great sweetness 
both in public and private; and before I laid down to rest, 
I was very desirous of being lost and swallowed up in the love 
of my dear Redeemer, and feeling the witness of perfect love. 
After I laid doiwn to rest, I was in a kind of visionary way 
for several hours. About one I awoke very happy, arose 
froni my bed, and addressed the throne of grace. I then 
lighted a candle, and spent near two hours in writing the exer- 
cises of the night. I saw myself traveling through a dismal 
place, encompassed with many dangers; I saw the devil, who 
appeared very furious; he came near to me and declared with 
bitterness he would be the death of me; for said he, you have 
doue my kingdom mudh harm; thus saying he began pelting 
me with stones, and bedaubing me with dirt, till I felt 
wounded almost to death, and began to fear I should fall by 
the hand of my enemy. But in the height of my distress, my 
dear Saviour appeared to me; I thought him the most beauti- 
ful person that ever my eyes beheld: "I am your friend," said 
he, "and will support you in your journey; fear not, for your 
enemy is chained." I seemed to receive much strength, and 
the power of the enemy was sO' broken, that he could not 
move one foot after me; all he could do was to' throw out 
threats, which he did loudly, till I got out of his hearing. 
Being safe from these difiiculties, I looked forward and saw 
a very high hill which I was to ascend; and began to fear 1 
never should be able to reach the top; I entered on my jour- 
ney, and got about half-way up, so' fatigued that I thought 



EARLY METHODISM 1 29 

every moment I must sink to the earth; laid down to rest 
myself a little, and seemed to fall into a kind of doze; but 1 
had not laid long, before the person who met me in the 
valley passed by, and smote me on the side, saying, "Rise up, 
and begone, there is no rest for you there." With that I 
received strength, and got to the top of the hill. I then 
looked back, and saw my enemy at a great distance; I was 
greatly surprised when I saw the place through which I had 
dome; for on every hand there appeared to be pits, holes, and 
quagmires in abundance. I was much wounded, and all be- 
spattered with dirt, but looked around to see if I could find 
any house, and at a distance, I espied a little cottage, and 
made up to it; when I got near the door, two angels met me 
and said, "Come in, come in, thou blessed of the Lord, here is 
entertainment for weary travelers." I thought within ap- 
peared tO' be the most beautiful place I had ever seen. After 
I went in, I thought it was heaven filled with blessed saints 
and angels. One and another broke out, "Glory, glory," etc., 
till the place was filled with praises. One spake to me and 
said, "This is not heaven, as you suppose, neither are we 
angels, but sanctified Christians; and this is the second rest. 
And it is your privilege and the privilege of all the children, 
of God." With that I thought I had faith to believe, and 
in a moment my spotted garments were gone, and a white 
robe was given me; I had the language and appearance of 
one of this blessed society; I then awoke. 

Before this I had an ardent desire truly tO' know my state, 
and toi sink deep into God. When I awoke I seemed all 
taken up with divine things; and spent part of the remainder 
of the night in writing, prayer, and praises; and had a strong 
witness of union with my dear Lord. My brother T. from 
Baltimore side came to see me, and traveled several weeks 
with me; and blessed times we had together; for I believe it 
was on this visit he felt a witness of pardoning love to his 
. soul. 

Upon a qertain occasion, I was wonderfully led to think 
of the place called hell, and was severely buffeted by the 

9 



130 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

devil. "Hell," said he, "is not sO' bad a place as you repre- 
sent it; how can God be a merciful being, as you set him forth, 
if he sends people tO' such a dismal place, for a few sins, to 
be tormented forever?" I was earnestly desirous to know 
what kind of a place it was. And the Lord condescended 
tO' satisfy mei in the dead season of the night. After I fell 
into a deep sleep, I seemed tO' enter through a narrow gate 
intoi eternity, and was met by a person who cbnducted me 
to a place called hell; but I had a very imperfect view of it; I 
requested to be taken where I could see it better, if that could 
be done; I was then conveyed to a spot where I had a full 
view of it. It appeared as large as the sea, and I saw myriads 
of damned souls, in every posture that miserable beings 
could get into-. This sight exceeded anything of the kind 
that ever had entered intoi my mind. But it was not for me 
to know any of them. Was I toi attempt tO' describe the 
place as it was represented to me, I could not do' it. Had I 
the pen of ready writer, an angelic wisdom, I should fall short. 
I cried out to my guide, it is enough. With that he brought 
me to the place he first met me. I then desired a discovery 
of heaven; my guide said, "Not now, return; you have seen 
sufficient for once; and be more faithful in warning sinners, 
and have no more doubt about the reality of hell." Then I 
instantly awoke. 



CHAPTER XV. 

GARRETTSOn's journal continued — FIRST METHODIST CHURCHES IN THE 
COUNTY — REV. FRANCIS ASBURY's JOURNAL OF TRAVELS IN DORCHESTER 
— M. E. CHURCH PROGRESS — BOEHm's REMINISCENCES — M. E. CHURCH 
BRANCHES — BAPTIST CHURCH. 

At the next meeting of ministers in April, 1780, at Balti- 
more, Mr. Garrettson was sent tO' new fields of labor, Western 
Maryland, Virginia, and New York. In 1781 he returned 
to the Eastern Shore Peninsula, and spent much of the time 
there in 1782-83. After the Baltimore Conference in 1784, 
he was sent tO' Nova Scotia, from whic h he returned in April, 
1787, to attend the Baltimore Conference. He was then 
sent again to the E. S. Peninsula, his chosen field for mission- 
ary work. He says, "Saturday, June 3, I crossed the river 
intoi Dorset, a place where I desired to- be, Sunday, 4. At 
Brother M.'s I met so large a congregation, that I was under 
the necessity of withdrawing to the shade for room. Some 
time agO' there was a great work of the Lord in this neck; 
but I am informed the work is now rather at a stand. What 
is the cause? Those preachers whose labors the Lord parti- 
cularly blest in this revival were lively and powerful; and 
there was much of what some call wildfire among the people; 
the cries of the distressed were frequently so great that the 
preacher's voice was drowned. I was informed that those 
people had been visited by some, who had but little friend- 
ship for what some call hollowing meetings; and the work 
began to^ decline. The danger lies on both hands; and blessed 
is he who knows how to steer aright. I am never distressed 
in hearing convinced sinners crying for mercy; though they 
were to cry so loud as to be heard a mile. * * * 

"Sunday, June 11, 1 preached in our new chapel on Taylor's 
Island, to abundantly more people than the chapel could con- 



132 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

tain. Many on this island love God. Tuesday, 13. I preached 
on Hooper's Island, and we had a precious shower. Before 
our meeting ended five souls were newborn; three of whom 
were sisters. There were many awakened at this meeting, 
and great cries were amongst the distressed. There was as 
little confusion as I have ever seen, when there was so great 
a power felt." 

Much more cbuld be said of Rev, Freeborn Garrettson, 
who was qalled into the itinerant field by Daniel Ruff, a 
Methodist preacher, in 1775. In 1793, he married Miss 
Catherine Livingstone, daughter of Judge Livingstone of 
New York. " 'Rhinebeck,' their beautiful home on the Hud- 
son River, was an earthly paradise." After preaching the gos- 
pel for fifty-twoi years, Mr. Garrettson died suddenly in New 
York, September 27, 1827, and was buried in his own beloved 
"Rhinebeck," where sleeps beside him his devoted wife, both 
waiting the resurrection of the just. 

The early preaching of Methodism in Dorchester County 
was for eight or nine years conducted at the private homes 
of families who' were either believers of, or in sympathy with, 
the new doctrine of John Wesley. The oldest deed of record 
for M. E. Church land in the county is dated September 15th, 
1787, "between Moses LeCompte and Elizabeth his wife of 
the one part, and Benjamin Keene, Jr., William Geoghegan, 
Thomas Hooper, John Ashcom Travers, Peter Harrington, 
John Aaron, John Geoghegan, John Robson and Isaac 
Creighton, Trustees, to take the care and management of 
the chapel lately built on Taylors, (for the use of the minis- 
ters, belonging to the Methodist Episcopal Church,) all <..f 
Dorchester Coiunty, aforesaid." 

The consideration was twenty shillings for one-half acre 
of land, part of a tract called "Patrick's Progress" adjoining 
the lands of Richard Pattison. "The trustees and their suc- 
cessors shall take the care and management of the said 
Chapel, * * * and shall at all times permit such 
persons as shall be appointed, at the yearly Conference of the 
Methodists held in America, tO' preach and expound God's 




ZION M. E. CHURCH. CAMBRIDGE. 



EARLY METHODISM 133 

Holy Word in, and no others, to have and enjoy the said 
premises for the purpose aforesaid, and for no other use or 
purpose." A further provision was, the Board of Trustees 
could fill all vacancies that occurred in the Board, so as to 
keep the number of nine Trustees forever in succession. 

The next deed for M. E. Church use is dated April 13, 
1790, from Thomas Hill Airey and Mary his wife tO' John 
Pitt, William Pitt, Gardiner Bruifit, Jonathan Partridge, 
David Mills, William Tucker, Henry Hooper, Ezekiel Vick- 
ars and Henry Ennalls, consideration five shillings, for one- 
half acre of land called "Pilgrimage," lying on the road lead- 
ing from Cambridge to Middletown. One provision of the 
deed is as follows : "* * * Provided that the said per- 
sons preach no other doctrine than is contained in Mr, John 
Wesley's notes upon the New Testament, and four volumes 
of sermons." 

Rev. Francis Asbury, the greatest Methodist missionary 
that ever traveled in America, frequently preached on the 
Eastern Shore Peninsula, but did not go to Dorchester until 
October, 1784. When in Cambridge he preached to a large 
congregation, and ministered to a poor colored man, under 
sentence to be executed for theft. On the 20th he went tO' 
Taylor's Island. He says, *'We had a profitable season there." 
The next day he went to^ "Todds," Todd's Chapel, in Lakes 
district; now called "Ebenezer." He says, "I found a warm' 
people, indeed. I injured myself by speaking too loud. 

"Saturday, 23. Rode thirty miles to Mr. Airy's. preaching 
by the way. We had a great time — multitudes attended. 
Dorset is now in peace, and the furies are still." 

Not until 1799 did Bishop Asbury again visit Dorchester. 
On May 17 he attended a quarterly meeting at Cambridge, 
which was held in a barn. He stopped with Henry Ennalls 
as he came to Cambridge, and with Bartholomew Ennalls, on 
his way to Vienna. He mentions one Cambridge citizen as 
follows : "I rejoiced that Doctor Edward White was stand- 
ing firm in the grace of God ; and that the Lord had blessed 
the souls of his children." His next visit to the county and 



134 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Cambridge was in April, 1802; on Saturday, stopped with 
Henry Ennalls, where he preached, on Sunday, the i8th. He 
says, "We had a fuH house at Cambridge. Our new ChapeP 
is two stories; well planned, and neatly finished. After exhor- 
tations and sacrament, Bishop Whatcoat preached. Meeting 
ended, we rode fourteen miles through the rain to B. En- 
nalls." The homes of the Ennalls families, were evidently 
favorite places for traveling ministers to temporarily abide. 

Bishop Asbury's final visit to Dorchester County, w^as in 
April, 18 10. It is well to quote him here. "On Monday, 
16, I preached at Ennalls' Chapel, dined at the Widow' 
Ennalls, rode on twelve miles tO' Cambridge, and lodged with 
Dr. White. Tuesday I gave them a discourse in Cambridge. 
Called upon G. Ward, and rode forward to Thomas Foster's 
pleasant cjpttage. On Wednesday, I had a meeting at Wash- 
ington Chapel; it was a quiet, solemn and feeling time. I 
met the Society tO' my great joy; they are faithful." 

Six years later Mr. Asbury ceased his arduous Christian 
work, dying in Virginia, in 181 6. 

The five little Methodist societies orgailized at private 
family homes in Dorchester County, in 1780, are now repre- 
sented by fifty imposing church edifices, sustained by fifty 
influential congregations of white people, and by twenty-two 
churches for colored people, with very creditable fo'llowings." 

Rev. Henry Boehm, author of "Boehm's Reminiscences," 
was assigned by the Philadelphia Conference, to Dorchester 
Circuit in 1800. This was his first appointment. He says, 
"With weakness, fear, and much trembling. I entered upon 
my new field of labor and began to cultivate Immanuel's land. 
The arrival of a new preacher, a German youth from Pennsyl- 
vania, was soon noised abroad, and this called out many to 
see and hear. * * * For two months I sufi^ered pow- 
erful temptations to abandon my work and return home." 

'This chapel was built on Church Street nearly opposite the residence of 
Wm. F. Drain. 

'■The books used for reference in the above church narrative are, 
"Freeborn Garrettson's Journal," "Asbury's Journals," 3 vols., "Boehm's 
Reminiscences," and "Methodism in America." 



BAPTIST CHURCHES I35 

Mrs, Ennalls, whoi was a Goldsboroiigh, the wife of Henry 
Ennalls, discovered his depression, and urged him to con- 
tinue in his work, and this encouragement kept him in the 
ministry. He writes kindly of Mrs. Ennalls, and says after 
the death of Mr. Ennalls, she married Robert Carmann of 
Pipe Creek." 

While on this circuit Mr. Boehm collected the names of all 
the Methodist classes and their memibers; in later years an 
interesting- record to him, which "would be still more soi if 
we knew the destiny of each," he says: "Among the names 
I find on the class-book in Cambridge, are Dr. Edward White, 
Mary Ann White, his wife, and Eliza White, Sarah White, 
and Mary White, his three daughters. * * * Here 
resided Dr. Edward White, who helped to give tone and char- 
acter to- Methodism." 

M. E. CHURCH BRANCHES. 

Two offsprings of Wesleyan Methodism — the Methodist 
Protestant, and Methodist Episc^opal Church South — are 
flourishing denominations in Dorchester Coimty; the former 
has thirteen modern churches, well supplied with al)le minis- 
ters, and zealously sustained by influential communities. The 
latter has eight attractive and conmiodious churches, whose 
pulpits are ever filled by a refined and cultured ministry that 
attract large and intelligent audiences for the extension of 
Christianity and church prosperity. 

The history of the org-anization of the Methodist Protest- 
ant Church, and the M. E. Church South, by the withdrawal 
of the members and church congregations from the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Church, is so' well known that no' reference is 
required here. 

BAPTIST CHURCHES. 

The First Baptist Church of Cambridge is the outgrowth 
of efforts made from time to- time by several missionaries. 
In 188 1 a hall was rented and in it preaching established. 
The corner-stone of the present church was laid July 23, 



136 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

1884, and in the same year the building was constructed, 
and dedicated November the 2d. It has a seating capacity 
for about four hundred worshipers, and is an ornament to 
that part of the town in which it is situated. The present 
membership is about one hundred, and the pastor is Rev. 
W. S. B. Ford, of South Carolina. 

There are two other missionary Baptist churches in the 
county, one at East New Market and one at Vienna. The 
latter was organized in 1850. 



Old Burying Grounds. 

\ CHAPTER XVI. 

The oldest marked graves now known of in Dorchester 
County are on the Huffington Farm, a few miles from Cam- 
bridge, where there are three, each covered with marble 
slabs about level with the surface of the ground. Two of 
them, after having lain there 218 years, are well preserved 
with legible inscriptions. On one is the following: "Here 
Lyeth Interred The Body of Magdelen Stevens, who 
departed this life, Nov. 24, Anno Dom. 1679." On another: 
"Here Lyeth Interred The Body of WilHam Stevens, who 
departed this life, December, Anno Dom. 1684." 

On another tomb beside these twO' is a flaked and broken 
slab, indicating greater age, on which no legible words can 
be found, owing to its decayed condition. 

PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH CEMETERY, 
CAMBRIDGE. 

Christ Protestant Episcopal Church, that stands in the 
comer of the cemetery lot, casts its morning shadows over 
an arc of hallowed ground, the tenanted home of departed 
nundreds, whom the "Death Angel" hath gathered, some 
untimely, within the last 200 years. In this little city of the 
dead many precious emblems have been placed by the ten- 
derest love of the living in their day, in devoted remembrance 
of life's sweetest associations in the past, with those who 
there repose in the earthly chambers of death. 

About this old cemetery and its early environs, the stately 
ancient brick wall, and old iron gates, oft left "ajar," where 
the wintry night winds moan their sad requiems in the barren 
boughs of leafless trees, and the pale moonbeams fall on 



138 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

many marble sentinels keeping their constant vigil over the 
mortal remains of departed spirits, there is a feeling of solem- 
nity, and pedestrians reverentially tread as they pass that way. 

Many of the oldest graves in this churchyard are not 
marked with inscribed tablets or monuments of stone tO' 
denote who were there buried. 

Among the old memorials we find the following: 

"Here hes the body of Sarah, the wife of Doct. Wm. M. 
Murray, who departed this life Nov. 19, 1742." 

"Here lies the body of Major Thomas Nevitt, who' 
departed this life the loth day of February, Annoque Domini 
1748-9, aged sixty-four years and six months." 

"There's a gloomy vale between us, 
Pass through, I'm gone before." 

"John Rider Nevitt, unfortunately drowned in the river 
Choptank on the 13th of April, 1772." 

"In memory of John Murray, Attorney at Law. Son of Wil- 
liam and Frances Murray of Somerset County. He died on 
the 13th day of April, 1772, in the 31 year of his age." 

On one tomb are tw^o memorial inscriptions, as follow : 

"In memory of Mrs. ^^''illamina Goldsborough. wife of 
Charles Goldsborough, Daughter of Rev. Dr. Wm. Smith 
of Philadelphia. 

"Died Dec. 19. 1790, aged 28 years." 

Also: 

"To the memory of Willaniina Elizabeth Goldsborough. 
Her mournful parents inscri1:)e this tablet. 

"Called from this mortal scene in bloom of life, 
Here lies a much loved daughter, mother, wife. 
To whom each grace and excellence were given, 
A Saint on Earth, an Angel now in Heaven." 



OLD BURYING GROUNDS 1 39 

FAMILY BURYING GROUND IN LAKES, FARM 
"KEENE'S DELIGHT." 

"In Memory of Matthew Keene. Esq., who was born Jan. 
1st, 1763, and departed this Hfe Oct. 22, 1814, in the 57 year 
of his age. 

"Long win the affections of an amiable and virtuous 
Father hve in the bleeding hearts of his disconsolate 
children." 

"In memory of Sallie Keene, consort of Matthew Keene. 
Esq. who departed this life in the 47 year of her life, Dec. 4. 
1804." 

"In memory of John Keene, died Jan. 8, 18 12, 76 year of 
his age." 

"In memory of Catherine, wife of John Keene. who was 
born Nov. 1784; departed this life in 1856." 



M. E. CHURCH CEMETERY, CAMBRIDGE. 

"In memory of David Straughn born April 15, 1800 — Died 
March 14, 1869." 

"Sacred to the memory of Dr. Edward White who de- 
parted this life the 27th March 1826 in the 72nd year of his 
age. 

"It may truly be said of this great and good man that he 
lived respected and died lamented not only by his near rela- 
tives, but by all who knew his worth. 

"Those virtues which adorn the man of firm friendship, 
stern integrity and genuine Christianity were exemplified in 
an eminent degree during the whole of his long and useful 
life. 

"Early in life when the Declaration of 1776 was read, sum- 
moning the patriots to arms in defence of our most sacred 



140 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

rights he stepped forward and the day we continue to cele- 
brate he was a soldier equipped at his own personal expense. 

"For nearly thirty years he has been an experimental and 
practical Christian, his house a home for ministers of the 
Gospel and his liberal hand always ready to contribute to 
their support. 

"The poor partook eagerly of his benevolence and the 
afflicted had the benefit of his medical skill (when poor, with- 
out fee or reward * * )." 

"Sacred to the memory of Mrs. Mary White, relict of the 
late Doctor Edw. White, who departed this life, Sept. 27 — 
A. D. — 1833 — in the 70th year of her age." 

"In memory of Mrs. Elizabeth Warfield — daughter of Dr. 
Edward White who departed this life Dec. the 5th 18 — aged 
35 years." 

*'Dr. Francis P. Phelps, born Jan. 31, 1799 — Died Nov. 
18, 1886." 

On the Mitchell farm near Corner's Ville, a grave stone has 
this inscription : 

"John lyritchell, Senr. Departed this Hfe in 181 5, in the 
io6th year of his age." 



Elections and Political History. 
CHAPTER XVII. 

ELECTIONS — VOTING QUALIFICATIONS — METHOD OF VOTING — ELECTION DIS- 
TRICTS — JUDGES OF ELECTION — DIVISION OF COUNTY INTO HUNDREDS 
— DIVISION INTO ADDITIONAL DISTRICTS— POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE 
COUNTY. 

From 1687 to 1800 all elections for county officers in 
Dorchester County and members of the Assembly of Mary- 
land were held at Cambridge, and every voter who had the 
required qualifications, fifty acres of land, or forty pounds 
sterling in money or personal property, who decided to vote 
was obliged to go there to exercise his rights, not by casting 
a ballot but viva voce; that is, the voters told the Judge or 
Judges of the election the names of the persons for whom 
they proposed tO' vote. The Sheriff of the county was then 
Judge of the election and made the official returns of the 
result. At some period of the 112 years of this method of 
elections, the polls were kept open four days in succession 
for the convenience of voters who lived in remote parts of the 
county; for instance, in the locality of places now known as 
Denton, Hillsborough and Greensborough. 

In 1799 a Commission was appointed to divide the county 
into Election Districts, likely for the convenience of the 
voters. The divisions made by the Commissioners were 
outlined and defined as follows: 

"All that part of the county laying to^ the Eastward of the 
following lines, to wit: Beginning at the Mouth of Chica- 
nacomico River and up said river to the head thereof, as has 
been laid off heretofore, till it intersects the main road by 
Mrs. Minor's, thence with that road to Mr. Henry Dickin- 
son's on the head of Secretary Creek, including New Mar- 
ket with the dwelling house of Mr. James Sulivane, together 



142 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

with the dwelling house of said Henry Dickinson, and the 
several islands heretofore laid off and belonging to said dis- 
trict, tO' wit : Elliott's Island and the adjacent islands to 
compose the first district and the place of holding the elec- 
tion in said district at the plantation of John Reed, Esquire, 
called Reeds Grove. 

"All that part of the said county that lyeth to the South- 
ward and Westward of the following lines, to wit : Beginning 
at the mouth of the Little Choptank River and running up 
the same to the mouth of Fishing Creek, then up said creek 
to the mouth of Church Creek, then up Church Creek to the 
head thereof to the house formerly occupied by Capt. Nathan 
Wright, from thence down the Black Water road to the new 
road made by John Williams and Thomas Colsten, and with 
that road to Black Water River near William Reed's plan- 
tation, then down said river to the mouth thereof, includ- 
ing all the islands heretofore laid off for said district, to wit : 
Hopkins Island and adjacent islands to compose the second 
district and the place of holding the election in said district 
at the dwelling" house of Jacob Todd, hereafter to be known 
by the name of Toddsville. 

"All that part of Dorchester County not included in the 
first and second districts to compose the third district, and 
the place of holding election in said district at Cambridge 
in the Court House. 
"April 8, 1800. 

(Seal.) Moses LeCompte. 

(Seal.) Rob. Dennis. 

(Seal.) Wm. M. Robertson. 

(Seal.) Sam. Hooper. 

(Seal.) E. Richardson." 



FIRST DIVISION OF THE COUNTY INTO 
HUNDREDS. 

The first political divisions of Dorchester County were 
hundreds, of which there is no of^cial record to be found 



COUNTY DIVIDED INTO DISTRICTS I43 

of their boundary lines, but the locations of the hundreds 
are recognizable by their names. They were laid out prior 
to 1689, when there were few roads through the vast forests 
which were only bounded by creeks, streams and other bodies 
of water. 

The names of the hundreds were : 

1. Great Choptank Hundred. 

2. Nanticoke Hundred. 

3. Transquaking- Hundred. 

4. Fishing Creek Hundred. 

5. Little Choptank Hundred. 

6. Hermitage (or Armitage) Hundred. 

7. Straits Hundred. 

8. Cambridge Hundred. 

These divisions of the county were recognized in the 
appointment of constables, road overseers and other district 
officials, but were not election districts. They were retained 
as county divisions until 1829 when the county was divided 
into eight election districts herein named. 

COUNTY DIVIDED INTO EIGHT DISTRICTS. 

In 1829 a commission was appointed by Act of the Assem- 
bly of Maryland that divided the county into eight election 
districts, namely: Fork, East New Market, Vienna, Par- 
son's Creek, Lakes, Hooper's Island, Cambridge and Neck. 
Since then at different times some districts have been divided 
or subdivided and new ones made until sixteen election dis- 
tricts have been laid out, two of which have been divided into 
precincts, viz : Cambridge into four precincts and Straits 
three. 

From 1773 to 1880 the division line between Dorchester 
and Caroline Counties extended along the roads and streets 
that then divided the town of Federalsburg into two civil 
divisions, which was detrimental to its municipal growth. In 
1880 every voter, seventy in number, that lived in the part of 
the town lying in Dorchester County, petitioned the Legisla- 



144 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

ture to change the boundary Hne and transfer the part of the 
town and suburbs then laid of¥ in Dorchester County to 
, CaroHne County, which was authorized and accordingly 
transferred. By that transfer, Dorchester County lost about 
three hundred inhabitants and fifty thousand dollars' worth 
of taxable property. The taxpayers thus transferred paid 
$614 to Dorchester County, their proportion of the bonded 
debt of the county. 

POLITICAL HISTORY OF DORCHESTER 
COUNTY. 

Before Dorchester County was organized in 1669, the peo- 
ple in colonial Maryland had formed, at least, two political 
parties, based partly on the Whig and Tory principles of 
England, but largely on religious creeds, which were so 
radically conflicting at that period as tO' excite at times 
intense prejudice, persecution and violence in one of the 
ruling parties of the province when in official control. 

In the Protestant Revolution of 1689, the people in the 
county seem to have been passive and to have readily 
submitted to the rule of the Revolutionists and to the 
establishment of royal control without noticeable dis- 
sent, probably because the great majority of them were 
Protestants. This political change brought no good times 
to Marylanders, and when the royal governors and council, 
with the radical Assemblies laid heavy taxes for use 
of the King's officers, provincial expenses, and "forty pounds 
per poll" for church support with compulsory attendance 
at church on the Sabbath, and adopted other restrictive 
measures that would not permit Catholics to hold either 
public or private religious worship or have schools for their 
children at home or send them abroad to be educated, a wide- 
spread opposition arose to the King's rule, which found only 
partial redress after twenty-four years' forbearance, when the 
Proprietary government was reestablished in 171 5. This < 
relief that gradually came before the Revolution of '76 was 



POLITICAL PARTIES 145 

counteracted by other difficulties that involved political dif- 
ferences. As the colonists had been heavily taxed under the 
rule of royalty, they were not disposed to levy large amounts 
for the use of the Proprietary and his salaried officials in 
the province. Thus the adherents of the Proprietar}^ and his 
council on one side and the people who chose the Assemblies 
on the other side, constituted two distinct parties in each 
county. For forty years of this period the Dorchester Dele- 
gates elected to the Assemblies (among whom were Henry 
Hooper, Bartholomew Ennalls, Jr., Thomas Woolford, 
Daniel Sulivane, Henry Travers, Philemon LeCompte and 
many other prominent members) firmly opposed Proprie- 
tary aggressions and gradually gained concessions of advan- 
tage to the people. English restrictions on colonial trade 
also became so intolerant that local differences over home 
affairs faded into insignificance before graver dangers that 
threatened the destruction of sacred rights belonging to 
Maryland colonists. 

Though this overwhelming sentiment against coercion 
by England was so strong, yet there existed weak factions of 
opposition in every county, Dorchester not excepted, that 
were derisively called Tories during and after the Revolution. 

Some Tories in Dorchester County were arrested while the 
war was being waged and were obliged to take the oath of 
allegiance to the State, or be held as political prisoners 
whose sympathies and conduct gave support to England, 
and who endangered American independence. 

Prominent Tories w^ere obliged to leave the county and 
country during or after the close of the war. 

Throughout the Revolution there was practically but one 
political party in the county and State, but after the restora- 
tion of peace and plans for a Federal government were dis- 
cussed, different opinions on a matter of such vital interest 
:to the people, developed two: parties, "Federalists" and 
"Anti-Federalists." The first favored and the latter opposed 
the adoption of the Federal Constitution. Just here it is 

10 



146 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

quite appropriate to say that the people of Dorchester 
County were not all absolute followers of distinguished 
leaders elsewhere, but that notable men of influence repre- 
sented the county and prominently helped to construct our 
union of States under the Federal Constitution. After its 
adoption in 1788 and the nomination of George Washington 
for President, the Anti-Federalists were left without an issue 
on which to base an opposition. This fact well explains how 
the vote of Dorchester was cast at that election. Then Wash- 
ington, Jefferson, Madison and Randolph were all Federalists, 
but the party policy then adopted by Hamilton and other 
leaders in regard to national finances and the centralizing ten- 
dency of the powers of the general government as then admin- 
istered aroused the opposition of Thomas Jefferson, Madison 
and Randolph, who organized the "Republican" party. Their 
policy, influenced and equally divided the electoral vote of 
Maryland in 1800, giving Adams and Pinkney five votes 
and Jefferson and Burr five, though the Dorchester and Car- 
oline Elector, Mr. Robinson, a Federalist, was elected. Party 
leaders in the county who followed the Hon. John Henry, 
who had served in the Continental Congress, United States 
Senate and who was elected Governor of the State November 
13, 1797, still kept the county under Federal control. 

HOW DORCHESTER VOTED AND WHO WERE 
ELECTED IN THOSE DAYS. 

It may interest some politician to discover that party men 
could change their political course a hundred years ago, 
when policies justified it, as readily as men do now for vari- 
ous causes. 

From the Baltimore Anicrican and Federal Gazette, some 
election returns from Dorchester County about that period 
are here in part given {tinofficiaUy) : 

In 1802 Solomon Frazier, Isaac Steele, Chas. Golds- 
borough, and Mathew Keene, all Federalists, were elected 



CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE I47 

Delegates to^ the General Assembly. At this session James 
Murray was a candidate before the Assembly for Governor. 

In 1803 Goldsborough, Frazier, Keene, and Josiah Bayly, 
all Federalists, were chosen for the Assembly. 



HUNGRY APPLICANTS FOR OFFICE IN THE 
COUNTY NINETY-NINE YEARS AGO. 

In 1803 there was a vacancy in the office of Register of 
Wills in Dorchester County, to be filled by the General 
Assembly of Maryland. The following named gentlemen 
were candidates before the Senate and House : George 
Ward, Ezekiel Richardson, John E. Gist, Samuel Brown. 
Howes Goldsborough, John Murray. John Craig, James B. 
Sullivan, Wm. W. Eccleston, John Crapper and Daniel 
McDonnell. On November the 25th, John Crapper was 
elected, receiving 44 votes. Ezekiel Richardson, who was 
next highest, received 31 votes. 

In 1804 Solomon Frazier, Josiah Bayly, Federalists, and 
Joseph Ennalls and John Eccleston, claimed as Federalists, 
were elected Delegates. 

In 1805 Frazier, Ennalls, George Ward, and John Smoot 
represented the county in the Assembly. 

In 1806 Frazier, Ward. Smoot, and Robert Dennis were 
the Delegates. Hon. Charles Goldsborough was elected 
to Congress, the vote in the district being, Charles Golds- 
borough, Federalist, 3143; Philip Quinton, Republican, 
1366. In Dorchester, Goldsborough received 1680 votes 
and Quinton 59 votes. 

In 1807 Dennis, Ennalls, Frazier and Hugh Henry were 
elected Members of the House. 

In 1808 Ennalls, Frazier, Dennis and Edward Griffith 
were the Delegates; Ennalls being Republican, the others 
Federalists. Smoot, a Republican, lost his election by the 
rejection of one or twO' votes. 

In 1809 Benjamin W. LeCompte, Edward Griffith, Solo- 
mon Frazier, Michael Lucas, Federalists, were elected by 



148 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

200 majority over the Republicans, patriots as well as politi- 
cians, Frederick Bennett, John Smoot and others. 

In 1810 Delegates Frederick Bennett, Washington 
Eccleston, Republicans; Solomon Frazier and John Stewart, 
Federalists, were the people's choice. 

In 181 1 Joseph Ennalls, Frederick Bennett and John 
Smoot were the Democrats elected under a new party name 
and Edward Griffith, a Federalist. 

In 181 1 the following resolution was adopted by the 
House : 

''Resolved, That the Treasurer of the Western Shore, 
* * * pay annually in quarter payments, to Frederick 
Bennett, of Dorchester County, an old revolutionary soldier, 
the half-pay of a corporal during the remainder of his life 
as a remuneration for his meritorious services." 

1812, October 6. Votes for Congressmen, Delegates and 
Sheriff were : 

Congressmen: Chas. Goldsborough, Federalist, 1197; 
Williams, Democrat and Republican, 729. 

Delegates: Federalists, Jno. Stewart, 1159; Benj. 
LeCompte, 1156; Ed. Griffith, 1125; Rich. Tootle, 1154. 
Democrat and Republican, Eccleston, 738; Geoghegan, 781; 
Waters, 755; Bennett, 729. 

Sheriff: Federalist, Pattison, 1125. Democrat and 
Republican, Harper, 822. 

A majority of the people in Dorchester were evidently 
opposed to the War of 181 2, as shown by their vote. 

1813. Assembly vote was: 

Federalists. Stewart, 1148; Griffith, 1133; Tootle, 1139; 
LeCompte, 1137. 

Democrat and Republican, Lake, 728; Waggaman, 718; 
Sanford, 717; Geoghegan, 706. 

In 1814 the same Delegates were reelected, evidently 
Federalists, namely: John Stewart, Richard Tootle, Benj. 
W. LeCompte and Edward Griffith. 



CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE I49 

In 1815 Robert Hart, a Federalist, was elected in the place 
of Mr. Tootle. 

1816. The Assembly vote was: 

Federalists, Ed. Griffith, 882; B. W. LeCompte, 889; R. 
Hart, 886; T. Pitt, 890. 

Democrat and Republican, Sol. Frazier, 555; J. Willis, 549; 
L. Lake, 557; A, S. Stanwood, 557. 

1817. Thos. Pitt, B. W. LeCompte, Henry Keene, Ed. 
Griffith, Federalists, were Members of the House of Dele- 
gates. 

In 1818, October 5, there was a close vote for Delegates, as 
follows : 

Federalists, B. W. LeCompte, 898; Thos. Pitt, 876; Henry 
Keene, 876; Edward Griffith, 865. 

Democrats, Solomon Frazier, 890; Wm. W. Eccleston, 
888; Levin Lake, 878; J. R. W. Pitt, 834. 

Charles Goldsborough was elected Governor by the Leg- 
islature. 

The vote cast for Assembly candidates October 2, 1820, 
was: 

Republican, Wm. W. Eccleston, 1020; Levin Lake, 1009; 
Solomon Frazier, 999; George Lake, 998. 

Federalists, B. W. LeCompte, 998; Michael Lucas, 988; 
Edward Griffith, 988; Daniel Jackson, 962. 

There was a tie vote between George Lake and B. W. 
LeCompte. 

The Assembly vote for Governor at this session was 48 
for Samuel Spriggs and 46 for Charles Goldsborough. 

1824, October 4. Jackson Elector, Josiah Bayly. For 
John Q. Adams, Daniel Martin. 

House of Delegates elected: 

Jno. N. Steele, 1018 votes; Thos. L. H. Eccleston, 944 



JVofe. — At the election of 1818 soldiers from Fort McHenry and marines 
from a U. S. Frigate were marched in squads to the polls in Baltimore and 
voted, though they were mostly non-residents. Only one soldier is said 
to have voted the Democratic ticket, still the Federal ticket was beaten in 
the city. See American. 



150 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

votes; Mathias Travers, 891 votes; Dr. Daniel Sulivane, 957 
votes. 

Sheriff, Thos. H. Hicks. 1053 votes. 

As the years passed, party names were changed for local 
effect. In 1821 tickets were headed "National Republican" 
by one party and by the other "Jackson." In 1823 the 
word "Federalist" was again used. In 1827 the "Adminis- 
tration" ticket for the Assembly elected three Delegates, 
J. F. Williams, George Lake and B. J. Goldsborough; and on 
the "Jackson" ticket, John Douglass. 

In 1828 it was this way: 

"Adams" Delegates, Francis E. Phelps, Thomas Eccleston, 
Martin Wright, elected; "Jackson" Delegate. Mathew Hard- 
castle, elected. 

October 5, 1829, the vote for House Members was: 

"Anti-Jackson," John N. Steele, 913*; Brice J. Golds- 
borough, 913*; Thos. H. Hicks, 863*; Matthias Travers, 826. 

"Jackson," James A. Stewart, 845; Joseph Ennalls, 800; 
Mathew Hardcastle, 885*; Henry C. Elbert, 832. 

In 1830 the "Anti-Jackson" ticket was elected by the vote 
here given : 

Assembly Delegates : 

"Anti-Jackson," Thos. H. Hicks, 1126; Benj. G. Keene, 
1 126; Jno. N. Steele, 11 12; Martin L. Wright, 1094. 

"Jackson," Jas. A. Stewart, 1009; M. Hardcastle, 916; 
Smart, 828; Goldsborough, 809. 

At the election, held October i, 1832, Jno. N. Steele, Clay 
Elector, received 958 votes, and James A. Stewart, the 
Jackson Elector, 668. 

In 1833, October 7, the Congressional vote in the county 
was 963 for Jas. A. Stewart and 857 for L. P. Dennis, who was 
elected to Congress by 200 majority. 



*Elected. 

Note. — It has not been nor will it be the author's intention to express 
his private opinion on National or State Administrations in order to show 
what effect or influence they may have had on the politics of the people in 
Dorchester County at any period. 



THE LEGISLATURE I5I 

LEGISLATIVE TICKETS. 

"National Republican," M. L. Wright, 934; J. F. Eccles- 
ton, 830; Robert Griffith, 1028. 

"Nominated Ticket," J. Nichols, 886; H. L. McNamare, 

949- 

For the last eight or ten years prior tO' 1836 the average 
Whig majorities had been about 1500 in the State of Mary- 
land, which went for Harrison that year by 3684 majority. 

The vote in Dorchester for Delegates and Sheriff was: 

Delegates: Whig, T. H. Hicks, 1085; J. Q. H. Eccles- 
ton, 1065; B. G. Keene, 1071; Wm. Folengin, 1142. 

Van Buren, John Rowens, 831; Rich. Pattison, 829; Henry 
Keene, 842; L. D. Travers, 823. 

Sherifif: Whig, James Waddell, iioi. 

Van Buren, Henry Cook, 834. 

In 1839, October 2, the Congressional vote in the county 
gave Dennis, a Whig, 170 majority over Jas. A. Stewart, a 
Van Buren Democrat. 

In 1840 the Whig Delegates received, by districts, the 
following vote : 

Jacobs. Keene. Frazier. Tall. 

Fork 62 52 52 52 

East New Market 165 146 147 140 

Vienna 140 141 143 140 

Parson's Creek 91 94 93 96 

Lakes 262 262 262 262 

Hooper's Island 62 62 61 61 

Cambridge 253 265 252 251 

Neck 95 98 103 97 

In the House of Delegates there were 60 Whigs and 19 
Van Burenites; in the Senate, 15 Whigs and 6 Van Burenites. 

Cambridge, Md., July 19, 1841. 
The Whig Convention nominated the following ticket : 
For the Legislature, Joseph R. Eccleston, Levin Richard- 
son, Dr. Joseph Nichols and Wm. K. Travers. 



152 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

County Commissioiiers, John N^ewton, John Muir and 
Samuel Harrington. 

At the election, October 6, the vote was : 

Governor: Whig, Johnson, 1142. 

Locofoco,^ Thomas, 816. 

House of Delegates: Whig, Eccleston, 11 65; Nichols, 
1094; Travers, 1090; Richardson, 1092. 

Locofocos, Jackson, 845; Cannon, 823; Hooper, 820; 
Ennalls, 794. 



HENRY CLAY FIRST NAMED IN BALTIMORE. 

From the American, August 25, 1842: 

"Maryland — Mr. Clay. 

"It will be seen by the proceedings of the Whig State Con- 
vention, which are given in detail in this morning's American, 
including the address to the People of Maryland, that the 
tried patriot and eminent Statesman, Henry Clay, of Ken- 
tucky, has been in the name of the Whigs of Maryland, 
formally and unanimously nominated for the Presidency." 

The Delegates to this Convention from Dorchester 
County were J. C. Henry, Joseph Nichols, Henry Page, W. 
T. Goldsborough, John R. Keene, Reuben Tall, Henry L. 
McNamara, Jacob Wilson, Thomas F. Eccleston, James 
Steele, W. B. Chaplain and Levin Keene. 

A Washington paper, the Washington True Whig, makes 
the following comment or criticism on Maryland nomina- 
tions : 



^"In the campaign of 1840, in New York, the 'Hard Money Demo- 
crats,' who opposed chartering State banks, organized an 'Equal Rights' 
party, called by their opponents 'Locofocos,' a name given by the Whigs 
to the entire Democratic party at that time. This word was derived from 
matches used to relight a hall after the lights had been extinguished by 
their opponents." Possibly the putting out of lights at political meetings 
was a party trick quite annoying in New York City. 



CANDIEXATES FOR OFFICE 153 

"It was Maryland, in 1836, that first put the names of Har- 
rison and Tyler together, and Maryland on Wednesday last 
led the way in recording her regrets for the deed, making 
the only atonement possible in the case." 

At the State election, held October 5, the vote for the Leg- 
islature was : 

Whigs, Phelps, 912; Travers, 904; LeCompte, 886; Greene, 
867. 

Independent, Henry, 620; Woolford, 609; Abbott, 348. 

Sheriff: Whig, Wm. B. Dail, 891. 

Independent, Moore, 717. 

1843. October 4. "A most unexpected result is realized in 
this county, which although decidedly Whig, has elected 
three Locofoco Delegates and one Whig." Vote as follows: 

Whig, F. P. Phelps, 914*; Jos. Nichols, 896; L. Richard- 
son, 859; J. B. Chaplain, 841. 

Locofocos, Jas. A. Stewart, 993*; John W. Dail, 943*; 
Daniel Cannon, 900; James Smith, 885. 

1845, October. Delegates: Whigs, Boon, 1122; Eccles- 
ton, 1 129; Frazier, 1121; Jas. Smith, 1064. 

Locofocos, Rowins, 857; LeCompte, 920; Pearcy, 888: 
Woolford, 851. 

In 1844 the Maryland Assembly consisted of 61 Whigs 
and 21 Locofocos, 

In 1845, 43 Whigs and 39 Locofocos. 

1847, October 6. County vote for Governor: 

Wliig, Goldsborough, 1281. 

Locofoco, Thomas, 864. 

Congress: Whig, Crisfield, 1236. 

Locofoco, LeCompte, 897. 

Assembly: Whigs, Keene, 1230; Chaplain, 1257; Hodson, 
1262; Tall, 1226. 

*EIected. 



154 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Locofoco, Robertson, 885; Turpin, 881; Thompson, 883; 
Cornwell, 857. 

House had: Whigs, 58; Locofocos, 24. 

THE NOMINATION OF WM. T. GOLDSBOROUGH. 

The Whig Convention that nominated Wm. T. Golds- 
borough met in Cambridge, June 17, 1847. The Dorchester 
Delegates were Capt. Wm. Sulivane, Levin Keene, Col. Jno. 
H. Hodson, Reuben Tall and Jas. A. Waddell. "A church 
festival, held that evening for the benefit of a church, as 
well as a grand ball given in the town hall by the people, 
were liberally patronized. A number of the Delegates were 
invited to Mr. Goldsborough's hospitable mansion, about 
five miles below Cambridge. As the steamer returned to 
Baltimore, the boat was run near the shore off Mr. Golds- 
borough's, and the passengers rent the air with congratula- 
tions. A loud response from a large company on shore 
warmly reechoed the salutation." — American. 

In 1853 a new party, the American party, was originated 
in New York. Its leaders proposed to stand for universal 
education, reformation of the naturalization laws, protection 
of American labor, liberal aid for river and harbor improve- 
ments, government aid and for the Union Pacific Railroad, and 
not to interfere with the use of the Bible in public schools. 
This party sentiment soon took effect in Maryland and 
became a substitute for Whigism. While the Whig party was 
disintegrating on National issues, the people in Dorchester 
County who could not believe in Democratic principles were 
slow to endorse the anti-slavery leaders and Free-Soilers of 
the North and West. Being mostly Protestants, they read- 
ily became "Know-Nothings" and thus controlled the county 
for a time. 

At the Congressional election in 1855 the vote in the 
county for Jas. A. Stewart. 11 18; for Dennis, 1155. Stew- 
art's majority in the district was 305. 

In 1856 the vote for President or Electors is here given 
by districts : 



TABULATED VOTE 155 

American Party. Democratic Party. 

Fillmore. Buchanan. 

Fork io6 119 

East New Market 112 262 

Vienna 69 74 

Parson's Creek 121 71 

Lakes 166 58 

Hooper's Island 71 20 

Cambridge 212 185 

Neck 130 63 

Church Creek 83 35 

Straits 184 149 

Drawbridge 41 26 



1295 1052 

Col. James Wallace w^as Fillmore Elector-at-Large. 
In 1857 the vote for Governor by districts was : 

Hicks. Groome. 

Fork 121 105 

East New Market 126 258 

Vienna loi 52 

Parson's Creek 120 81 

Lakes 169 65 

Hooper's Island 51 , 28 

Cambridge 231 161 

Neck 126 67 

Church Creek 85 48 

Straits 138 10 

Drawbridge 44 53 



13 12 928 

The Congressional vote in the county and district was 
close; Jas. A. Stewart's majority in the county was 10 votes 
and in the district 19. 



156 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The Legislative ticket, American, was elected; the mem- 
bers were John W. Dail, Levin Richardson and Horatio G. 
Graves. 

In 1859 Charles F. Goldsboroiigh, on the American ticket, 
was elected State Senator. The Delegates were John R. 
Keene, American; William Holland and Z. W. Linthicum, 
Democrats. 

THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. 
i860, November 6. Vote by districts: 

Bell. Breckenridge. Douglas. Lincoln. 

Fork 87 145 I 

EastNewMarket 75 170 9 

Vienna 78 96 6 

Parson's Creek. 123 88 i 6 

Lakes 133 82 2 3 

Hooper's Island J'j 50 

Cambridge .... 211 209 11 5 

Neck ' 147 84 I I 

Church Creek.. 82 57 .. 8 

Straits ....... 156 18 . . 4 ^ 

Drawbridge ... 41 84 .. i 

Williamsburg . . 53 102 . . 6 

1263 1 185 31 34 

( . 
Following this surprising election, at which the people 

chose Abraham Lincoln President, an intense excitement 
seized the public mind, chiefly brought about by the revolu- 
tionary attitude assumed by South Carolina and other South- 
ern States. 



CHAPTER XVIII. 

EXCITEMENT PRECEDING THE CIVIL CONFLICT — DIVISION OF PUBLIC SENTI- 
MENT CAUSED BY THE WAR — THE POLITICAL EFFECT PRODUCED BY 
"emancipation" — NEGRO SUFFRAGE INTENSELY OPPOSED. 

In the winter of i860 and 1861, the people in Dorchester 
County, as in other sections of the State and country, were 
much excited at the threatened Civil War and dissolution of 
the Federal Government by the secession of some of the 
Southern States. Public sentiment divided the people irre- 
spective of past party association into two classes, the larger 
class being in favor of maintaining the Federal Union 
of the States; the other and smaller class in favor of "South- 
ern Rights," and the secession of Maryland. 

Bitter controversies and opposing sympathies stirred the 
people with stronger feelings than were ordinarily enter- 
tained in party sentiment, which divided members of the 
same families and firm friends of past years to the extent of 
becoming bitter and even, in some cases, belligerent enemies. 
This inflamed state of public feeling was gradually suppressed 
by the Federal soldiery who were quartered in many parts 
of the State during the year 1861. 

The introduction of the war and early battles influenced 
• many patriots to volunteer in the army of their choice 
to fight for the principles they personally proposed to main- 
tain.^ 

For several years, or during the war, the people in the 
county felt the restrictions and great inconvenience of army 
regulations, though not much of the time under a military 
guard. Any person from the county who went to Baltimore 
could not return home on sail or steam vessels without a pass 



^In this volume is published the names of a number of soldiers who 
served in the Federal and Confederate Armies from Dorchester County. 



158 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

from the Provost Marshal in the city, a restriction that lasted 
for months. 

As the war continued and the emancipation proclamation 
came, there arose a change in the political sentiment of the 
people, many of whom were by the law of military necessity 
deprived from voting at the general elections, by military 
guards, unless they took the oath of "allegiance," which some 
refused to do. 

During this war period the high prices of farm products 
and the large amount of money in circulation, induced some 
of the industrious and business people to engage in various 
enterprises to the extent of allaying party feelings on both 
sides, which did not revive again until the right of "suffrage" 
was given the negroes in 1869, when a majority of the people 
(who' were Democrats), became fired anew with intense 
opposition to Republican methods in their generous way of 
bestowing civil rights. Some white voters then refused to 
vote at the polls with the negroes, who were timid in casting 
their first ballot, but did vote almost solid for the Republican 
nominees. 

In almost every local campaign since then the Democratic 
issue has been made on the negro in politics and negro 
suffrage. 

The great bulk of the colored voters have, ever since they 
were enfranchised, cooperated with the white Republican 
voters in making a party ticket of white men in the county 
and State, and the only ticket possible to elect. 

The colored voters have shown good judgment in party 
affairs not to contend for elective offices which they know 
they cannot obtain, owing to the race prejudice that exists 
from Maine to Florida, and from California to Maryland. 
Outside of politics, labor disturbances between whites and 
blacks in different parts of the country strongly show the 
extent and effect of race prejudice. 



Miscellaneous History (Colonial). 
CHAPTER XIX. 

LOCATION OF PROPRIETARY MANORS — A LAND TRADE AND REFERENCE TO 
PETER UNDERWOOD — "JOHn's POINT," WOOLFORD's HOME — COPY OF 
PATENT FOR LAND FOR TRANSPORTING SETTLERS — SOME OLD FERRIES — 
QUIT-RENTS AND RENT ROLLS — ACADIAN EXILES FROM NOVA SCOTIA — 
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS — CIRCUIT COURT DISTRICTS — SKETCH OF THE 
JUDICIARY — MEMBERS OF THE BAR AT CAMBRIDGE — TAX ON BACHELORS — 
MARRIAGE REQUIREMENTS — ROBERT MORRIS; HIS STORE AT CAMBRIDGE; 
PRICES OF MERCHANDISE THERE. 

LOCATION OF PROPRIETARY MANORS. 

The first manor laid out for the Proprietary, after the 
formation of Dorchester County, was the manor of "PhilHps 
Burg," in 1670, for PhilHp Calvert, on Transquaking River, 
along Phillip's Creek, later called Chicanicomico River, at the 
first landing coming in the river. 

Nanticoke Manor was also laid out; that contained 4775 
acres. Later these manors were granted in lots to suit pur- 
chasers, and quit rents laid on them. Nanticoke Manor bor- 
dered on the Nanticoke River and North West Fork, above 
the town of Vienna. 

The Land Records show that a number of private manors 
were laid out for prominent people in Dorchester County — 
"Lockerman's Manor," "Warwick Fort Manor," and others. 
Some were proprietary grants, and others consolidated tracts 
under the right of resurvey. 

A LAND TRADE AND REFERENCE TO PETER 
UNDERWOOD. 

In the Land Records at Cambridge there is recorded j 
deed from EHzabeth Underwood and Judith Underwood, 



l6o HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

daughter and niece of Peter Uuderwood, who sold one-haif 
of "Castle Haven" land, fifty acres, to John Harwood, in con- 
sideration of one hundred acres of land in Talbot County, 
August 2, 1 69 1. 

By Act of Assembly, in 1674, Peter Underwood was the 
first person authorized to sell spirituous liquors in Dorchester 
County. He was brought into the Province of Maryland 
in 1654, when eighteen years of age, by Mr. Mears. His first 
master, to whom he was sold, was Peter Johnson, in Calvert 
County. 

"JOHN'S POINT," COLONIAL HOME OF THE 

WOOLFORDS. 

"John's Point," a tract of land lying on Little Choptank 
River, on the east side of Tobacco Stick Creek, was surv^eyed 
November 24, 1665, containing 200 acres, for John Hodson. 
Some time after 1668 this land became the property of Bar- 
tholomew Ennalls, who, by his will, made in 1688, be- 
queathed it to his daughter Elizabeth, wife of Col. Roger 
Woolford. and it w^as formally conveyed to Roger Woolford 
and EHzabeth, his wife, by John Ennalls, brother of Ehzabeth 
Woolford, August 5, 1695. 

A part of this tract, upon which is the oldest brick building 
in the country (see cut), has been successively held by some 
lineal descendant of Roger Woolford down to the present 
time. Which of the owners of "John's Point" built this 
quaint old building, with walls two' feet thick and peculiar 
little windows, is not absolutely known, but events and cir- 
cumstances, based on family tradition, point to John Hodson 
or Hudson as the builder. The Woolfords claimed that the 
first County Court was held there, and that it was also- used 
as a jail, evidently before the county seat was removed to 
Cambridge, in 1687. John Hodson was one of the County 
Justices in 1674. and it is quite as probable that the County 
Court was held at his house as at any other private house in 
that section, where the first courts were held between 1669 
and 1674. 








WOOLFORD'S COLONIAL HOME, BROOKS' CREEK. 



AN EARLY PATENT l6l 

PATENT No. I, COPY OF 

Patent for land granted for transporting settlers to the 
Province of Maryland: 



William Tones, ) ^ ... 

-n , , > Cecilms, etc. 

Patent. ) 



Know ye that we for and in consideration that John Rus- 
sel of the County of Dorchester in our S'd Province of Mary- 
land, planter, hath due him lOO acres of land within our said 
province for Transporting Sussanna Hannough, and W. Cary 
Hatton here to Inhabit whose right Title and Interest of in 
and to the said loo acres of Land the s'd Jno Russell hath 
assigned and sett over unto William Jones of the Same 
County as appears upon Record and upon such Conditions 
and Terms as are Expressed in our Conditions of Plantations 
of our s'd province of Maryland under our Greater Seal at 
Arms bearing Date at London, on the second day of July in 
the year of our Lord God 1649, with such alterations as in 
them is made by Declaration bearing Date the 22d Day of 
September anno 1650, and Remaining upon Record in our 
said province of Maryland Do hereby grant unto him the said 
William Jones all that Tract or Parcel of Land Called (All 
three of us) lying on the East side of Chesapeake Bay in a 
River Called Limboe Harbour, and in a Creek of the said 
River Called Russells Creek on the East side of the said 
Creeks. Beginning at a marked pine standing in a marsh, 
and from the said pine running for Breadth South West fifty 
perches to a marked white Oak bounded on the North West 
with a line drawn South East for a length into the Woods 
Three Hundred and twenty perches bounding on the South 
West with a line drawn North East fifty Perches, Bounding 
on the South East with a line drawn North West Three hun- 
dred and twenty perches, with the first bounded tree and 
now laid out for 100 Acres more or less. Together with all 
Rights, Profits and Benefits thereunto belonging (royal Man- 
ors Excepted) To have and to Hold the same unto him the 
said William Jones his Heirs and assigns for ever to be 

11 



l62 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

holders of Us and our Heirs as of our Manor of Nanticoke, 
of free and Common soccage by Fealty only for all manner 
of services yielding and paying therefore yearly untO' us and 
our Heirs at our Receipt of St. Mary's at the two most usuall 
Feasts in the year, Vizt, at the Annunciation of the Blessed 
Virgin Mary, and at the feast of St. Michael the Archangle 
by even and equal portions of the Rent of 4 s. Sterling in 
Silver or Gold and for a fine upon every Alienation of the 
said Land or any part or parcel thereof, one whole year's 
Rent in Silver or Gold or the full Value thereof in such Com- 
odities as we or our Heirs or such Ofificer or Ol^cers ap- 
pointed by us or our Heirs from this time to time tO' Collect 
and receive the same shall accept in Discharge thereof at the 
Choice of Us or our Heirs or such officers or officer a fd. Pro- 
vided that, if the said William Jones his Heirs or Assigns shall 
not pay unto us or our Heirs or such officer or officers a'f'd 
the said Sume for a fine before such Alienation, and Enter the 
said Alienation upon Record either in the Provincial Court or 
County Court where the said Parcel of Land lyeth within 
one Month next after such Afienation the said Alienacon 
Shall be void and of none Effect, Given at our City of Saint 
Maries under our great Seal of our Sd. Province of Mary- 
land the 6th Day of September in the 39th year of our Dom- 
inion over our Sd Province Annog Domi V 1673 — 

In Testimony, That the aforegoing is a true Copy taken 
from liber Vi, 14 folio 83 o^ne of the Record Books belong- 
ing to the Land Office of the Province of Maryland, I have 
hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of the said office, 
20th Day of September Annog Domini 1769 

Test. Wm. Steuart Clk Sd Office. 

SOME OLD FERRIES. 

Ferries were first established by Acts of Assembly. The 
first of record in Dorchester County was across the Chop- 
tank from Talbot County to Dorchester; the next, across the 
Nanticoke, from Dorchester County to Somerset. They 
were established for public convenience in 1671. 



RENT ROLLS AND QUIT RENTS 163 

In later years, as the county grew in population others 
were needed and in 1690, one was in operation between Cas- 
tle Haven and Clora's Point, on the Choptank River, — "sal- 
ary paid, four thousand (4,000) lbs. of tobacco, in casks." 

In 1786 the ferry over Fishing Creek, to Hooper's Island, 
was kept by John Griffith for an annual salary of fifteen 
pounds. The required capacity of the boat was for carry- 
ing four men and four horses at one trip. At Crotcher's 
Ferry, John Sears was keeper — salary, twenty-five pounds. In 
1787 a ferry over Chesapeake Bay, from Tar Bay, to the 
mouth of the Patuxent River, was kept by Richard Tubman — 
salary, fifty pounds. The ferry charge on a four-wheel car- 
riage, was one pound and fifteen shillings. In 1788 a ferry 
from Cambridge, over the Choptank to- Talbot shore, was 
kept by Dan Akers, at a salary of fifty pounds. 

In 1786 "The Court agreed with Elizabeth Travers, widow 
of Henry, to keep the ferry over Slaughter Creek, from the 
main to where the said Henry formerly lived, upon the fol- 
lowing terms, to wit; She is to keep constantly and in good 
order a sufficient boat that will safely carry six passengers 
and three horses at once, with two able bodied hands to 
attend the said ferry; and is to be allowed at the rate of thirty- 
seven pounds and ten shillings Current money by the year 
for keeping the same; and the Court have named in Current 
money, the prices of ferriages at the said ferry, for strangers, 
their horses, and carriages at the following rates to wit : — 
'For a single passenger, 6d. ; for a. single passenger and 
horse, is.; for a two-wheel carriage, 2s., 6d.; for a wagon, 5s." 

RENT ROLLS AND QUIT RENTS. 

On all lands granted in Maryland, by the Lord Proprie- 
tary to settlers in his province under his "condition of plan- 
tation," he reserved an interest in each grant, and stipulated 
an annual land-rent to be paid by the grantee, for two pur- 
poses; the first was to satisfy a demand of allegiance to the 
Proprietary from the freeholders, for other claims of service 
as subjects of his Lordship's realm; and the second, though 



164 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

small in separate charges, yet large in the aggregate, — was 
his source of personal revenue, which annually amounted 
to a handsome income. 

During and after the Revolution of 1776, the quit rents 
were unpaid and became in arrears. Henry Harford's arrear 
claim on Nanticoke Manor and other lands in the county, 
at 18 farthings per acre, amounted to £4297, Sio, in No- 
vember, 1786. 

ACADIAN EXILES FROM NOVA SCOTIA SCAT- 
TERED IN DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

In 1756, when the entire colony of French "Acadians of 
Nova Scotia" was barbarously deported and distributed like 
cattle throughout the American colonies, three vessel loads 
were brought to Maryland, one of which was sent to Oxford 
for distribution in Talbot and Dorchester Counties. Their 
unexpected arrival and no preparation to receive and protect 
them in wintry weather, made strong appeals for pity and 
help from the benevolent people of the county whose charity 
saved them from starving at once. 

At the April session of the Assembly, 1757, an Act was 
passed to empower the Justices of Dorchester and other 
counties to make provisions for their support to some extent. 
Somewhere in the old documents of the Court at Cambridge 
there must be an interesting record of what was done for 
those helpless people of various ages and different sexes who 
could not speak or understand English. Dependent on vol- 
unteer charity for bread and shelter, soon after their arrival, 
a broken-hearted mother, separated from all her family, died 
homeless and friendless in Dorchester County. Might she 
not have been the mother of Longfellow's "Gabriel" or 
somebody's "Evangeline?" 

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS INCLUDING 
DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

The Eighth Congressional District laid out in 1791 was 
made up of Dorchester, Somerset and Worcester Counties. 



MEMBERS OF THE CAMBRIDGE BAR 165 

The Fourth District for holding- County Courts designated 
in 1796 embraced Caroline, Dorchester, Somerset and Wor- 
cester Counties. 

In 185 1 the first Judicial District was made up of Dorches- 
ter, Somerset and Worcester Counties. In 1868 Wicomico 
was included in the district. 

SKETCH OF THE JUDICIARY. 

The first courts in Dorchester County, from 1669 to 1791, 
were composed of leading or prominent men in the county, 
appointed by the Governor and Council under the title of 
Commissioners, but judicially known as Justices of the Quo- 
rum, and Justices who organized as a court at the time of 
regular court sittings. After 1791 to 1806, the law required 
that the chief justices should be lawyers by profession, and be 
assisted at county courts by two of the States Justices. In 
1806 and thereafter the Bench was composed of professional 
lawyers. In 185 1 the Bench under the Constitution was re- 
duced from three judges to one judge and made an elective 
office by the people. Under the Constitution of 1867, the 
three judge system was adopted, elective, and is still in force. 
Prior to 185 1 the First Judicial District was the Fourth Dis- 
trict. 



EARLY AND LATE MEMBERS OF THE 
CAMBRIDGE BAR. 

In 1692 the first lawyers admitted to practice in the New 
Court, then organized at Cambridge, were : Philip Pitt, Ben- 
jamin Hunt, Charles Powell, and Gourney Crow. 

In 1902 the bar numbers about twenty-eight attorneys at 
law, namely : 

Sewell T. Milbourne, Col. Clement Sulivane, James W. 
Waddell, Robert G. Henry, Col. William O. Mitchell, James 
S. Shepherd, John R. Pattison, Emerson C. Harrington, 
Phillips L. Goldsborough, Thos. W. Simmons. Irving R. 
Mace, Joseph H. Johnson, William H. Barton, William Hur- 



1 66 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

loick, Alfred Stewart, James Higgins, John G. Mills, Willard 
E. West, W. Laird, Henry J. Watson Thompson, Fred. H. 
Fletcher, T. Sangston Insley,Thos. E. Latimer, W. Hamilton 
Spedden, C. L. Northrop, and S. E. W. Camper, colored. 

A TAX ON BACHELORS FOR THE KING'S 
REVENUE. 

A committee was appointed by Act of Assembly, May, 
1756, toi make a report on the bills of credit and dues that 
remain for his Majesty's service, with the balance in the "Iron 
Pot," and revenues derived from various sources. 

In the report made by Charles Dickinson, of Dorchester 
County, in the tax list were these items : "1756 — tO' the 15th 
of October in the same year, £31, S16, do., batchelors; £55, 
S18, do., liquors." 

The annual tax on each bachelor was levied according to 
financial worth, a single man twenty-five years of age or over, 
worth one hundred pounds, and not over three hundred 
pounds, was taxed fifteen shillings; if worth more than three 
hundred pounds, twenty shillings was the annual tax. 

MARRIAGE. 

Requirements for legal marriages interesting to those con- 
templating matrimonial union : 

The laws of the State of Maryland require Ecclesiastical 
authority over "Matrimonial Causes" and prevents marriages 
from being a civil contract alone, some religious ceremony of 
legal recognition must be used. Maryland is the only State 
in the Union "that requires church consent to make marriage 
legal." 

ROBERT MORRIS, PRICES OF MERCHANDISE IN 
HIS STORE AT CAMBRIDGE. 

There is nothing disclosed in history of the early life of 
Robert Morris, who was one of the conspicuous figures of 



ROBERT morris' LEDGER 1 67 

American history during- the Revokition. But recently there 
has been found in the office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court 
for Dorchester County, an old ledger inscribed "Robert Mor- 
ris." It was discovered upon examination of the contents to 
have been the property of the father of the "Revolutionary 
Financier." "Robert Morris, Junior," as it appears in the 
ledger on a page dated 1748, was born in England in 1734, 
and came to this country when about ten years of age. In 
Philadelphia his teacher was evidently Mr. Robert Greenway, 
as there is an account kept in the ledger with him for "Rob- 
ert's schooling, books," etc. 

Robert Morris, Senior, gives a sketch of himself in the led- 
ger as follows : 

"Ledger B-1747. 

"Belonging tO' and containing the accounts of the sub- 
scriber, son of Andrew Morris, Mariner and Mandline, his 
wife, of Liverpoole, in the county of Lancashire, in Great 
Britain, where the subscriber was born April the seventeenth 
day in the year of our Lord, one thousand and seven hundred 
and eleven. On the 17th of April, 1747, the balances trans- 
ferred from a Former Ledger into this, were justly due to 
and from 

"Robert Morris." 



He was a factor in Maryland of Foster Cunlifif, Esq., 
& Sons, of Liverpool, England. He also managed three 
stores, one at Wye, Oxford, and Cambridge, respectively. 
The latter was in charge of Mr. John Caile, who' at that date 
was Clerk of the Court, and into whose possession the ledger 
fell. At the death of Robert Morris, Mr. Caile inverted the 
ledger and used it as a fee book in his office. 

From the following accounts kept by Mr. John Caile the 
prices of various merchandise may be seen : 



i68 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



Feb. 4, 1742 



To amount of store per acct. 

sent home and received casks 
Amt. of Inventory of goods 
Do. Household goods, etc. 
Debts in SterHng Money 

Maryland Money 

I Tobacco 380000 a f 
Bals. Cash on Hand £33-i3-2j4 Car 33 >^ 

Paper Money ^300-18 a 120 

Tob. 107 hhds. 97045 a f 
Sloop "Oxford" valued at 



rotal 


Sterling 


Vt. 


Money 




2365 


10 


4 




184 










188 








409 


10 






1235 










25 


4 


10 




136 


10 






404 


7 


I 




150 









Sterling 



1746 

Sept. 


6 


1747 
June 


I 


1747 
Aug. 


ID 


Dec. 


24 


1749 
June 


27 



1747 

July 



From Capt. John Mackeel, of the "Liver- 
poole Merchant," as per invoice, 
30 Servants @ £ s d 

By Rev. Neil McCallum for Sundry Books 
as per Catalogue 

By i4Bbls. Pork, a Dr. Murray 

Capt. John Johnson, for 
I Silver buckle 

Loundes & Whaley, 

I Backgammon table 

Capt. John Johnson, 
3 Umbarellas 

By the "Cundiff," Capt. Johnson, 
40 Tons Pigg Iron @ ^4-10 

By the "Choptank," 

12 Tons Pigg Iron 

To amount of sundry goods now in store % 
" Bill due me % 71. 13. 2 Currys at 100 % 
" 7 doz. Bags felt Hatts f % Box H 
" I Cornrick No. 62 



Dr. To I light coloured b & C v^^igg 
For Mr. Wm. Goldsborough 

Cr. By John Caile for cleaning his watch 



£ 


s 


150 


00 


27 


5 


42 







16 


I 


r8 


2 


13 


180 


00 


54 


6 


48 


3 


35 


16 


3 


II 


I 


17 



Paper Money 



£ 


s 


3 


10 




17 



PAPISTS LANDS 



169 











Paper Money 


1748 








£ 


s 


d 


Aug. 


29 


Dr. To I Cult velvet waistcoat 














raffled away at Cambridge 




15 


10 





1750 
April 


5 


Robert Greenway, 
teacher of Robert Morris 














To I Large China Punch Bow! 
'" I Smaller " " " 


2l/sl 
I6/S-' 


I 


17 





PAPISTS' LANDS. 

List of lands held by Papists in Dorchester County, re- 
turned by Charles Dickinson, Collector of Quit Rents, to the 
Keeper of the Rent Rolls, in 1758: 



Patrick Bryan 

Charles Carroll i 

Henry Darnell (Portland Manor) . . i 

Joseph Griffith 

Joseph Goutee 

Robert Griffith 

Hannah Griffith 

Francis Harper .... 

Joseph Harper 

John Meekins, Jun 

Abram Meekins 

Mark Meekins 

Godfrey Meg^raw 

Felix Summers 

Ramon Shinton 

Ramond Stapleford 

Joseph Shinton 

Richard Tubman • . 

William Shinton 



67 acres. 
,500 
,500 
634^ 

777 
167 
148 
438 

574 
186 
90 
153 
245 
474 

391 
130 
267 



9,o88>^ acres. 

At this time the double tax on Catholics had been 
repealed. 



Indian History. 
CHAPTER XX. 

DORCHESTER COUNTY INDIANS — BRANCHES OF THE ALGONQUIN FAMILY- 
DRIVEN BY THEIR ENEMIES FROM FORMER HOMES — TOOK REFUGE 
ON THE EASTERN SHORE PENINSULA — CHIEF TRIBE, THE NANTI- 
COKES — PECULIARITIES IN MEMORY OF THEIR DEAD— INDIAN CHIEF, 
" BILLY RUMLEY," AND HIS WHITE WIFE — ENCROACHMENTS BY 
WHITE SETTLERS — GRANTED RESERVATIONS BY THE LORD PROPRIE- 
TARY—EFFECT OF LIQUOR TRAFFIC UPON THE INDIANS — OTHER 
IMPOSITIONS — CONSPIRACY WITH THE "siX NATIONS" TO MASSACRE 
THE WHITE SETTLERS IN I742 — THEIR GRADUAL DEPARTURE FROM 
DORCHESTER COUNTY — REMNANTS LEFT DISAPPEARED BY INTERMAR- 
RIAGE WITH THE BLACK RACE. 

Some of the Indian tribes and chiefs, branches of the Al- 
gonquin family (recognized by their language) that inhabited 
the Eastern Shore before America was discovered, lived in 
the territory now known as Dorchester County. There is 
much of thrilling interest that could be said of them and their 
descendants. They were first seen in 1608, by Capt. John 
Smith and his exploring party from Virginia, and later by the 
colonists of Maryland. 

Many suns before the pale-faces came to invade their happy 
land of refuge, they had come to live on this peninsula, hav- 
ing been driven by the superior forces of other tribes from 
ancient homes long loved and well remembered, which in 
their traditional history, they periodically pictured on the 
surfaces of changing nature — wood, earth and stone — and 
impressed on the retentive memories of each rising genera- 
tion. One of the largest tribes in Dorchester County was 
the Nanticokes. In the story of their migration, their god 
(Manito), providentially helped them. Somewhere on their 
way they came to a great water; one of their guides that went 
before them tried the depth of it with a long pole and found 
it too deep for them to wade through. In their distressed 



INDIAN TRIBES I7I 

situation and doubt about what course tO' pursue, their "God 
made a bridge over the water in one night and the next 
morning after they had ah passed over, God took away the 
bridge." 

The word Nanticoke seems to mean "tide-water people," 
and is derived from the name of one of the Lenape subtribes, 
Unalachtgo. They also had the name of Tiawco, and a 
Mohegan name was Otayachgo, which means "bridge peo- 
ple." They were skillful bridge builders and constructed 
bridges of floating logs made into rafts. 

The Nanticokes, Abacoes, Wiwashes, Ahatchwdioops and 
other tribes in Dorchester County, claimed by their tradi- 
tions, Lenape of the Delawares, to be their grandfather, and 
the Mohegans their brethren. 

They had a peculiar and sacred respect for their dead, the 
corpse was buried for some months and then exhumed and 
the bones carefully cleaned and placed in an "ossuary," called 
man-to kump (Manito), with the locative termination or 
rather signification, "place of the mystery or spirit." When 
these tribes moved from one place to another they carried 
the bones of their dead with them. When they left Dor- 
chester County about the middle of the eighteenth century 
and settled in Northern Pennsylvania they carried their 
sacred relics and buried them near the present site of To- 
wanda, Indian name, Tazvundciink, literally meaning "where 
we bury our dead." 

Tradition says that one old Indian chief of the Wiwash 
tribe, who lived near "Goose Creek" in what is now called 
"Straits" District, adopted an English name for himself, 
"Billy Rumley," he owned a large tract of land and married 
(?) a white woman. They lived on the place, owned some 
years ago and occupied by James Robins; it is now owned 
and occupied by Capt. Henry W. Elliott. There the old 
chief was buried. When his tribe left for a northern home he 
refused to go with them. In that neighborhood it is told 
that that old chief sometimes punished his wife by placing 
her on the lubber-pole of his big chimney and then smoked 
her from a smouldering fire on the hearth below. This he 



172 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

said was done "to make her sweet." Whether his purpose was 
to sweeten her temper or improve her hygienically, by his 
smoking process, to suit his peculiar tastes may still be a ques- 
tion for public opinion. Descendants of that chief and his 
English wife are said to be living at this time. 

Soon after the formation of the county by white settlers 
along the coast line of the Bay and rivers, they began to ad- 
vance their outposts and lines of settlement towards the inte- 
rior and Indian settlements. Through a trading intercourse 
between the whites and Indians various disturbances and seri- 
ous disputes early occurred that led tO' the killing of several 
Indians and retaliation by them. They murdered several 
white persons and abducted some white children. These acts 
of violence almost brought on a war against the Nanticokes, 
then the most menacing tribe. However, every contention 
between the whites and Indians resulted in additional advan- 
tages for the whites, and a gradual withdrawing of the natives 
from the locality of the English settlements. 

To avoid many possible difficulties in trading with the 
Indians, a privilege was granted every white inhabitant of 
Dorchester County to trade with them without license at 
Capt. Henry Tripp's house, in 1680. Previously, the Gov- 
ernor had issued special licenses to individual traders, who 
could go tO' the Indian camps and there trade, often selling 
them guns, ammunition and whiskey, in violation of the trad- 
ing regulations, which caused much trouble between the col- 
onists and natives. 

In Kilteys' "Landholders' Assistant" he says: "The Indian 
inhabitants on the Choptank and Nanticoke Rivers on the 
Eastern Shore, became desirous of being secured in the pos- 
session of lands by grant from the Proprietary; that in conse- 
quence, a grant was made to the Choptank Indians in the 
year 1669, and one to the Nanticoke Indians in 1704, in 
respect to^ which a variety of provisions and modifications 
took place by subsequent Acts of Assembly, the most import- 
ant of which I shall here examine, confining myself to what 
has been done by law. 



LAND GRANTS TO INDIANS 173 

"In respect to the grant to the Choptank Indians, I cannot 
ofive a better accoinit of it than bv transcribinsf the Reverend 
Mr. Bacon's note on the law making that grant. The title 
only is given in his edition, being 'An Act for the continna- 
tion of peace with and protection of our neighbors and con- 
federates, Indians on Choptank River,' and the following is 
extracted from his remarks : 'This act on account of the 
fidelity of the Choptank Indians in delivering up some mur- 
derers, etc., * * * settles upon them and their heirs for- 
ever, all that land on the south side of Choptank River, 
bounded westerly by the free-hold now in possession of 
William Dorrington and easterly with Secretary Sewalls' 
creek for breadth, and for length three miles into the woods; 
to be held of his lordship under the yearly rent of six beaver 
skins, and is confirmed among the perpetual laws of 1677, 
Ch. 2. 

"By an Act of 1704, Ch. 58 (similar to an Act passed 1698, 
Ch. 15), the bounds of a certain tract of land were ascertained 
to the use of the Nanticoke Indians in Dorchester County, 
so long as they should occupy and live upon the same. This 
Act, after stating it in the preamble to be 'most just' 
that the Indians, the ancient inhabitants of the province, 
should have a convenient dwelling place, etc., and especially 
the Nanticoke Indians in Dorchester County, who for some 
years past had lived in peace and concord with the EngHsh, 
and in obedience to the government, proceeded to declare as 
follows : 

" 'That all the land lying and being in Dorchester County, 
and on the north side of Nanticoke River, butted and 
bounded as follows : (Beginning at the mouth of Chicka- 
wan Creek and running up the said creek, bounded therewith 
to the head of the said main branch with a line drawn 
to the head of a branch issuing out of the North 
West Fork of Nanticoke, known by the name of Francis 
Anderton's branch, and from the head of the said branch, 
bounded therewith to the mouth of the same where it falls into 
the said North West Fork and from thence down the afore- 
said North West Fork, bounded therewith to the main river, 



174 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

and so down the main river to the mouth of the aforesaid 
Chickawan Creek); shall be confirmed and assured, and 
by virtue of this Act is confirmed and assured untO' Pan- 
quash and Amotoughquan, and the people under their 
government or charge, and their heirs and successors 
forever; any law, usage, custom, or grant to the contrary 
in anywise notwithstanding. To be held of the Lord 
Proprietary and his heirs, Lord Proprietary or Lord 
Proprietaries of this province, under the yearly rent of one 
beaver skin, to- be paid tO' his said lordship and his heirs as 
other rents in this province by the English used tO' be paid.' " 

These two reservations for the Indians in Dorchester 
County each contained about four thousand acres of land. In 
1 72 1 these lands were surveyed under a commission ap- 
pointed by the Governor and confirmed by an Act of 1723, 
Chap. 18. This Act gave free and uninterrupted possession 
to the Nanticoke Indians of all their lands on the Nanticoke 
and North West Fork Rivers so long as any of thein 
remained there and did not totally desert and quit-claim it. 
They were deprived from selling or leasing any part of their 
lands. The same Act also applied to the Choptank Indians 
and their lands. Subsequent Acts show how the Choptank 
and Nanticoke Indians gradually surrendered their lands to 
the English invaders. 

In the year 1705 some of the Indians threatened, by their 
actions, hostile movements against the whites, and Governor 
Seymour authorized Col. Thomas Ennalls of Dorchester 
County to make a treaty with the Nanticoke Indians. Articles 
of peace were agreed upon May the 19th, with the two* chiefs, 
Ashquash, Emperor of the Nanticokes, and Winnough- 
quargno, King of the Babcoes and Ahatchwoops, and with 
Robin Hood, chief of the Indian River Indians, on behalf of 
his queen, Wyranfconmickonono, queen of the said Indians. 
In the treaty, Ashquash was required to pay yearly to Col. 
Ennalls, for the use of the Queen of England, four arrows and 
two bows to be delivered tO' the Governor "as a tribute or 
acknowledgement to her majesty and as a token of the con- 
tinuance of this peace." Other conditions of the treaty 



PROCLAMATION AGAINST THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC 175 

were that the Emperor Ashquash and his Indians should suf- 
ficiently fence in the cornfields, which should be planted by 
them, at least seven or eight logs high, also, as the English 
could not distinguish one Indian from another, no Indian was 
to come into any Englishman's plantation, painted, but 
should lay down their guns, bows and arrows and call aloud 
before they came within 300 paces of any clear ground. 

The chiefs told Col. Ennalls that the English brought 
liquors and sold them to their people. "To break up this 
traffic the Governor issued a proclamation that the great men 
of the Indian towns, upon such liquors being brought thither, 
to brake and stave the bottles, casks and barrels, or over-set 
and spill such other vessels wherein such liquors shall be 
without being troubled to answer any complaint on that 
score." Much of the hard cider and brandy made from the 
fruits of the farmers' orchards in Dorchester County was sold 
to the Indians in violation of the Act passed in 171 5, that for- 
bade "all persons from carrying liquor to any Indian town or 
within three miles thereof, and selling the same to any Indian 
under penalty of 5000 pounds of tobacco; or selling above 
one gallon of spirits or fermented liquor to- any Indian in one 
day." This quantity of spirits was quite enough after all to 
make all the Indians drunk every day. 

When the Indians were imposed upon by the English, they 
often appealed to the co'Uncil of the province for redress. 
Tequassino, one of the great men, complained "that he sold a 
horse to an Englishman in Cabin Creek, the name of the man 
he did not know, but there was still due him on the horse 
eight matchcoats.^ The Council ordered the Sheriff of Dor- 
chester Coimty to take into his custody Flenry Thomas to 
answer the complaint for non-payment due on the horse." 

In 1742 the Six Nations, allied Indian tribes, laid claim to 
large tracts of Maryland land along the Susquehanna and 
Potomac Rivers, and on the Eastern Shore of the Chesa- 
peake Bay, and claimed such payment for it as they estimated 



'A matchcoat was an Indian blanket, made of Duffield cloth, with the 
wool long upon one side so as to remind the savages of their furs. 



176 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

the land to be worth. After some delay and failure to nego- 
tiate a sale of their claims the Shawnee Indians tried to per- 
suade the Eastern Shore Indians to rise in revolt with them 
and massacre the white settlers. Some friendly Indians in- 
formed the whites of the plot, prompt defences were made 
along the frontier, and a great massacre was averted. The 
story of the conspiracy is fully explained in the following 
affidavit : 

"The examination of Jemmy Smallhomony, one of the 
Atchawamp Indians of Great Choptank, taken before me, 
Henry Hooper, one of his Lordship's Justices of the Provin- 
cial Court, taken this 25th day of June, 1742. 

"This examinate sayeth that about the middle of May last 
there was an agreement made between some Indians that 
came from Shawan (being 23 in number), and the several 
nations of our own Indians, to rise and cut off the English, 
and that two of our Indians went up with them in order to 
know the time which was agreed on to be this moon, and to 
be assisted with 500 of the Shawan and Northern Indians, and 
about the same time the French, with the assistance of other 
Indians, were to attack the back inhabitants of Maryland and 
Pennsylvania. This examinant further saieth that the several 
nations of our Indians have built a lodge house about 20 feet 
long and 15 feet wide in Pocomoke Swamp for a repository to 
secure their arms and ammunition, and that they now in the 
said house have several guns with a good deal of ammunition, 
and a large quantity of poisoned arrows pointed with brass, 
and that they intended to begin the attack in Somerset and 
Dorset, and several places in one and the same night, and 
when they had cut off the English in those two counties, to 
extend their conquest upwards till they had joined the other 
Indians and the French. This deponent further saith the 
Said Indians intended to destroy man, woman and child, as 
far as they extended their conquest, etc. 

his 

"Jemmy X Smallhommony. 

mark 

"Taken the day and year above written by me. 

"Henry Hooper." 



INDIANS LEAVE DORCHESTER COUNTY 1/7 

In 1744 the Indian tribes then living in Dorchester began 
to leave the province, and to locate new homes in greater for- 
ests with broad hunting grounds and more game, farther 
away from the whites, who continually invaded their reserva- 
tion and influenced "their young people to^ adopt more vices 
than virtues." After the death of their "Crowned King," or 
head chief, Winicaco, about 1720, being subjects of the Iro- 
quois Indians, to whom they paid tribute, and by whom they 
were influenced, they became more and more dissatisfied with 
the limits of their reservation, and menaced surroundings 
until they finally departed from the province. The Choptank 
Indians and a few scattering families of other tribes remained 
in Dorchester and by degeneration and intermarriage with 
the "blacks," became entirely extinct about 1840. They left 
behind them a memorable history, a collected vocabulary^ of 
the names of places, objects and customs, in their language. 
This, together with written stories and oral traditions of 
them will animate an inquiring interest in the minds of our 
future generations, closely akin to our thrilling interest in the 
"redskins," be they Nanticokes or Mohicans. 



■A vocabulary of their language was obtained by Mr. Williams Vans 
Murray, in 1792, from the remnants of tribes still in Maryland. It is in 
the library of the American Philological Society, but has never been cor- 
rectly or completely printed. 



12 



Colored Race in Dorchester County. 
CHAPTER XXI. 

SLAVERY DAYS — PERIOD OF FREEDOM— PROGRESS — CHURCHES. 

With the first white settlers that came to Dorchester, black 
slaves or servants were brought, few at first but as farming 
grew and cheap labor became profitable, direct importations 
of negroes were landed at Cambridge and Vienna, and sold 
for the cost of transportation. From the earliest days of the 
slave-holding period to its termination there were some free 
blacks who had either bought their freedom from their mas- 
ters or had been set free at a certain age or by decree at their 
master's death. 

Slave service was not more severe in Dorchester than 
in other slave-holding sections of the country. As else- 
where, members of slave families were liable to be sold and 
separated, husband from wife, and children from parents. 
Some masters and overseers cruelly treated their slaves, who 
were scantily clothed and poorly fed, while overtasked and 
whipped for failing to perform excessive work. Inhuman 
cruelty was rare, but from the lips of my grandmother I was 
told of a woman, owner of a number of slaves, and whose 
name is still perpetuated by her descendants on the Eastern 
Shore, who had her slaves lined up and whipped every Mon- 
day morning, those most deserving of punishment being 
washed with salt and water pickle after the whipping. I am 
unable to decide why she had the salt water applied. Was 
it an antiseptic treatment for injured tissue, or was it to 
inflict more punishment by the severe irritation it produced 
on application to excoriated backs? 

In the county, public and private sales of slaves were fre- 
quent during the colonial period; the traffic was then local 



COLORED CHURCHES 1 79 

and chiefly confined to the counties of Maryland. After the 
Revolution, when new States were organized in the "South," 
the settlers there needed more manual labor, which made an 
active demand for Maryland slaves at a good price. Negro 
buyers, often called "Georgia Traders," came to Cambridge 
and other places in the county and bought young slaves 
whom they carried "South." At these heart-rending sepa- 
rations between the slave husband and wife, parents and 
children, brothers and sisters, rivers of burning tears were 
poured out, and bitter wails of lamentation sent up to Him 
who heareth all things and seeth the "sparrow fall." In His 
own providential time and way He seemeth to have made the 
bondmen free. 

In 1863 the emancipated colored people with free blacks in 
the county numbered about 8400; by the census of 1900 
about 9463, a very slow increase of about one-fourth of one 
per cent, annually. 

On industrial lines, the advancement of the colored race 
here has been slow, many having barely met the scanty re- 
quirements for food and clothing. Many others have 
acquired personal and real property and live very comfort- 
ably. In education the young have made creditable pro- 
gress with the facilities afforded. As in slavery days, they 
are a punctual and zealous church-going people. In many 
families their cultivated good habits mark out a progressive 
and better future for the frugal and industrious. 

Church influences and business association with the pre- 
dominant white inhabitants have had an elevating effect on 
most of the colored race in the county; the masses are law- 
abiding, quiet and peaceable citizens. 

THEIR CHURCHES. 

The colored race throughout the county has respectable 
and fair sized church buildings. In Cambridge, "Waugh 
Chapel" M. E. Church was first built in 1826, which was 
replaced by a second building and that by a third, which ha? 
been abandoned for the fourth one now well advanced 



l8o HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

towards completion. It is a handsome structure, built of 
brick and gray stone trimmings in the latest style of archi- 
tecture. B. D. Price, Esq., is the architect, and J. Benj. 
Brown the contractor. It will cost about eleven thousand 
dollars and seat six or seven hundred people. The member- 
ship is over three hundred, while there is a large Sunday 
school of twoi hundred scholars. The present pastor is Rev. 
A. L. Martin, who has been in charge of the church for sev- 
eral years. He is a graduate of Princess Anne Academy, 
and Morgan College of Baltimore. The new Waugh 
Chapel, when completed, will be one of the finest churches in 
the Delaware Conference District. 

Bethel African M. E. Church, in Cambridge, was built in 
1879. It is a neat, brick edifice, with a membership of about 
three hundred, with a fine Sunday school of about two hun- 
dred pupils. The pastor, who has been in charge of the con- 
gregation for the past five years, is Rev. James E. Martin, a 
native of Charleston, S. C. He was educated at Howard 
University. This church belongs to the Baltimore Confer- 
ence. 

In Dorchester County there are fifteen churches for colored 
people that belong to the Delaware Conference and seven to 
the Baltimore Conference, controlled by a body of twenty- 
four bishops. There is one colored Baptist church in Cam- 
bridge, "Zion B. C," built in 1895. Rev. Mr. Scott is the 
pastor. 



*1'. 



'-^ 




'-^fT^ 







Domestic and Social Life in Colonial Days. 

CHAPTER XXII. 

The pioneer settlers, who were led by the hand of destiny 
to select that part of the Eastern Shore between the Chop- 
tank and the Nanticoke Rivers, as early as 1645, ^^^^ later on, 
came with some knowledge of colonization, as most of them 
were from Virginia, the Western Shore and Kent Island. 
With small means they were obliged to construct cheap and 
plain rough-hewn houses of logs and clap-boards out of the 
abundance of timber that densely grew on every acre of land. 
With more refinement and better management, they did not 
become cave-dwellers, like hundreds of their Pennsylvania 
neighbors, who dug out caves for homes in the sides of hills, 
that were used by humble newcomers to live in for half a 
century. Without saw-mills and brick kilns, our ancestors, 
sturdy and strong, with axe in hand, were the architects of 
their log cabin homes; many were built comfortable and sub- 
stantial, though the broad chimneys were constructed of clay 
and riven sticks of wood, and the clap^board doors and win- 
dow shutters were hung on wooden hinges. The simple 
door fastenings for those combination houses — the best room 
and kitchen — was the wooden latch to which the latch-string 
was attached, that usually hung outside. This outhanging 
latch-string was the symbol of neighborly welcome to enter 
the threshold of colonial hospitality, where within warm- 
hearted hosts generously dispensed to their guests the best 
that could be had to eat, with every home and fireside com- 
fort at their command. 

When prosperity and wealth came to the exclusively agri- 
cultural colonists from profitable crops of tobacco, dwelling 
houses and other farm buildings were greatly improved; 
where once stood the loe-cabin there rose the commodious 



lS>2 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

dwelling. Domestic and foreign luxuries were soon col- 
lected in and about many a planter's home. Most colonists 
loved locations commanding views and water-fronts. How 
interesting to visit old houses built in colonial times, or note 
sites where others once stood in places well and tastefully- 
chosen by their departed founders. 

To return to the primitive settlers in their barely furnished 
homes; there is much to note of their many domestic priva- 
tions and inconveniences. Yet they always had one com- 
fort, the open blazing fire in great fireplaces, for wood was 
close by and plentiful and only cost the cutting. To avoid 
too much wood cutting and splitting, the fireplaces were 
built very large, eight, nine or ten feet wide and four or five 
feet in depth; some were so large that the children could 
sit inside the jambs while the dinner was boiling in the great 
iron pot, swung on the pot-rack over the flaming log-fire. 



THE LIGHT OF OTHER NIGHTS. 

When twilight ushered in the night and the log-fires dimly 
burned on stately hearths, the pine-knots then were lighted, 
the colonial lamps of that day, which cast bright reflections 
throughout the house and homely shadows of the hominy 
mortar and spinning wheel upon the white-washed walls. 
At that period candles were costly and scarce, and tallow 
was high. Candles imported were worth four pence apiece. 
But soon the colonial housewife made her candle wicks and 
dipped her own candles or cast them in metal molds, thus 
tediously made, they were economically used. Minister 
M , on a small income, it is said, had his candle extin- 
guished as a frugal practice during long family prayers every 
evening. 

Without candles at first, and later, oil lamps, every farmer 
laid in a good supply of "light-wood" for winter; even to-day 
open fireplaces and "light-wood" are still in use by a few 
old-fashioned, rural residents. Grass, pewter and lead candle- 
sticks were followed by iron, pewter and glass lamps. 



KITCHEN FIRESIDES AND FURNITURE 1 83 

For many years the primitive ways of kindling- fires and 
striking- lights without application of existing fire was prac- 
ticed here, as throughout the world. When the ash covered 
fire in the fireplace died entirely out during the night, a mes- 
senger was often sent, one of the children or a servant, to the 
nearest neighbor's house to ''borrow fire" which was car- 
ried between pieces of oak bark, or kindling wood for start- 
ing a new fire. One ancient contrivance, found in every home, 
was the tinder box, containing tinder (scorched linen or cam- 
bric), a flint stone and a piece of steel; in case of emergency 
it was used for starting fires or making a light by rapidly 
striking the stone against the steel with friction strokes 
which produced sparks that ignited the tinder. Another 
method of producing fire was to flash gunpowder in the pan 
of flint-and-steel gunlocks on old muskets which ignited 
twists of "tow" placed in contact. 

In the days of our great-grandfathers and even grand- 
fathers, fires were started as here briefly described. Friction 
matches were first made in England in 1827. From the 
origin of Dorchester County in 1669, to 1830, only a little 
more than sixty years ago, the tinder-box, powder-flash and 
neighbor's fire, were some of the inconvenient methods of 
rekindling extinguished fires in the homes of our ancestry. 

KITCHEN FIRESIDES AND FURNITURE. 

In the farmers' kitchens and about their fireplaces were 
found only the most useful utensils of domestic necessities. 
From the lubber-pole in the great chimney flue hung the pot- 
rack and swivels for hanging on the pot-hook, from which 
swung pots and kettles over blazing fires for cooking meats, 
boiling hominy and other food. On the hearth of fire-burnt 
clay stood the oven and spider for baking Indian pone and 
Maryland biscuit; the skillet, frying pan, grid-iron, fire shovel 
and tongs occupied convenient places within the chimney 
jambs. The johnny cake, made of corn meal, and the plate- 
cake of wheat flour, baked on wooden boards set up on the 
hearth before the fire, must be mentioned, as no better bread 



184 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

ever passed within the mouths of hungry childhood before or 
since the days of modern cookery. While the poor had but few- 
household goods, the well-to-do homes were better supplied. 
Of table-ware, china was very rare and never commonly used 
before the Revolutionary period. Among the first settlers, 
wooden plates or trenchers, metal knives, pewter spoons and 
some earthen dishes with a pewter or silver tankard of water, 
completed the table outfit in plain homes. Table fo'"ks were 
almost unknown, the first mention of a fork in Vf .nia was 
in 1677. The writer, when a boy, saw his uncle mold pew- 
ter spoons in molds that his grandfather brought from 
England. Glassware was very rare; glass bottles were so 
appreciated as to be specially mentioned in zvills. Separate 
drinking cups for each person at the dining table were not 
in use. When large tumblers were first brought into use 
they were passed from one person to another to take a drink 
of the contents, whether it be water, cider or wine. Gourds 
were abundantly raised on the farms and used in every 
kitchen for dipping water and drinking it as well. While 
those early settlers bore many privations, yet they impro- 
vised some conveniences. In the place of manufactured 
chairs, then so scarce, they made benches for seats at the din- 
ing table, where, by the way, children were not allowed to 
sit with their elders or parents at meals, and often were 
required tO' eat their meals while standing — a strange, almost 
cruel, custom. Home-made spoons, trays, trenchers and 
hominy mortars of wood were household necessities, and 
wooden forks, shovels and ploughs were equally as useful 
in the fields. Food supplies were ample — Indian corn, some 
hogs and cattle, deer and wild turkeys in abundance; fish of 
many kinds in every river, and oysters covering every bar 
and river bottom. Of this variety of food only corn bread 
was objectionable, in some instances its constant use caused 
"family jars" and led to the greater cultivation of wheat, and 
the use of more wheat bread. With these limited resources 
and but few others, the plain settlers and their descendants 
constituting the great bulk of the population in Dorchester 



SOCIAL LIFE IN COLONIAL DORSET 185 

County, lived for a hundred years before they much improved 
their domestic surroundings. 

CLASS DISTINCTIONS AMONG THE WHITES. 

Among the early colonists in the county, a few came with 
means that enabled them to buy large tracts of land, which 
they sold to advantage in smaller lots or extensively culti- 
vated -th servants at a good profit. Soon they became 
wealthy and formed a distinct social class, chiefly slave 
holders. This line of distinction was so definitely drawn at 
some places that poor white families and the family tenants 
of large land holders were assigned to separate parts of the 
church when attending religious service, and at public places 
or taverns the wealthy families were guests of the parlors and 
dining rooms while the tenants' families were quartered in 
the kitchens and back rooms. 

Domestic surroundings and home conveniences greatly 
influenced and graded social life, which is described as fol- 
lows: 

SOCIAL LIFE IN COLONIAL DORSET. 

{By Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson.') 

In reviewing the social life of Dorchester County in col- 
onial days we find that it had no peculiar or distinctive cus- 
toms of its own — that it shared with other counties the good 
old English mode of life, primitive in the early days but based 
preeminently upon the exclusive ideas of the English gentry. 

Here as elsewhere in Maryland, the land was patented in 
large tracts of hundreds and even thousands of acres. These 
estates or plantations were the centres of social life in the 
county. Towns did not flourish in Dorchester in the early 
days. The English settlers, true to the habits and traditions 
of the Mother Country, preferred to live in the heart of large 
landed possessions which gave them both the seclusion and 
power so dear to the Britain. The broad fields which now 
yield so abundantly in golden grain were, in colonial times, 



l86 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

devoted to the culture of tobacco, which constituted the only- 
currency of the country. 

The question of labor was not a difficult one in those days 
when every outgoing ship laden with the crops of "sweet- 
scented tobacco" bound for England, returned with consign- 
ments of not only comforts and luxuries for the planters, but 
with adventurous young immigrants who became "inden- 
tured apprentices" for a term of four years in return for the 
payment of their passage over. The landed proprietors were 
only too glad to^ buy the time of service of these young fel- 
lows whO' were often of fine old lineage and in many instances 
well educated but without means. 

The romance of the conditions which naturally arose on 
the estates has been grasped by the modern novelist to good 
effect, and the unfortunate relation between the young men 
of good blood in a state of temporary servitude to his mas- 
ter's family has been strongly pictured. 

In the earliest years of the colony, the settlers were so 
harassed by the Indians that the plantations were neglected 
and many of their occupants would have sufifered but for the 
natural food supplies for which the Eastern Shore of Mary- 
land is still famous. 

When, however, the population increased, driving the Red 
Men from their native haunts along the waterways, wealth 
increased and was soon reflected in the homes and manner 
of life in the colony. 

After the Revolution of 1688 and the advent of a Royal 
Governor in Mary land, moxd. of the English ways and cus- 
toms were adopted. 

Peace and prosperity came hand-in-hand and early in sev- 
enteen hundred the log cabins of the settlers were replaced 
by more pretentious frame houses, and toward the middle of 
the century not a few fine brick mansions were erected in 
place of the homes of simple design throughout the colony. 

In Dorchester County we find only a few survivals of the 
period notable for lavish hospitality and pretentious liv- 
ing. While, however, there was not so large a community 



SOCIAL LIFE IN COLONIAL DORSET 1 87 

of wealthy land holders here as in the counties of St. Mary's 
and Anne Arundel, when the capital cities drew to them- 
selves and their outlying- districts those who were near to 
the throne, we yet find evidences of a free and open-handed 
life in old Dorset. 

The English sports of fox-hunting, cock-fighting and bear- 
baiting engaged the time and attention of the colonial gen- 
try here in Dorchester no less than in Queen Anne's, Som- 
erset and other Eastern Shore counties. Many a high- 
bred colonial dame rode to hounds with all the daring of her 
brother, the squire, or Lord of the Manor, and doffing habit 
and top boots, presided at her father's well-spread mahogany 
with the grace of one "to the manner born." 

Gay house parties were the distinctive feature of the 
social life in colonial Maryland. The family coach, filled 
with merry young folks, accompanied by attendant cavaliers 
on horseback, was the mode of their unexpected arrivals, or 
the music of the horns and bay of the hounds were many 
times the first intimation to a hostess that her house was soon 
to be filled to overflowing with the pleasure-seekers already 
crossing her husband's "preserves." 

While the wide-spreading portals of colonial mansions 
bespeak the lavish hospitality which was so' graciously dis- 
pensed, both mistress and master found much of the practical 
side of life to absorb their attention. 

It is true that on all large plantations there was an over- 
seer to bear the burden of the out-door management, yet 
the master did not rely entirely on this valuable assistant. 
Daily, usually immediately after breakfast, he would ride over 
his estate on horseback, keeping personally in touch with the 
cultivation of his acres as well as the condition of his slaves, 
the successors to the early apprentices. Leaving his overseer 
to put his orders into execution, the proprietor lived the life 
of a gentleman of leisure, concerning himself with politics 
and questions of national importance. 

The real colonial dame had her duties as well as her 
pleasures, not only did she look well to the ways of her 



IQ6 history of DORCHESTER COUNTY 

household in the routine fashion of the modern woman, but 
s;he directed her women servants in the weaving of hnen 
and cotton, in the knitting- of socks and stockings and the 
cutting and making of garments for her slaves. 

Besides looking out for their material comforts she was 
their spiritual guide and their friend and counselor in 
trouble. 

A quilting bee was a popular form of entertaining among 
the young people of the Eastern Shore in colonial times and 
later. 

The hostess having finished piecing a quilt would invite all 
the young ladies of the neighborhood to quilt it, each would 
arrive with her reticule at her side containing her own thinv 
ble, scissors and needle book. 

It is safe tO' say that their tongues flew even more swiftly 
than did their needles when the lively young creatures got 
to work. Gossip, wit and good-natured raillery made the 
time pass quickly and with the twilight came the beaux, the 
quilting finished, the frames were moved out of the way and, 
after a hearty supper, the floor was cleared for dancing. 
Thus what would have been a tiresome task, when turned into 
a frolic became a popular means of diversion. Many of 
the quilts made under such circumstances have been pre- 
served as heir-looms in old families of the county. 

In Dorchester, more largely than in most other counties, 
early customs have been preserved; but here as in other 
sections of the South, the late war, with the subsequent de- 
sertion of the old plantations for town and city life with their 
enlarged opportunities, marked the passing of the ideal social 
life in the counties of Maryland. 



County Folklore and Superstitions. 

CHAPTER XXIII. 

Many popular superstitions are transmitted from genera- 
tion to generation by oral traditions and family customs, 
from parents tO' children, and from friendly associates to each 
other, that are accepted in as strong faith as belief in "Holy 
Writ." Youthful impression of that character become fixed 
superstitions for practical application and use as time, place 
and circumstances point to their supernatural influence. In- 
animate objects and customs are venerated in business 
transactions, laboring pursuits, and social events, rites and 
ceremonies are performed for love, luck, health and pros- 
perity. This credulous belief in the power of supernatural 
effects and signs for good or evil deeply impresses the mar- 
iner on his ship, the farmer at his plow, the minister in his 
church, the physician in his profession, the swain in his doubt- 
ful wooing, and the fair maid in her delusory dreams of hope 
and happiness, and in short every grade of society, from the 
inmates of the poorest home to those who dwell in palatial 
mansions. Over the cabin doors of the Southern blacks, in 
the little cottages of the mountain miners, about the premises 
of the busy farmers, on the bow of the stately ship and little 
loyster iboat andi somewhere about 'the homies of wealth 
counted by millions, and at the "White House," too. the 
horse shoe hangs for "luck." The origin of its universal use 
for a specific influence tO' bring good fortune to its possessors 
is simply mythical. 

No better field for the study of folklore in this country can 
be found than the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Settled as 
it was at an early date by an almost exclusively English 
stock and practically untouched by later immigration, it has 
kept and handed down old English forms of speech, customs 



190 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

and traditions quite in their original form. The folklore 
that abounds in Shakespeare is extant at this day in Dor- 
chester; half the inhabitants of Hooper's Island still misplace 
their h's in true cockney style while our regularly used phrase 
"right smart," regarded by outsiders as dialect, is found in 
the writings of Sir Philip Sydney. 

The superstition of the negroes has contributed largely to 
the folklore of the present day, yet it is by no means con- 
fined to the black or ignorant, but the myths, legends and 
superstitious stories which many people in the county regard 
with interest and attach importance to originated among 
various races of people centuries ago and were imported to 
our shore, where was found a fertile soil for vigorous growth 
and easy culture, due to the early association of black slaves, 
indentured servants and master's children in the same house- 
hold. 

Some of the most common popular beliefs and sayings are 
here given : 

INFLUENCE OF NATURAL SIGNS AND 
PHENOMENA. 

SUNRISE AND SUNSET REFLECTIONS. 

"Evenings red and mornings gray- 
Are certain signs of a beautiful day; 
Evenings gray and mornings red 
Will bring down rain upon the traveler's head." 

BURIALS OF THE DEAD AFTER THE SUN CROSSES 
THE NOON-DAY MERIDIAN. 

In Straits District no dead persons are buried until after 
"the sun turns." 

MOON SIGNS AND INFLUENCES. 

A new moon with both horns or points inclined upwards 
indicates to the farmer dry weather; if the upper horn is 



FOLKLORE AND SUPERSTITIONS I9I 

turned downward, wet weather, rains will soon follow. The 
position of the crescent moon shows her ability to hold water 
in the clouds or pour it out in copious showers. 

Full moons in the mornings indicate storms; in evening, 
fair weather. 

The new moon that appears south of west means warm 
weather for that phase, and when north of west, cold weather 
compared with the prevailing season. 



MOON'S INFLUENCE ON PLANTING SEED AND GROWING 

CROPS. 

For potatoes and all crops that grow in the ground the 
seed planting should be done on that change of the moon 
when there are dark nights to insure good crops. 

Corn and all other crops that develop above ground 
should be planted in the period of moonlight nights, as light 
is one of the essential elements required to produce full crops 
of cereals and other like grown products. 

To kill hogs on the decrease of the moon causes the pork 
to shrink when cooked. 

FATED BY WIND. 

If peas, beans or vegetables that grow in pods are planted 
when the wind is northeast they will not bear or produce 
a crop. 

SUPERSTITIONS— REMEDIES FOR SOME 
DISEASES. 

TO CURE A STY. 

Go to some footpath or highway where people frequently 

travel and repeat the following: 

I 

"Sty, sty, leave my eye, 
Go on the next one's eye that passes by." 



192 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

TO CURE CHILLS. 

Tie as many knots in a string, as you have had chills, then 
drop the string and the person who finds it and counts the 
knots will have the chills, and you will be free from them. 

Or — Cut as many notches in a stick as you have had chills, 
then throw it behind you without looking back and the per- 
son who finds it and counts the notches will get the chills. 

Or — Bore a hole in a tree, bloAV into it once for each chill 
and the tree will take the chills and die. 



TO CURE WARTS. 

Find a hollow stump with water standing in it, wash the 
wart and go away without looking back. 

Or — Steal a bean, cut it in half and rub each half upon 
the wart, then bury the bean under a doorstep. Do not 
look under the step again until the bean has decayed and the 
wart will disappear. 

Brass rings worn on the fingers will prevent cramp. 

A horse chestnut, if continually carried or kept about any 
person, will prevent all such persons from ever having rheu- 
matism. 



TRIVIAL SAYINGS AND SUPERSTITIONS. 

EVENTS THAT BAD LUCK FOLLOW. 

To cut hair or nails during sickness. 

To begin to get better on Sunday when sick. 

For a sick person to suddenly develop a craving appetite 
is to feed death. 

For a picture to fall from its hanging on the wall denotes 
coming death to some of the household. 

For two persons to look into a mirror at the same time 
brings great disappointment to one or both of them. 

To break a looking-glass brings seven years of bad luck. 



* 



FOLKLORE AND SUPERSTITIONS 193 

To see the picture of a corpse in a mirror is believed to be 
the sign of an early death. For that behef, mirrors in death 
chambers are turned fronts towards the wall of the room 
in wdiich the dead are laid until time for burial. 

The howling- of a dog at night is a sign of sickness or death, 
to stop his wail and avert the threatened calamity, turn your 
right shoe on its side with the top part towards the dog. 

Shortly before the death of some people their names have 
been heard distinctly called and warning raps or knocks at 
the doors have often been heard by inmates of the homes in 
which death was near to some one of the members. 

When the spirit of a living person is seen going away from 
home it is a sure sign of short life for him. If seen return- 
ing or coming home instead of leaving home, long life is 
promised. 

To meet a woman first in the morning after leaving home 
will bring bad luck that day. 

It is bad luck for a woman to be the first visitor on New 
Year's Day. 

To spill salt means bad luck unless you avert it by throwing 
a pinch of salt over" the left shoulder. 

You must leave the house by the same door you entered 
to avoid bad luck coming to that home. 



MISCELLANEOUS SAYINGS. 

Itching of the nose means a visitor is coming; if on the 
right side, it indicates a man; if on the left, a woman. 

Itching of the right eye means a cry; the left eye, a laugh. 

Burning sensations felt in the ears warn you that you are 
the subject of somebody's talk, either for good or evil report. 

If a rooster comes near the door and crows before it, a 
visitor is coming to that house. 

If a cat licks its paws and smoothes its hair behind its ears 
with them, the ladies of the house are warned to make their 
toilet and be ready to receive coming visitors. 

13 



194 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

If the wish bone of a chicken is pulled apart by two unmar- 
ried people until it is broken, the one who holds the longest 
part will first be married. 

To approach a gate at the side on which it is hinged for 
the purpose of opening it is a sign that the person will not 
get married in that year. 

If a garden hoe is carried through a dwelling house, a 
death will occur in the family living there before the end of 
the year. . 

The first time you see a new moon in any month, any 
wish that you make then, before you look at any other object, 
your wish will be granted during that moon. 

Money shaken at the new moon soon replenishes the 
purse. 

WITCHES. 

A broomstick laid across the doorway will prevent a witch 
from' entering the house. 

If a witch sits down in a chair in which is sticking or is 
afterwards stuck a fork, she cannot rise as long as the fork 
stays there. An example of this was tested at the "Dr. 
Johnson" place in "Lakes" with old "Suf," who was said 
to be a witch. 

A witch can take a horse from a locked stable and ride it 
all night; the evidence of this being the foaming sweat on the 
horse and the witch knots tied in its tail and mane, often 
seen the next morning. 

A witch can turn people into horses and ride on them. 
One man in Dorchester County died from the effects of such 
a trip, the clay being found under his finger and toe nails. 
He had refused to let the witch have his horse to ride, so 
she rode the owner instead. 

If a witch is about to turn a sleeping person into a horse 
and the sleeper awakes in time, seizes the witch and holds 
her without speaking until daybreak, she will assume her 
proper form. 



FOLKLORE AND SUPERSTITIONS 195 

A witch can also turn herself into any animal she pleases 
for hunter's dogs often trail and tree witches at night that 
take the form of some animal to avoid detection. 

To kill a witch, draw a picture of her and shoot at it with 
pieces of silver instead of lead, bullets or shot; just where the 
picture is shot the witch will be wounded; if in vital parts of 
the body, she will die from the effects. 

TRICKS OR SPELLS. 

In Dorchester as throughout most of the world, the thirti- 
eth of October, or "Halloween," is regarded as the best time 
to try "spells" and to read the future. "Bobbing" for apples, 
sweating eggs and making the dumb cake are the favorite 
rites. The latter is probably the most interesting as abso- 
lute silence has to be maintained throughout the whole per- 
formance and is a joint operation of two people. The cake 
itself is made up of salt, flour and water, of each one spoon- 
ful. Two persons holding the same spoon mix the ingre- 
dients and jointly bake the cake. When cooked they jointly 
divide and eat it, all in silence; neither must they speak again 
until morning, but in their dreams they will behold their 
future partners. 

SACRED SUPERSTITIONS. 

Old Christmas, or January 6, is another night on which 
many supernatural things are said to happen. At the hour 
of midnight, hops, world's wonder and the tiger lily are 
said to sprout up through the earth. At that same hour all 
the cattle fall upon their knees as if in prayer. Thus Nature 
and the lower animals give thanks for the birth of Christ. 

GHOSTS, APPARITIONS, BUGABOOS. 

The worst and most injurious branch of folklore, very 
prevalent in Dorchester County, is the telling of ghost 
stories in various forms in the presence of children. In nine- 



196 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

tenths of the families in the county the children have been 
schooled in tales of apparition and intimidating bugaboo 
stories, which have made them timid and fearful at night, 
even in their own homes. False impressions have been made 
in their minds about imaginary objects that never had an 
existence. 

As there are no ghosts we must not write false tales to 
excite fear in the young or gratify the curiosity of the 
superstitious. 



Revolutionary Period, 1775-1776. 
CHAPTER XXIV. 

INTRODUCTION TO THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR— LEADING PATRIOTS IN DOR- 
CHESTER COUNTY — INTEREST WHICH MARYLAND TOOK IN DEFENCE OF 
THE RIGHTS OF THE COLONIES — ORGANIZATION OF THE MILITIA IN THE 
COUNTY — VOLUNTEERS FOR THE CONTINENTAL ARMY — FORMATION OF 
THE STATE GOVERNMENT — DELEGATES FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY TO 
THE PROVINCIAL CONVENTIONS. 

Upon the events of this period in the history of Maryland 
and the American colonies, when the latent germ of liberty 
became vitalized and developed into the tender bud of Amer- 
ican freedom, wholly depends our State and National exist- 
ance of unsurpassed greatness to-day. With this view of what 
Maryland and Dorchester County now are, the Revolution- 
ary Period claims a large share of historical notice. 

From the passage of the "Stamp Act," in 1765, to 1775, 
the spirit of resistance to English oppression was kindling 
the feelings of many of the colonists (patriots in Dorchester 
County by no means excepted), whose active efforts and hon- 
orable course, not hasty in action but with calm deliberation, 
nobly doing their duty when the exigencies of every occasion 
demanded, here claim our special attention, but limited 
space permits only a few of their names to be here men- 
tioned : We have Robert Goldsborough, Daniel Sulivane, 
Henry Travers, Richard Sprigg, Thomas Ennalls, William^ 
Ennalls, John Dickinson, Joseph Richardson, Henry Steele, 
John Henry, James Muse, Thomas Jones, Benjamin Keene, 
Henry Hooper, James Murray, Robert Harrison, and many 
others, who then forgot past political differencs and united 
in a common cause for colonial rights unjustly denied by 
English control in the province. Even the notable agita- 
tion for political and financial rule in Maryland between the 



198 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

people and the Proprietary branch of the provincial admin- 
istration which reached a high state of excitement between 
1770 and 1773, when the lower House of Assembly refused 
to renew the Act for regulating the fees of office in the execu- 
tive departments of the government, and which Governor 
Eden attempted to reestablish by proclamation, and which 
caused the spirited controversy between Charles Carroll and 
Daniel Dulany, was soon buried under the flood of patriotic 
influences and sentiment that moved the masses toward the 
revolutionary struggle. 

The English methods then used for raising revenue for 
home use, by taxing the American colonist, are too- familiar to 
Maryland readers for repetition here, but the plans adopted 
in the colonies to- evade the unjust imposition of "taxation 
without representation" were partly of Maryland origin and 
thus make a connection with our local history through the 
county representatives who helped to formulate them. While 
non-importation associations had been organized in some of 
the colonies and the refusal to import British goods or buy 
them, if imported, had provoked great commercial disturb- 
ances in seaport towns, it was not sufficient to redress 
colonial grievances, long and patiently borne under English 
rule. The colonists, at first, did not propose to resort to 
arms to secure their rights as subjects of their mother-land, 
much-loved England, to which, by kindred blood, they had 
been loyally and devotedly allied; but the fire-brand that 
aroused universal indignation among them was the passage 
of the "Boston Port Bill" by Parliament, March 31, 1774. 
Soon public meetings were called to consider the gravity of 
the strained relations between the colonies and the "Crown." 
One of the first meetings was held in Baltimore, May 31, 
1774, where it was recommended that deputies be chosen 
from each county to convene in Annapolis, there to deter- 
mine on a course of conduct for the province. Delegates 
were accordingly chosen and met at Annapolis, June 22, 
1774; they were county representatives of large influence; 
those from Dorchester being Robert Goldsborough, William 



ASSOCIATION OF THE FREEMEN OF MARYLAND IQQ 

Ennalls, Henry Steele, John Ennalls, Robert Harrison, Col. 
Henry Hooper and Mathew Brown. This convention 
resolved to adopt a commercial policy of non-intercourse 
with England, and appointed deputies to a Congress of all 
the colonies to insure unity of action on this line. The gen- 
eral Congress met in Philadelphia in September, 1774; the 
members from Maryland being Robert Goldsborough (of 
Dorchester), Mathew Tilghman, Thomas Johnson, Jr., Wil- 
liam Paca and Samuel Chase. There the Maryland policy 
was adopted, and resolutions also passed urging the colonies 
to use the best methods possible for the preservation of 
American liberties. Public meetings were held in all the 
counties of Maryland to ratify this poHcy; committees were 
chosen to enforce it, and delegates elected tO' a second con- 
vention, which met at Annapolis in November, but adjourned 
until December 8. This convention provided for the organ- 
ization and drill of the militia and the purchase of arms and 
ammunition bv authorizing a subscription of £10,000, of 
which Dorchester County was to raise £480. This repre- 
sentative convention of the people was the beginning of the 
political revolution that converted the Proprietary province 
of Maryland into a State government. 

This convention of Deputies met again in April. 1775, and 
while in session, received the news of the battle of Lexington. 
It authorized the election of new Deputies to the next con- 
vention, known as the Association of the Freemen of Mary- 
land, that met July 26, 1775. The Dorchester County Dele- 
gates were Robert Goldsborough, Henry Hooper, James 
Murray, Thomas Ennalls and Robert Harrison. 

This convention appointed a Council of Safety, which sat 
at Annapolis to shape matters and measures relating to the 
"policy of resistance" between the meetings of the conven- 
tions. This committee was assisted by a Committee of 
Observation in each county, which kept the Council con- 
stantly advised and carried out its orders. The Committee 
of Observation in Dorchester County consisted of fifteen 
members, which were elected in September, 1775, namely: 



200 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Joseph Richardson, Chairman; Col. Henry Hooper, Joseph 
Baffin, Thomas Ennalls and others, with John C. Harrison, 
Clerk, and James Murray, Secretary. 

The Committee of Observation had authority to inspect 
the course and report upon the conduct of any person whose 
loyalty to the cause of the colonists might be suspected, and 
to investigate charges of disloyalty. 

On the Committee of Ways and Means of the Conven- 
tion, Robert Goldsborough served and James Murray was 
appointed a member of a committee to consider plans for 
establishing a manufactory for making arms. 

Much important business was done by this convention to 
put the province in the best state of defence then possible. 
Authority was given to raise forty companies of minute-men 
in the province, two of which were to be Dorchester's quota. 
The minute-men agreed by enrollment to serve until March, 
1776, and "March to any place ordered in any of the colonies 
and fight for the preservation of American liberty with their 
whole power." 

December 7, 1775, the next Convention of Delegates met 
at Annapolis. Dorchester County was re4Dresented by John 
Ennalls, James Murray, Henry Hooper and William Ennalls. 

This convention resolved to put the province in a better 
state of defence and to raise an additional force of one bat- 
talion of eight companies and seven independent companies. 
Many recruiting offices were opened in the counties, and 
volunteers soon filled up these companies, of which the Sixth 
was raised in Dorchester County, and first officered by Capt. 
Lemuel Barrett; First Lieut. Thomas Woolford, Second 
Lieut. John Eccleston and Third Lieut. Hooper Hudson. 
Later, Captain Barrett resigned and Lieutenant Woolford 
was promoted to fill the vacancy. Lieutenants Eccleston 
a<id Hudson were also promoted to the successive vacancies. 

The muster roll of the Sixth Independent Company was as 
follows : 

Commissioned January 5, 1776, Thomas Woolford, Cap- 
tain; John Eccleston, First Lieutenant; Hooper Hodson, 
Second Lieutenant. 



SIXTH INDEPENDENT COMPANY 



20 1 



Commissioned March 2, 1776, Lilburn Williams, Third 
Lieutenant. 

Privates. 



John Gray, 
Hugh McKinley, 
John Linch, 
Hooper Hodson, 
William Watts, 
James McCollister, 
Edward McFading, 
Hugh Walworth, 
John Watkins, 
Thomas Gains, 
Edward Flin, 
Lawrence Hughes, 
Samuel McCracking, 
Samuel Jones, 
William Lee, 
Joseph Read, 
Mich'l Connor, 
John Welsh, 
Nathan Wright, 
John Dunn, 
Jonathan Price, 
Patrick Rach, 
Thos. Grayham, 
Solomon Tyler, 
Robert Ruark, 
Mathew Hayward, 
Samuel North, 
Jacob Hooston, 
William Compton, 
^William Cole, 
Lawrence Fitzpatrick, 
William Thom, 
Daniel Norris, 



Patrick Caton, 
Patrick Connerly, 
William Woolford, 
Richard Frazier, 
Peter Taylor, 
Thomas Howell, 
Richard Wood, 
John Martin, 
John Callihorn, 
Samuel Ash, 
Chris. Minges, 
John Murphy, 
Patk. Farren, 
Barney Maloy, 
John Bassett, 
Luke Cox, 
Thomas Bayley, 
Wm. Smith, 
Charles Foxwell, 
Miles Shehern, 
Caleb Joy, 
Wm. Mann, 
William Dingle, 
John Hayward, 
Edward Hardikin, 

J Sherren, 

Thomas Harrison, 
William Killinough, 
Isaac Southard, 
Joseph Stapleford, 
John Noble, 
James Sulivain, 
John Keren, 



202 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



Geo. Vest, 
John M alone, 
Hugh Kelly, 
Daniel Brophy, 
Edward Hodson, 
Edward Garroughty, 
Dewest Downing, 
Ephraim Wheeler, 
Benjamin Deshield, 
Daniel Dinet, 
Philip Hodge, 
Francis Noble, 
John Caffey, 
Matthew Colbert, 

William lihay, 

Edward Williams, 
Thomas Saunders, 
Levin Prichard, 
Spencer Saunders, 
Richard Gamble, 



Privates — Continued. 
Dennis — 



Hooper Elliott, 
Thomas Hayward, 
Samuel Spencer, 
James Urey, 
Robert Skinner, 
Thomas Hart, 
Absolum Comini, 
William Becks, 
John Stevens, 
William Hale, 
John Martin, of Dorset, 
James Andrew, 
William Hays, 
Jeremiah Andrew, 
James Haney, 
Richard Bush, 
Robert Henderson, 
James Dolly, 
Robert Smith, 
William Andrew. 



By order of the Council of Safety, this company was tem- 
porarily stationed at Cambridge. 

This company was not the first organized in Dorchester. 
Fired by the miHtary spirit of defence for the protection of 
home and family, the brave men here rapidly organized into 
militia companies. The first one was enrolled on November 
30, 1775, with fifty-seven privates, one drummer, four cor- 
porals and four sergeants; officered by Benjamin Keene, 
Captain; John Keene, Jr., First Lieutenant; Richard Tub- 
man, Second Lieutenant, and John Grifhth, Ensign. It was 
called "The Bucks Company." The next company was 
called "Friends to America," ofificered by Capt. Timothy 
McNamara, First Lieut. John Stewart McNamara, Second 
Lieut. Charles Johnson, and Ensign John Kirwan. Other 
companies were formed : "The Plymouth Greens," Capt. 



MILITIA COMPANIES 2O3 

JWilliam Travers, Lieuts. J. Ashcomb Travers and Alexander 
Tolly, and Ensign Philip Ferguson, were its officers; "The 
Transqtiaking, Company," in command of Capt. Zacharias 
Campbell and Lieut. Bartholomew Ennalls, Jr.; "The Cam- 
bridge Blues," under Dr. Thomas Bourk, Captain, Ezekiel 
Vickers and Thomas Firmin Eccleston, Lieutenants, and 
Nathaniel Manning, Ensign; and "The New Market Blues," 
organized by Lieuts. Thos. Logan and James Sulivane, and 
John Pitt Airey, Ensign. The officers, with Capt. Henry 
Lake, in his company, were Lieuts. Levi Willin and Luke 
Robinson and Ensign Job Todd. Commissions were also 
issued to the following officers of companies : Capt. Den- 
wood Hicks, First Lieut. Moses LeCompte, Second Lieut. 
Henry Keene and John Budd, Ensign; Capt. Joseph Byus, 
of Castle Haven Company, and Capt. George Waters, First 
Lieut. James Wright, Second Lieut. Joseph Stack and John 
Caulk, Ensign. 

These militia companies, with others organized in 1776, 
were divided into two battalions, the upper one was com- 
manded by Col. James Murray, Lieut.-Col. John Dickenson, 
First Major Joseph Ennalls, Second Major Joseph Richard- 
son, and Quartermaster Robert Gilmore; the lower one by 
Col. Thomas Ennalls, Lieut. Col. John Ennalls, First Major 
Richard Harrison, Second Major Thomas Muse and Quar- 
termaster Thomas Jones. 

Col. Henry Hooper, of Dorchester County, had been 
appointed Brigadier-General of the military forces for the 
lower district on the Eastern Shore. Toi protect the inhab- 
itants who lived along the Bay and rivers in Dorchester 
from the plundering invaders of Lord Dunmore's fleet. Gen- 
eral Henry Hooper distributed the militia in July, 1776, as 
follows: Colonel Richardson, with 125 privates, at Cam- 
bridge; Lieutenant-Colonel Stainton, with 120, at Cook's 
Point; Captains Robson and Stephen Woolford, with 15 
each, at Taylor's Island and James' Island; Captain Keene, 
with 15, at Meekin's Neck; Captain Wheatley, with 15, 
at Ascom's Island; Captain Travers, with 15, at Hooper's 



204 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Island; Lietit.-Col. John Ennalls, with 45, at Honga River; 
Colonel Murray, with 130, and Major Fallin, with 30, at 
Hooper's Straits. 

This organization of the volunteer companies for the Con- 
tinental Army and the militia companies for the home de- 
fence was but the beginning of the army mobilization for 
the most desperate struggle ever begun for national inde- 
pendence. 

After appointing many officers and raising means for arm- 
ing and equiping the volunteers, this convention adjourned 
January 18, 1776. 

The convention met again on May 8, 1776. Dorchester 
sent Robert Goldsborough, Henry Hooper, James Murray 
and John Ennalls. 

While this convention was in session, a letter in transit 
from Lord Germain, one of the English Secretaries of State, 
to Governor Eden, of Maryland, was intercepted. It out- 
lined a plan for invading Maryland and other colonies, and 
for restoring the legal government by land and sea forces, to 
which the Governor was to give his assistance in the opera- 
tions. This placed the Governor in a critical position, and 
the convention drafted a resolution "which was adiopted : 
"That for the public safety and quiet of the people, the judg- 
ment of the convention require the Governor to leave the 
province, and with full liberty to depart peaceably with his 
officers." The vote on the resolution was 41 affirmative and 
14 negative, four of which were cast by the Dorchester 
delegation. 

This convention adjourned and met again June 21, and 
while in session authorized an election to be held in the 
several counties to elect Delegates to a convention for organ- 
izing a State government. 

This new convention met August 14, 1776. The Dele- 
gates from Dorchester were Robert Goldsborough, James 
Murray, James Ennalls and Joseph Ennalls. It drafted a 
State Constitution and form of State government, which the 
people ratified by electing Delegates to a General Assembly, 



FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY 205 

which met on the fifth day of February, 1777. This was the 
iirst General Assembly of the State of Maryland. Thus the 
revolutionary conventions of the colonists in Maryland that 
made preparations for war in 1775 and 1776 and that had 
felt the shock of disastrous battles, retired from power, then 
conferred on a State government holding greater public 
confidence. 



CHAPTER XXV. 

FLYING CAMP VOLUNTEERS — TORIES BELOW HOOPER's STRAITS IN COMMU- 
NICATION WITH DUNMORE's FLEET — THEIR CAPTURE BY MAJOR FALLIN's 
MILITIA COMPANY — CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN COUNTY OFFICERS AND 
THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY — ANXIETY OF COUNTY MILITIA WITH NO ARMS FOR 
DEFENCE — OTHER COMPLAINTS OF DISLOYALTY — DEPREDATIONS BY CAPT. 
RICHARD ANDREW AND CITIZENS OF CAROLINE COUNTY, BY SEIZING SALT — 
SHOCK OF WAR AFTER THE BATTLE OF LONG ISLAND, AND ITS EFFECTS ON 
THE MILITIA AND TROOPS — PRIVATEERS — LETTERS OF MARQUE FOR 
"STURDY beggar" — COERCION OF TORIES IN SOMERSET AND WORCES- 
TER COUNTIES — THEIR ARREST AND IMPRISONMENT IN CAMBRIDGE, IN 
1777— PAY AND UNIFORM OF CONTINENTAL TROOPS — TRIALS OF A RE- 
CRUITING OFFICER IN DORCHESTER COUNTY — MORE MILITIA RECRUITED 
— DRAFTS MADE — COLLECTIONS OF BLANKETS AND CLOTHING FOR THE 
ARMY IN THE FIELD — EXTREME PRIVATIONS IN THE MARYLAND LINE. 

The Continental Congress, which was in session on June 
3, 1776, asked for volunteers to be known as the "Flying 
Camp." Pennsylvania was to furnish 6000 men, Maryland, 
3400; Delaware, 600; to be stationed in the middle colonies. 
They were to be volunteers from the militia already organ- 
ized in the colonies and tO' serve until December i, 1776, 
unless sooner discharged. 

Following is the list of Dorchester County volunteers for 
the "Flying Company:" 

Captain, Thomas Bourk. 
First Lieutenant, Burket Falcon. 
Second Lieutenant, John Lynch. 
Ensign, James Woolford Gray. 

Privates. 

James Ridgaway, John Connley, 

Henry Pritchett, Charles Fooks, 

John Jones, Ezekiel Hooper, 

Adam Smith, Wm. Collins Taylr, 

Isaac Cordery, Mathew Bright, 

John McGraw, Hooper Evans, 



THE FLYING COMPANY 



207 



Privates — Continued. 



John Hooper, 

Matthew Anderson, 

James Kelly, 

Thomas Hill, 

Joseph Travers, 

Lewis Pickron, 

John Eliason, 

Matthew Handley, 

Carter Williams, 

Valentine Arnett, 

Solomon Jones, 

Thomas Ayers, 

Kimbrol Follin, 

George Proctor, 

James Ingram, 

Barnaby Current, 

Michael Mullin, 

John Mitchell, 

John Vinson, 

Wm. Hubbard, 

Charles Strong, 

Wm. Man, 

John Wiley, 

Thomas Bartlett, 

David Kirk, 

Wm. Sanders, 

Elijah Bright, 

John Bourk, 

Whittington Wallace, 

Bryan Sweeny, 

Wm. Rogers, 

Thomas Cook, 

Samuel Stanford, 

William Morean or Moren, 

William O'Hara, 

Henry Bright, 



Thomas Hooper, 
Wm. Wilson, 
Thomas Watson, 
George Branigan, 
John Redington, 
Emanuel Nicholson, 
John Brown, 
John Clary, 
Stephen Stubbs, 
Thomas Roberts, 
David Cullin, 
John Burriss, 
Thomas Bright, 
William Moore, 
Hugh Walworth, 
Thomas Keene, 
Wm. Mills, 
Wm. G. Gontee, 
Caleb Busick, 
James Frazier, 
George Murphy, 
Levin Lane, 
John Cummins, 
Henry Sutton, 
Joseph Shehann, 
Morris Lane, 
Thomas Noland, 
Martin Dorsey, 
James Murphy, 
John Baily, 
John Talbott, 
Daniel Coffee, 
Hugh McCall 
Abel Germier, 
Thomas Marshall, 
Peter Marshall, 



208 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Privates — Continued. 
John Dick, Edward Ingram, 

Michael Berry, John Insley (absent), 

John Friday, Anthony Fleetwood (absent), 

Feter Laughlain, Henry Harrington (absent), 

William Collins, George Childs (absent). 

Only a part of the military forces organized by recruiting 
of volunteers and by drafting others who' preferred the pri- 
vations of home to the greater ones in the army can be per- 
sonally named here for want of space. 

Acts of disloyalty committed by a few men who attempted 
to aid the British on vessels in the Bay and rivers, created 
some apprehension and excitement, and complaints of the 
officers and men in some of the militia companies called for 
military investigation. 

In June, 1776, Major Daniel Fallen, an active patriot of 
Straits, in command of some militia, about thirty men, sta- 
tioned at Hooper's Straits, took a small schooner in a creek 
that makes into Holland's Straits. On the boat were Joseph 
Wheland, Jr., John Evans, Robert Howith and John Price. 
They were sent to the Committee of Observation in the 
county, who sent them under an armed guard to the Council 
of Safety at Annapolis where they were committed to prison. 
One of the party, Wheland, was the man who piloted Lord 
Dunmore's vessels up to Nanticoke Point, and was with the 
British that took a lot of cattle from Hopkin's Island. The 
cargo found on the vessel and seized was one and a half 
hogsheads of rum, thirty bushels of salt, the sails and rigging 
of a sloop, a large quantity of old iron, together with a few 
guns, swords and cartridge boxes. 

INTERESTING MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 
[BouRK TO Council.] 

Cambridge, Md., July 19, 1776. 
Gentlemen : 

I have to acquaint you that we have not met with the 
wished-for success in raising the company you ordered us 



INTERESTING MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE 209 

to raise in this county. The militia having been discharged 
till after harvest, we have not had an opportunity of seeing 
the men; add to this that on my return from Annapolis, the 
Cambridge Blues were ordered to march to the Streights, 
where the enemy was said toi have landed. Unwilling to 
desert them at this time of danger, I commanded them on 
the expedition; sO' that it has not been in my power to exert 
myself as yet. Mr. Lynch has made up his complement; 
they are here and are a likely set of men. We have about 
forty or fifty men engaged in Somerset. I expect some next 
week from Worcester; I wait to know how many, which, 
when informed of, shall proceed to Annapolis to receive your 
orders, whether I shall continue to enlist or not. Our militia 
companies will meet next week, when we shall have a better 
opportunity of completing our number. Could I have 
engaged the men intO' immediate pay, the company would 
have been nearly completed. 

Mr. Lynch carries our warrant. 

I am, gentlemen, your obedient humble servant, 

Thomas Bourk. 

[Hooper to Jenifer.] 

Draft of Militia — Embarrassed for money to pay them zvhen 
in actual service. 

Dorchester County, July 19, 1776. 
Sir: 

On receipt of yours of the 15th inst., I immediately ordered 
a draft of fifteen privates and proper officers to be made from 
each company of militia of this Brigade, and those drafted in 
Dorset and Caroline Counties to be stationed in Dorset, and 
the drafted militia of Somerset and Worcester Counties to be 
stationed in Somerset County; the men so drafted are ordered 
to be at the several places of rendezvous on Wednesday, the 
24th inst. If your Board should not approve of this dispo- 
sition of the militia, you will please let me know it, and I 
shall make such alterations therein as you may direct. 

14 



210 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Although I have ordered out the miHtia to be in readiness 
to repel any attempt of the enemy to land in this district 
agreeably to your directions, yet I think it will be difficult 
to keep them together without some money; the county 
people here who have provision to sell showing a great 
unwillingness to part with unless paid for at the same time. 
I would therefore wish your Board would take some order 
about subsisting the militia of this District when called out 
in defence of the province by directing that the Treasurer of 
the Eastern Shore should pay to the Committee of Obser- 
vation for Dorset County such a sum of money as you may 
think necessary to be applied for the purpose of victualing 
and subsisting the militia^ when in actual service, as the com- 
manding officer of said Brigade shall direct. I have applied 
to General Chamberlain for 400 lbs. gunpowder and 1600 
lbs. of lead. If you should have received any further intel- 
ligence concerning Dunmore and his fleet, I should be glad 
to know it. 

I am respectfully, sir, your very humble servant, 

Henry Hooper. 

In reply to this letter, the Council ordered the Eastern 
Shore Treasurer to pay Gen. Henry Hooper £300 for the 
support of the militia when in service. 

Arms were so scarce in the county, and in province as well, 
that the Council ordered Captain Bourk to apply to Major 
Fallen, in Straits, for the guns he had captured a few weeks 
before on a small vessel below Hooper's Straits, that his men 
might be somewhat better equipped before marching to join 
the Continental Army. 

Our revolutionary ancestors were loyal, patriotic and 
brave, and ready to fight their merciless invaders, but without 
army supplies — food, clothing, arms and ammunition — the 
outlook was serious to the most heroic. Yet the preparations 
for war went hurriedly on. The Council of Safety, by order 



^Were the militia rolls of the volunteer companies raised for the defence 
of Dorchester County obtainable their names would be herein given. 



SUPPLIES FOR THE MILITIA 211 

of the Convention, directs Capt. Joseph Robson, on March 
21, 1776, to dehver to^ Capt. Thomas Woolford ten muskets, 
with the accoutrements thereto belonging,, and that the 
Treasurer of the Eastern Shore pay to Capt. Thomas Wool- 
ford £55 13s. 9d. (for blankets) for the use of his company, 
and that the Treasurer of the Western Shore pay to Lieut. 
John Eccleston £35 on account of Captain Woolford's com- 
pany; that Colonel Smallwood deliver to Capt. Thomas 
Woolford 20 pieces Osnaburg, 50 cartouch boxes and belts, 
31 French muskets and bayonets with slings, and a half ream 
of cartridge paper; and that Captain Woolford contract for 
the making of bayonets and scabbards for his company. 
These preparations were but the beginning of means and 
outfits to equip the Dorchester soldiers that were to go out 
to battle, and many to die a soldier's death for our country's 
liberty and independence. 

While the independent companies were almost equipped 
for service, the militia were mostly unarmed. 

How little the colonists of Dorchester were then prepared 
to defend their homes from invasion by the British forces 
under Lord Dunmore and others, and how great the desper- 
ate state of anxiety and resolution entertained by an 
unarmed militia, ready and willing to fight, but without 
guns and ammunition, is painfully depicted in the following 
letter from James Murray, Secretary of the Committee of 
Observation, to the Council of Safety: 

Gentlemen: 

From the sudden alarm which the sloop of war and her 
tenders have this week occasioned, it was thought necessary 
to order the militia of this county on duty to guard the 
frontier on the Bay shore * * * which they cheerfully 
complied with, but previous thereto were under a necessity 
of making application for arms and ammunition. We were 
in hopes that when it came to the test we should find many of 
them prepared with private property in ammunition, but in 
this we are deceived. There remained with us a barrel 



212 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

of powder and some ball, sent from Newtown last fall by the 
Council of Safety, which we have distributed, though it 
appears to be very indifferent and not such as we think men 
ought tO' hazard their lives with; this has gone but a small 
way in supplying the companies. The people grew exceed- 
ingly clamorous. We have been under the necessity of dis- 
tributing what little we have of private property, but the 
whole put together would scarce make three rounds apiece 
for the companies. To' what length they may go if not 
shortly supplied we cannot say, but we fear when they find 
that upon repeated applications, they are not supplied with 
the micans of defence they may despond and tamely submit 
to such ravages as these barbarians may think proper to 
commit. From the late conduct of the men of our county, 
we have not the least doubt of their spirit and firmness, and 
are fully satisfied they will make a bold and resolute stand 
in defence of the liberties of their county. * * * 



OTHER COMPLAINTS OF DISLOYALTY. 

After the organization of Capt. Henry Lake's company, 
several complaints were made against two- of his officers, 
namely, Levi Willin, First Lieutenant, and Job Todd, En- 
sign, charging them with acts of disloyalty. William Trav- 
ers, in command of a battalion of militia that embraced Cap- 
tain Lake's company, asked the Council of Safety to appoint 
a court martial to inquire into their conduct. Henry 
Hooper, in command at Cambridge, also addressed the Coun- 
cil of Safety about Willin and Todd. The Council appointed 
a court martial to try them. The members were : Col. 
John Ennalls, President of the Court; Col. Robert Harrison, 
Col. James Murray, Col. John Dickinson. Major Tliomas 
Muse, Major Thomas Jones, Major Joseph Ennalls, Major 
Joseph Richardson, members of the same Court. 

There is no record of any trial or further history about it. 

One, Basil Clarkson, was charged with going on board the 
British tenders in Hooper's Straits and giving them informa- 



DEPREDATIONS BY CAPTAIN ANDREW AND OTHERS 213 

tion, and also persuading Job Slacum and others to join 
Lord Dunmore's naval forces. Clarkson was arrested and 
committed to jail in Annapolis by the Council of Safety on 
evidence given by John Rumley, of Straits, before the Com- 
mittee ol Observation. He testified that he was taken by 
a British tender on the shore of Spring Island ; that while on 
the tender he saw a boat standing out of Hooper's Straits 
directly with the tenders in company with the one which he 
was on. The boat he knew to be Basil Clarkson's, on which 
there were three other persons, who went on board the ten- 
der; that he heard men on board the several tenders hail each 
other and say that the ''Defence" was laying ofif Hooper's 
Island; that Basil Clarkson and John Baptist told them so. 
After staying in jail for some time, Clarkson petitioned the 
Convention of Maryland to be released; that he was "almost 
starving and without bodily clothing or bedding." 



DEPREDATIONS BY CAPT. RICHARD ANDREW 
AND OTHERS OF CAROLINE COUNTY. 

In great desperation for want of salt, then sO' scarce, 
Capt. Richard Andrew and a number of men, in November, 
1776, entered and searched the dwelling house and out- 
houses of James Sulivane, looking for salt. As they found 
only five bushels they did not take any. They then went to 
Col. James Murray's, on Hunting Creek (now known as the 
Billup's farm), got the house keys from Mrs. Murray and 
took fourteen and a half bushels of salt. They offered tO' 
pay for it, but Mrs. Murray refused payment; however, they 
left $14.50 in the house. 

To punish these disorderly people, the Committee ol 
Observation summoned witnesses and those active in the 
affair, but they did not appear and a hearing was set for the 
following Wednesday, and wholly unexpectedly they came, 
headed by Captain Andrew with more than a hundred armed 
men. They were so disorderly that nothing could be done 
in the matter. They declared they would risk their lives 



214 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

in defence of their acts. An appeal was made to the Council 
of Safety to have Gen. Henry Hooper's brigade of mihtia sent 
to arrest them, but considering the need of troops elsewhere 
and the urgent appeals made by the people on the Eastern 
Shore for salt, then so scarce that some families had not had 
a pint in months, it seemed that the sending of militia into 
the county to^ suppress local disturbances not reg rded as 
disloyal acts, might lead to serious revolts at this critical 
period of the Revolutionary conflict. The situation of the 
American Army at this time was deplorable. Congress and 
the people were terribly disheartened. General Washington 
had been given absolute military control for six months, 
with powers to organize additional infantry, cavalry, artillery 
and engineers corps. 

The people of Dorchester had now begun to feel the 
awful shock of war. Out of the Sixth Independent Com- 
pany, commanded by Capt. Thomas Woolford; the Flying 
Camp Company, under Captain Bourk, and the minute-men 
who had formed a part of the Maryland Line in the battle 
of Long Island, so recently fought, some brave sons of Dor- 
chester heroically gave up their lives for their country. Fol- 
lowing this defeat was the surrender of Fort Washington on 
November i6, when more than two thousand Americans 
were taken prisoners, who were crowded into horrible prisons 
about New York, where they had not room to lie down on 
the bare floors to sleep, and were otherwise subjected to great 
cruelty, appalling to humanity, that made many patriots 
who had volunteered to fight for American Independence halt 
in the face of duty to home and country, and become terror- 
stricken at the reports of such prison atrocities. Many 
thoughtfully considered if it were their duty to throw their 
lives avk^ay in a cause so hopeless and leave their dependent, 
helpless families at the mercy of such inhuman victors. Some 
decided first to feed and defend their wives and children at 
their humble homes rather than take the risk of a cruel death 
within the stifling walls of foul prisons. Hence they declined 
to volunteer in the Continental Army, a few of whom were 



PRIVATEERS LETTERS OF MARQUE 215 

Dorchester Countians who possessed stronger feelings of 
devotion to home and family than patriotism for national 
liberty. They reasoned that it would be better to live and 
protect their hungry families under English rule than to die 
for independence impossible to obtain. 

Yet with all the horrors of war and starving prisons to 
confront the great body of Maryland soldiers were patriotic, 
loyal and true till death or independence. 



PRIVATEERS— LETTERS OF MARQUE 
GRANTED. 

While every possible effort was made by the Council of 
Safety, supported by the people in the counties, to equip a 
fighting army on land, the people in Baltimore, with large 
commercial interests involved by the war, assisted as early as 
1776 in fitting out some privateers tO' prey on English ship- 
ping. . 

The brig "Sturdy Beggar" was equipped with 14 guns 
and manned for a cruise in November, when Capt. John 
McKeel, of Dorchester County, was commissioned her Cap- 
tain; a part of her crew was also from Dorchester County, 
but of their names we find no record. 

On the 13th of January, 1777, a number of loyal colonists 
in Somerset and Worcester Counties represented to Con- 
gress that the Tories in those counties entertained disloyal 
designs, possibly an uprising in arms. They asked Congress 
for an armed force to maintain peace and protection. Con- 
gress referred the matter to the General Assembly of Mary- 
land, requesting that a military force be sent there to^ suppress 
disorder, arrest and disarm any disloyal organizations, and 
make them take the oath of allegiance tO' the State. 

An expedition of militia under Brig.-Gen. Henry Hooper, 
a naval force from Hooper's Straits, commanded by Capt. 
James Campbell, of Dorchester County, and Col. Southey 
Simpson, of Virginia, with a command which had advanced 
into Maryland, coerced the Tories in that part of the Eastern 



2l6 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Shore and arrested a large number of them, who were car- 
ried to Cambridge jail. They were held there for some 
months in prison; and in 1778 they petitioned Governor 
Johnson for a special hearing to determine their offences 
for which they were detained. Their names were as follows : 
Isaac Marshall, Purnell Outen, Benjamin Henderson, George 
Furnace, Robert Gibbs, David Adams, Thomas Wood Pot- 
ter, Isaac Gunby, Thomas Tull, Jacob Cullin, Michael Ben- 
ston, Michael Holland, Joseph Gunby, WilHam Brotten, 
Thomas Cullin, Elisha Johnson, Levin Tybbs, Jacob Heron, 
Littleton Johnson, Benjamin Sommers, John Riggin, Henry 
Stirling, Thomas Ward, Solomon Bird, George Sommers, 
Aaron Stirling, John Colbourn, Ezekiel Ward, Aaron Col- 
bourn and Thomas Sommers, of Somerset County ; and Jessie 
Ellis, Levi Ellis, Edward Cropper, Samuel Dryden, William 
Jones, Joshua Butler, Benjamin Davis, Levin Disharoom,- 
Thomas Cottingham, Ephraim Henderson, Thomas Taylor, 
Stephen Roach, Zorobabal Hill, Henry Parker, Hezekiah 
Cary, Elisha Heron and Eliakim Dubley, of Worcester 
County. Some citizens in those counties to-day have similar 
names and are, no doubt, descendants of some of the above- 
named, who then preferred to bear English imposition with 
• loyal allegiance rather than trust to the hazardous destiny of 
rebellion in a desperate struggle for liberty. 

PAY AND CLOTHING OF THE CONTINENTAL 
SOLDIERS. 

The soldier's pay, uniform and fighting equipments were 
not temptations for colonists to enlist. The pay of the bat- 
talions and independent companies, by the month, was sched- 
uled as follows: Colonel, $50 — expenses, $30; Lieutenant- 
Colonel, $40 — expenses, $20; Major, $33/^ ; Captain, $26 
Lieutenant, $18; Ensign, $16; Sergeant, $6^ ; Corporal, $6 
Drummer and Fifer, $6; Surgeon, $40; Surgeon's Mate, $20 
Chaplain, $20; Private, $5/^ ; Clerk to Colonel, $20. 



TRIALS OF A RECRUITING OFFICER 217 

The uniforms of the land forces were hunting shirts of 
various colors; marines, blue hunting shirts. 



TRIALS OF A RECRUITING OFFICER IN DOR- 
CHESTER COUNTY, JANUARY, 1777. 

Memorial of Thomas Sparrow to the Council of 
Safety. 

That agreeable to the warrant your Honors was pleased 
to grant me for the purpose of recruiting men for the ser- 
vice of the State, I repaired to Dorchester County, where I 
had the promise of a sufficient number, and believe I could 
have enlisted them, but for the reasons hereafter mentioned. 

I was four days on my passage from Annapolis to Cam- 
bridge, and on my arrival, Major Thomas Muse being dead, 
I was obliged to wait a week before I could acquaint your 
Honors therewith. ColoneJ. Travers, knowing the disap- 
pointment I had met with, told me he was going to Annap- 
olis and should soon return with an answer if I would write 
to have another gentleman appointed to assist me with cash 
for the recruits. I waited six days after Colonel Travers' 
return to his house at Hooper's Island for the letter directed 
to Captain Daffin, which gentleman supplied me with a horse 
to ride for it, as Colonel Travers had omitted to send it to 
him. I received the letter, and on my return to Cambridge, 
heard the corps belonging to Dorchester County was to meet 
at the Lightwood Knot Chappie. Mr. Peter Carvil told me 
he would ride to that place with me and made no doubt 
but that I w^ould enlist thirty men, as he had heard many 
intended to meet me there for that purpose. I had not re- 
ceived my cash, but as that opportunity offered, I concluded 
to advance the small sum I had to bear my expenses, which, 
if not sufficient, Mr. Carvil offered to supply me with, and 
to do him justice, he was the only friend I had in the field 
who had courage enough to stand by me. I proceeded to 
do my duty, and undertook to read the resolve of Conven- 



2l8 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

tion with respect to raising matrosses. One of the company 
told me it was all false and if any man should enlist he would 
be sent to Philadelphia and not to Annapolis, and that they 
were damned fools that would go to fight against their King. 
I then told him he was a Tory; another told me I should not 
come there to find anything else. * * * ^ young man 
then desired to hear the proposals. I attempted to read 
them to him, but one of the company struck the paper, and 
many of them made such a noise that prevented me from 
informing those who wanted to enlist. I then put up my 
papers lest they should take them from me. About an hour 
after a man called me aside and told me he would enlist at 
Cambridge for he was afraid to do it there. Mr. George 
Slacum overheard him and said, "Damn your forty shillings, 
it is not worth sixpence. I have gold and silver enough 
and will give fifty shillings to a man either tO' fight for the 
King, or not fight against him." * * * Mr. George Sla- 
cum told me I was a damned rascal in ofTering to enlist men 
against the King, and they were damned fools that would go 
with me. I immediately after saw men whispering together 
in different places, when a young man passed by me and said, 
"Go ofif or you will be murdered." I took his advice. It 
being dark, I knew not the road perfectly. In a few minutes 
I heard some horses in full speed coming after me. I took 
to the woods and made my escape for that time. * * * 
In Cambridge, I next tried to beat up recruits, it being the 
time of the election. I had a flag made of two sheets of small 
bills, which one of a mob that had raised there against me 
often attempted to take from the man who had it and struck 
him. They then proceeded to insult me. * * * John 
Chalmere, seeing the treatment I met with, told me he had 
two swords and that I was welcome to one of them. I 
accepted of one of them and soon cleared the town of my 
enemies. 

Lieut. James Gray was much my friend in this afifair. 
I intended next to go to New Market, as there was tO' be 
two days' races, but my friends advised me not as it was 



SCARCITY OF CLOTHING AND FOOD 2T9 

expected many of Captain Andrews' men would be there, 
and I should be used ill. 

I complained to many of the Committee and in particular 
to Captain Baffin and Mr. Ennalls, who told me they were 
sorry I was used so ill, but it was out of their power to help 

i4- 'K T* ^ 

Thomas Sparrow. 

In Dorchester there were many patriots who nobly did 
their duty. 

In August, 1777, commissions were issued to more volun- 
teers, viz: Edward Noel, Captain; John Chalmers, First 
Lieutenant; Thomas Woolford, Second Lieutenant; Thomas 
Smith, Jr., Ensign; officers of a company of militia tO' serve 
under Col. William Richardson. 

Out of the many militia companies organized in the county 
frequent drafts were made for recruits to fill up the broken 
ranks of the Dorchester companies serving in the Continen- 
tal Army. 



GREAT SCARCITY OF CLOTHING AND FOOD 
FOR THE CONTINENTAL ARMY. 

In 1777 the American Army was so greatly in need of 
clothing and blankets that collectors were appointed in each 
county to collect these necessities wherever possible. John 
Ennalls was appointed Superintendent of Collections in Dor- 
chester County, with the following Collectors: In Great 
Choptank Hundred, Joseph Richardson; Nanticoke, Zacha- 
riah Campbell; Transquaking, Joseph Ennalls, Jr.; Little 
Choptank, Joseph Robert Harrison; Fishing Creek, Thos. 
Jones; Hermitage, William Travers; Streights, Daniel Fallen. 

The Governor and Council limited the prices to be paid 
as follows : Blankets, £3 ; a pair of shoes, 3od. ; a pair of 
stockings, 3od.; a hat, 3od.; coarse woolens, fit for soldiers' 
coats, jackets, or breeches, % yard wide, 5od.; linen, fit for 
C. B. soldiers' shirts, per yard, i6d. 



220 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Feeding the army was also difficult, patriotism alone would 
not furnish supplies; money was necessary in making pur- 
chases, though it was at a great depreciation, far below par 
with silver and gold. 

In the following year, want and privation so much discour- 
aged the soldiers, then in such great demand that bounties 
were paid for volunteers and deserters were pardoned who- 
returned to duty, while agents were in every county trying 
to purchase army supplies for the hungry and half-naked 
soldiers. James Sulivane, of Dorchester County, was the 
Deputy Assistant Commissary in Dorchester and Somerset, 
trying, under great difficulties, to purchase food for a starv- 
ing army. 



CHAPTER XXVI. 

CORRESPONDENCE IN REFERENCE TO BRITISH PRISONERS HELD AT CAM- 
BRIDGE — DORCHESTER MILITIA OFFICERS, LOWER AND UPPER BATTAL- 
IONS, AND HALF BATTALION COMMISSIONED — PRESSING DEMAND FOR 
ARMY RECRUITS — VOLUNTEERS COMMISSIONED — SUBSTITUTES FUR- 
NISHED BY THE WEALTHY — NEW ENROLLMENT OF COUNTY MILITIA IN 
1780; OFFICERS NAMED — 1781, LETTER TO THE GOVERNOR FROM GEN. 
HENRY HOOPER, EXPLAINING DRAFT, AND INVASION OF BRITISH BARGES 
IN THE RIVERS OF DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

In May, 1778, correspondence between the Council of 
Safety and the Military Commander at Cambridge shows 
that a number of British prisoners were then held there 
under guard of Thomas Smith. Governor Johnson gave 
orders tO' Commodore Grason "to proceed with the gallies 
'Conqueror' and 'Chester,' boats 'Plater' and 'Amelia' and 
two boats taken up on this occasion to Cambridge, and there 
receive into your charge the crew of the British Frigate 'Mer- 
maid,' now prisoners of war. The prisoners are to be dis- 
tributed amongst the vessels with a view to convenience and 
security. Your disposition and prudence, we flatter our- 
selves, will make it unnecessary for us to give particular 
instructions as tO' your treatment of the prisoners. You are 
to come too off Annapolis for further instructions." 

In August following instructions were given Lieut. Henry 
Hooper to send ten or twelve British prisoners, part of the 
crew of the "Mermaid," who had been held while sick to 
Philadelphia for exchange. 

LIST OF MILITIA OFFICERS IN DORCHES- 
TER COUNTY. 

Upper Battalion, with Date of Commission. 

John Dickinson, Captain, May 20, 1778, 

Joseph Ennalls, Lieutenant-Colonel, May 20, 1778. 



222 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Joseph Richardson, Major, May 20, 1778. Promoted. 

John Smioot, Captainij May 20, 1778. Commander in 
Horse Corps. 

Levin Kirkman, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. Pro- 
moted to Captain, July 2, 1781. 

Wm. Ennalls Hicks, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Promoted to First Lieutenant, 1781. 

Nathan Smith, Second Lieutenant. Appointed Second 
Lieutenant, 1781. 

James Layton, Ensign, May 20, 1778. Resigned. 

Charles Adams, Ensign. Appointed August 23, 1781. 

Jacob Wright, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

William Lowe, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

Robert Russum, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

Isaac Low, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

John Langfitt, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

Levin Bestpitch, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

George Brown, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
___ William Phillips, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

Spencer Waters, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

Ezekiel Reed, Captain. Appointed Captain April 27, 1778. 

Isaac Reed, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

Nehemiah Messick, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Moved out of county. 

John Reed, Second Lieutenant. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, July 28, 1780. 

John Twyford, Ensign, May 20, 1778. Resigned. 

Frank Turpin, Ensign. Appointed Ensign. 

Wm. Walters, Ensign. Appointed Ensign. 

Roger Hooper, Captain, March i, 1779. 

Samuel Hooper, First Lieutenant, December 16, ,1779. 

Edward Scotten, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Walter Rawley, Ensign, December 16, 1779. 

Bartholomew Ennalls, Jr., Captain, December 16, 1779. 

Handley Hanley, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Anthony Manning, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 
1779. 



LIST OF MILITIA OFFICERS 223 

Joseph Hooper, Ensig-n, December i6, 1779. 

Joseph Baffin, Captain, December 16, 1779. Promoted 
Major. 

Thomas Logan, First Lieutenant. Promoted Captain, 
July 28, 1780. 

James SuHvan, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 1779- 
Promoted First Lieutenant. Promoted Captain, July 2, 
1781. 

Willis Newton, Ensign, December 16, 1779. Promoted 
Second Lieutenant. Promoted First Lieutenant. 

Thomas White, Ensign, December 16, 1779. Appointed 
Second Lieutenant. 

John White, Ensign. 

James Wright, Captain, December 16, 1779. Gone to 
Carolina. 

William Russum, Captain. Appointed, August 23, 1781. 

John Miles, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Joseph Stack, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Jeremiah Connerly, Ensign. 

Levin Handley, Captain, December 16, 1779. Ran away, 

Wm. Ennalls Hooper, Captain. Appointed Captain, July 
28, 1780. 

John Hooper, Captain. Appointed July 2, 1781. 

John Hooper, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. Pro- 
moted Captain. 

James Hooper, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 
Promoted First Lieutenant. 

James McCallister, Second Lieutenant. Appointed, July 
2, 1781. 

John Marshall, Ensign, December 16, 1779. Substitute. 
Promoted Second Lieutenant. 

John Henry, Captain. 

John Muir, First Lieutenant. 

Benjamin Bailey, Second Lieutenant. 

William Morgan, Ensign. 

Jacob Stratton, Ensign, May 20, 1777. 



224 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

LIST OF MILITIA OFFICERS IN DORCHESTER 

COUNTY. 

Lower Battalion, with Date of Commission. 

Robert Harrison, Colonel, May 20, 1778. 

Thomas Jones, Colonel, May 20, 1778. Appointed Col- 
onel. 

Robert Harrison, Colonel. Reappointed Colonel, Feb- 
ruary, 1 78 1. 

Ezekiel Vickers, Major, May 20, 1778. 

Nathaniel Manning, Captain, December 16, 1779. 

Levin Woolford, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Benjamin Woodward, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 
1779. 

Charles Stewart, Ensign, December 16, 1779. 

Joseph Robinson, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

Moses LeCompte, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Resigned. 

John Budd, Ensign, May 20, 1778. Promoted First Lieu- 
tenant August 23, 1 78 1. 

John Aaron, Ensign. Appointed August 2t„ 1781. 

Augustus Wheatley, Captain, December 16, 1779. 

John Fletcher, Captain. Appodnted Captain, July 28, 
1780. 

William Dail, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Thomas Wheeler, Second Lieutenant. 

Thomas Vickers of Jno., Ensign, December 16, 1779. 
Promoted. 

Stephen Ross, Ensign. Appointed. 

Roger Jones, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

John Bramble, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

John Jones, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

James Woolford, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

Levin Hubbard, Captain, December 16, 1779. 

William Thomas, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

John LeCompte, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Thomas Hubbard, Ensign, December 16, 1779. 



LIST OF MILITIA OFFICERS 225 

Benjamin Keene, Captain, May 20, 1778. Resigned. 

John Keene, Captain. Appointed August 23, 1781. 

Richard Tubman, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Appointed August 23, 1781. 

John Griffith, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. Aj>- 
pointed August 23, 1781. 

Benjamin Keene, Ensign. Appointed August 23, 1781. 

James Byus, Captain, December 16, 1779. Resigned. 

Joseph Hubbard, Captain. Appointed Captain, July 28, 
1780. 

Solomon Jones, First Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 

Joseph Hubbard, Second Lieutenant, December 16, 1779. 
Promoted Captain. 

Samuel Hubbard, Second Lieutenant. Promoted Second 
Lieutenant. 

William Vickers of Jno., Ensign. Appointed. 

Charles Staplefort, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

John Scott, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

Samuel Hooper, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

Bestpitch, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

Edward Staplefort, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

Hugh McGuire, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

Edward Pritchett, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 

John McGuire, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 



A Half Battalion or Corps. 

Matthew Travers, Captain, May 20, 1778. 
John Travers, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
PhiHp Ferguson, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
John King, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

John Todd, Captain, May 20, 1778. 
James Davis, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Michael Todd, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Reuben Andrews, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

16 



226 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Timothy McNamara, Captain, May 20, 1778. 
Jno. Stewart McNamara, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
^il^harles Johnson, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
John Kirwin, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

Henry Lake, Captain, May 20, 1778. 
Levin WilHn, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
Luke Robinson, Second Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. 
John Todd, Ensign, May 20, 1778. 

William Travers, Captain, May 20, 1778. 
Daniel Fallen, Major, May 20, 1778. 

Thomas Eccleston, Captain, May 20, 1778. 

Levin Travers, First Lieutenant, May 20, 1778. Commis- 
sioned in Roger A. Hooper's Company. 

John Stanford, Ensign, May 20, 1778. Commissioned 
in James Wright's Company. 

Stephen Ross, Ensign, May 20, 1778. Commissioned 
in Arthur Whiteley's Company. 

The demand for officers and men in 1779 and 1780 could 
not be fully supplied, though drafts were frequently made 
from the militia companies until almost every able-bodied 
man was drafted to fill up the ranks of the fighting army in 
the field. This called for the organization of new militia to 
do guard duty at home. Many of the militiamen who^ were 
financially able, procured for themselves substitutes from 
England, Scotland and Canada, to serve in the Continental 
Army, while they staid at home and still served in the militia. 
In March, 1779, commissions were issued to Bartholomew 
Ennalls, appointed Captain of a company in the place of 
John LeCompte; Handly Handy, First Lieutenant; Anthony 
Manning, Second Lieutenant, and James Hodson, Ensign; 
William Ennalls Hicks, Second Lieutenant of Captain 
Smoot's company, and William Newton, Ensign, of Captain 
Baffin's company, Upper Battalion of Mihtia. 



NEW ENROLLMENT 227 

November 2, Lieut. William Woolford, of the Second 
Maryland Regiment, took to the army the following recruits, 
viz: Patrick Bryan, Thomas Wyatt, James Harris, Levin 
Button, William Willen and David Robinson, and also took 
the following deserters, viz: John Carter, Henry Causey, 
Daniel Oliver, Laban Bramble and Gabriel Sales, who were 
sent with Captain Woolford to appear befpre the Governor 
and Council for decision whether they were to continue in 
the army or be discharged. 

NEW ENROLLMENT. 

Division of Dorchester County Militia into Bat- 
talions Returned by Henry Hooper. 

July 15, 1780. 

Twenty-three companies of Dorset Militia, divided into 
Battalions in the following order: 

For the Upper or Third Battalion, ten companies. 

Light Infantry. 

Capt. Joseph DafBn's company, 61 privates. 

Capt. John Smoot's company, 54 privates. 

Capt. Barth. Ennalls' company, 66 privates. 

Capt. John Henry's company, 64 privates. 

Capt. Roger Askom Hooper's company, 64 privates. 

Capt. John Langfitt's company, 65 privates. 

Lieut. John Hooper's company, 45 privates. 

Capt. Jacob Wright's company, 47 privates. 

Capt. Ezekiel Reed's company, 64 privates. 

Capt. James Wright's company, 55 privates. 

Total— 585. 

Commissioned and non-commissioned ofificers, 105. 

In the Lower or Nineteenth Battalion, nine companies. 
Capt. Nathaniel Manning's company, 70 privates. 
Capt. Joseph Robson's company, 69 privates. 



228 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Capt. Charles Staplefort's company, 71 privates. 
Lieut. William Bail's company, 53 privates 
Capt. Roger Jones' company, 61 privates. 
Capt. Levin Hubbard's company, 68 privates. 
Capt. Benjamin Keene's company, 62 privates. 
Lieut. Solomon Jones' company, 60 privates. 
Capt. Edward Staplefort's company, 56 privates. 

Total — 570. 
Commissioned and non-commissioned officers, iii. 

In the corps, four companies : 

Capt. Henry Lake's company, 69 privates. 

Capt. Timothy McNamara's company, 65 privates. 

Capt. John Todd's company, 52 privates. 

Capt. Job Slacum, Jr.'s company, 51 privates. 

Total — 237. 
Commissioned and non-commissioned officers, 53. 
Total number of privates — 1661. 

Daniel Fallen was Major in the Corps. 

Henry Hooper, 
Lieutenant, Dorset County. 

Official list of officers of Dorchester companies not here- 
tofore published: 

Captains. 

Francis Turpin, John Maguire, 

Joseph Wright, Jr. William Scott, 

John Turpin, Ebbin Newton, 

William Pattison, Samuel Keene, 

John Greene, William Taylor, 

Thomas Thompson, Edward Wright 

Lieutenants. 

Joseph Vickers, James Moore, 

Isaac Wright, Thomas Waters, 



LETTER FROM HENRY HOOPER TO THE GOVERNOR 229 

Lieutenants — Continued. 

Henry Smoot, Samuel Elliott, 

John Budd, Thomas Hicks. 
Cyrus Bell, 

Ensigns. 

Matthew Smith, William Medford, 

Charles Adams, Nathan Williams, 

Handy Handly, William Thompson, 

John Laing, William Jones, 

John Brohawn, John Bestpitch. 

In 1780 the seat of war was transferred to the southern 
colonies by the reinforcement of Lord Rawdon's amiy, with 
the army of Lord Cornwallis at Camden. In the American 
Army, the Maryland Line was there, fourteen hundred 
strong, including Col. Thos. Woolford, of Dorchester, and 
his regiment. The gallant Sumpter and Col. Woolford dar- 
ingly captured the army supplies of Cornwallis, taking a 
forty-wagon train and three hundred prisoners, only to be 
lost when overtaken by the British mounted infantry at 
Catawba Ford, on the Wateree River, where three or four 
hundred Americans were killed, wounded or captured. Col- 
onel Woolford was wounded and taken prisoner. In the 
battles of Camden and Catawba, the Maryland Line lost "six 
hundred and ninety-seven of the rank and file, and eighty 
non-commissioned ofiticers." In the sunny land of Carolina, 
on the battlefields of Camden and Catawba, sleep some of the 
soldier heroes of Dorchester, 

LETTER FROM HENRY HOOPER TO THE 
GOVERNOR. 

Dorchester County, May 15, 1781. 
Since the suspension ordered by Your Excellency and 
Council, of the draft of the militia in this county expired, 
I have made a draft in each class, being twenty-eight in num- 
ber, that have not furnished a recruit. This measure is 
thought illegal by some here, as not being made agreeable 
to the Act. I should therefore be glad of having Your 



230 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Excellency's orders thereon. I received the Act of Assem- 
bly, with your orders thereon, for depopulating the Islands, 
which I apprehend cannot now be put in execution from the 
number of enemy's barges constantly cruising there, without 
the assistance of some armed vessels to cooperate with the 
militia. We have lately received information that the enemy 
are heaving up breastworks and fortifying one of the islands 
in Holland's Straits for the protection of the inhabitants on 
those islands. On Sunday night last two of the enemy's 
barges came about two miles up Transquaking River, took 
ofif some stock, then retreated down the river yesterday 
morning before the militia could overtake them. Several 
dwelling houses in this county have lately been burnt and the 
property of the inhabitants carried off by the enemy, and 
what greatly adds to our misfortune is that we have not a 
single gun to put on board a boat to take or drive them off 
from our coast. 

I have the honor to be, sir, 

Your most obed' h'ble serv't, 

Henry Hooper, 



CHAPTER XXVII. 

CORNWALLIS ENTERS CHESAPEAKE BAY AND INVADES BOTH SHORES — GREAT 
DEMAND FOR VOLUNTEERS, ARMY SUPPLIES AND TRANSPORTS FOR WASH- 
INGTON'S AND Lafayette's soldiers — beef cattle required from 

DORCHESTER COUNTY — APPEAL TO GOVERNOR LEE FOR ARMS — GEN. 
HENRY HOOPER SENDS THE COUNTy's QUOTA OF TROOPS TO THE ARMY — 
BARGES BUILT FOR DEFENCE AND PROTECTION OF COMMERCE ON CHESA- 
PEAKE BAY— MORE TROOPS REQUIRED AND RECRUITED FOR THE ARMY — 
TWO COMPANIES OF SELECT MILITIA ORGANIZED — CLOSING YEAR OF THE 
WAR. 

ARMY SUPPLIES COLLECTED. 

In the spring of 1781, when Lord Cornwallis had invaded 
Northeast Virginia by entering the Chesapeake Bay, the 
people on both "Shores" were greatly alarmed, and urgent 
demands for volunteers and army supplies were made to 
defend the State and aid Washington and Lafayette's soldiers 
with food and transportation. Dorchester was to furnish 
400 head of cattle for the army, either to be bought or seized 
by authority of an Act for procuring supplies, passed June, 
1780. Other counties were required to furnish cattle in Hke 
proportions, and also pork and flour. At the same time 
warrants were issued to Quartermaster-Gen. James Sulivane, 
of Dorchester County, and other quartermaster-generals, giv- 
ing them authority tO' impress all vessels suitable for trans- 
porting troops or military stores, with their crews, that could 
be found in the rivers or harbors of the Chesapeake Bay; tO' 
be sent immediately to the head of Elk River, and be held 
under orders from Donaldson Yeats, Deputy Quartermaster- 
General, to be used to convey Washington's Army tO' Vir- 
ginia by way of Chesapeake Bay. 



232 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

PATRIOTIC DORCHESTER. 

{Scharfs History.) 

From the beginning of the war the inhabitants of the East- 
ern Shore felt the greatest distress for the want of arms. The 
State suppHed, from time to time, the arms needed for the 
miHtia when called into service; but the supply was so small 
that when the militia joined the main army the people at 
home were left without arms. Under these circumstances, 
Robert Goldsborough and Gustavus Scott, of Dorchester 
County, on the sixteenth of January, 1781, addressed the fol- 
lowing appeal to Governor Lee: 

"In the present alarming situation of our affairs we should 
be wanting in attention to the inhabitants of this town and 
county if we did not apply in the most earnest manner to 
your Excellency to supply us with the rr:,.,.,, ,. ,., , .. .; 
ourselves from an enemy so !a<"Hv -nd so frequently almost 
at our doors; a particular p le State when invaded 

has the right to expect assi nam the :- 

parts of it; local circumstanc ■. ^nder it diincuit for the in- 
habitants of this Shore, exposed as they are to the utmost 
calamities of war and piracies, to expect assistance from our 
more powerful neighbors of the Western Shore. The greater 
then, unquestionable, is the need that we should have t^ 
means of defence in our own hands. 

"We cannot but hope it is a fact, not within your Exc^ 
lency's knowledge, that out of 1700 effective men in this 
county, not more than 150 of the number can be armed; not 
a single field-piece, nor ammunition sufificient for our number 
of arms. This State has no county in it which has mani- 
fested a more uniform and earnest zeal in the present just 
and necessary opposition than Dorset; but invasion without 
the power of resistance, howexer strong the inclination, will 
and really has sapped the Whigism of our common people; 
few even of the vulgar are so ignorant as not to know that 
allegiance and protection are reciprocal; they have fre- 



APPEAL TO GOVERNOR LEE 233 

quently, in the course of the summer, been at the mercy of 
a cruel enemy without any other weapons to defend them- 
selves but those that nature gave them. When the enemy 
landed at Vienna (a town not twenty miles distant from this 
place) with two barges and thirty men, there were not a 
dozen effective arms in the town. 

"The Lieutenant of the County will inform your Excellency 
of the number of arms and the quantity of ammunition 
necessary for his militia. We flatter ourselves your Excel- 
lency will use every means in your power to supply our 
militia with 500 effective muskets, 2 field pieces, and pow- 
der and ball sufficient for that number of arms. * * * 
Provisions of no kind can be bought here on the credit of the 
State, and the Commissary has not one shilling of public 
money in his hands. * * *" 

As required by Act of Congress in May, 1781, to raise 
two battalions of militia for reinforcing the Continental Army 
with 1345 men. Gen. Henry Hooper sends the quota from 
Dorchester. He writes : 



Dorchester County, June 28, 1781. 
Sir: 

I have sent fourteen drafted mihtia men under the 
care of Lieut. Hugh Maguire, procured under late Act of 
Assembly, to serve in the Continental Army until the loth 
day of Dec. next. * * * several of them have been water- 
men and seem very desirous to serve on board of some of our 
barges, particularly Peter Harrington, Job Hubbert, Roger 
Tregoe and Anthony Tall, Jr. 

I have desired Mr. Maguire to apply to your Board to 
satisfy him for transporting the drafted men to Annapolis. 

I have the honor to be 
Sir, yr very hble servt. 

Henry Hooper. 
Dorchester County, in Council. 
His Excellency, the Governor. 



234 HISTORY 01- DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Names of drafted militia: 

John Wheeler, Wm. Proctor, Jr., 

Nehemiah Lingard, Nathan Busick, 

John Dicks, Anthony Tall, 

Samuel Hurst, Roger" Tregoe, 

Levin Thomas, Peter Harrington, 

Ezekiel Whitcoks, John Booth, 

Job Hubbert, Wm. Dickenson. 

At this same session, an Act lor defence of the Bay was 
also passed, that authorized the building of not over eight 
barges, to be manned and fitted. 

On the barge "Fearnought" was part of a crew from Dor- 
chester County, viz: Captain, Levin Spedden; Nehemiah 
Beckwith, John Thomas, David Davis, James Frazier, Wm. 
Frazier, John Thomas, Jun., John Wheeler, William Millby, 
William Navy, John Frazier. 

Each man who volunteered to serve on the barges were 
paid £3 bounty and £3 per month. 

(See Md. Archives^ 

BARGE FLOTILLA ON CHESAPEAKE BAY. 

Extract from the journal of Commodore Grason, on a 
cruise in the Chesapeake, begun in July, 1781, in command 
of the barges "Revenge," "Terrible" and "Intrepid." 

"Monday, 29, at 6, took two small schooners that had been> 
taken by the enemy, one of which had a negro and a white 
man on board; the other was ran on shore on Barn Island, 
and the hands sent over the Bay by one Job Wilson or 
Williams; he carried on a Salt Works on the Island, which 
we broke up and took his potts away for assisting the 
enemy. * * *" 

Much more interesting matter is recorded in the journal, 
but not relating to Dorchester County. 

As the ravages of war depleted the ranks of the American 
Army, frequent demands for new recruits were made by the 
General Assembly. 



THE UPPER AND LOWER BATTALIONS 



235 



Towards raising two battalions for the State, in July, 1781, 
the following named recruits were enrolled in Dorchester 
County : 



Upper Battalion. 



William Harrington, 
Aaron Perry, 
John Huffington, 
Foster Hooper, 
William Pritchett, 
John Willen, 
John Stinnett, 
John Matkins, 
Thomas Smith, 
David Murray Stewart 
Philemon Timmons, 
John Brily, 
John Greenwood, 
James Taylor, 
Andrew Bramble, 
Joseph Ross, 



Levin Collins, 
Moses Morelake, 
Elisha Stack, 
Andrew Kerwen, 
David Foxwell, 
Wm. Valient, 
Elijah Lyons, 
Potter Shehee, 
Geo. Buly, 

, David Medess, 

Salady Standly, 
Frederick Johnson, 
John Dean, 
John Hambleton, 
John White, 
Amos Griffith, 

William Covey. 



Lower Battalion. 



John Dobson, 
Robert Burress, 
James Driver, 
Abel Garner, 
Aaron Vinson, 
Mathew Harvey, 
Jacob Tucker, 
Richard Harrington, 
Levin Harrington, 
George Williams, 
Godfrey Sullener, 
William Harper, 
Richard Hayes, 



William Roberts, 
Henry Harper, 
Timothy Langrall, 
Aaron Mitchell, 
Absolom Goostree, 
Robert Meekins, 
John Matkins, 
David Jones, 
John Willis, 
William Proctor, 
David Davis, 
Levin Ross, 
John Stevens, 



236 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



Lower Battalion — Continued. 
Thomas Morgan, James Busick, 

Benjamin Fletcher, Thomas Owens. 



Recruited for the Corps. 



Charles Sickle, 
David Blake, 
Levi Johnson, 
Charles Horner, 
Francis Insley, 



July 24, 1 78 1. 
(See Md. Archives.) 



Robert Johnson, 
"William Murphy, 
Joseph Insley, 
Levin McGraw, 
Adams Foxwell, 

John Goldsborough, 
Recruiting Officer. 



DORCHESTER MILITIA, SELECT COMPANIES 
DRAFTED. 

Dorchester County, Aug. 21, 1781. 

We have made up two companies of select Militia in this 
county, the inclosed are lists thereof. As they are principally 
draughted men and not entitled to choose their officers, I 
have undertaken to recommend the three first named in each 
list for commissioned officers; they were commissioned offi- 
cers in the MiHtia at large. Col. Dickinson's List of officers 
wanting with Upper Battalion is also inclosed that Commis- 
sions may be issued accordingly; you will be pleased to 
have said Commissions issued as soon as you can conveni- 
ently and send them forward as they are much wanting; also 
Commissions on Col. Jones' Hst lately lodged with your 
Board. 

As we have but a small Quantity of Arms in the county I 
must request your Excellency will be pleased to send by the 
Bearer hereof Ninety-six stand of Arms and Ammunition for 
the Select Militia, 

I have the Honor to be Sir 
His Excellency yr very h'ble Serv't 

The Governor in Council Henry Hooper. 



SELECT MILITIA 



237 



Upper Battalion — Select Militia. 

Anno 1 78 1. 

Bartholomew Ennalls, Jr., Captain, 
James McCollister, Lieutenant, 



John Miles, Ensign, 
Isaac Williams, 
Joseph Trippe, 
Luke WilHams, 
James Paul, 
Philemon Dickinson, 
Mathew Williams, 
Andrew McColhster, 
Richard Covey, 
Henry Windows, 
Samuel Higgins, 
Thomas Keys, 
Wilhs Scottoe, 
Peter Cook, 
George Turner, 
Samuel Shareman, 
Nehemiah Hubbert, 
John Dean, Jun. 
Charles Dickinson, 
Levin Thomas, 
Jeremiah Neach, 
Wallace Crawford, 
Thomas Delehay, 
James Hicks, 



John Hooper (of John), 
Thomas Canady, 
Thomas Ball, 
William Smith, 
Hooper Hurst, 
Henry Travers, 
George Robinson, 
William Phillips, Jun. 
Edward Riggin, 
Edward Jones, 
Thomas Arnett, 
William Dingle, 
Thomas Slaughter, 
John Sears, 
Robert Ingram, 
Hezekiah James, 
Joseph Croneen, 
Beacham Harper, 
Littleton Waller, 
John Elliott, Jun. 
Benjamine Shaw, 
Absalom Harding, 
William Robinson, 
James Withgott, 
Thomas Hamilton. 



Lower Battalion — Select Militia. 

Anno 1781. 

Charles Staplefort, Captain, 
Richard Tubman, Jr., Lieutenant. 

Charles Stewart, Ensign, Edward Woolen of John, 

Benjamine Valient or Nalient, James Gadd, 



238 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



Lower Battalion — Continued. 



Philemon LeCompte of Wm. 

Thomas Earle, 

Thomas Abbott, 

Benjamine Stevens, 

John Byrn, 

John Eccleston, 

Joseph Scott, 

Wilham Matkin, 

PhiHp Tall, 

Charles Thomas, 

Aaron Wallace, 

James Johnson, 

Ezekiel Keene, Jr. 

Ayres Busick, 

Thomas Cook, of Bain. 

John Barney, 

Robert Ramsey, 

Nehemiah Beckwith, 

William Ross of Thos, 

John Sharpless, 

Richard Pattison, Jr. 

James Travers, Jr. 

Philemon 



Nathan Staplefort, 
Edmund Colson, 
Thomas James, 
Elie Lane, 
John Busick, 
Edward Broadus, 
William Phillips, 
John Colson of Thomas, 
Elijah Pritchett, 
Henry Brannock, 
James Busick, 
Granthorn Earle, 
William Christopher, 
Robert Meekins, 
David Mills, 
Reubin Ross, 
John Warren, 
William Navey, 
Standley Byus, 
John Marshall, 
John Childerstone, 
William Soward, 
Simmons. 



HORSES SUPPLIED THE ARMY FROM DOR- 
CHESTER COUNTY. 

In Council, Annapolis, 

29, Septr. 1781. 

Sir: 

We request you to send all the horses you have collected 

and not delivered, immediately to this place and have them 

dehvered to John Bullen, Esq. You will give particular 

direction to have the horses well taken care of on the road. 

We are Sir yr. ob't Servt. 

^ „ ,,. TT Thos. H. Lee. 

io Doctor Wm. Hooper, 

Collector of horses Dorset Countv. 



CLOSING YEAR OF THE REVOLUTION 239 

CLOSING YEAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 

In the campaign of 1781, Maryland was taxed to the 
utmost for all resources needful in war to confront the invad- 
ing foe and sustain the Continental Army in its movements 
against Lord Cornwallis. Dorchester County, well supplied 
with grain and live stock tO' feed the army, and sail vessels 
for its transportation, made heroic sacrifices in the line of 
duty to assist in winning the final victory at Yorktown, that 
brought the War for Independence to a successful close. 

FLOTILLA OF BARGES RENDEZVOUSED AT 

CHURCH CREEK, MD., BY ORDER OF 

EASTERN SHORE COMMITTEE. 

In Special Council, 
Talbot Court house, October 4, 1781. 
Ordered that Commodore Grason do cary or cause to be 
carried the barges "Revenge," "Terrible," and "Intrepid" to 
Church Creek, and deliver them together with their oars. 
Sails, Rigging and everything belonging to them with an 
inventory thereof, to Mr. Robert Richardson, there, who is 
requested to receive and take particular care of everything 
put into his hands, for which he shall be allowed a reasonable 
account. 

Why were the armed barges laid up before the surrender 
of Cornwallis' army and fleet of British vessels at Yorktown? 

Had prophecy foretold the Council of Safety what the 
results at Yorktown would be? 



Country Products and Resources. 

CHAPTER XXVIII. 

TOBACCO — STATE OF TRADE — LUMBER — SHIPBUILDING — FARMING — INCREASED 
FACILITIES — MANUFACTURING — OYSTERING — FISHING — TERRAPINS — 
WILD FOWLS — FUR TRADE. 

The first crop cultivated for sale by the early settlers in 
Dorchester County was tobacco. It was at first raised in 
small quantities and until ports of entry were established on 
the Eastern Shore, was carried to Patuxent, there tO' be 
exported mostly to England. It was the chief medium of 
exchange for merchandise, for the use of the colonists in the 
county. Larger crops were annually raised for sale or export 
up to the beginning of the Revolution of 1776, and brought 
wealth and luxury for those days to the planters. But when 
the war came and trade with England was suspended, this 
paying crop was abandoned for corn, wheat, rye and live 
stock for home consumption and army supplies. These sta- 
ple crops were thereafter grown until the close of the Civil 
War in 1865, when changed conditions in agriculture largely 
retired grain crops on the Eastern Shore for others appar- 
ently more profitable. 

Most branches of business in the county have greatly in- 
creased, some two and threefold, within the last fifty years. 
Only a few industries have declined and in most cases have 
been supplanted by others more profitable. Business enter- 
prise has increased in more rapid proportion than the popula- 
tion, at present about 28,000, a fact which speaks well of the 
perseverance and active energy displayed by the inhabitants. 

Lumbering and shipbuilding, so extensively carried on for 
more than 150 years is an industry of the county that has 
suffered the greatest decline. Vast tracts of oak and pine 



FARMING 241 

timber, once so plentiful and cheap, are now almost ex- 
hausted. As early as 1735, vessel building was active on both 
the Choptank and Nanticoke Rivers. To name some of the 
vessels and owners who built that year may not be a thrilling 
event, but a historical fact, nevertheless. (See record of 
vessels, Md, Archives) : "Register granted to William Ed- 
mondson, of Maryland, merchant, being of the people called 
Quakers, for the Schooner 'Charming Betty' of Maryland, 
John Coward, Master; square sterned vessel. Burthen ab't 
thirty Tons, built at Choptank River, in the year 1735, by 
Henry Trippe, John Anderson, and the said William Ed- 
mondson owners thereof." 

June 25, 1735, "Register granted in common form unto 
Adam Muir of Maryland, Merchant, for the Brigantine, 'Sea 
Nymph,' of Maryland, Law, Draper, Master, Burthen about 
fifty tons, square sterned, built in Dorchester County, in the 
year 1735, for the said Adam Muir, owner thereof." 

October 22, 1739, a register was granted to "James Bill- 
ings, merchant, for the ship 'Rider,' about 80 tons, burthen 
built at Nanticoke River, in 1738. James Billings, Master 
and owner." 

Since 1738 many Bay and seacoasting vessels have been 
built on all the navigable rivers within and bounding the 
county, and hundreds of cargoes of ship timber have been 
sent to Baltimore and Eastern cities of the United States for 
shipbuilding. A much greater bulk of building lumber for 
general purposes has been shipped out of the county. Forty 
years ago shipbuilding was a prosperous enterprise at Cam- 
bridge, Church Creek, Loomtown, Taylor's Island and on 
the Nanticoke and Northwest Fork Rivers. Now only at 
two places in the county are vessels extensively built — 
Brooks' Yard, near Madison, and Linthicum's, at Church 
Creek. 

FARMING. 

Farming has made favorable progress through the adop- 
tion of improved methods and the substitution of fruit and 
vegetable crops in the place of larger grain crops formerly 

16 



242 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

raised. Changed conditions elsewhere, the rapid growth of 
large manufacturing and commercial cities in and near Mary- 
land, and the phenomenal production of very large grain 
crops in the "West," required a change in the farming sys- 
tem here, thoug'h large crops of wheat, corn, hay and live- 
stock, sheep, cattle, horses, hogs and poultry have been and 
still are extensively raised. 

Wherever progressive energy leads to greater development 
that requires better facilities for successful advancement, 
genius skillfully invents methods to meet the exigencies. 

The fine navigable rivers of Dorchester County, Nature's 
outlets for its products, were not sufficient to meet the farm- 
ing demands as larger areas of interior lands were improved 
and put under cultivation, hence twO' railroads have been 
built across the county, intersecting each other at right 
angles that offer greater facilities for rapid transit traffic, so 
that farmers have been induced to raise large crops of 
orchard and garden fruits and vegetables on thousands of 
acres, annually cultivated, that yield fair returns for the 
reward of labor. 

A vast area of fertile but neglected land in the southern 
section of the county only awaits railroad advantages for 
active and paying development. 

MANUFACTURING. 

Manufacturing has always been and still is limited by the 
absence of good water-power and convenient coal supply. 
However, there are about twenty water-mills in active opera- 
tion for the manufacture of flour, meal, hominy and lumber, 
and fifteen steam mills for like uses in the county. 

OYSTER, FISH AND CRAB INDUSTRY. 

Next to agriculture, in importance for resourceful employ- 
ment and for the support of a large number of people living 
within and out of the county, is the oyster industry. Before 
1830 the commercial value of oysters was very low, ranging 
from ten to twenty-five cents a bushel. No regular city mar- 



m 





■ r 11 |\\ Vj 




THE OYSTER INDUSTRY 243 

kets had then been estabHshed for buying,, shucking and 
shipping them to distant points. In 1836, when C. S. Maltby 
began shucking oysters in Baltimore and shipping them by 
relays of wagon teams as far as Pittsburg, in Pennsylvania, 
oystering as a business was begun in Dorchester County. 
Oyster buyers in boats first came to^ Fishing Bay and other 
places in the county from Annamessick and established a 
market for tonged oysters. There was no law to regulate 
catching oysters then, which were caught and sold at any 
time and all seasons whenever in demand. The first buyer, 
with his vessel, from Dorchester County, was Capt. Levin 
Insley, who began the business in 1840. In a few years the 
trade became so profitable that oyster dredging was legalized 
in Somerset County. Soon thereafter the Somerset dredgers 
began to invade the water of Dorchester in fleets of boats and 
dredge wdiere oysters were more plentiful than in their own 
county. To prevent this wholesale robbing of the oyster 
beds, the Legislature passed an Act authorizing the Sherifif 
and other of^cers of the county to* arrest any non-resident 
dredgers found dredging within the limits of Dorchester 
County. To enforce this law it required the aid of private 
citizens, who were summoned and sometimes armed tO' assist 
in driving away these daring oystermen. During efi^orts 
made to capture some of them that they might be made to 
sufi^er the penalty of the law, they resisted so forcibly that 
firearms were used upon them, and occasionally some Somer- 
set dredger was shot. In these conflicts one or two persons 
from Deal's Island were killed. This warfare kept up a very 
bitter feeling in the Somerset people against Dorchester 
oystermen, which has never entirely subsided but has been at 
times revived by subsecjuent fights, in which some have been 
wounded and a man killed in later years. 

In 1861 violations of the oyster law became so flagrant that 
the Sherifif of Dorchester County was obliged to forcibly em- 
ploy the Steamers "Pioneer" and "Cecil," at great cost, and 
also the Schooners "Taylor's Island" and "Past Grand," 
"Albert Thomas," and "Regulator," with Capt. James 



244 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Langrall, all of which were armed and equipped to guard 
the great oyster beds in the county from invasion by dar- 
ing dredgers from Somerset County, Baltimore City, Phila- 
delphia and New Jersey. 

In this period of local protection under county control, 
William Fallin, a civil officer in Straits, was a bold and 
fearless leader who probably did more effective work than 
any other man in the county towards protecting the oyster 
beds from ruinous depletion by desperate invaders. 

After the State established police protection in 1870, first 
under command of Capt. Hunter Davidson and other suc- 
ceeding officers, several oystermen have been shot who 
resisted or fled from arrest. Owing to the conflicting inter- 
ests that originated from the different ways allowed for catch- 
ing oysters, the time when to be caught and where to be 
sold, the laws have been frequently changed for proposed im- 
provements but have failed to benefit people and State as 
desired, and it is still an undetermined and vexed question as 
to the best way to perpetuate and improve this valuable indus- 
try. And while there has been a great diversity of interests 
and dissensions among the different classes of oystermen in 
the county, and annual prosecutions for violations of the oys- 
ter laws for the past thirty years, yet there has been derived 
from license fees and fines a handsome revenue appropriated 
for public school uses, that has averaged about twenty per 
cent, of the county school fund annually, a grand aggregate 
of $100,000 at least since 1870 for public school education. 

Crabbing is a summer business, in which oystermen and 
fishermen engage, catching hard and soft crabs with some 
profit. Most of the crabs are shipped alive to the city mar- 
kets. Canning crab meat has not been profitably and per- 
manently established in the county. Its future is more 
promising. 

FISH. 

In the county waters a variety of fish, millions in numbers, 
make either a permanent or temporary home for propagation 
and existence; they are principally caught during spring, 



TERRAPIN — WILD FOWL — FUR TRADE 245 

summer and fall, in hauling- and floating seines, hedge 
pounds, weirs, and with hook and line, the angler's sport, a 
practical privilege which every citizen has been freely allowed 
without restraint of law since the time when the first white 
man planted his home on the Eastern Shore. 

The business of trap fishing, chiefly for the migratory 
species — shad, herring, trout and other kinds, is often profit- 
able and afifords employment for hundreds of Dorchester cit- 
izens under regulations of law. The estimated value of fish, 
an uncultivated food product, fails to receive due considera- 
tion in point of value by consumers of such healthy and 
nutritious diet. 

TERRAPIN. 

The natural home of the diamond back terrapin in Chesa- 
peake Bay and tributaries includes the hundreds of salt water 
coves, creeks and inlets that indent the Bay and river coasts 
of Dorchester County. Where once they were so plentiful as 
to be neglected as a table delicacy, they are now so scarce 
that a terrapin supper is one of the most costly entertain- 
ments prepared to please epicurean tastes. 

Terrapin catching as a business is chiefly confined to the 
oystering and fishing classes. 

WILD FOWL. 

W^ary water birds of instant flight, migratory geese and 
ducks, that annually winter in Maryland waters, afford the 
finest shooting sport sought by gunners. No table luxuries 
surpass a feast on wild goose and canvasback duck. 

FUR TRADE. 

The fur-bearing animals in the county are of small species, 
chiefly the otter, mink, muskrat, opossum, rabbit, fox and 
raccoon. The muskrat skins trebly outnumber all the others 
combined that are taken by hunters and trappers. This 



246 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

traffic has been increasing, for the last thirty years, subject, 
however, to the variable prices of fur annually set in Euro- 
pean markets. The number of skins annually sold in the 
county is surprising. The sales from the winter's catch end- 
ing in March, 1902, were about 80,000, averaging twenty 
cents apiece, amounting to over $15,000 for Dorchester fur 
dealers and trappers. 

The shipment of muskrat meat and bull frogs to Baltimore 
market is no burlesque on the county's products and trade. 




4' 




'!# 



ox TEAM IN TOWN. 



War of 1812-1815. 
CHAPTER XXIX. 

The military records of the State of Maryland of the War 
of 1812 were removed from the Adjutant General's of^ce in 
Annapolis to the War Department at Washington during 
the administration of Governor Hicks, and are not now acces- 
sible for private citizens to collect historical data therefrom; 
therefore, the war history of local interest relating to Dor- 
chester County cannot be fully obtained. 

In this war with Great Britain, tragic scenes were broad on 
land and sea, extending from Canada to Louisiana, and from 
one side of the Atlantic to the other. 

The declaration of war was made by Congress, June 18, 
1812, though not unanimously; six Maryland representatives 
voted for war and three against it. In the Maryland House 
of Delegates, resolutions opposing an offensive war were 
adopted by a vote of forty-one for and twenty-one against. 
In the Senate a majority favored prosecuting the war with 
much vigor. 

While six thousand soldiers were Maryland's quota, twelve 
thousand volunteered. Without records for examination the 
volunteers from Dorchester County cannot be named. 

Not until the spring of 18 13, when the British blockaded 
Delaware and Chesapeake Bays and invaded the Chesa- 
peake from mouth to head with a great fleet of war ships and 
smaller armed vessels under Admiral Cockburn, did the 
people of Dorchester feel alarmed and realize the danger 
from such a large force of the enemy sO' strong and so near. 
While some towns and many farm houses along the Bay and 
tributaries were plundered and some burnt, Dorchester 
escaped serious ravages. Many people in the county who 
lived near the Bav and mouths of the rivers moved their 



248 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

live stock and personal property intO' the interior, and organ- 
ized themselves into squads of home guards for defence, and 
were ever ready to meet when called by the signal of alarm, 
which was firing a musket three times in close succession. 
Some time in August, 1814, a crew on a British barge entered 
Fox Creek, in Straits, landed and went to Gabriel McNa- 
mare's and took all of his meats and provisions from his 
smoke-house, one live hog, cut down some corn in his field 
and carried away one of his colored men, who, before he left, 
took his master's best hat and wore it away. One of the 
enemy's barges at another time went into Norman's Cove, 
and the crew burnt Capt. Timothy McNamare's vessel and 
went to Clement McNamara's, plundered his house and car- 
ried away his farm supply of provisions, and cut out and 
carried away a "piece" that was in the loom, partly woven. 

In 1814 a British tender and crew, commanded by Lieut. 
Phipps, entered Little Choptank River; as they went up the 
river, they landed at some farm houses and took supplies of 
provisions. When near Tobacco Stick, they set on fire a 
schooner and then started to return down the river but ran 
ashore on a shoal at the mouth of Parson's Creek, where they 
were temporarily detained. In the meantime, the men in the 
neighborhood had been apprised of their arrival in the river 
and hastily organized under command of Capt. Joseph 
Stewart at Tobacco' Stick, and started in pursuit of the 
enemy, put out the fire on the burning vessel, then went 
onward and attacked and captured the tender and her crew. 
The prisoners, Lieut. Phipps, crew of seventeen men and 
one colored woman, were taken to Tobacco Stick, kept there 
one night and the next day marched under guard to Cam- 
bridge, and from there sent to Easton. One small cannon 
and some small arms were captured on the barge. The old 
cannon was then named "Becca Phipps," after the first name 
of the colored woman prisoner and the last name of the 
Lieutenant in command. The old gun is still kept at Tay- 
lor's Island and Madison as a trophy of the naval battle and 
victory on the Little Choptank, fought and won by the 
county militia. 



REWARD FOR BRAVERY 249 

In 1816 and 1817 Congress well recognized the bravery and 
patriotism of Capt. Stewart and his volunteers by passing the 
following act : 

'*An Act authorizing the Payment of a Sum of Money to 
Joseph Stewart and others." 

Sec. I. "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- 
resentatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and is 
hereby authorized and required to pay to Joseph Stewart 
and his associates of Dorchester County, in the State of 
Maryland, or to their legal representatives, the sum of one 
thousand eight hundred dollars, out of any money in the 
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, which money is paid to 
them for their gallantry and good conduct in capturing, 
during the late war, a tender belonging to the 'Dauntless.' 
British Ship of War, and taking eighteen prisoners, to wit: 
one Heutenant, one midshipman, thirteen seamen, and three 
marines, and as a compensation for the prisoners so taken." 

Sec. 2. "And be it further enacted, That any claim 
which the United States may have to the said captured ves- 
sel and property shall be, and the same is hereby, released to 
the said captors." 

After the passage of this Act many more claimants than 
fighters claimed a share of the appropriation. The men who 
came out of the bushes after the battle was over arrived too 
late to participate in the fight. Hence it became necessary 
for Congress to pass a second Act and designate who were 
justly entitled to share in the award. 

The second Act, p assed in 18 17. states : "That the money 
authorized to be paid to Joseph Stewart and his associates 
of Dorchester County, in the State of Maryland, or to their 
legal representatives by an Act," approved in 1816, "shall be 
paid to the following persons, their legal representatives or 
agents, viz : The said Joseph Stewart, Moses Navy, John 
Bell, Moses Goeghegan, Mathias Travers,, Samuel.. Travers, 
Henry K. Travers, Hicks North, Thomas Tolly, Joseph 
Cator, John Willoby, James Hooper, Hugh Roberts, John 
Tolly, Moses Simmons, Robert Travers, John Simmons, 



250 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Edward Simmons, William Powers, William Geoghegan (of 
James), William Geoghegan (of Moses), Jeremiah Spicer, 
Travers Spicer, Jeremiah Travers, William Dove, Thomas 
Woolen, Samuel Edmonson, Henry Corder, Roger Tregoe, 
Thomas Arnold, Samuel Creighton, Jeremiah Creighton, 
Benjamin Keene. Thomas LeCompte, James LeCompte, 
Fountain LeCompte, Elijah Tall. Charles Woodland, Wil- 
liam Barnes, William M. Robinson, Joseph Saunders, and 
Daniel Wilson." 

Wm. G. LeCompte was a soldier in this war. 

BRITISH AT TOBACCO STICK. 

In 1814 a British crew on a tender or barge from one of 
their war vessels went into the harbor at Tobacco Stick and 
burnt Capt. Thomas Linthicum's vessel and some other 
vessels nearby. They carried Capt. Linthicum away and kept 
him a prisoner about Kent or Poplar Islands for several 
months. After his release, then half clad and barefooted, an 
object of pity from great privation while held a prisoner, he 
walked most of the way to his home in Dorchester County. 

The burning of these vessels and the capture of Capt. 
Linthicum at Tobacco Stick caused so much excitement 
there that the Home Guards constructed barracks on the 
lot near George Jones' wind mill at the upper end of the town 
and encamped there for weeks on constant guard antici- 
pating another attack from the British. 

The ladies of the town and neighborhood were so patriotic 
they prepared the food and did the cooking for the militia 
while encamped there. 

BRITISH THREATEN DORCHESTER, 
{Froftt American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.) 

August 5, 1812. 
From the Merchants Coffee House Book. 
By an open boat from Cambridge, which she left on Wed- 
nesday at 2 P. M., information is received of the light 
squadron of British being still off James' Point and mouth 



BRITISH THREATEN DORCHESTER 25 1 

of Choptank River; on Tuesday they captured 7 sail of craft 
in Choptank River with a barge and 10 or 15 men (the brig, 
in sight), 4 of which they burnt. They fired several shots at 
a vessel on the stocks, but did not land, i or 2 pieces of 
Artillery having been sent there from Cambridge. Two 
schooners, whose maneuvering has rendered them very 
suspicious, have been stretching from one to the other 
shore of the Bay for the last three days; one of them has been 
seen as high as Sandy Point. Last evening, they were hailed 
by some of the vessels bound down but gave no satisfactory 
answer. Ten or twelve vessels bound to Choptank put into 
Annapolis last evening, having spoke the vessels. 

LATEST. 

By another boat that left Choptank last night, we leani 
that the squadron got under way and stood down the Bay; 
late in the evening they were below James' Island. They 
took off a Mr. Jones, whose vessel had grounded in coming 
out of the Creek. He went on board for the purpose of 
having her restored, by ransom or otherwise, but they paid 
no attention to him, set her on fire and carried him oflf. The 
artillery from Cambridge did not reach the shore until they 
had sailed. 

During the war many such losses occurred that financially 
ruined the owners of vessels and other property. Captain 
Evans, who lived on Sandy Island, at the mouth of Nanticoke 
River, started out one dark night on his vessel with a cargo 
for Baltimore. When in Hooper's Straits the wind ceased 
to blow, and while there becalmed a crew on a British barge 
came in. Just before they reached the vessel. Captain Evans 
and his crew started in their small boat for the shore to 
avoid capture, but soon to see his vessel on fire, which was 
entirely consumed. 

The English methods of warfare then were to devastate 
by fire and plunder the property of those they dare not slay 
with the sword or thrust with the bayonet. 



252 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Capt. Nathaniel Applegarth's company of militia was at 
Royal Oak in Talbot County when the British attempted 
to capture that place. The large force of militia collected 
there checked the advance of the enemy and saved the little 
village. 

British barges several times entered the Nanticoke River 
and alarmed the people. Captain Craft's company was then 
called out in anticipation of an attack on several occasions. 

Below is given a partial list of officers who' served in the 
militia infantry regiments of Dorchester County during the 
War of 1812-1815. They were appointed by the Governor 
and Council of Maryland in August, 1812 : 

Levin Walter, Major; Wm. Jackson, Jr., Surgeon; Sam- 
uel Griffin, Surgeon's Mate, Eleventh Regiment, Dorchester 
County. 

John Willis, Lieutenant; Wm. Medford, Ensign, in Cap- 
tain Eccleston's Company, Eleventh Regiment. 

William Hayser, Captain; Samuel Briely, Jr., Lieutenant; 
Joseph Whiteley, Ensign, in A Company, Eleventh Regi- 
ment. 

Wm. B. Smith, Captain; John Lynch, Lieutenant; Gama- 
liel Banks, Ensign, in the same Regiment. 

Minos Adams, Captain; Solomon Davis, Lieutenant; 
Robert Medford, Ensign, in the same Regiment. 

John Rowens, Captain; Arthur Lowe, Lieutenant; David 
Andrew, Ensign, in A Company, Eleventh Regiment. 

Joseph Elliott, Lieutenant; Richard Pearcy, Ensign, in 
Captain Craft's Company, same Regiment. 
• Abraham Saunders, Lieutenant, in Captain Webbs' Com- 
pany, same Regiment. 

John Vinson, Ensign of Captain Mills' Company, same 
Regiment. 

Wm. Colston, Captain; Samuel Williams, Lieutenant, 
of A Company, Forty-eighth Regiment, in Dorchester 
County. 

The following is a brief list of a few volunteers who served 



LIST OF VOLUNTEERS 253 

either in active line of duty or in the County Mihtia during 
the War of 1812-1815 : 

Wm. G. LeCompte. 

Wm. Pasterfield. 

Wm. Windsor. 

Wilham Andrews, of Lakes District, "First Lieutenant 
in Forty-eighth Regiment (Jones), Md.," Dorchester County 
Militia. 

Nathaniel Applegarth, Captain of Dorchester County 
Militia Company. 

With no official records to examine, it is difficult to obtain 
the names of many of the soldiers of the War of 18 12 from 
family history. 



Education— Schools. 
CHAPTER XXX. 

In early days of the colony of Maryland, some of the chil- 
dren of the few wealthy settlers were sent to England to be 
educated; others were taught at home by indentured servant 
teachers, priests and rectors, while most of the poorer classes 
were neglected and grew up utterly illiterate. 

In 1723 an Act was passed for establishing a public school 
in each county, and a Board of Visitors was appointed in 
each county to execute this law. The School Board in Dor- 
chester was Rev. Thomas Howell, Col. Roger Woolford, 
Maj. Henry Ennalls, Capt. John Rider, Capt. Henry Hooper, 
Capt. John Hudson and Mr. Govert Lockerman. Teachers 
for these schools were required to be members of the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Church, pious (?) and capable of teaching 
well grammar, good writing and mathematics, for a salary 
of £20 a year, with free privileges of a dwelling house 
and firewood, and such food products as were raised on 
the land allotted for each public school. Though influ- 
ential men were in charge of educational matters, yet pro- 
gress was slow, shown by inquiry made by the Bishop of 
London, in 1724, when he addressed Rev. Thomas Howell, 
rector of Great Choptank Parish, as follows : "Have you. in 
your parish, any public school for the instruction of youth? 
If you have, is it endowed, and who is the master?" The 
rector's reply was : "There is in my parish one public school, 
endowed with £20 Sterling current money, which is about 
15 shillings Sterling yearly, for which the master is obliged 
to teach ten charity scholars. The master is Philep Albeck." 

To a similar inquiry from the Bishop, Rev. Thomas 
Thompson, rector of Dorchester Parish, replied : "I have no 



RUN AWAY MAN 255 

public school in my parish for the instruction of youth at 
present, nor any prospect of there being one." 

The first public free school in the province was King Wil- 
liam's School, built at Annapolis in 1701 ; the Act to establish 
it provided for seven visitors or trustees to be appointed from 
each county; those from Dorchester were Rev. Thomas 
Howell, rector of Great Choptank Parish, Col. Roger Wool- 
ford, Maj. Henry Ennalls, John Rider, Capt. Henry Hooper, 
Capt. John Hudson and Govert Lockerman. 

In 1753 the Council issued an order that schoolmasters 
must be licensed, and that teachers of all public and private 
schools must take the test oaths. Many Catholics refused 
to take the oaths and closed their schools. 

The following advertisements in the Maryland Gazette of 
February 17, 1774, show what class of people were employed 
in some places as school teachers : 

"To be Sold — A schoolmaster, an indentured servant that 
has got twO' years to serve. 

"N. B. — He is sold for no fault any more than we are done 
with him. He can learn book-keeping, and is an excellent 
good Scholar." 

"RUN AWAY MAN." 

Dorchester County, January 14, 1771. 

Ran away from the subscribers, a servant man, named 
William Henry Bawden, he is a slim made man about 24 
years of age and has followed the Occupation of a school 
master. Had on when he went away, a blue Coat, country 
made Jacket with Lappells, Snuff colored Velvet Breeches, 
and wears his own Hair which is black and straight : It is 
supposed he took a small bay Mare away with him, the Mare 
has two white Feet, and her mane hangs on the rising side; 
there was a good Saddle on the Mare, and a Pair of blue 
Housing Bands with Leather and Surcingle to the Saddle. 

Whoever takes up the Man and Mare, and secures them, 
so as the Owners shall get them again, shall have Five 



256 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Pounds paid them if taken out of the County, and if taken 
in the County, Satisfaction for their Trouble, Paid by the 
Subscribers. 

WiNLOCK RUSSUM, 

Jeremiah Carter. 

N. B. — The above Servant was born in England, he is a 
great talker and loves g'aming. 

The first public school law for the State was passed in 
1826. 

Funds were raised to support the schools by lottery grants. 
The first school fund raised by taxation was a tax laid on 
bank stock, of twenty cents on every $100 of stock. 

In 1864 Rev. Dr. Libertus Van Bokkelin framed a public 
school law for the State. Under this law, in 1865, he was 
appointed State Superintendent of Public Instruction. 

The Board of School Commissioners and Examiners first 
appointed in Dorchester County under this Act was Dr. E. 
F. Smithers, President; Travers Spicer. John E. Graham, 
John G. Robinson and Robert F. Thompson, Commissioners 
(Thompson, Secretary and Treasurer). There were then but 
forty-nine school-houses in the county and 1000 pupils 
enrolled and taught by twenty-nine male and sixteen female 
teachers. 

In 1867 this school law was repealed, and, under a new law, 
another Board of School Commissioners was appointed, viz: 
Dr. James L. Bryan, who was elected President. February 6, 
1867, Daniel J. Waddell, John G. Robinson, John E. Graham, 
Travers Spicer and Joseph E. Muse, Secretary and Treasurer. 

On April i, 1868, Dr. James L. Bryan was elected Secre- 
tary, Treasurer and Examiner of the Board, an of^ce to 
which he was successively reelected biannually, and which 
he held continuously until January 30, 1898, a period of 
almost thirty years. His collegiate education, military train- 
ing and service in the Mexican War eminently qualified him 
to organize and superintend the pubhc schools in the county, 
and to this great work he devoted his time and talents. He 



PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 257 

succeeded in more than doubling the number of schools and 
teachers and in raising, them to a plane of excellence equal to 
any others in the State. 

The Doctor's successor in the ofifice of Secretary, Treasurer 
and Examiner was Josiah L. Kerr, who well filled the posi- 
tion until August 7, 1900, when he was succeeded by W. P. 
Beckwith, the present incumbent, who is ably discharging 
his responsible duties. 

Much credit is due the members of the several school 
boards who have managed public school affairs and school 
finances in Dorchester for the last thirty-five years with gen- 
eral satisfaction to taxpayers and patrons. Many citizens 
to-day, who began within that period to assume the active 
duties that belong to mature life, highly appreciate the edu- 
cational advantages they had under the benevolent control 
of public school officials. 

In the Appendix are the names of the several Boards of 
School Commissioners of Dorchester County as far as obtain- 
able. 



17 



Federal and Confederate Soldiers from Dorchester County 
in Civil War, 1861-1865. 

CHAPTER XXXI. 

FEDERAL SOLDIERS. 

The great rebellion of the southern part of the United 
States that began in 1861, was not the outbreak of an op- 
pressed people under a tyrannical government — a cause that 
leads to justifiable revolutions — but, while in pO'Ssession of 
the legislative and judicial branc)lies of the government in 
control of its naval and military power, that section of the 
country voluntarily surrendered all its governmental juris- 
diction at Washington in the height of political excitement 
over the loss of the executive branch of the government. 
They claimed tO' be apprehensive of future interference of 
their property rights by the minority party then only in 
executive control, and decided to try to dissolve the Federal 
Union by the revolutionary method of secession. 

While Maryland was by common interests and location 
attached to the South, yet many of her people so- loyally 
loved their country they could not submit to its dissolution. 
Hence, many Marylanders entered the Federal Army as 
volunteers tO' defend and protect the "Union." 

The First Eastern Shore Regiment of Infantry, Maryland 
Volunteers, was organized at Cambridge, Md., in September, 
1861. James Wallace was elected Colonel. 

Of this regiment, Companies A, B and C were recruited 
in Dorchester County. Company A w^as mustered out of 
service August 16, 1862, by orders from the War Depart- 
ment, they having refused tO' leave the Eastern Shore tO' do 
military duty, in Virginia. 



CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS 259 

This regiment, including Companies D, E, F and G 
from Caroline County, Company H from Talbot County, 
Company I from Baltimore City, and Company K from 
Somerset County, were detailed for guard duty along the 
coast lines of the Eastern Shore of Virginia and Maryland 
to prevent blockade-runners from carrying ciointraband goods 
South. 

When General R. E. Lee invaded Maryland with his army, 
the First Eastern Shore Regiment asked to be sent to join 
the Army of the Potomac at the front. They were sent to Bal- 
timore, and from there marched with General Lockwood's 
Brigade to Gettysburg, which they reached on the morning 
of July 3, 1863. and immediately joined the Twelfth Army 
Corps on Gulp's Hill; went actively into battle and won a 
record of splendid service. With the Army of the Potomac, 
they pursued the retreating Confederates to the Potomac 
River, assisting in the capture of prisoners and munitions of 
war. 

xA.fter a brief duty on the upper Potomac, the First Eastern 
Shore Regiment was ordered back to the Eastern Shore, 
where it performed guard duty until its partial consolidation 
with the Eleventh Regiment of Infantry, Maryland Volun- 
teers, and final disc^iarge of others by the expiration of term 
of enlistment. (For Roster of Dorchester Companies, see 
Appendix.) 

CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS. 

In 1861 and 1862, after the outbreak of the Civil War, 
which divided piiblic opinion and sympathy on the great 
national questions of "States Rights" and negro slavery, a 
number of young men from Dorchester County of courage 
and with strong feelings for "Southern Rights," decided to 
gO' "South" and enter the Southern Army at the risk or 
sacrifice of their lives in defence of the principles they con- 
scientiously entertained. It is the purpose here to give some 
of their names and rank in the Confederate service, with 



26o HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

the sad fate or good fortune that each met as a soldier in 
whatever branch of the military or naval service they enlisted. 

Following is a list of only a small part of those who< went 
South during the Civil War from the county : 

George Lankford, Linkwood, Md., private. Company G, 
Second Maryland Infantry. 

McCready, private, Company F, Second Maryland 

Infantry. 

McCready, Vienna, Md., private. Company F, Second 

Maryland Infantry. 

J. P. Finstwait, Federalsburg, Md., private. Company G, 
Second Maryland Infantry. Wounded and died on battle- 
field, near Gulp's Hill, at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 

William Laird, Second Maryland Infantry. 

Winder Laird, Adjutant, Second Maryland Infantry, 
Killed in Battle on Weldon Railroad. 

George Manning, Drawbridge, Md., Sergeant, Company 
G, Second Maryland Infantry. Returned home after the 
close of the war. 

Willis V. Brannock, Church Creek, Md., Corporal, Com- 
pany A, Second Maryland Infantry. Returned home. 

William Brannock, Townpoint, Md., private, Company G, 
Second Maryland Infantry. 

Washington Vickers, East New Market, Md., private, 
Company G, Second Maryland Infantry. Returned home. 
Detailed to Life Saving Station. 

James L. Woolford, Milton, Md., private. Company G, 
Second Maryland Infantry. Returned home. 

George Twilley, Salem, Md., private. Company G, Second 
Maryland Infantry. Returned home. 

Benjamin Twilley, Hartford, Conn., private, Company G, 
Second Maryland Infantry. Returned home. 

William H. Bryan, Madison, Md., Company G, Second 
Maryland Infantry. Returned home. 

George A. Smith, Vienna, Md., private, Corporal, Sar- 



CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS 26I 

geant, Fourth Maryland Battery. Served throughout the 
war; returned home. 

John Green, Fourth Maryland Battery. 

Thomas Canfield, private, Fourth Maryland Battery. 
Died in service. 

John Tregoe, Madison, Md., private, Chesapeake Battery. 
Returned home. 

John Mowbray, Cambridge, Md., private, Chesapeake Bat- 
tery. Returned home. 

Frank Stewart. Battle Mountain, Nev., private, Chesa- 
peake Battery. Returned home. 

Daniel Lloyd, Cambridge, Md., private, Chesapeake Bat- 
tery. Returned home, 

Travers Davis, Taylor's Island, Md., private. Ninth Vir- 
ginia Cavalry. Returned home. 

Charles Tubman, Church Creek, Md., private. Artillery 
Service. Returned home. 

Samuel N. Breerwood, private. Returned home. 

Martin Tull, Dorchester County, private, Detailed Service. 
Returned home. 

F. C. Hackett, private. 

Luke Hackett, private, detailed to Commissary Depart- 
ment. Died in Chimborazo Hospital in 1863. 

Frank H. Jones, from Williamsburg, Md., went to Rich- 
mond, Va., in November, 1862. He volunteered in the Con- 
federate service, was wounded at Fredericksburg by a frag- 
ment of a shell in December, 1862, which kept him in a 
hospital several months. He then was detailed clerk in the 
Quartermaster's Department at Hanover C. H. In 1863 
he was sent to Richmond for telegraph duties, and was 
severely exposed in that line of volunteer service in numer- 
ous engagements, and along advanced picket lines. In 
1864 he reenlisted and recruited the Second Regiment of 
Alabama and Tennessee Border Rangers, of which he was 
elected Colonel and served until the close of the war in 
Gen. B. Hill's brigade. After the surrender of General Lee's 



262 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Army, Colonel Jones remained in the South until 1880 and 
then returned home to Dorchester County, Md. 

Dr. Thomas H. Williams, from Cambridge, Md., entered 
the Confederate service as Surgeon. For his excellent ser- 
vice and professional skill, he was promoted to Assistant Sur- 
geon-General of the C. S. A., where he served until the 
close of the War, when he returned to Cambridge to prac- 
tice his profession and where he also' engaged in the "drug" 
business. 

J. McKenney White left Cambridge early in July, 1861, 
with a party including Winder Laird, Lake Scleigh, William 
Laird, John Phillips, Elias Griswold and a large man they 
called "Jeff Davis," all of whom joined Wm. H. Murray's 
Company H, First Md. Reg't, except Griswold, who was 
appointed Provost Marshal of Richmond. This company 
had been mustered into service June 18 as one year volun- 
teers and not being liable for longer service, was mustered 
out of service at Staunton on June 18, 1862, after having 
been in numerous fights, first at Manassas, wdiere their Col- 
onel Arnold Elzey was promoted on the field. Kirby Smith's 
brigade, consisting of the ist Md., loth and 13th Va., and 
3d Tenn. of Joe Johnson's Army, broke the Federal Army 
lines by their charg-e in this fight. 

This regiment then went throiigh Stonewall Jackson's 
Valley Campaign, in which it bore a most conspicuous part. 
(See ofificial orders of Jackson and Ewell.) 

Mr. White was so severely wounded at Cross Keys, June 
8, 1862 (one oi the closing battles of the campaign), that 
he was disabled for active service in the field until the spring 
of 1864. During the time of his disability for active service 
he was an assistant and passport clerk to Major Griswold, 
Provost Marshal of Richmond. The trouble from his 
w^ounds so increased that he was transferred to- the Second 
Auditor's ofifice in the Confederate Treasury Department. 
While there, General Grant's Army crossed the Rapidan. 
Mr. White resigned his position and rejoined the Army as 
private with Murray's Company A, 2d Md. Infantry, and 
with this regfiment he remained until the close of the War. 



CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS 263 

He was again wounded in the charge of the 2d Md. Reg't 
at Cold Harbor, where that regiment won imperishable 
honors for heroic bravery. (See Lee's and Breckinridge's 
official reports.) Then he went through the arduous and 
trying campaign around Petersburg and was in the midst 
of the desperate fighting at the Weldon Railroad, Hatcher's 
Run, and at all points wherever the 2d Md. could be placed 
to confront the Federal Army. 

After the close of the War, Mr. White returned to Mary- 
land and is now one of Baltimore's prominent and prosper- 
ous business men. 

A. Hamilton Bayly. Cambridge, Md., entered the Confed- 
erate Army and joined Peyton's Battery, in which he was 
Sergeant. No details of service are given. He returned 
to Cambridge, where he now lives, actively engaged in 
business. 



Dorchester County from Another Point of View. 
CHAPTER XXXII. 

In the heart of the Eastern Shore lies fair Dorchesterland, 
an expanse of gentle undulations, in the upper section here 
and there crowned with diminutive hills and broad fields, in 
season full of white, gold and amber-colored grain, sweet- 
blossomed clover and varied orchards laden with ripe and 
luscious fruits, and intervening woodlands of stately oak and 
evergreen pine, that lend reflection to the attractive view of 
the receding plain; the low southlands that level and stretch 
away with the downward course of the county rivers as they 
go out to meet the Bay. On this charming landscape live a 
thrifty, happy, courteous and kind people, the descendants 
of a noble ancestry, chiefly English, with a slight sprinkling 
of Irish, Welsh and Scottish blood, a racial combination that 
has given the English some wit, tempered Irish impatience 
and modernized Welsh and Scottish irony. 

What our ancestry was heredity has largely made us, a 
typical people, whose lot in life has been so favorably cast in 
the midst of a peninsular garden, overflowing with Nature's 
bounties, graphically described by Calvin Dill Wilson in Lip- 
pincotfs Magazine of January, 1898. In part he says : "It is 
a famous region. Its local name is known to most of the 
intelHgent citizens of the United States. * * * j^- ^^s 
greatness of its own and has claims upon attention. Its 
situation is interesting; its population has a marked char- 
acter; its products are valuable and are in demand every- 
where in this land and in many places outside of America, 
and its fame great because of the sensations it provides for 
the palates of men. The Eastern Shore lies like an arm 
thrust up by the ocean between the Atlantic and the Chesa- 



A PENINSULAR GARDEN 265 

peake Bay; around it break the surge and thunder of the 
sea and ocean's breezes sweep perpetually over it. * * * 
It is a garden and an orchard. Nature seemed unkind when 
she strewed this sand upon clay without stones; but she 
repented, clothed it all in verdure, made it yield almost every 
fruit, vegetable and berry in profusion and of finest quality, 
filled even the swamps with cypress, cedar and pine, stored 
the streams with fishes, filled the waters along the coasts 
with shell fish, * * * gg^t flocks of birds into fields and 
woods, and flights of wild fowl upon all the waters." 



Historical Notes. 

CHAPTER XXXIII. 

DEMOLISHED CHAPEL. 

The chapel built in St. Mary — Whitechapel Parish — by- 
authority of an Act of Assembly, passed July 4, 1755, was 
used for church service until the Revolution in 1776, when it 
seems to have been abandoned by rector and vestry. After 
standing unused for many years, about 181 2, the neighbors 
decided to tear it down and divide the old material among 
themselves. Benjamin Nichols and Hj&nry ^Nichols, his 
brother, assisted in its demolition, and got some of the bricks 
for their share which are in the kitchen chimney on the farm 
now owned by Jasper Nicols, near Hynson. The lot where 
the chapel stood is in part an old graveyard, in which is a 
broken marble slab, on which is the memorial inscription of 
Thomas Haskins. The farmer's plow has not invaded all 
of this lot, which has been known for the last hundred years 
as the "Church Old-field." 

RELIEF OF POOR. 

In 1785 an Act was passed to provide for the building of 
alms and workhouses. The trustees of the poor at this time 
in Dorchester County were Henry Hooper, Robert Harri- 
son, Joseph Ennalls, Joseph Daffin, Nathaniel Manning, 
James Steele and Robert Griffith. The penalty for refusing 
to serve as trustee was ten pounds of current money. 

The poor were compelled to work if able. Those who 
received alms had to wear a badge of letters "P. D." cut from 
red or blue cloth upon the shoulders of the right sleeve. The 
penalty for disobeying this regulation was abridging or with- 



DATES OF LOCAL EVENTS 267 

drawing the usual allowance or a whipping of not more than 
ten lashes or hard labor for not more than twenty days. 

The people were unable to pay the taxes for the support 
of these buildings and, in 178S, the trustees were empowered 
tO' make use of all free school property for that purpose. In 
1793 a law was passed that poor dependent children, "under 
the ages of three years, should be put out in the neighbor- 
hood at the most favorable terms to be obtained to be nursed 
and supported." 

"HUE AND CRY." 

Dorchestei: County Justices, as in other counties of Mary- 
land in colonial days, were required to appoint constables for 
every hundred in the county once every year, who swore on 
taking office to "levy hue and cry," and cause refractory 
criminals to be taken. 

The hue and cry method of looking for criminals was a 
custom in remote Anglo-Saxon time, when all the popula- 
tion went to hunt the thief. 



DATES OF LOCAL EVENTS. 

Cambridge Academy was incorporated in 18 12. 

An Act authorizing a lottery to raise a sum of money for 
building a wharf at Cambridge was passed in 1809. 

In the year 1793 the Town Commissioners of Cambridge 
were authorized tO' establish and regulate a market there. 

An Act to open a public road from Federalsburg to 
Crotcher's Ferry was passed the same year. 

Wild deer living in the forests of Dorchester County in 
1799 were permitted to be killed by hunters from September 
5 to December 15 annually. A fine of $30 imposed on 
white men and thirty-nine lashes inflicted on slaves were the 
penalties for killing each deer during the exempt period. 

A public road was opened from Hunting Creek to Dover, 
in Talbot County, in 1765. 



268 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

A COINCIDENCE. 

In 1775 the Dorchester Delegates to the Convention or 
General Assembly at Annapolis were composed of Capt. 
Henry Travers, Col. Henry Hooper, and James Sulivane, 
Esqrs. The first was the great-grandfather of Samuel M. 
Travers. The second was the great-grandfather of Mrs. 
Mary E. Hooper, nee LeCompte, mother of Jeremiah P. 
Hooper. The third was the great-grandfather of Col. Clemr- 
ent Sulivane, who, with Capt. Samuel M. Travers, in later 
years represented Dorchester County in the Legislature of 
Maryland. 

POPULATION OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 
CENSUS OF 1900. 

Dorchester County, 27,962. District i, Fork, 1850; Dis- 
trict 2, East New Market, including East New Market town, 
2398; District 3, Vienna, 1522; District 4, Parsons Creek, 
946; District 5, Lakes, 1740; District 6, Hooper Island, 1298; 
District 7, Cambridge, including Cambridge town, 7346; Dis- 
trict 8, Neck, 1350; District 9, Church Creek, 1159; District 
10, Straits, 2120; District 11, Drawbridge, 1082; District 12, 
Williamsburg, 699; District 13, Bucktown; 1024; District 14, 
Linkwood, 1219; District 15, Hurlock, 1379; District 16, 
Madison, 830. 

The density of population averages 46 to the square mile. 
Only four other counties in the State, Calvert, Garrett, 
Charles and Worcester, have less than fifty to the square 
mile. 



DIVISION III. 

Family History, Genealogy and Biography. 

CHAPTER I. 

INTRODUCTORY. 

If this volume could contain sketches of all the leading 
families in Dorchester County, and printer's ink was free 
for publishing them, the author would cheerfully devote days 
and months to make honorable mention of the names of 
hundreds of excellent citizens whose social influence and 
business pursuits have largely developed the wealth and fame 
that belongs to the county. In the selections made for pub- 
Hcation, neither wealth, name nor fame has influenced the 
choice, but the jurist and statesman, politician and "divine," 
have been placed on the same plane with their constituents 
and people they served by permission, whose course of con- 
duct and vocations in life have built strong our institutions 
of State. 

While much has been duly said about soldiers and civil offi- 
cers that give them prominent reference in this history, yet 
they were only a small fraction of the good and great peo- 
ple of Dorchester County. The noblest heroes that the 
Creator ever made are the dutiful, toiling masses. To this 
class of our ancestry, fathers and mothers, sons and daugh- 
ters, of the industrial fields of manual labor, the county owes 
its true worth and financial greatness. Many of our grand 
and great-grandparents were born in humble homes, lived 
without honorable mention, labored without public notice 
or praise, died with an untold history, and now rest in long- 



2/0 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

ago-forgotten graves. To them we owe a great share of 
gratitude for our present surroundings and happiness. 



THE AIREY FAMILY. 

Rev. Thomas Airey was born at Kendal, Yorkshire, Eng- 
land, in 1701. He came to the Province of Maryland in 
1726, was inducted into the office of Priest of Great Chop- 
tank Parish, of Dorchester County, in 1728, by letter from 
the Lord Proprietary, Charles Calvert, Governor of Mary- 
land. 

Rev. Thomas Airey: was the second Rector of Christ 
Church, Cambridge. He married, first, Elizabeth Pitt. 
Children by the first wife were : 

1. Mary, who married Thomas Martin, of Talbot County 
in 1772. 

2. Elizabeth, married Geo. Gale, of Somerset County. 
Left issue. 

3. Sarah, married Capt. William Haskins, of Dorches- 
ter County, in 1759. Left issue. 

4. Frances, married Thos. Ennalls. 

5. Anne, no record. 

6. Joseph, no record. 

7. Leah, married Andrew Skinner Ennalls, son of Thomas 
and Ann Skinner, his wife. 

8. John, married Elizabeth Edmondson. 

9. Louisa, married Robert Gilmore, of Baltimore, Md. 
The second wife of Rev. Thomas Airey was Milcah, widow 

of John Gale, of Somerset County, and daughter of Henry 
Hill and his wife, Mary Denwood. 

The children of Rev. Thos. Airey and his second wife were : 

1. Thos. Hill Airey, married Mary Harris, of Queen 
Anne's County, daughter of Thomas Harris and his wife, 
who was a Miss Edmondson. 

2. Milcah, married, i, Robert Pitt, of Virginia; 2, Thos. 
Firmin Eccleston in 1782; 3, Thomas Martin, of Talbot 
County, in 1788, 



THE ANDERSONS COL. E. E. BRALY 2/1 

Robert and Milcah Pitt left one son, Samuel Wilson Pitt, 
who married Mary Scott in 1793. Their children were: 

1. Robins, no record. 

2. Charles, married Rosanna Colston. 

3. Matilda, married George Winthrop. 

4. Eliza, married Wm. Hooper. 

The children of Milcah Pitt, nee Airey, and Thos. Firmin 
Eccleston, were: 

1. Leah, married Covert Haskins. 

2. Thos. I. H., married Sarah Ennalls Hooper. 

The Airey family left many descendants, some of whom 
are still surviving in numerous family Hnes. Harry Gilmore 
of C. S. A. fame, descended from Louisa Airey. 

WILLL\M C. ANDERSON AND HIS ANCESTRY. 

The maternal grandfather of Wm. C. Anderson was Dr. 
Edward White, of Cambridge, Md. Curtis Anderson mar- 
ried Mary White, daughter of Dr. Edward White and Mary 

, his wife. They had one surviving son, Thos. W. 

Anderson, who was baptized a Methodist in infancy by 
Bishop Francis Asbury in 18 14. Thos. W. Anderson was, in 
early childhood, left an orphan, and was raised by Thomas 
White, son of Dr. Edward Wliite. He married Miss Eliza- 
beth K. Eccleston, daughter of James Eccleston. 

William C. Anderson, son of Thos. W. Anderson, and 
Elizabeth K. (EcclestO'n), his wife, now reside in Cambridge. 
He is clerk to the Board of County Commissioners, being 
appointed in October, 1894. 

COL. E. E. BRALY. 

Col. E. E. Braly, proprietor of Hotel Dixon, in Cam- 
bridge, Md., came from the Rigg's House in Washington, 
D. C, and opened a hotel in Cambridge in 1887. His afYa- 
ble manners and excellent management have attracted pub- 
lic patronage that has made his business both profitable and 
progressive. 



272 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

His qualifications and characteristics of the true type of 
a gentleman were inherited from an English-German ances- 
try. 

Up-to-date business men, like the Colonel, are making 
Cambridge a model city of modern conveniences. 

THE BROOKE FAMILY. 

{Genealogical Notes, Dr. Christopher Johnson.) 

Michael Brooke enters his demand for rights 24th June 
1654, for himself, his wife and two servants (Land Of^ce, 
Lib. ABH, fol. 380). 5th April, 1662, he enters rights for 
400 acres given him "by way of gift from the Governor and 
Council" for public service done (Land Office, Lib. 5, fol. 
59). He was Justice of Calvert County, 1655 (Md. Archives, 
X, 413), and 1658 (Lib. S, fol. 54). He was one of the 
Provincial Commissioners of Maryland, 1655-56 (Md. 
Archives, iii, 317, 320). He represented Calvert County in 
the General Assembly or House of Burgesses, 1657-1660 
(Md. Archives, i, 359, 382; Lib. S, fol. 26). loth February, 
1663-64, Francis Brooke, relict of Michael Brooke, of St. 
Leonard's Creek, Calvert County, was granted administra- 
tion in the estate of the said Michael (Lib. BB, fol. 190). 
His widow, Frances, subsequently married Henry Trippe, 
of Dorchester County, who, in 1665, demands, as her hus- 
band, the renewal of a warrant for land which had formerly 
issued to Michael Brooke (Land Office, Lib. 9, fol. 26). 
Michael Brooke and Frances, his wife, had issue; one son: 

I. Dr. John Brooke, of whom further. 

Dr. John Brooke, son of Michael and Frances, lived at 
first in Calvert County. 6th February, 1667, John Brooke, 
of Calvert County, Chirurgeon, heir apparent to Michael 
Brooke, deceased, acknowledges to have received of Henry 
Trippe full satisfaction for two-thirds of the estate of said 
Michael as per inventory (Lib. FF, fol. 553). He removed 



THE BROOKES 273 

later to Dorchester County, perhaps in consequence of his 
mother's second marriage, and there took prominent part 
in public affairs. He was Justice of Dorchester in 1671, 
1676, 1680 and 1689 (Lib. CD, fol. 431; Md. Archives, xiii, 
244; XV, 131, 326), and represented the county in the House 
of Burgesses, 1681-84. 1688 and 1692 (Md. Archives, vii, 
227, 341, 457; xiii, 20, 153, 253). 

Dr. John Brooke was twice married. His first wife, whom 
he married in Calvert County, was Katherine, widow of 
Robert Stevens. 14th April, 1669, a scire facias issued to 
the Sheriff of Calvert County, at the prosecution of Daniel 
Jenifer and Mary, his wife, executrix of William Smith, 
deceased, against John Brooke and Katherine, his wife, 
late Katherine Stevens, administratrix of Robert Stevens 
(Lib. CD, fol. 403). His second wife, who survived him, was 
named Judith. Dr. John Brooke and his second wife, Judith, 
both died in 1693. It is difiticult to determine from the 
wills what issue he had, but it is clear that he had, with other 
issue, two daughters, both by the first wife, viz : 

1. Anne Brooke, m^arried, i, Thomas Cooke; 2, John 
Stevens. 

2. Mary Brooke, married Joseph Ennalls. 

Anne Brooke, daughter of Dr. John and Katherine, his 
first wife, married, first, Thomas Cooke, of Dorchester 
County, who died in 1692-93. In his will, dated 25th Janu- 
ary, proved 7th March, 1692-93, he appoints his wife Anne 
his executrix and mentions four children, two sons and two 
daughters, viz : 

1. Babington Cooke. 

2. John Cooke. 

3. Anne Cooke. 

4. Mary Cooke. 

Before 1696, Mrs. Anne Cooke, widow of Thomas, mar- 
ried John Stevens, of Dorchester County. i6th May, 1696, 
came John Stevens and Anne, his wife, executrix of Thomas 
Cooke, late of Dorchester County, deceased, and exhibited 

18 



274 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

their account, etc. (Test. Proc. Lib. 24, fol. 162). By her 
second husband she had at least one daugnter : 

I. Sarah Stevens, married Thomas Woolford (see Stevens 
family). 

NOTES. 

The will of Dr. John Brooke is dated 24th January, 
1692-93, and was proved 21st March, 1692-93. Mentions 
testator's grandchild, Babington Cooke; grandchild, John 
Cooke; Joseph Ennalls, who married testator's daughter; 
granddaughter, Martha Lawrence, under 16 years of age; 
bequests to Daniel Sherwood, Edward Hambleton and Ralph 
Dawson, Junior. (Annapolis, Wills, Lib. 7, fol. 26.) 

Judith Brooke (widow of Dr. John), dated nth July, 
proved 7th December, 1693. Mentions the chief testatrix 
is now pregnant of; daughter-in-law (i. e., stepdaughter), Mrs. 
Anne Cooke; daughter-in-law, Mary Ennalls, and her eldest 
daughter, Mrs. Mary Sherwood; Anne Cooke, the younger, 
and Mary Cooke; John Cooke, son of Mrs. Anne Cooke; 
Martha Lawrence; testatrix's sister, Barbara Thorp; bequests 
to John Sands and John Jones, Margery Smith and her 
child, James Chambers; Katherine Clayland, under 16 years 
old; Richard Dawson; Andrew Booth; Mary Sherwood, the 
younger; Katherine Sherwood; Margaret Hambleton, wife 
of William Hambleton; Grace Hopkins, the elder; Mrs. Col- 
lins; Daniel Sherwood and Edward Hambleton; Richard 
Collins; beloved friend, Mr. Hugh Sherwood, the elder, of 
Talbot County, executor. (Annapolis, Wills, Lib. 7, folio 33.) 

7th May, 1723. John Stevens and Anne, his wife, and 
Babington Cooke, all of Dorchester County, to William 
Ennalls, of said county, tract of 50 acres called "The Adven- 
ture," in Dorchester County. Anne Stevens, daughter of 
John Brooke, late of Dorchester County, Chirurgeon, 
deceased, and wife of above-named John Stevens, deputes 
her friend, John Eccleston, to acknowledge this deed for 
her. (Dorchester Co. Rec, Lib. 8, old, fol. 57-58.) 



THE CARROLLS 

THE CARROLLS. 



275 




Brms ot Carroll, Cbiefs of Bl^, 
•ffjlng's County, Ifreland. 



The Maryland Carrolls have borne a prominent part for 
over two centuries in the social, professional and political 
development of the State. 

Among those who have been especially prominent may 
be mentioned Rev. John Carroll, first Roman Catholic Arch- 
bishop in this country; Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, a name 
preeminent in the history of the country; Charles Carroll, 
Barrister of Annapolis, whose brilliant articles are acknowl- 
edged to have been leading factors in molding public senti- 



276 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

ment in colonial times; Thomas King Carroll, one of the 
Legislative Governors of Maryland; John Lee Carroll, Gov- 
ernor at a later period; Anna Ella Carroll, "the unrecognized 
member of Lincoln's Cabinet," and Dr. Thomas King Car- 
roll, an eminent physician of the Eastern Shore. 

The Carrolls trace their ancestry in unbroken line to the 
Carroll who led the Elyans, A. D. 10 14. When some of 
the family emigrated from Ireland to this country, they 
settled first in Virginia, and came to Maryland about 1640, 
where they have lived for successive generations to the pres- 
ent day. 

It is only of the immediate ancestors of those living in 
Dorchester County that this history permits further mention. 
They first became identified with the country about 1840, 
when Gov. Thomas King Carroll removed there with his 
family from Kingston Hall, Somerset County, Md., the an- 
cestral home of this branch of the Carrolls. 

James Carroll, of St. Mary's County, Md., married 
Araminta Thompson in 1745. One of their sons. Col. Henry 
James Carroll married Elizabeth Barnes King, daughter 
and heiress of Thomas King, of Kingston Hall, Somerset 
County, Md., a member of a family as distinguished and hon- 
orable in Ireland as the Carrolls. They had twO' sons, 
Thomas King and Charles Cecilius. The latter lived at 
Kingston Hall until his education was completed, and after- 
wards studied law in Baltimore in the ofBce of the eminent 
lawyer, John V. F. McMahon, and was admitted to the bar 
there. He served several terms in the State Legislature, 
but soon after his marriage he removed to St. Louis, Mo., 
where the rest of his life was spent in the practice of his pro- 
fession. He married Annie Smith, of Snow Hill, Worcester 
County, Md., daughter of Isaac P. Smith, and who had three 
sisters and three brothers; Rosina married Dr. Gove Sauls- 
bury, Governor of Delaware; Margaret married Daniel M. 
Bates, Chief Justic^e of Delaware; Sarah Elizabeth married 
George H. Martin, of Philadelphia. 



THE CARROLLS 2.JJ 

Her brothers were Dr. A. Hamilton Smith and Edward 
S. Handy, and Isaac Smith Handy who had their names 
changed, to inherit property — all of Philadelphia. Charles 
Cecilius Carroll and Anne Smith had twO' sons and five 
daughters: Edward C. Carroll, of Vickburg, Miss.; Charles 
C. Carroll, of St. Louis, Mo.; Mrs. Nellie Carroll Taber, of 
Keoikuk, Iowa; Elizabeth and Anne, who died in St. Louis, 
and Margaret Handy Carroll, who married Dr. Thomas 
King Carroll, of Dorchester County, Md. 

Thomas King Carroll, Governor of Maryland in 1829, 
was born at Kingston Hall, Somerset County. He gradu- 
ated at Princeton with high honors at an early age. Re- 
turning to Maryland, he studied law in the office of Ephraim 
King Wilson, who. was named for Thomas King, and was 
the father of the late E. King Wilson, U. S. Senator from 
Maryland. After being admitted to the bar he was associ- 
ated in practiae with Robert Goodloe Harper, the son-in-law 
of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton. While in Baltimore he 
married Juliana Stevenson, daughter of Dr. Henry Steven- 
son, one of the leading physicians of the day, and especially 
noted for having introduced inoculation for smallpox, 
converting his private mansion on Parnassus Hill into^ a hos- 
pital to be used for that purpose. 

Upon the death of his father, Thomas King Carroll 
returned to Kingston Hall, living there until he removed 
to Dorchester County, in 1840. He was elected to the Leg- 
islature, attaining his majority only the day befor(e taking 
his seat, and was the youngest member ever elected to this 
Assembly. He was a gifted and cultured man, of unimpeach- 
able integrity and lofty character. He continued to serve in 
the Legislature until that body elected him Governor. It 
may be mentioned here that some member of each genera- 
tion of the Carrolls represented the people in the Assembly 
from the formation of the State Government to the Civil 
War. 

At the expiration of his term as Governor, Governor Car- 
roll retired to private life, the only office he afterwards held 



278 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

being Naval Officer of the Port of Baltimore. He died at his 
residence in Dorchester County, in October, 1873, and is 
buried in the cemetery of Old Trinity Church, where also his 
wife and five of his children are interred. 

Governor Carroll was the father of the following children, 
all of whom were born at Kingston Hall : Anna^Ella, Henry, 
James, Juliana. Thomas King married Margaret Handy 
Carroll; Henrietta Stevenson married Dr. John Chew Gib- 
son, of Talbot County; Ada married Dr. Wm. J. Bowdle, of 
Dorcjh ester County; Sallie married Thomas Cradock, of Bal- 
timore County. 

Anna Ella Carrodl was the most distinguished and brilliant 
woman Maryland ever produced, and during the Civil War 
gained a national reputation by her services to the govern- 
ment. Her sympathies were enlisted for the national cause, 
and she began a series of articles. that at once attracted the 
attention of Lincoln and the administration. As the author 
of the "Tennessee Campaign," she soon became famous. 
Though her claim toi this is incontestably established by doc- 
uments still on file in the Congressional Library in Washing- 
ton, and acknowledged by Lincoln himself and nearly all ol 
the leading men of the day, in private letters to her (now in 
the possession of a member of the Carroll family), she never 
received public rec] ignition. 

Secretary Stanton said of her: "Her course was the most 
remarkable in the war. She got no pay and did the great 
work that made others famous." Governor Hicks of Mary- 
land attributed largely tO' her influence his success in keeping 
the State in line. It is to- be hoped that future historians 
may some day accord to her the justice denied her in life. 
She died in Washington, D. C, where she had lived for some 
years, in Februa^)^ 1894. and her remains were brought to 
Dorchester County and interred beside those of her father 
and mother. 

Some of the letters, reports and documents concerning 
Miss Carroll's military services have been reproduced and 
compiled in her biography. 



THE CARROLLS 279 

No' history of Dorchester County would be complete with- 
out more than a passing mention of Dr. Thomas King Car- 
roll, who, as a man and as a physician, soi ably sustained the 
reputation of his distinguished ancestors. His influence was 
felt throughout the county both in public and private life. 
Probably no one man made an impress so imperishable, or 
cointributed so' largely, to the shaping of those events which 
have marked the advancement of the people in this county. 

Thomas King Carroll, son of Governor Thomas King Car- 
roll, and Juliana Stevenson, was born at Kingston Hall, Som- 
erset County, August 31, 1821. Graduating at Washington 
Academy, he began the study of medicine under Dr. Samuel 
Chew of Baltimore, and at once exhibited a peculiar talent 
and ability for the profession. Graduating in 1846 from the 
University of Maryland, he opened an office in Baltimore, 
where he practiced for a short time. Receiving a petition 
from the citizens of Dorchester County asking him toi settle 
there, he complied with their request and began the real 
work of his life, which he dedicated with heroic devotion to 
those among whoin and for whom he lived for over half a 
century. 

In adknowledgment of his services in this capacity, a 
beautiful moinument, "erected by the people" to his memory, 
was dedicated June 12, 1901, in the cemetery of Old Trinity 
Church — the only monument ever erected in the State to a 
private citizen, and probably the first one ever erected to a 
physician by the spontaneous offerings of his patients and 
friends. The memorial services, attended by a concourse of 
people from all parts of the comity and State, attested the 
love, honor and respect in which they held the memory of 
one whose loss to them was irreparable. 

Dr. Carroll was a man of versatile talents. A judge once 
said of him, after hearing his testimony in an important case: 
"That the law had lost a briUiant star which the medical pro- 
fession had gained." 

He possessed in a remarkable degree the power of mag- 
netism, attracting all with whom he came in contact, and 



28o HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

instinctively creating, that feeling- of faith and trust so essen- 
tial to the success ol a physician. In the memorial address 
was said of him: "The record of his half-century of prac^- 
tical \vork fulfilled the promise of his native talent and 
cultivated mind, and, looked over from the standpoint of 
modern science, justifies the reputation which he securely 
estabhshed as a successful and learned practitioner of the 
healing art. He added a generous heart to a well-stored 
mind, and the two, acting in perfect unison, made him] 
respected for his skill and beloved for his personal traits of 
character. * * * j^- ^vas a pleasure to know him; it 
ought to be an inspiration to remember him. His chief 
thought was to do his duty; his chief passion to relieve pain, 
to comfort and to cure." 

His was a nature thoroughly imbued with the high ideals 
and possibilities of a noble profession, and so well did he 
live up to them that wherever his name is known it stands 
for the purest type of a gentleman and ideal physician. 
Though it is as the physician that Dr. Carroll's name will be 
transmitted to posterity, he served the people none the less 
faithfully and advantageously when they entrusted their pub- 
lic interests to^ his keeping. He was three times elected to 
the State Legislature, twice toi the House of Delegates and 
once to the Senate, withdrawing his name as candidate for 
United States Senator to return tO' the practice of his pror- 
fession. During his terms in the Legislature he was an 
acknowledged leader, and instigated and carried through 
many bills of lasting benefit to the people of the county, and 
from which this, the third generation, is now profiting. Par- 
ticularly is this the case in regard to public education, as he 
framed and was instrumental in having passed the bill for 
the establishment of the first free schools in Maryland. 

After his term in the Senate expired, he never again held 
or sought public office, yet he exerted a marked influence in 
local affairs to- the year of his death, which occurred at his 
home, "Walnut Landing," January 9. 1900. He was a man, 
take him all in all; we shall not look upon his like again. 




CARROLL TOMBS, CHURCH CREEK. 



THE DENWOODS 28 1 

Dr. Carroll married in December, 1852, Miss Margaret 
Handy Carroll, of St. Louis, Mo., and had eight children: 
Thomas King, Charles Cecilius, Harry Stevenson, Margaret 
Handy, Victor C, Julia Stevenson, Vivian and Nellie Calvert. 

The coat-of-arms of Maryland and the State motto were 
adopted from those of the Calverts, who are connected by 
marriage with this branch of the Carrolls. 

THE DENWOOD FAMILY. 

{Genealogical Notes, Dr. Christopher Johnson.) 
Levin Denwood settled in Virginia before 1633 and was 
one of the Justices of Northampton County in 1654 and 
1657 (Northampton Co. Rec). A certificate was issued to 
him 23d March, 1640, for 550 acres due him for transporting 
himself, his wife and other persons (Northampton Co. Rec, 
Lib. I, fol. 162). In 1665 he was living in Accomac County 
(Lib. 1663-66, fol. 102) and probably died not long after. 
His daughter, Mary, married Roger Woolford, who settled 
in Somerset County, Md., and it was probably this connec- 
tion that determined the removal of the Denwood family 
from Virginia to Maryland. The following entries from the 
Land Office at Annapolis throw light upon their removal : 
loth July, 1665, Roger Woolford enters these rights. Levin 
and Sarah Denwood, John Wells, Martha Robinson, and 
Owen Mackara (Lib. 8, fol. 486). 13th February, 1667, 
Roger Woolford, of Somerset County, proved rights for 
transporting Mary, Thomas, Elizabeth and Rebecca Den- 
wood, Richard Prinum, Barbara Gilbert, Thos. Somers and 
Elizabeth Gradwell (Lib. 11, fol. 229; Lib. 12, fol. 359). 
17th November, 1670, Liveing Denwood, of Somerset 
County, proved his right to 50 acres for transporting his 
wife, Priscilla (Lib. 16, fol. 13). 13th June, 1671, Levin 
Denwood, of Somerset County, proved his right to 50 acres 
for transporting his son, Levin, out of Virginia into this pro- 
vince (Lib. 16, fol. 302). 

Levin Denwood and Mary, his wife, had issue : 
I. Arthur Denwood. 



282 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

2. Thomas Denwood. 

3. Levin Denwood, of whom further. 

4. Luke Denwood. 

5. Susanna Denwood, married Thos. Browne. 

6. Mary Denwood, married Roger Woolford (see Wool- 
ford family). 

7. Elizabeth Denwood, married, 4th July, 1669, Henry 
Hooper (see Hooper family). 

8. Rebecca Denwood, married, 15th November, 1679, 
Neh. Covington. 

9. Sarah Denwood, married Hicks. 

Levin Denwood, son of Levin and Mary, removed, as 
above stated, from Virginia and settled in Somerset County, 
Md. In his will, proved 9th May, 1724 (Annapolis, Wills, 
Lib. WD, No. I, fol. 507), he leaves to Martha and Mary 
Woolford, "the two daughters of my cousin (i. e., nephew) 
Levin Woolford," two parcels of land between Rock Creek 
and the Devil's Island Thoroughfare, "which my late brother- 
in-law Woolford and I purchased between us." By Priscilla, 
his wife, he had issue as follows : 

1. Levin Denwood, born 6th November, 1670. 

2. Arthur Denwood, died before 1723; married Esther 
, and left issue. 

3. EHzabeth Denwood, born 7th May, 1674; died, 1736; 
married George Gale and left issue. 

4. Mary Denwood, born 2d May, 1676; died, 9th Decem- 
ber, 1735; married, i6th November, 1697, Henry Hill, and 
left issue. 

THE DORSEY FAMILY. 

The Dorseys of Maryland, descend from the Lord Darcy, 
of Essex County, England, where they were made Earls of 
Holderness at the time that Norman Darcy went into Eng- 
land from France with William the Conqueror, bearing with 
him the same coat-of-arms and motto of his ancestors of the 
old French nobility back to the time of Charlemagne. 



THE DORSEYS 283 

As the immediate gift of the Conqueror, Norman Darcy 
received no less than thirty-three Lordships in the County of 
Lincolnshire alone while of his descendants, the Archaeo- 
logical Society of Essex County says, "One of the most 
ancient and opulent families in Essex was that of Darcy." 
The name of Osbert Darcy is mentioned in the Dooms Day 
Book as one of the King's Thanes, 1066. 

The name of "Darcy," which was so written by the early 
colonial settlers, soon became changed in form tO' Dorsey 
in this country. 

As early as 1662 the first of the Dorchester branch of the 
Dorsey family received as a deed of gift two hundred acres 
of land at the head of Fishing Creek, five miles below Cam- 
bridge. 

Within a few years the Dorsey possessions were increased 
until, in the year 167 1, they owned the several tracts adjoin- 
ing, aggregating one thousand acres, and including "Pres- 
ton," 500 acres; "Teverton," 300; "Ye Ending of Contro- 
versie," 200, and "Dorsey's Range," 50. In other parts of 
the county, their patents included "Dorsey's Chance," 200 
acres; "Barrell Green," 100; "Humphrey's Desire," 50; 
"Olive Branch," 50; "Southampton," 100; "Hayland," and 
others. 

In addition to these they were left a reversionary interest 
in "Horn's Point," 600 acres, as next of kin to the daughters 
of Richard Preston, Commander of the Patuxent and high 
colonial official. 

Like Edward Dorsey, progenitor of the Western Shore 
branch, the first of the Eastern Shore family settled in Cal- 
vert County, but soon took possession of the fertile lands 
which have descended in an unbroken line from father to son 
by the law of primogeniture and afterwards by will, through 
eight successive generations until the present day. 

As this family possesses the peculiar distinction of having 
only one son marry in each generation, there never has been 
from their first settlement but one family of the name in 



284 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Dorchester County, the owners and occupants of "Ye End- 
ing of Controversie." 

While never figuring conspicuously in politics, the Dor- 
seys have always been public spirited and have not failed to 
serve their country since the first of the line received a grant 
of land in Dorset for services rendered the colonial govern- 
ment in the early Indian Wars. That lack of inclination 
kept them out of official life is evident from the fact that 
their nearest kinsmen, both by blood and marriage, occupied 
posts of power in the provincial government. 

At the time, however, that the Dorseys of Anne Arundel 
County were figuring conspicuously in the public move- 
ments, the Dorchester men of that name were devoting their 
interests toward the cultivation of their acres and their brains 
father than seeking preferment away from home. 

That the Dorseys, of Dorchester, were early of decided 
literary tastes and pursuits we have reason to believe, for in 
the day when many a one could not write his own name we 
find Edward Dorsey selhng, among other personal efifects 
upon his departure from the county, two mahogany writing 
desks mentioned in a bill of sale in 1750. At this time he 
is believed to have removed toi Harford County, but not 
being the benedict of the family through whom the land 
descended, was lost sight of. 

In the year 1781, when the English in barges harassed the 
Eastern Shore of Maryland, the home guards were called 
on to defend Vienna. Where the British landed to maraud 
the town. Levin Dorsey responded and was killed during the 
fight there while attempting to repel the invaders. He would 
have been buried at Vienna had not his only son John, a 
boy of about fifteen years, begged his body of the English 
officer, who, touched by his appeal, granted the lad's request. 

His remains were conveyed in a wagon to Controversie, a 
distance of twenty miles, guarded by his young son and an 
old slave. 

The British grapeshot was extracted and retained by his 




HOME OF DR. DORSEY WYVILL, FOUNDER OF THE MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL FACULTY 
OF MARYLAND. 1799. CHURCH CREEK. 



THE DRAINS 285 

descendants to the present generation as a souvenior of the 
tragic event. 

When young John Dorsey grew to manhood he manu- 
mitted his slaves for conscience sake in the year 1790, which 
act is duly recorded at Cambridge. 

During the life of the next John Dorsey, bachelor and 
bon vivant, the old place became famous for the free and 
lavish hospitality of its host. 

Upon the death of his bachelor brother John, the late Mr. 
James L. Dorsey, of Baltimore, became owner of "Ye End- 
ing of Controversie." He, however, never lived there after 
his marriage to Miss Sarah A. Webster Richardson, daughter 
of the late Mr. Levin Richardson, of Elsing, near Church 
Creek. 

Mr. James L. Dorsey and wife lived in Baltimore from 
their marriage until their old age. All of their children 
being born and raised there. 

The children of this couple now Hving are Messrs. John R. 
Dorsey, Frank S. Dorsey and Charles H. Dorsey, of Balti- 
more; Miss Mary V. Dorsey and Miss Sallie Webster, of 
Elsing, Dorchester County; Mrs. John M. Willis, of Dor- 
chester County, and Mrs. Albert L. Richardson, of Balti- 
more. 

THE DRAIN FAMILY. 

William F. Drain. Cashier of the National Bank of Cam- 
bridge, Md., since 1880, was born in Princess Anne, Md., in 
1841. His parents were Rev. Shepherd Drain and Mary A. 
(Creighton) Drain. Shepherd Drain was born in Sussex 
County, Del, in 1806, married Miss Mary A. Creighton. 
daughter of Vernon Creighton, April 24, 1835, and died 
November 12, 1844, at Greensborough, Caroline County, 
Md., in the fourteenth year of his ministry as a member of 
the Philadelphia Methodist Episcopal Conference. His 
ministerial labors were chiefly on the Eastern Shore, in Dor- 
chester and other counties. He was junior pastor in Dor- 
chester County, with Rev. John Lenhart, and visited the 



286 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

islands of that section with Rev. Joshua Thomas, where many 
sought and found by faith the forgiveness of their sins under 
the spiritual teaching of those divines, then spreading Wes- 
leyan Methodism. 

The widow of Rev. Shepherd Drain died December 23, 
1878. 

The maternal grandfather of Wm. F. Drain was Vernon 
Creighton, who was among the first Methodists in Dorches- 
ter County. 

Wm. F. Drain married Miss Maria Louise Creighton, 
daughter of John R. Creighton, October 28, 1875. Louise 
B. Drain is their only child now living. 

THE ECCLESTON FAMILY. 

There were two brothers Eccleston in England, one of 
them inherited the family estate in Lancastershire and the 
other, either by marriage or through his mother, got an 
estate in Buckinghamshire. From one of these brothers 
descended Hugh Eccleston, who came to the Province of 
Maryland between 1645 and 1665. He took up land first 
on the Transquaking River, in Dorchester County, and after- 
wards some on the Blackwater River, in 1667. The Dor- 
chester County Rent Rolls show that Moses Mathews, who 
had "Daniel's Pasture," 100 acres, surveyed May 12, 1664, 
and also owned "Newton's Desire," left these tracts of land 
to John and Thomas Eccleston, sons of Hugh Eccleston; at 
the death of Hugh Eccleston, he left land to his son John, 
who married Mary Skinner, of Talbot County. 

The children of John Eccleston and Mary Skinner, his 
wife, were : 

1. Hugh, who married Elizabeth Ennalls. 

2. Thomas Firmin, who married Milcah Pitt, nee Airey, 
daughter of Rev. Thomas Airey and Milcah Gale, nee Hill, 
his wife. 

3. Dorthea, married Joseph Richardson. 

4. Rachel, remained single. 



THE ECCLESTONS 287 

John Eccleston was possessed of a large estate, which he 
divided between his two sons, Hugh and Thomas Firmin, 
giving Hugh the property on Transquaking and Thomas 
that on Blackwater, which is still in the family. 

The Ecclestons were prominent in public affairs, Hugh 
first was a major under the provincial government. It was 
through his family that the annual rent of an Indian bow 
and arrow was paid by the Indians to Queen Anne, of Eng- 
land. At the time of the Revolution of 1776, one of these 
bows and arrows was in possession of the Eccleston family. 

The children of Hugh Eccleston, the second, were: 

1. Elizabeth Ennalls, no record. 

2. Dr. John, married, i. Miss Gale, of Somerset County; 
2, Miss Sulivane, of East New Market. 

3. Margaret, died in youth. 

4. Sallie, died single. 

The children of Dr. John Eccleston were: 

1. Hugh, died a minor. 

2. James, married Henrietta Maria Martin, daughter of 
Judge Martin and his wife, a Miss Nichols. 

3. Elizabeth, married Thomas Anderson, of Cambridge. 
Children of Thomas Firmin Eccleston and Milcah Airey : 

1. Leah, married Covert Haskins in 1800; died September 
29, 1803. 

2. Thomas John Hugh, married Sarah Ennalls Hooper, 
May 16. 1806, daughter of Major John Hooper and Elizabeth 
Ennalls Scott, his wife. 

Covert Haskins was the son of William Haskins and Sarah 
Airey, born in 1769; died in 1829; was a descendant of 
Thomas Haskins, who married Mary Lockerman, grand- 
daughter of Covert Lockerman, who came from the town of 
Amsterdam, now New York, in 1679. 



CHILDREN OF THOS. I. H. ECCLESTON AND SARAH 
ENNALLS HOOPER. 



1. John Hooper, died in youth. 

2. Leah Emily, died, single, in 1889. 



288 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

3. Thomas Firmin, born in 1812; died in 1846; married 
Dorthea Keene in 1838. 

4. Elizabeth Anne, born in 1815; married John Leeds 
Nesbit Kerr. 

5. James Hooper, no record. 

6. Sarah Hooper, born October 26, 1822; died December 
31, 1894; married, in 1843, Edward John Stevens, son of 
Ex-Gov. Samuel Stevens, of "Compton," Talbot County. 

THE ENNALLS FAMILY. 

The first Ennalls to arrive in Maryland was Bartholomew, 
who came from York County, Va., where, about 1660, he 
married Mrs. Mary Heyward, widow of Francis Heyward, 
by whom she had two sons, Francis and John Heyward. 

In the Land Office Records at Annapolis, Md., date of 
March 10, 1669, Bartholomew Ennalls, of the County of 
Dorset, proves the right for transporting the following per- 
sons out of Virginia to inhabit in this Province, viz : Him- 
self, Mary (his wife), Thomas Ennalls, Bartholomew Ennalls, 
Mary Ennalls, Francis Heyward and John Heyward (his 
children), John Nichols, Wm. Ennalls, Wm. Sudlock and 
Susan Hyde (his servants). 

The first tracts of land laid out for Bartholomew Ennalls 
and his son Thomas was "Bartholomew's Range," 420 acres, 
surveyed July 10, 1672, in possession of Thos. Ennalls (see 
Rent Rolls). Previously he had purchased of John Edmond- 
son 2000 acres of land on the Transquaking River by deed, 
dated January 18, 1668, for a sloop and 1000 pounds of 
tobacco. 

In reference to the Heywards, there is in court a letter of 
record from Francis and John Heyward, of October 25, 1680, 
to Wm. Arnold, authorizing him to give possession of some 
land in Pocoson, York County, Va., to Francis Hey ward's 
father, Bartholomew Ennalls. 

In March, 1688, Bartholomew Ennalls died and mentioned 
in his will five sons and two daughters, namely : Thomas, 



THE ENNALLS 289 

William, Joseph, John and Henry, and daughter Elizabeth, 
who married Major Roger Woolford, and Mary, who mar- 
ried Joseph Foster. His sons Thomas and William died 
without leaving any descendants. Joseph, John and Henry 
left many sons and daughters; from them have descended 
branches of the Goldsboroughs, Hoopers, Bayards, Craigs, 
Sulivanes, Muses, Waggamans and many other prominent 
families of the country. 

In 1676 Bartholomew Ennalls was appointed Commis- 
sioner or County Justice in Dorchester, and was thereafter 
continually in office, either as Justice or Member of the 
Assembly, until his death in 1688. The popularity and 
prominence of the father was inherited by his sons, who 
became even more influential in county and State affairs. In 
1692 his son Thomas was appointed one of the County Jus- 
tices and reappointed until 1699, when his brother Henry 
became his associate in the County Court of Justice. They 
were continued in office until 1706, when three of the 
brothers, Joseph, Henry and Thomas sat in the same County 
Court. Very little is known of their private business affairs, 
but the land records show they were owners of much real 
estate, and that Thomas Ennalls was a mariner in 1690. 
While their name is extinct in the county, their blood flows 
down the Goldsborough line of descent from Robert Golds- 
borough, barrister, and Elizabeth Goldsborough, the chil- 
dren of Elizabeth (Ennalls) Goldsborough and her husband, 
Charles Goldsborough, and also through the Hoopers, 
Muses, Woolfords and other family lines still surviving in 
the county. 

About the year 1760, Thomas Muse, of Westmoreland 
County, Va., married Anne Ennalls, daughter of Joseph 
Ennalls, the son of Joseph, the third son of Bartholomew 
Ennalls. The Maryland Council of Safety commissioned 
Thomas Muse Major of the 19th Battalion of Militia, Octo- 
ber 23, 1776, and sent him fifty pounds to pay the mustering 
officers at Cambridge, where he was then stationed. He 

19 



290 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

died November 22, 1776, and left two children, Margaret 
and Joseph Ennalls Muse. Margaret married, in 1790, Dr. 
Wm. Worthington Davis, a bright Scotchman, who died in 
1795, leaving several children. From them have descended 
family branches of Campbells, Chamberlains, Thomases and 
Tripps. Joseph Ennalls Muse married Sophia Kerr, daugh- 
ter of David Kerr and Rachel Leeds (Bozman) Edmondson, 
widow of James Edmondson, Esq. Sophia (Kerr) Muse was 
a sister of John Leeds Kerr, who was elected to the U. S. 
Senate. When he was born, in 1780, a party of gentlemen 
crossed Chesapeake Bay on the ice in January to Wade's 
Point Plantation, in Talbot County, to inform the Hon. John 
Leeds of the birth of his great-grandson and namesake. His 
great-great-great-grandfather, Col. Nicholas Lowe, owned 
the first coach in Talbot County, and when they drove out 
in it to White Marsh Church the folks, white and black, 
would gather along the road to see them pass. The chil- 
dren of Dr. Joseph Ennalls Muse and his wife, Sophia (Kerr) 
Muse were Joseph E., Dr. James A., Dr. WilHam H. and 
one daughter, Mrs. Nicholas B. (Muse) Worthington. 

Dr. Joseph E. Muse, the eldest son, became an expert 
chemist and scientist, took great pleasure in agriculture, and 
in 1838, the Regents of the University of Maryland con- 
ferred upon him the honorary degree of Doctor of Medicine. 

Col. Wm. Sulivane Muse, of the U. S. Marine Corps, is 
the eldest son of Dr. Wm. H. Muse, herein named, and 
EHzabeth Sulivane Muse, born in Dorchester County, Md., 
April 8, 1842. He entered the U. S. Navy as a volunteer 
in 1862, and was commissioned Lieutenant in the U. S. 
Marine Corps March 18, 1864; served on the U. S. Str. "St. 
Marys," in the Pacific until 1866; was then assigned to shore 
duty at Washington and Annapolis for four years; then 
ordered to the U. S. S. "Brooklyn," in the European Squad- 
ron for three years. In 1878 he was ordered to the U. S. 
Artillery School at Fort Monroe. Va., for instruction, where 
he graduated in 1880, was that year promoted Captain and 



THE ENNALLS 29I 

joined the U. S. Flagship "Tennessee," in 1881, where he 
served three years as Fleet Marine Officer of the North 
Atlantic Squadron; then followed shore duty at Washington, 
New York and San Francisco. In 1885, was stationed on 
the Isthmus of Panama, with a marine battalion, during a 
revolution, to protect property and guard route of transit 
across the isthmus. In 1886 was ordered to Newport, R. I., 
to take course at Naval Torpedo School and War College. 
In 1890 and 1893 served on the U. S. Flagships "Charleston" 
and "San Francisco" as Fleet Marine Officer of the Pacific 
Squadron, and commanded the marines of the fleet at the 
Naval Review in New York in 1893. Was promoted Major, 
June, 1898; Lieutenant-Colonel, February, 1899, and Colo- 
nel, January, 1900. Next ordered to command the Marine 
Guard at U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., while 
Admiral Cervera and the other Spanish naval officers, cap- 
tured at Santiago, were held prisoners there. In December, 
1898, was ordered to Havana, Cuba, with marines, to occupy 
Navy Yard upon the evacuation of the Spanish; in 1900 was 
in command of the Marine Barracks, Brooklyn, N. Y., then 
transferred tO' Marine Barracks, Mare Island, California, 
where he was found physically unfit for active service by a 
Naval Medical Board, and from there ordered home and 
retired from service. He has returned to his magnificent 
home in Cambridge, Md., where every comfort surrounds 
him that could be reasonably desired. 

NOTES. 

Bartholomew Ennalls, of Dorchester County, who died in 
1688, left the following children : 

1. Thomas, who married in 1718, Elizabeth Richard- 
son; died without issue. 

2. William, married Anne Warren. 

3. Joseph, married Mary Brooke, of Calvert County, 
daughter of John and Judith Brooke. 

4. John, married Elinor Daffin. 



292 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

5. Henry, married, in 1695, Mary Hooper. 

6. Elizabeth, married Roger Woolford, of Somerset 
County. 

7. Mary, married John Foster. 

SECOND GENERATION. 

The children of Joseph and Mary Brooke Ennalls were : 

1. William, whoi married Annie Smith in 1716; died 
in 1731. 

2. Bartholomew, married Mary Smith in 1725 and Eliz- 
abeth Trippe in 1734; died in 1783. 

3. Joseph, born in 1702; married Mary Ennalls; died in 

1759- 

. 4. Thomas, married, i, the widow Smart; 2, Annie Hey- 

ward. 

5. Henry, married Elinor Bostworth. 

6. Elizabeth, married Chas. Goldsborough in 1730. 

7. Mary, married Col. Henry Hooper, of Warwick. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

The children of William Ennalls and Annie Smith were: 

1. Mary, who married Ennalls Hooper. 

2. Ann, married Gen. Henry Hooper. 

The children of Bartholomew Ennalls and Mary, his first 
wife, were : 

1. Mary, no record. 

2. Sarah, no record. 

Those by his second wife, Elizabeth Trippe, were : 

1. Elizabeth. 

2. Joseph, born in 1735. 

3. Anne, born in 1737. 

4. William, born in 1741. 

5. Henry, born in 1739. 

6. Leath, born in 1743. 

7. Bartholomew, born in 1746; married, i, Sally Hooper; 
2, Nancy Keene. 



THE GOLDSBOROUGHS 293 

The children of Joseph and Mary Ennalls, his wife, were: 

1. Elizabeth, married Greenbury Goldsborough in 1754. 

2. John, no record. 

3. Elinor, married Joseph Baffin, who' died in 1796. 

4. Betsy, died in 1800. 

5. Brook, born 1743; died in 1778. 

6. Anne, born 1750; died in 1803; married Thomas MtisC/ 
Col. Thomas Ennalls, son of Joseph and Mary Brooke 

Ennalls, his wife, married a second wife, Mary Anne Hay- 
ward; they had a daughter, Sarah, who married Henry Wag- 
gaman; their children were: Thomas E., George, Augustus 
^and Eliiza Waggaman. Thomas E. Waggaman xnarr'ied 
Martha Jefiferson Tyler, sister of President Tyler. 

Rebecca Ennalls married John Caile; their daughter, Mar- 
garet Caile, married Richard Sprigg. Margaret Caile, sis- 
ter of John Caile and daughter of Hall Caile and Elizabeth 
Haskins, his wife, married Gustavus Scott. 



THE GOLDSBOROUGH FAMILY. 

All of the Goldsboroughs in Dorchester County and Mary- 
land are descendants from the same parental ancestor, Nich- 
olas Goldsborough, who was a descendant of an old English 
family of that name who lived at Goldsborough Hall, in the 
County of York, England, as far back as 1157. 

Nicholas Goldsborough was born in 1640, at Malcolm 
Regis, near Weymouth, Dorset County, England. He mar- 
ried Margaret Howes, the only daughter of Abraham Howes, 
son of Wm. Howes, of Newburg, in Burks County, England, 
in 1659. In 1669 he went to Barbados, thence to New 
England and finally settled on Kent Island, in Maryland in 
1670. A few years later his wife and three children joined 
him in his new home on the Isle of Kent. Soon after their 
arrival, Nicholas Goldsborough died. His widow married 
George Robins, of Talbot County, in 1672. The children 
of Nicholas Goldsborough and his wife, Margaret (Howes) 



294 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Goldsborough, were Robert, Nicholas and Judith. Robert 
married, September 2, 1697, Elizabeth Greenbury, daughter 
of Col. Nicholas Greenbury and Ann, his wife, of Greenbury 
Point, near Annapolis, Md. They settled at "Ashbey," in 
Talbot County, and had a large family. Their son, Charles 
Goldsborough, who was Clerk of Dorchester County Court 
from 1727 to 1738, married, July 18, 1730, Elizabeth Ennalls, 
sister of Col. William and Joseph Ennalls, of Dorchester 
County. After her death, he married Elizabeth Dickinson, 
of Philadelphia. By his first wife, Elizabeth Ennalls, he had 
two children, viz : Robert Goldsborough and Elizabeth 
Goldsborough. Robert, who was born December 3, 1733, 
was educated in England and became a distinguished lawyer 
and statesman; was appointed a Delegate to the Continen- 
tal Congress by several conventions of Maryland, which were 
held at Annapolis. He was a member of the Council of 
Safety and also' of the Constitutional Convention of Mary- 
land in 1776. He married in England, March 27, 1755, 
Sarah Yerbury, daughter of Richard Yerbury, of Bassing 
Hall Street, London. They came to Maryland and settled 
in Cambridge. He owned and lived on the "Point," the prop- 
erty now owned by Mrs. Eliza Hayward. From his family 
of twelve children we trace two notable branches of his line. 
His eldest son, William Goldsborough, inherited the "Point," 
which he sold to James Steele and moved to Frederick 
County, Md. He married Miss Sarah Worthington, daugh- 
ter of Col. Nicholas Worthington, of Anne Arundel County. 
Another son of Hon. Robert Goldsborough was Dr. Rich- 
ard Goldsborough, of Cambridge, ^ho married Achsah 
Worthington, a sister of Mrs. William Goldsborough, his 
brother's wife. Dr. Goldsborough lived in Cambridge and 
practiced medicine, he was a large land owner, and had a 
large family. One of his sons was Hon. Brice John Golds- 
borough, who, for many years, was Judge of the Circuit 
Court, and in 1861, was appointed by Gov. Thomas Holli- 
day Hicks to the Bench of the Court of Appeals for Mary- 



THE GOLDSBOROUGHS 295 

land, and in 1862 was elected to the same position by a large 
majority over his competitor, Mr. James B. Groom, of Cecil 
County. While a member of the Court he died in July, 
1867. He married Leah Goldsborough, a daughter of 
Mr. James Goldsborough. his cousin, of Talbot County. 
They had two sons, James Richard Goldsborough, 
now living in Kentucky, and M. Worthington Golds- 
borough, now a Pay Inspector, U. S. Navy, who entered the 
service on September 30, 1862, as Acting Assistant Pay- 
master; was made Assistant Paymaster in 1864; promoted to 
Paymaster May, 1866; and made Pay Inspector November 
24, 1 89 1. His first duty was on the U. S. S. "Southfield," on 
the sounds of North Carolina; second, U. S. S. "St. Law- 
rence;" third, U. S. S. "Shamrock;" fourth, U. S. S. "Con- 
stitution," at Naval Academy, Annapolis; fifth, Washington 
Navy Yard; sixth, U. S. S. "Omaha," Pacific Station; sev- 
enth, U. S. Coast Survey from October, 1876, to March, 
1881; eighth, U. S. S. "Brooklyn," South Atlantic Station; 
ninth, Navy Yard, League Island, Pa.; next at Pay Office, 
San Francisco, Cal.; tenth, U. S. S. "San Francisco" and 
U. S. S. "Charleston," of the Pacific and Asiatic Station, and 
in 1893, was ordered to the Naval Academy, where he was 
retired on the ninth of October, 1896, having reached the 
age limit, sixty-two years. During the Spanish-American 
War, he was on volunteer duty at Norfolk, Va.; and after 
the death of Pay Inspector Loomis, was ordered to^ the Naval 
Academy, where he is now on duty. Paymaster Goldsbor- 
ough married Miss Nettie M. Jones, daughter of Samuel W. 
Jones, of Princess Anne, Somerset County, Md. They have 
four sons Hving, viz : Dr. B. W. Goldsborough and Hon. P. 
L. Goldsborough, of Cambridge; Dr. Martin W. Golds- 
borough, of Princess Anne, Md., and M. R. Goldsborough, 
Assistant Paymaster, U. S. Navy, now attached to the 
U. S. S. "Rainbow," of the Asiatic Station at Manila, P. I. 

The following is the direct fine of descent of this family: 

I. Nicholas Goldsborough. 



296 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

2. Robert Goldsborough. 

3. Charles Goldsborough, 

4. Hon. Robert Goldsborough, Barrister. 

5. Dr. Richard Goldsborough. 

6. Hon. Brice J. Goldsborough. 

7. Worthington Goldsborough. 

8. Dr. B. W. and P. L. Goldsborough. 

9. Phillips L. Goldsborough, Jr. 

Dr. Brice W. Goldsborough, the eldest son, is an eminent 
physician and skillful surgeon, now actively engaged in his 
profession at Cambridge; he married Miss Nannie C. Henry, 
daughter of Dr. James Winfield Henry, also' of Cambridge; 
they have four daughters, Annie W., Etta, Laura D. and 
Mary Campbell. 

Hon. Phillips Lee Goldsborough, the next son of Pay- 
master Goldsborough, is a lawyer by profession, and was 
admitted to the Bar in 1889. In 1891 he was nominated and 
elected State's Attorney for Dorchester County and reelected 
in 1895; this place he resigned when elected Comptroller 
of the State of Maryland in 1897. While at the head of this 
of^ce for two years, the finances of the State were never 
previously managed more judiciously or more satisfactorily 
to all the people of the State, irrespective of party or corpo- 
rate organizations. He married Miss Ellen Showell, of Ber- 
lin, Somerset County, Md., the daughter of . They 

have two sons, Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Jr., and Brice W. 
Goldsborough, Jr. 

The other branch of the Goldsboroughs that lived in Dor- 
chester County were the large family and descendants of 
Gov. Charles Goldsborough, who lived at Shoal Creek, near 
Cambridge. Gov. Goldsborough's first wife was Elizabeth 
Goldsborough, daughter of Robert Goldsborough, of "Myrtle 
Grove," Talbot County, and his second wife was Sarah T. 
Goldsborough, daughter of Charles Goldsborough, of ''Horn's 
Point," and brother of Dr. Richard Goldsborough, of Cam- 
bridge, sons of Hon. Robert Goldsborough, of the "Point." 



THE GOLDSBOROUGHS 297 

They had a large family. William T. Goldsboroiigh, who at 
one time lived at "Horn's Point," was their oldest son; R. 
Tilghman Goldsborough and Charles F. Goldsborough, who 
was Associate Judge of the Circuit Court in the First Judi- 
cial District, were the other sons. None of the sons or 
daughters of Governor Goldsborough are now living. The 
youngest son. Judge Charles F. Goldsborough, died in 1892, 
before the expiration of his term on the Bench. 

One of the first Goldsboroughs who came to Dorchester 
County was John Goldsborough, the son of John Goldsbo- 
rough, of Talbot County. He married his cousin, Caroline 
Goldsborough. He was Deputy Commissary of Dorchester 
County under the Provincial Government, and after the Rev- 
olution, was for many years Register of Wills for the county. 

In every generation of the Goldsboroughs since the arrival 
of Nicholas Goldsborough in Maryland, some of them have 
been prominent in public affairs, which has given the name a 
high reputation that history claims with partial pride. 

The late deceased and surviving members of the latter 
generations have honored their ancestors with marked dis- 
tinction in political, professional and social life. ■ 

HON. PHILLIPS LEE GOLDSBOROUGH. 

Hon. P. L. Goldsborough, of Cambridge Md., is one of 
the rising young men of the day in the Republican party on 
the Eastern Shore of Maryland. He is the son of M. Worth- 
ington Goldsborough, Pay Inspector in the U. S. Navy, and 
Henrietta Maria (Jones) Goldsborough. After completing 
his education, he began the study of law with the Honorable 
Daniel M. Henry, Jr., of Cambridge. He was admitted to 
the Bar of Maryland at Cambridge when about twenty-one 
years of age, and later, to practice his profession before the 
Court of Appeals of the State. After serving as Paymaster's 
Clerk in the Navy, at San Francisco, for some time under 
his father, he returned to Cambridge in 1890, when he began 



298 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

to practice his profession there. In the fah of 1891 he was 
nominated by the Republican Party for the office of State's 
Attorney of Dorchester County, to which he was elected. 
Four years later he was renominated and elected by a hand- 
some majority. 

In 1895 he was a prominent candidate for Congress in the 
First District. In 1896 he was a strong candidate for the 
United States Senate before the General Assembly of Mary- 
land, but was defeated by a vote of only four majority against 
him. 

At the Republican State Convention in 1897 he was nom- 
inated for Comptroller of the Treasury of the State of Mary- 
land, and elected by seven thousand majority. 

In 1895 he began to publish a weekly newspaper at Cam- 
bridge, the Dorchester Standard, a Republican organ which 
he edited and published until 1901, when We sold it to 
Thomas S. Latimer, the present editor and proprietor. 

Mr. Goldsborough is Chairman of the Republican State 
Central Committee of Maryland and an influential party 
leader in the State. He is a popular member of several 
social and political clubs and a vestryman of Christ's Protest- 
ant Episcopal Church in Cambridge. 

In June, 1902, he was nominated by President Roosevelt 
for the ofifice of Collector of Internal Revenue at Baltimore, 
for the District of Maryland and Delaware. On July i, he 
relieved Collector B. F. Parlett, and entered upon the dis- 
charge of his duties as Revenue Collector. 

In 1893 Mr. Goldsborough married Miss Ellen Showell, 
daughter of the late William M. Showell, of Berlin, Worces- 
ter County, Md. They have two surviving children, Phil- 
lips Lee Goldsborough, Jr., and Brice W. Goldsborough, Jr. 



THE HENRYS 299 

THE HENRY FAMILY. 




<5ol0sbocousb»1benrs Brms. 

From the memoirs of Hon. John Henry, of Dorchester 
County, we have been permitted by one of his great-grand- 
sons to copy extracts : 

Of the paternal ancestors of Hon. John Henry, the first 
who emigrated to this country was the Rev. John Henry, a 
Presbyterian minister, who, it is said, "stood high, not only 
as a divine, but also as a citizen." He came from Ireland 
about the year 1700 and settled at or near Rehoboth, on the 
Pocomoke River in Somerset County, Md., where he con- 
tinued to reside until his death in 1717. I know nothing of 
his family history prior to his arrival in this country. Some 
years after his settlement at Rehoboth, he married Mary 
Jenkins, widow of Francis Jenkins. Col. Jenkins having no 
children gave her by his will what was in those days consid- 
ered an immense estate. Her maiden name was King. She 
was the daughter of Sir Robert King, an Irish Baronet, and 
is generally known by tradition and in public records of Som- 
erset County as Madam Hampton, having married, after the 
death of Mr. Henry, her second husband. Rev. John Hamp- 
ton, also a Presbyterian minister. She was an accomplished 
woman of many virtues and was sometimes called "d. great 
woman. "^ She had no children, except by her marriage 



*See letter on "Early History of the Presbyterian Church in America," 
by Irving Spencer, p. 97, ch. 55. 



300 HISTORY OF DORCH"ESTER COUNTY 

with Mr. Henry, by whom she left two sons, Francis Jenkins 
Henry and John Henry. Both of these sons afterwards 
became prominent and important citizens and took an active 
part in pubhc affairs. She survived Mr. Hampton also for 
ci number of years and died in 1744. I do not know whom 
Francis Jenkins, the elder of her sons, married, but he left 
children, and many of his descendants are living in Mary- 
land and elsewhere, influential and respected. John, the 
younger, known as Col. John Henry, married Dorothy 
Rider, youngest daughter of Col. John Rider, who was a 
gentleman of wealth and respectability. As Col. John Rider 
was the maternal grandfather of Governor Henry, it may be 
well to give some account of his family. 

He was the only son of John Rider, of England, and Anne, 
only child of Col. Hutchins. Col. Hutchins was one of the 
early settlers in Dorchester County, and displayed great 
judgment in selecting and securing large tracts of valuable 
land. He became wealthy and built the large brick house 
at "Weston," which afterwards became the home of the John 
Henry branch of the Henry family. His daughter was sent 
to England to be educated and after the completion of her 
education, he was anxiously awaiting her return. In those 
days there was considerable direct trade between the town of 
Vienna, on the Nanticoke River, six miles above "Weston." 
and England, and when the vessel in which his daughter was 
expected anchored in front of his house, he felt sure that 
she was on board; but instead of this he received her minia- 
ture and a letter informing him that she was engaged to 
marry Mr. John Rider. In his disappointment, he became 
very angry and threw the miniature in the fire, but it was 
rescued by some one before it was seriously injured, and, I 
think, it is still in the possession of one of her descendants. 
She married Mr. Rider in England about 1685, and their son, 
since known as Col. John Rider, was born there October 30, 
1686. They afterwards sailed for America, but both she and 
her husband died on the voyage, leaving their son surviving 



THE HENRYS 3OI 

them. He was received by his grandfather, and at his death, 
inherited all his property. Col. Hutchins died in 1699. 
From him descended in the female Hne, the Steeles, of Mary- 
land, as well as our branch of the Henry family. * * * 

Col. John Rider (grandson of Col. Hutchins) married on 
January 23, 1706, Annie Hicks, of Dorchester County, and 
died February 16, 1749. * * * He left one son, Charles, 
and three daughters, Sarah, Anne and Dorothy, surviving 
him. His son died unmarried about two years later. Of 
his daughters, Sarah, the eldest, married James Billings, a 
merchant of Oxford, Md. Anne married Thomas Nevett, 
the father of John Rider Nevett, and Dorothy, Col. John 
Henry, as before stated. 

Henry Steele, an English gentleman, at that time of 
Oxford, Md., afterwards nearest neighbor of Governor 
Henry, in Dorchester, married a daughter of James Billings, 
whose name is also retained in the Steele family, and her 
son, James Steele, married Mary Nevett, granddaughter of 
Thomas and daughter of John Rider Nevett. The Nevetts, 
Billingses and Steeles were all refined and cultivated people, 
as may be discovered from their letters and other writings 
still in existence. The Nevetts and Billingses. I beheve, are 
now extinct in the male line. The name Nevett still sur- 
vives in several members of the Steele family. 

Col. John Henry died in 1781. He had four sons' and 
five daughters, nearly all of whom survive him. His son, John 
Henry, afterwards U. S. Senator, Governor, etc., was born 
in November, 1750, at "Weston," the residence of his father, 
in Dorchester County. He was prepared for college at West 
Nottingham Academy, in Cecil County, Md., under the 
direction of Rev. Samuel Finley, D.D., and later, was sent 
to Princeton College, where he graduated about 1769. After 
this he devoted himself to the study of law for several years 
In this country and then went to England, where he remained 
about two years and a half, engaged in prosecuting his law 
studies in the Temple. While in England, the issues between 



302 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

the colonies and the mother country grew warmer day by 
day and excited intense feeHng and anxiety. They were a 
frequent subject of conversation, and led to animated dis- 
cussions in the Robin Hood Club, of which he was a member. 
He took part in these discussions and zealously defended 
the rights ol the colonies. He left England in 1775 and 
upon arriving at home, thoroughly educated and popular, he 
was almost immediately elected by the people a member 
of the Legislature of Maryland. In 1777 he was sent to the 
Continental Congress and remained by successive reelec- 
tions, almost continuously a member of that body until the 
adoption of the Constitution of the United States. 

Upon the adoption of the Constitution, Mr. Henry was 
elected U. S. Senator for the term commencing March 4, 
1789, and upon its expiration, was reelected for the term 
commencing! March 4, 1795, but afterwards resigned to- 
accept the office of Governor of Maryland, which he held for 
the year 1798. * * * He resigned the office of Gov- 
ernor on account of ill-health and returned to^ "Weston," his 
estate on the Nanticoke, where he died in November, 1798. 
He married, March 6, 1787, Margaret, daughter of John and 
Elizabeth Campbell, of Caroline County, Md. I know noth- 
ing of Mr. Campbell, except by tradition, that he was an 
intelligent and respected citizen. The maiden name of his 
wife was Goldsborough. * * * 

Gov. John Henry was a gentleman and citizen of the first 
rank in private and public life. His fine physical appearance 
and polished manners made him the centre of social attrac- 
tion wherever he mingled with the people; his preeminent 
legal attainments and thorough knowledge of public affairs 
at home and abroad placed him first in public estimation, and 
the people chose him to represent them in every public affair 
where strong influence and leadership were most needed to 
guide Maryland through the dark hours of the Revolutionary 
conflict, and to secure her sovereign rights under the Con- 
stitution as a State in the Federal compact. Well may his 



THE HENRYS 303 

living descendants and kindred of to-day be proud of an 
ancestor who served his State and country in the Continen- 
tal Congress for six years; eight years in the United States 
Senate and Governor of Maryland as long as his health 
would permit. In the U. S. Senate he was the colleague 
of Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, and the peer of any Senator. 
His services were in universal demand. On December 19, 
1783, he headed the Senate Committee to prepare the House 
for the reception of General Washington, and to prepare an 
address to present to him on his arrival at Annapolis to 
resign his command of the Continental Army. 

During the Revolutionary War, when the British kept a 
fleet of armed vessels and barges in Chesapeake Bay for plun- 
dering the homes and destroying the property of the colo- 
nists who lived near the Bay or navigable rivers, in October, 
1780, they sent an expedition up the Nanticoke that captured 
the town of Vienna, looted the stores and burned a new brig 
there. On their way down the river they stopped at the 
home of Col. John Henry, member of Congress, and burned 
his house and furniture. Only the Colonel and his servants 
were at home. As the enemy approached he retired to a 
neighbor's house where he had removed his plate and valu- 
able papers. Fortunately he was not then captured by that 
devastating force of plunderers who' had threatened to take 
his life. They took away one negro man from Mr. Henry's 
place and another from Mr. Steele, who was a near neighbor. 

Governor Henry left tw^o sons, John Campbell Henry, born 
December 6, 1787, and Francis Jenkins Henry, born in 1789. 
His wife died about a month after the birth of her younger 
son, and he remained a widower until his death. His sons, 
after attending various schools in the State, w^ere sent some 
years after his death, by their guardian, to Princeton Col- 
lege, where they completed their education. Francis Jen- 
kins, the youngest, died unmarried soon after his arrival at 



304 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The Other son, John Campbell Henry, on April 21, 1808, 
married Mary Nevett Steele, eldest daughter of James and 
Mary Steele. I. Nevett Steele, of Baltimore, who was a 
distinguished lawyer and Dr. Charles Hutchins Steele, of 
West River, Md., were her brothers. Mary Steele, her 
mother and wife of James Steele, was the only daughter of 
John Rider Nevett, by his marriage with Sarah Maynadier. 
a daughter of Rev. Daniel Maynadier, a minister of the 
Church of England and rector of Great Choptank Parish in 
Dorchester County for many years and until his death. He 
was a son of Rev. Daniel Maynadier, a French Huguenot, 
who fled from Languedoc after the revocation of the edict 
of Nantes, first to England and thence to this country. He 
settled in Talbot County and became rector of White Marsh 
Parish. John Rider Nevett was unfortunately drowned 
April 13, 1772, at the age of twenty-five years, by the cap- 
sizing of a schooner in Choptank River, while on his way to 
Annapolis. * * * His widow married Dr. James Mur- 
ray and removed to Annapolis. They left two sons, Daniel 
and James, and three daughters, all of whom were distin- 
guished by intelligence, cultivation and high social position. 
One of the daughters married Governor and U. S. Senator 
Edward Lloyd, of Talbot County; another became the wife 
of Hon. Richard Rush, of Philadelphia, whose distinguished 
career is so well known, and the other became the wife of 
Gen. John Mason, of Virginia, and the grandmother of Gen. 
Fitzhugh Lee, late Governor of Virginia. 

John Campbell Henry died in his seventieth year, April 
I, 1857, at "Hambrook," his beautiful residence on Choptank 
River, a short distance below Cambridge. He never sought 
public office, and having been appointed one of the Gov- 
ernor's council, soon resigned. Other public places of prom- 
inence he preferred not to accept, but devoted himself to the 
duties of private life, and only served the public in local posi- 
tions. He was an intelligent gentleman of sound judgment 
and strict integrity, though reserved in his manners, yet he 



THE HENRYS 305 

was fond of bright and refined society and his home was 
ahvays the seat of generous but unassuming hospitahty. His 
widow survived him many years and died November 20, 
1873, at the age of 84 years. 

Mr. Henry left four sons and four daughters who survived 
him, namely : Dr. James Winfield, Francis Jenkins, Daniel 
Maynadier and Rider, and Kitty, Isabella, Elizabeth, Mary 
and Charlotte A. P. 

James Winfield, the eldest son, studied medicine in Phil- 
adelphia and successfully practiced his profession for many 
years at Cambridge. He never sought public office. In 
March, 1841, he married Anna Maria, youngest daughter of 
Levin H. Campbell, Esq. Dr. Henry died in 1889. Of his 
children, James Winfield is a prominent and prosperous bus- 
iness man in Baltimore City. Daniel M. was a leading law- 
yer at the Cambridge Bar, and was elected State's Attorney 
in 1879. He married, in 1881, Miss Martha H. Adkins, 
daughter of Dr. Adkins, of Easton, Md. Mr. Henry died 
of typhoid fever in 1889, in the prime of his manhood, when 
hope was highest and life was dearest. He was admired and 
esteemed by a host of devoted friends. 

Miss Nannie C. Henry, a daughter of Dr. Henry, married 
Dr. B. W. Goldsborough, a prominent physician in active 
practice at Cambridge, Md., October 29, 1884. 

Francis Jenkins Henry has had large experience in pubhc 
office; at one time was Postmaster of Cambridge. He was 
elected Clerk of the Circuit Court for Dorchester County in 
185 1 and held the office by successive reelections until 1879, 
covering a period of twenty-eight years. His affable man- 
ner and cheerful accommodation shown to all who^ had offi- 
cial business with him at the Court House, and his social 
intercourse unofficially with the town and county people, 
made him the most popular Court Clerk ever elected in Dor- 
chester County. 

20 



3o6 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

DEATH OF THE OLDEST CITIZEN. 

Col. Francis J. Henry, the oldest resident of Cambridge, 
and one of the best known citizens of Dorchester, died at his 
home on Locust Street, Tuesday evening at 7 o'clock, aged 
85 years. Up to three years ago. Colonel Henry enjoyed 
good health, until he was stricken with paralysis while on a 
trip to Baltimore, since which time he had been gradually 
failing until the end came. He was born at Hansell, in 
Vienna District, Dorchester County, on August 12, 1816, 
and was the son of John Campbell and Mary Nevett Henry 
and grandson of John Henry, Governor of Maryland, United 
States Senator and member of the Continental Congress. He 
married Wilhelmina Goldsborough, of Dorchester County, 
who died about fifteen years ago. He is survived by 
four sons and four daughters, namely: John C. Henry, of 
New Orleans; R. G. Henry, ex-Postmaster and now Mayor 
of Cambridge; Nicholas G. Henry, of the Hydrographic 
Of^ce, Washington, D. C. ; Hampton Henry, of Cambridge; 
Mrs. John Spence, of New Market; Mrs. Elizabeth Golds- 
borough, of San Francisco; Mrs. Annie O. B. Steele and Wil- 
helmina Muse, of Cambridge. The funeral was at the resi- 
dence Thursday afternoon, conducted by Revs. T. C. Page 
and Jas. L. Bryan, of the P. E. Church. 

Colonel Henry was Clerk of the Circuit Court of Dorches- 
ter for twenty-eight years, being first elected to that position 
in 1 85 1, and was considered one of the most popular officials 
who ever held that office. He was defeated in 1879 by the 
present incumbent, Mr. Charles Lake, after a spirited contest. 
— Dorchester Era. 

In 1836 he married the youngest daughter of Robert 
Goldsborough, Esq., of Cambridge. She died in 1881. Eight 
children survived her. The oldest son, John Campbell, at the 
outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, raised a company of volun- 
teers for the Federal Army, known as Company A, of which 
he was Captain, in the First Eastern Shore Regiment of 
Infantry. As a citizen of Maryland, influenced by Southern 



THE HENRYS 307 

interests and social intercourse, Captain Henry decided to 
cast his lot as a soldier in the war with the South in her 
battles for independence. He then resigned his command in 
the Federal Army, went South and served with distinction 
in the Confederate Army; was engaged in many battles and 
wounded five times. It was his good fortune to survive all 
conflicts of the war and after its close, returned to his native 
State and town to join his father's family and devoted friends. 

Another son, Robert Goldsborough Henry, is a prominent 
lawyer and Mayor of the city of Cambridge, and was for- 
merly Deputy Court Clerk of the Circuit Court for Dorches- 
ter County for thirteen years, and Postmaster of Cambridge, 
under President Cleveland, 1893-97. Previously he was, for 
a number of years, Secretary to the Chief of the Torpedo 
Division in the Navy of the Argentine Republic. May 20, 
1875, Mr. Henry married Miss Julia M. Muse, daughter of 
Dr. James A. Muse, of Cambridge. Nicholas G. Henry, 
another son, is connected with the U. S. Coast and Geodetic 
Survey Office, Washington, D. C. 

Daniel M. Henry, a brother of Francis Jenkins Henry, was 
a lawyer by profession and practiced at Cambridge. He 
represented Dorchester County in both branches of the State 
Legislature and was elected a member of the House of Rep- 
resentatives of the United States in 1875 for two terms. 
He was twice married, first in November, 1845, to Henri- 
etta Maria, youngest daughter of Gov. Charles Golds- 
borough, of Shoal Creek, Dorchester County. She died in 
December, 1846. He next married Susan Elizabeth, only 
daughter of William Goldsborough, Esq., of "Myrtle Grove," 
Talbot County, Md., and granddaughter of Hon. Robert H. 
Goldsborough, twice U. S. Senator from Maryland, and also 
granddaughter of Gov. Charles Goldsborough, above men- 
tioned. The blood relationship between these two dis- 
tinguished gentlemen was distant. 

Mr. Daniel M. Henry was a gentleman of fine legal attain- 
ments, unassuming and modest in his demeanor, with such 
refined and tender sympathies that he neglected self to serve 



308 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Others. Honor and honesty were jewels that crowned his 
useful work in public and private life. 

Of his sons, W. Laird Henry is an attorney-at-law at the 
Cambridge Bar and an ex-Congressman, having been a 
member of the Fifty-third Congress. He married the widow 
of Hon. D. M. Henry, Jr., in 1894. 

Maynadier Henry, a brother of W. Laird, entered the 
realm of manhood with bright prospects of a useful career, 
but while in the employment of the National Bank of Cam- 
bridge, he became the victim of a fatal disease and died in 
1892. 

Rider Henry resides in Washington, D. C, and holds an 
of^cial position connected with the House of Representatives. 

Kitty Henry married Daniel Lloyd, youngest son of 
Governor and U. S. Senator Edward Lloyd, of Talbot 
County. She died in April, 1886, leaving three children, 
two daughters and a son, Henry Lloyd, who was elected 
State Senator in 1881, and elected President of the Senate, 
became Governor in 1885 by the resignation of Gov. Robert 
McLain. In 1892 he was appointed Associate Judge of the 
First Judicial Circuit after the death of Judge Charles F. 
Goldsborough, and was elected Associate Judge in Novem- 
ber, 1893, for the term of sixteen years, and is still on the 
Bench. 

Isabella Elizabeth Henry, in June, 1850, married Dr. 
Thomas B. Steele, a surgeon in the United States Navy, 
from which he resigned and for the last forty years has been a 
leading practitioner of medicine at Cambridge, Md. They 
have two surviving children, a daughter and son, Dr. Guy 
Steele, a young physician and surgeon of prominence now 
located in Cambridge. 

Mary Henry, in April, 1848, married R. Tilghman Golds- 
borouo-h, a son of Gov. Charles Goldsborough. No children 
by this marriage. 

Charlotte A. P. Henry married in 1852, Hon. Charles F. 
Goldsborough, a son of Gov. Charles Goldsborough. He 
held important offices; State's Attorney for Dorchester 



THE HICKS 309 

County; State Senator, and was elected Associate Judge of 
the Court, First Judicial Circuit, in 1S79. He died in 1892, 
before the expiration of his term on the Bench. No surviv- 
ing; children by this marriage. His widow is still livings. 

In closing this sketch of the Henry family it is worthily 
due their living descendants to note the high esteem in which 
Gov. John Henry w^as held by quoting a paragraph of a letter 
written to- him by the illustrious statesman, Thomas Jeffer- 
son, of Virginia. The subject I withhold. "* * * I 
have g'one, my dear sir, into this lengthy detail to satisfy a 
mind in the candor and rectitude of which I have the highest 
confidence. So far as you may incline to use the communi- 
cation for rectifying the judgments of those who are willing 
to see things truly as they are, you are free to use it, but I 
pray no confidence you may repose in anyone may induce you 
to let it go out of your hands so as to get into a newspaper, 
against a contest in that field I am entirely decided. I feel 
extraordinary gratification in addressing this letter to you, 
with whom shades of difference in political sentiment have 
not prevented the interchange of good opinion, nor cut off 
the friendly intercourse of society and good correspondence. 
This political tolerance is the more valued by me who con- 
sider social harmony as the first of human felicities, and the 
happiest moments those which are given to the effusion of 
the heart. Accept them sincerely, I pray you, from one who, 
with sentiments of high respect and attachment, has the 
honor to be, dear sir, your most obedient and humble ser- 
vant. Th. Jefferson." 

THE HICKS FAMILY. 

Thomas Flicks was the first of that name to settle in Dor- 
chester County. He was a native of White Haven, Great 
Britain; was born in 1659 and died in 1722. He left chil- 
dren — 

1. Levin, born in 1692; died in 1732. 

2. Thomas. 

3. Annie, who married John Rider in 1706. 



3IO HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

SECOND GENERATION. 

Levin Hicks (i), who died in 1732, left the fohowing chil- 
dren: 

1. Levin, born in 1713, died in 1793; married Mary En- 
nalls, widow of Bartholomew Ennalls, daughter of Col. 
Henry Hooper, January 25, 1744, O. S. 

2. Henry. 

3. John. 

4. Denwood. 

5. Mary. 

6. Mary. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

The children of Levin Hicks and Mary (Ennalls) (Hooper), 
his wife, were; 

1. Mary, born March 5, 1745; died 1779; married Zach- 
ariah Campbell in 1765. 

2. Levin, born August 17, 1748; died unmarried. 

The children of Mary Hicks and Zachariah Campbell were : 

1. Mary. 

2. Isabella. 

3. Elizabeth. 

4. Levin Hicks, born in 1774; married, i, Mary Troup, 
daughter of Dr. John Troup, of County Kincardineshire, 
Scotland, in 1797; she died in 181 1; 2, married Anna Maria 
Davis, daughter of Dr. William Worthington Davis and his 
wife, Margaret Muse. 

Zachariah Campbell, above-named, came from Glasgow, 
Scotland, prior to the Revolution; first settled in Virginia, 
and later came to Vienna in Dorchester County, Md. His 
wife, Mary Hicks, was a niece of Gen. Henry Hooper. 

Mary Hooper Hicks survived her daughter, Mary (Hicks) 
Campbell, and son-in-law, Zachariah Campbell. Their chil- 
dren were left to the guardianship of Dr. William Ennalls 
Hooper, eldest son of Gen. Henry Hooper, a most intimate 
friend and cousin to Mary Hicks Campbell, their mother. 



THE HICKS 311 

Levin Hicks, before named, whose second wife was Miss 
Anna Maria Davis, left the following named children by her : 

1. Levin Hicks, Jr., who married Miss Mary Jones, of 
Hagerstown, Md. 

2. Anna Maria, who married Dr. J. Winfield Henry, of 
Cambridge, Md. He vvas a son of John Campbell Henry, 
of "Hambrooks," and Mary (Steele) Henry, his wife. 

HON. THOMAS HOLLIDAY HICKS. 
{Sketch Received from the Family.^ 

Hon. Thomas Holliday Hicks, ex-Governor of Mary- 
land and United States Senator, was born near East New 
Market, Md., on September 2, 1798; the eldest son of 
Henry C. and Mary (Sewell) Hicks, who were of English 
and Scotch descent, respectively. His father was an exten- 
sive planter and, as was the custom of his day, owned slaves 
He w^as kind to those under him, generous to all in need, 
charitable toward the erring and patriotic in citizenship. He 
and his wife were identified with the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. In their family were thirteen children. 

On the family estate, four miles from East New Market, 
the subject of this memoir grew tO' manhood, meantime at- 
tending the local subscription schools. Soon after attaining 
his majority he was made a Deputy Sherifif and continued in 
that position until 1824, when he was elected Sheriff of his 
co'unty. Three years later he retired froin office and settled 
upon a farm he had purchased on the Choptank River, during 
his residence there, being elected a member of the House of 
Delegates. In 1833 he removed tO' Vienna and succeeded 
his recently deceased brother, Horace Sewell Hicks, in the 
mercantile business and in running boats toi Baltimore. For 
several years he was a Captain of a cavalry company of the 
State Militia. In the year 1836, on the Whig ticket, he was 
elected a member of the State Electoral College, which, under 
the old Constitution of Maryland, had the election of the 
State Senate and the Governor's Council. There being 



312 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

twenty-one Whigs and nineteen Democrats in the College, 
the election, requiring a two-thirds vote, created a deadlock 
and almost threw the State into anarchy. Three Democrats 
finally voted with the majority, a compromise was effected 
and the Senate was elected. 

While in Annapolis as a member of the College Mr. Hicks 
was elected to the Legislature, which during the next session 
passed measures making the Senate and Council elective by 
the people. In 1837 he was a member of the Governor's 
Council, and the following year was appointed Register of 
Wills for Dorchester County by Governor Veazey, afterward 
being reappointed by successive Governors until the Consti- 
tution of 185 1 made the office elective. He was a member of 
that convention though filling the office of Representative at 
the time. 

On the death of Mr. Mitchell, in 1855, Mr. Hicks was made 
his successor as Register of Wills and filled that position alto- 
gether seventeen years, holding it until he became Gov- 
ernor. Nominated by the American party for the position of 
chief executive, he received the election and began his term 
of service January i, 1857. It will be remembered that his 
administration covered a period of vital importance in the 
history of our country, and the efficient manner in which he 
discharged every duty soon brought him into national promi- 
nence. At that time Baltimore was in the hands of a lawless 
element, known as "Plug-Uglies," who controlled every elec- 
tion. Several respectable citizens in their efforts to take 
political matters out of their hands, succeeded in bringing 
the ringleaders to trial and convicting them of murder. Every 
conceivable influence was brought to- bear on Governor Hicks 
to induce him to pardon the men, but he refused, and the 
offenders were executed. 

The unchangeable decision of character noticeable at this 
time was still further in evidence at the outbreak of the Civil 
War, when the whole State was thrown into confusion; fam- 
ilies were divided in opinions and life itself was in constant 
peril. While others were terrified, he stood firm and un- 



THE HICKS 313 

wavering, maintaining his integrity to the end. His firmness 
of purpose earned for him the sobriquet of "Old Caesar." 

However determined and steadfast in purpose, he was 
withal kind and tender-hearted. For his friends he could not 
do' enough. But his kindness did not cease there. Often, at 
the entreaties of their friends, he visited President Lincoln 
tO' ask for the release of sick and wounded Confederate 
prisoners of war. The President had such implicit confi- 
dence in him, his requests were always granted, feeling 
assured, that he would only intercede for worthy persons. 
He threw the weight of his influence on the side of the 
Union and endeavored to secure enlistments from his own 
State for the Federal Army. On the twenty-second of July, 
1862, he was appointed by President Lincoln Brigadier-Gen- 
eral of Volunteers, and declined the appointment July 26, 
1S62. 

On the close of his term as Governor in 1863 he was ap^ 
pointed United States Senator by Governor Bradford, to 
fill the unexpired term of Hon. James Alfred Pierce. His 
appointment was ratified by the Legislature at the session 
of 1864, and he actively entered upon the responsible duties 
cf Senator. The continuance of the war made his counsel 
most necessary, and he was thoroughly identified with the 
Union party as one of its leaders. Although the owner of 
slaves, he voted for the ratification of the Constitution in 
1864 and favored the abolition of slavery. In the autumn 
of 1863 he seriously sprained his ankle and erysipelas setting 
in, it was necessary to amputate his limb. He died Febru- 
ary 13, 1865, from the effects of a stroke of apoplexy, when 
at the height of his fame and usefulness. 

Two days later his death was announced to the Senate, by 
his late colleague, Reverdy Johnson, of Maryland. Li his 
remarks he paid this deserved tribute: "Ever courteous, 
kind and attentive, he possessed the esteem and qonfidence of 
us all. Endowed with a sound judgment and animated by a 
fervent patriotism, he supported every measure that prom- 
ised, in his opinion, to benefit the country in its existing 



314 HISTOBY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

emergency. In private, too, he was highly appreciated and 
by those who' knew him intimately loved as a brother. By 
the society of his county, especially, will his lo'ss be long and 
keenly felt and to his immediate family it will be irreparable.'' 

Mr. Willey, of West Virginia, said among other things: 
"It has been my privilege to occupy a seat by the side of 
Governor Hicks ever since he entered this hall. I had, there- 
fore an opportunity not only tO' witness his course in relation 
tO' public affairs, but also' toi observe more closely the spirit 
and principle, the heart and motive (so to^ speak) which 
seemed to prompt and control his conduct. And I declare 
to you, sir, that I never knew a man whose simplicity, single- 
ness of purpose, whose evident sincerity, purity and unselfish- 
ness of aim tO' promote the honor and welfare of his country 
commanded more of my confidence and respect. I know 
not if he ever aspired to win the personal distinction and 
renown which men of great intellectual parts sometimes 
seem to seek with an ardor hardly secondary to the promo- 
tion of the national welfare; but to me he ever appeared to 
forget himself in the higher and holier purpose of securing 
the public good." 

In the House of Representatives the death of Governcr 
Hicks was announced February 15 by Mr. Webster, of Mar}'-- 
land, who said, in part : ''Governor Hicks was entirely a self- 
made man. He toiled up the mountain side unaided and 
reached height after height through his own manly exer- 
tions; but never did he break the bond whicji bound him to 
the people on the plain. He was essentially a man of the 
people, of them and from them; his instincts, his sympathies, 
affections, were all v/ith them, and his exertions and labors in 
their behalf. The poorest and most friendless boy received 
from him as kindly a welcome as the men who held the most 
influential and important stations. The last note I ever re- 
ceived from him, only a few days before his death, was writ- 
ten to ask my aid for a poor man, a sailor disabled in the ser- 
vice of his country, and in it he regretted that his health 
would not permit him personally to render him as much as- 
sistance as he desired. 



THE HICKS 315 

"That, however, which has most distinguished him and 
endeared him to the people of Maryland, was his unselfish 
and unyielding- patriotism. In him was illustrated the patri- 
otism that burned so' purely in the hearts of the men of 
1776. There was no' personal sacrifice which he deemed 
too great to be made for his country. This was particularly 
illustrated in his course on the question of emancipation. 
Though holding a considerable number of slaves at the 
breaking out of the rebellion, and entering intO' the war with 
the impression that it ought to be so conducted as not to 
interfere with slavery, yet when he became convinced, as he 
afterward did, that the most vulnerable point in the rebellion 
was slavery, and that if we would crush the rebellion, we 
must strike at, and crush slavery, he did not hesitate to favor 
this policy both by the general government, and by his own 
State. A year ago, he favored the constitutional amendment 
lately passed, abolishing slavery throughout the States, and 
was the earnest friend of immediate emancipation in Mary- 
land, voting himself for the free constitution and urging 
others to unite with him in its support." 

In the address of Mr. Creswell, of Maryland, was the fol- 
lowing tribute: "Notwithstanding the many disadvantages 
under which he labored, it is safe to say, that no man exerted 
a greater influence on the politics of Maryland, or has accom- 
plished more for the good of his state and fellow-citizens, 
in his day and generation than he. He chose his party be- 
cause of his approval of the principles which he proclaimed 
and then gave it his entire and cordial support. A disciple 
of Henry Clay, he accepted the teachings of the 'Sage of 
Ashland' as the axioms of his political creed. He was first 
a Democrat of the old school, then a Whig, then an Ameri- 
can, and on the formation of the Union party he threw his 
whole soul into that movement and labored unceasingly to 
promote its success. To all the parties to which he was suc- 
cessively attached he rendered the most important services. 
He w^as always looked up tO' as a leader." 



3l6 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The City Council of Baltimore passed appropriate resolu- 
tions which were printed, together with the address of Sam- 
uel T. Hall, who alluded eloquently to the patriotic spirit of 
the Governor, his affection for State and nation. Suitable 
resolutions were also passed by the General Assembly of 
Maryland, before which body Mr. Carroll bore witness to the 
worth of the Governor's character. Among other things he 
said : 

"The outbreak of the present rebellion found him in the 
gubernatorial chair of the State. Then it was that the char- 
acter of the man was fully developed. Then it was that his 
incorruptible integrity, his devoted patriotism and his lofty 
courage were subjected tO' the most severe tests. But no 
persuasion, however winning, no entreaties, however earnest, 
no threats however violent, could divert him from the path 
of his duty to> his country. There he stood, faithful among 
the faithless. And while one after another of the Border 
States were driven into the whirlpool of secession and ruii, 
Maryland alone stood firm and unshaken amid the storms 
that assailed her, with the nation's flag still floating over 
her, and vowed her determination to stand under and by it. 
The immense results which hung upon his decision and bear- 
ing in this fearful crisis, results affecting not Maryland 
merely but the destiny of the whole nation, it is impossible, 
even now, sir, properly to estimate. When the passions and 
prejudices and jealousies of the hour shall have passed away, 
when the actions of men can be viewed in the calm, steady, 
truthful light of history, among the names posterity will 
delight to^ honor and cherish, few will be remembered with 
more gratitude than that of Governor Hicks." 

The passing away of Governor Hicks was peaceful. He 
suffered an attack of paralysis Friday, February lo, and three 
days later the end came. On Saturday afternoon President 
Lincoln having heard of his serious illness, visited him and 
spent some time at his bedside. Many members of the Sen- 
ate and Congress also' visited him. He was a member of 
the Methodist Church, and during his last hours was attended 



THE HICKS 317 

by Rev. B. H. Nadal, D.D., of Wesley Chapel. The latter 
g-entleman, after talking toi the dying man for some time, 
asked him if he was aware that his earthly career was about 
to close, and if so, to raise his hand. The hand at once went 
up. Again the minister asked : "If you rest upon Christ 
as our Saviour raise your hand." The hand was lifted once 
more and waved back and forth, as if in holy triumph. In 
half an hour from that time he became unconscious, and in a 
few hours his spirit passed tO' the God who gave it. 

The funeral services were of a dignified character, appro- 
priate to the occasion. The procession included the Gover- 
nor of Maryland, the Mayor of Baltimore and the City Coun- 
cil, Senators and Congressmen, the President of the United 
States, heads of departments, the diplomatic corps, Judges 
of the United States, officers of the Executive Departments, 
officers of the Army and Navy, Mayor of Washington, and 
others equally prominent in public life. The coffin was borne 
into the Senate Chamber, where a large audience assembled, 
listened in profound silence to the eloquent address of Dr. 
Nadal, who chose for his theme, "And the king said unto 
his servant, know ye not that there is a prince and a great 
man fallen this day in Israel?" The remains were interred 
for a time in the Congressional Cemetery, and thereafter 
removed to Dorchester County. 

The first wife of Governor Hicks was Anne Thompson, 
by whom several children were born, of whom two daugh- 
ters lived tO' womanhood. Sallie A. Hicks married Rev. 
Henry Colclazer; she died at the age of 29 years, leaving 
three children, viz: Mrs. Annie H. Truss of Philadelphia; 
Henry Colclazer of Kansas and Etta M. Colclazer of Phila- 
delphia. The second daughter of Governor Hicks, Henri- 
etta Maria, died at the age of 25 years. The second wife, 
Leah A. Raleigh, left two children, viz : Thomas P. Hicks 
who died at the age of 21 years, and Nannie Hicks, who mar- 
ried Dr. George L. Hicks, to whom four sons were born, viz : 
Thomas Holliday Hicks, who is a paymaster in the U. S. 
Navy; Major GeoTge Luther Hicks, who is a surgeon in 



31 8 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

the U. S. Army Volunteers in the Philippine Islands (was 
appointed First Lieutenant in the Regular Army, by Presi- 
dent Roosevelt, in April, 1902); Dr. Fessenden Fairfax Hicks, 
a dentist in Cambridge, Md., and Chaplain Galloway Hicks, a 
boy at home. 

By Jane Wilcox he had a number of children, one of whom 
lived to manhood, viz : B. Chaplain Hicks, a bookkeeper in 
the Savings Bank of Baltimore, Md. He died at the age of 
39 years. The visitor to Cambridge always notices with in- 
terest the statue in the cemetery which is a fitting memorial 
of Governor Hicks. However, the best memorial to his 
memory is in the hearts of his associates, some of wdiom still 
survive, and in the affection of the generation now prominent 
on the scene of action. 



THE HOOPER FAMILY. 

From Henry Hooper and Sarah, his wife, and son, Henry, 
Jr., who came into the Province of Maryland from England 
in 1 65 1, and first settled in Calvert County, a lineage of 
numerous family branches have descended of prominent and 
useful people that represent to-day, by name and blood rela- 
tion, one of the largest families in the State. 

About 1667 Henry Hooper and his family made Dorches- 
ter County their permanent home. On December 20, of 
that year, 100 acres of land was surveyed for Henry Hooper 
on Hooper's Island, near Hungar River. Subsequently, he 
and his son, Henry (2), acquired by certificates and grants, 
many tracts of land in different parts of the county amount- 
ing tO' thousands of acres. (See Land Record.) Henry 
Hooper (i) died in 1676, proven by his will. 

In 1684 Henry Hooper (2) lived on Hooper's Island, 
proven by a witness before a council held at St. Mary's on 
February 27, making inquiry about the escape of Col. George 
Talbot, a prisoner in Virginia, who was by strategy taken 
from Gloucester County Jail February 10, 1684, by Madam 
Talbot, his wife, and her Irish servants. Roger Skreene, 




MONUMENT OF GOV. THOMAS HOLLIDAY HICKS. CAMBRIDGE CEMETERY. 



THE HOOPERS 



319 



who was one of the crew on Madam Talbot's boat on which 
she went to Virginia, was one of the accused at court. He 
there testified that on their way up the Bay they stopped 
at Mr. Henry Hooper's, on Hooper's Island. Madam Tal- 
bot, with three of her crew and the witness went ashore to 
Mr. Henry Hooper's, where they got two pones of bread. 
The Dorchester County Rent Rolls show that Henry 




Iboopct Brms. 



Hooper, Jr. (2) had surveyed "Hooper's Chance," 250 acres, 
January 18, 1669, and "Hooper's Lot," 350 acres, September 
15, 1669, on Chickanocomico Creek, for himself, and also 
"Increase of the Homes," 100 acres, "August 12, 1669, for 
Henry Hooper, Jr., on Hooper's Island, in possession of 
Henry Hooper," evidently his father. 

In the following data of the Hooper family, obtained in 
part from James S. Shepherd, Chief Deputy of Dorchester 



320 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

County Court, and from records elsewhere, the facts clearly 
show that from Henry Hooper (2), who had two wives, first, 

Elizabeth Denw'Ood; second, Mary , probably the sister 

of Joseph Ennalls, who married Dr. John Brooke's daugh- 
ter, all the Hoopers (of the white race) in Dorchester County 
descended. The land records of the county and wills made by 
members of the family are strong evidence of their relation- 
ship. They began to trade tracts of land with each other as 
early as 1 712. In that year Henry Hooper, Jr. (3) gave a 
part of twO' tracts lying on Chickanocomico River, called 
"Hooper's Lot" and ''Hooper's Fortune," to his father, Henry 
Hooper, Sr. (2) for a tract lying on the western side of Trans- 
quaking River, containing 300 acres, called "Porpeigham." 
In this land trade, Henry Hooper, Jr. (3) reserved a part of 
"Hooper's Lot" and also owned a tract on Chickanocomico 
River, called "Hooper's Chance," surveyed January 18, 1669, 
containing 250 acres, for Henry Hooper. In 1739, March 5, 
Llenry Hooper, Jr. (3) traded a part of "Hooper's Chance" 
and "Hooper's Fortune" (a part of which he reserved when 
trading with his father in 1712), with Ann Ennalls, who 
accepted these tracts and gave in exchange a tract called 
"Nansemum," on Secretary Creek, containing 500 acres, 
which he embodied in Warwick Fort Manor, that year with 
numerous other tracts. On February 18, 1739, he gave 
Porpeigham (which he traded for with his father) to. Samuel 
Hooper for his interest in "Hooper's Lot" and "Hooper's 
Fortune," lands in which both had interests by inheritance 
from their ancestor, Henry Hooper (2), who died in 1720. 

{Genealogical Data from J. S. 5".) 

Henry Hooper (i) came to Maryland in 165 1 and settled 
on the Patuxent River in what is now Calvert County; 15th 
July, 1 65 1, he enters rights for himself, Sarah, his wife, Eliz- 
abeth, Richard and Robert Hooper, his children, and Sarah 
Watson, John Taylor and Robert Stiles, "this present year" 



THE HOOPERS 321 

(Land Office, Lib. A. B. H., fol. 140). He was Justice of 
Calvert County in 1658 (Lib. S, fol. 139), and was commis- 
sioned Captain of the Calvert Militia, 3d June, 1658 (Md. 
Archives, iii, 344-347). Later he removed to Dorchester 
County, where he took up land as early as 1668 (Dorchester 
Rent Roll). 15th May, 1676, Henry Hooper (2), sole sur- 
viving son of Henry Hooper (i), late of Dorchester County, 
deceased, was granted administration on the estate of his 
said father, and Wm. Hill and John Cooper were appointed 
appraisers of the deceased's estate in Calvert, while Joseph 
Hanaway and Lewis Griffin were named appraisers for such 
portion of the estate as lay in Dorchester County (Test. 
Proc. Lib. 8, fol. 68-69). Capt. Henry Hooper and Sarah, 
his wife, had issue: 

1. Richard Hooper, died 1673, in Calvert County. By 
Mary, his wife (who married, secondly, Capt. Thos. Clagett), 
he left two daughters, Sarah and Eleanor. 

2. Henry Hooper (2), of Dorchester County, of whom 
further. 

3. Sarah Hooper. 

4. Elizabeth Hooper. 

Henry Hooper (2), son of Henry and Sarah, came to 
Maryland with his parents in 165 1. In a deposition made in 
1706 (Dorchester Co. Rec, Lib. 2, fol. 153) he gives his age 
as 63 years. He was born, therefore, in 1643, ^^^ was almost 
eight years old at the time of his arrival. He settled in 
Dorchester County, where the Rent Roll shows that he pos- 
sessed a considerable landed estate. He was one of the Jus- 
tices of Dorchester County in 1669, '71, '74, '76, '79, '80, 
'85, '89 (Lib. R.R.; Lib. CD, fol. 431; Md. Archives, v, 52; 
xiii, 244; XV, 38, 69, 131, 326), and was Presiding Justice 
in 1694 (Lib. HD, No. 2). He also represented the county in 
the House of Burgesses in 1694 ("Old Kent," 380). Henry 
Hooper (2) was twice married, and his first wife was from 
Somerset County. The records of that county show that on 
the /jth of July. 1669, Henry Hooper (2) and Elizabeth Den- 
wood were married by Capt. William Thorne, "one of his 

21 



322 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Lordship's Justices for this county." This lady was the 
daughter of Levin Denwood and sister of Mrs. Roger Wool- 
ford. They had issue, with perhaps others : 

T. Richard Hooper, married Anne, daughter of Wil- 
liam and Elizabeth (Winslow) Dorrington. He died before 
his father, leaving a son, Henry. 

2. Mary Hooper, born 1674; married Henry Ennalls, 
March 31, 1695; died 27th July, 1745; was buried at "Eldon." 

3. Elizabeth Hooper, married Matthew Travers. 

The second wife of Henry Hooper (2) was named Mary, 
but it is uncertain who she was. In a power of attorney, 7th 
November, 1693, she calls Capt. Thomas Ennalls her brother 
(Dorchester Co. Rec, Lib. S, old fol. 39-40), but she was cer- 
tainly not his own sister (see Ennalls family). The names 
of her children point to a connection with the Woolford 
family, but here again the evidence is insufficient to warrant 
any positive statement. At any rate, Henry Hooper (2) and 
Mary, his wife, had the following children : 

1. Henry Hooper (3), member of Council and Chief Jus- 
tice of the Provincial Court of Maryland. Died 20th April, 
1767, aged 80; left issue. 

2. Thomas Hooper, left issue. 

3. John Hooper, died 1754; left issue. 

4. Roger Hooper, married Hicks. 

5. James Hooper, born 1703; died 1789; of whom fur- 
ther. 

6. Anne Hooper, married John Bronie, of Calvert County. 
(This daughter may have been by the first wife.) 

7. Mary Hooper, married Hicks. 

8. Rosanna Hooper, married Hodson. 

9. Sarah Hooper, married Heyward. 

10. Rebecca Hooper, married Hodson. 

11. Priscilla Hooper, married John Stevens. 

Henry Hooper (2) died in 1720, and his widow, Mary, in 
1740. 

James Hooper, son of Henry and Mary, was born 3d Octo- 
ber, 1703, and died 3d November, 1789. His wife's name 



THE HOOPERS 323 

was Mary. Besides his son John, he had a son, Samuel 
Hooper, to whom he conveyed some land in Dorchester 
County, 30th September, 1785 (Dorchester Co. Rec, Lib. 
N. H., No. 5, fol. 216). For the Hne of descent from him, 
see genealogy. 

""The loss of the early wills of Dorchester County makes 
it impossible to supply this part of the genealogy from record 
sources. Prior to 1777, dupHcate copies of the wills are 
preserved at Annapolis. 

NOTES. 

Henry Hooper (2), of Dorchester County, will dated 27th 
March, proved 30th August, 1720. Leaves tO' eldest son, 
Henry, land in Dorchester and Calvert Counties, which latter 
"my father, Henry Hooper, formerly lived on;" mentions 
sons Thomas and John, son-in-law Matthew Travers, son 
James Hooper, son Roger Hooper, grandson Henry Hooper, 
son of Richard, deceased; wife Mary, daughters Mary En- 
nalls, Elizabeth Travers, Anne Brome, Mary Hicks, Susanna 
Hodson and Sarah Hayward, daughters Rebecca and Pris- 
cilla Hooper, grandson Henry Hooper, son of Henry; wife 
Mary, executrix, and friends and relatives, Col. Roger Wool- 
ford and Maj. Henry Ennalls to assist her, 

Mary Hooper, of Dorchester County, will dated 21st June, 
proved 22d September, 1740, mentions sons Henry, James 
and John Hooper. To Henry, Thomas and James Hooper, 
sons of my son, Thomas Hooper, negro woman Fanny, &c., 
now in possession of their father-in-law (/. e., stepfather), 
Thos. Cannon, son Roger Hooper tO' pay his sister, Sarah 
Hayward, 10 pounds currency, and the same sum to his six 
sisters, Elizabeth Travers, Anne Brome, Mary Hicks, Ros- 
anna Hodson, Rebecca Hodson and Priscilla Stevens, 
bequest to granddaughter, Mary Hooper, daughter of 
Thomas, son Roger Hooper, executor, (Annapolis, Wills, 
Lib. 22, fol. 248.) 

30th September, 1785, James Hooper, of Dorchester 
County, Gent., to his son, Samuel Hooper, four tracts, viz: 



324 HISTORY OF .DORCHESTER COUNTY 

(fl) Whinfill, 200 a., on Taylor's Island; (b) Hooper's Defi- 
ance, 167 a.; (e) Woolford's Beginning, 206^ a., purchased 
of Levin Woolford; (d) The White Marsh, 35 a., all in Dor- 
chester County. (Dorchester Co. Rec, Lib. N. H., No. 5, 
fol. 216.) 

Henry Hooper (3), previously mentioned, the first son of 
Henry Hooper (2), was born in 1687, and died April 20, 1767, 
at the age of eighty years. He was a man of large influ- 
ence and became the owner of much land, some of which 
his father left him by will. In 1720 he purchased of Major 
Nicholas Sewall a tract of land, "My Lady Sewall's Manor," 
called "Warwick," on Secretary Creek (now know as War- 
wick River), containing 1243 acres, for two hundred and 
fifty pounds sterling. In 1739 he had "Warwick" and several 
other adjacent tracts resurveyed and embodied into one tract 
which he named "Warwick Fort Manor," that contained 2342 
acres. His son, Henry Hooper (4), who became the owner of 
"Warwick Fort Manor," was an influential patriot and was a 
delegate to several conventions of the Province of Maryland, 
held in 1775 and 1776, for putting the colony in a state of 
military defence. In 1776 Colonel Hooper was appointed 
Brigadier-General of the Militia, in the lower district of the 
Eastern Shore. (See Revolutionary Period, in this volume.) 

About 1735 Col. Henry Hooper (4) married Anne Ennalls, 
daughter of Wm. Ennalls and Ann Smith, his wife. 

The children of Colonel Hooper, later known as Brig.- 
Gen. Henry Hooper (4), were: 

1. William Hooper, M.D., who married Sarah Ridge- 
way, in 1 77 1, of Talbot County, a descendant of the Bozman 
family. 

2. Henry Hooper, Jr. (5). The last Hooper who owned 
"Warwick," which he sold, in parcels, as follows: 300 acres 
for $2700 to Joseph E. Sulivane, July 21, 1812; 120 acres for 
$1880 to William Gist, November 26, 1813; 1300 acres for 
$15,000 to John Mitchell, January i, 18 16. 

3. John Hooper, ofificially known as Major John Plooper 
during and after the Revolution of 1776, of whom further. 




WARWICK FORT MANOR HOUSE, SECRETARY CREEK. 



THE HOOPERS 325 

4. Mary, married, in 1804, Denwood Hicks. 

5. Sally, no record. , 

6. Anne Elizabeth, married Wm. Barrow. 
Descendants of Dr. William Hooper and Sarah Ridgeway 

Hooper were : 

1. Anne, who married Joseph Sulivane. 

2. Sally Ennalls, married John W. Henry, in 181 1. She 
was called the "Maid of the Oaks." 

3. Henry, no record. 

The children of Henry Hooper, Jr., and Mary Price, his 
first wife, were : 

1. William, who went to Utah Territory and was elected 
U. S. Senator from there. He amassed a great fortune in 
Utah, but never was a Mormon. He left children, one 
daughter married the son of Brigham Young. 

2. Annie, married Dr. Robertson, of Somerset County. 

3. Elizabeth, no reco'"d. 

By the second wife of Henry Hooper, Jr., Mary Ennalls:^ 
I. Anne was born, who married John Craig, in 1809, 

whose mother was Betsey Ennalls, daughter of Wm. Ennalls, 

son of Bartholomew Ennalls (2), and Elizabeth Trippe, 

his wife. 

The children of Major John Hooper and Ehzabeth E. Scott 

Hooper, his wife, were: 

1. Mary E., who married Benjamin W. LeCompte, a 
lawyer in Cambridge. 

2. Anne, married Henry Dickenson, a Justice of the 
Peace in Cambridge; had no children. 

3. Sarah Ennalls, married Thos. I. H. Eccleston, son of 
John Firmin Eccleston and Milcah Airey Eccleston, his wife. 



^ Mary Ennalls Hooper, widow of Henry Hooper, Jr., married a second 
time, a widower named Ennalls, whose daughter by his first wife was the 
first wife of John Craig and the mother of Wm. Pinkney Craig and John 
Adams Craig, M.D. 



326 HISTORY OF .DORCHESTER COUNTY 

4. Eliza, no record. 

5. William, Ennalls, married Eliza Scott Pitt, daughter 
of Samuel Wilson Pitt and Mary (Scott) Pitt, his wife. Wil- 
liam E. Hooper died June 25, 1850. 

6. John, M.D., married Anne Birkhead, daughter of 
James Birkhead and Elizabeth Sulivane, his wife, who was 
a daughter of Daniel Sulivane and Susan Orrick, his wife. 

7. Joseph E., married Miss Hodson, had one daughter, 
EHzabeth, who married Col. John Hodson. She died in the 
year 1900. 

The children of William Ennalls Hooper and Eliza Scott 
Pitt, his wife, were: 

1. John Pitt, married Maria L. White. 

2. Joseph Henry, married Louisa Steele. 

3. Wilhelmina, married Dr. Thomas Chase, of Annapo- 
lis, Surgeon U. S. Army. 

4. William, died young. 

Children of Dr. John Hooper and Anne Birkhead, his 
wife, were : 

1. Sarah Ennalls, married William Grason, son of ex- 
Governor Grason, of Queen Anne's County, whose wife was 
Susan Orrick Sulivane. 

2. Annie, married Rev. Theodore P. Barber, D.D., 
Rector of Christ P. E. Church, Cambridge, Md., for forty- 
three years. 

3. Elizabeth, "Betty," married Dr. Thos. H. Williams, 
formerly Surgeon in the U. S. Army. He resigned in 1861, 
and was appointed Assistant Surgeon-General in the C. S. A. 

4. John H., married Margaret Richmond, nee John- 
stone, of Virginia. Died in Chicago. 

Benjamin Woodward LeCompte married Mary Ennalls 
Hooper, eldest daughter of Major John Hooper and Eliza- 
beth E. Scott Hooper, his wife, January 18, 18 10. Their 
children were : 



THE HOOPERS 327 

Mary E. LeCompte, who married John P. Hooper, son of 
James Hooper, and Mary Woolford Hooper, his wife, who 
was the sister of Col. Stephen Woolford. 

Of Emily, Gaston and James LeCompte no record in 
hand. 

John P. Hooper and Mary E. LeCompte Hooper,^ his wife, 
were the parents of Jeremiah P. Hooper, the eldest son, now 
living in Baltimore. By his mother he is a lineal descendant 
of Gen. Henry Hooper, of Revolutionary fame. He mar- 
ried Miss Alice Eugenia Drake, a lineal descendant of John 
Drake, of Exmouth, England. 



Iln fIDemoriam. 



/iDar^ IB, Ibooper. 

On Monday afternoon, February 26, 1877, Mary 
E. Hooper, in the 67th year of her age, relict of the 
late John P. Hooper, and daugfhter of the late Benja- 
min W. LeCompte, of Cambridge, Md. 

She passed away, as sunbeams die, 
From the amber clouds of a summer sky — 
As music dies from a trembling string, 
With the last sad note which loved ones sing, 
A morning dew from an opening flower, 
Passes away o'er the noontide hour; 
Yet for her there is a light that will ever be day, 
A music whose sweetness will not die away; 
And to those who are weeping a hope is yet given, 
For the dew-drop of earth is the rainbow of heaven. 
Baltimore, Md. Jeremiah P. Hooper. 



* Mary E. Hooper died February 26, 1877, in the sixty-seventh year of 
her age. 



328 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Mary Priscilla, the eldest daughter, married Wm. Wihnot 
Hall, whose children were Lizzie Wilmot, who died single, 
and Mary Wharton, who married Wm. H. Bryan. She died 
some years ago. 

James Benjamin Hooper, the second son, married, first, 
Marietta Greenwell, of Leonardtown, Md. His second wife 
was Elenora Nuthall; had no children. Both deceased. 

Emily Ann Hooper, the second daughter, married Nich- 
olas Merryman Bosley, of Taylor's Island. Both lately 
deceased. She died August 24, 1902. Left three children, 
Mary Rebecca, Emily Ann and John Patterson Hooper 
Bosley. 

Margaret LeCompte Hooper, the third daughter, married 
William Winder Edmondson, Sr. They have four sons, 
Joseph Airey Edmondson, William Winder, Jr., John Hooper 
and Frank Gordon Edmondson. 

Henry Hooper, the fourth son, married Susie Hinds; had 
descendants James LeCompte Hooper, M.D., and others. 

Samuel Hooper, the fifth son, and Sarah Elizabeth Hooper 
both died single. 

William Gaston Hooper, the youngest son, married Miss 
Julia Plascette Pennington, daughter of Col. Ross T. Pen- 
nington. 

The prominence of James Hooper, brother of Henry 

Hooper, the first owner of "Warwick Fort Manor," and 

Henry Hooper, Q. S., and Samuel Hooper, his brother, is 

.better explained by reference to their wills. 

/ James Hooper, fifth son of Henry Hooper (2), born Octo- 

I ber 3, 1703; died November 3, 1789; in his will, probated 

[ March 10, 1789, mentions the following children and grand- 

V-children : 

Thomas Hooper, grandson, son of James, Jr., gives land, 
part of "Hooper's Conclusion," on Taylor's Island, and 
"Hooper's Pasture." 

James Hooper, grandson, son of John, part of "Hooper's 
Conclusion," on Long Point, Slaughter Creek, and negro 
woman "Tamar." 



THE HOOPERS 329 

Thomas Hooper, son. also a part of "Hooper's Conclu- 
sion" and negro man "Ceasar." 

John Hooper, son, "all the rest of my lands not disposed 
of, also some negroes." 

Henry Hooper, Q. S., son, "I give and bequeath unto my 
son, Henry Hooper, Q.. S., 5 shillings sterling, to be in full 
for his portion of my estate." 

Samuel Hooper, ■Son, a negro and silver cup. 

Thomas Hooper, grandson, son of John, a negro. 

Nancy Hooper (Noble), daughter, a negro. 

Other be^'quests as follows: "All of my silver plate to my 
three soiis, Thomas, John and Samuel. 

"AlV of my horses and cattle to my two sons, Thomas and 
Henvy, item. 

* All the rest of my personal estate I give and bequeath unto 
my following children, viz : 

"Thomas, John and Samuel Hooper, Elizabeth Edmond- 
oon, Sarah Pattison, Priscilla Woodward and Mary Noble, to 
* be equally divided among them." 

James Hooper, above-named, married Mary Woolford, 
sister of Col. Stephen Woolford, 

"Henry Hooper, O. S., son of James and Mary Woolford 
Hooper, named in his father's will to receive 5 shillings 
sterling, also made a will, proved October 30, 1799, to dispose 
of his large estate. He gave to his wife, Betty Hooper, dur- 
ing her life, one of his dwelling plantations, 'Porpeigham,' 
300 acres, 'Addition to Outlet Pasture,' 230 acres, and 5000 
pounds sterling out of the debts due and owing unto me upon 
lands; all of my household furniture, plate, negroes and 
everything else of my personal estate except the remainder 
of the debts due and owing me. * * * His wife was 
appointed sole executor and to take out letters, 'ad colligan- 
dum, bona defuncti' for recovering the debts, but that there 
be no appraisement or no inventory taken of my estate, nor 
my executrix shall not be obliged to give bond or take any 
oath to render any accounts." 



330 HISTORY OF .DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The will in full made by Samuel Hooper, March 27, 1806, 

hereunder follows : 

! 

SAMUEL HOOPER'S LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT. 

In the name of God, Amen. 

I, Samuel Hooper, of Dorchester County, in the State of 
Maryland, Being very sick and low in heaK<".h, but of sound 
and disposing mind, memory and understanding^ and consid- 
ering the certainty of death and the uncertainty ipf the time 
thereof, and being desirous to settle my worldly affaJ^s^ ^^^ 
therefore be the better prepared to leave this world wl'^en it 
shall please God to call me hence, Do therefore make and p'ub- 
lish this my last will and testament, in manner and form l>ol- 
lowing : That is to say I give and devise unto my so ^ 
Henry Hooper, his heirs and assigns forever, a tract of land, 
"Porpeigham," containing 300 acres, and part of a tract of 
land called "Addition to Outlet," which said lands were 
devised to me by my brother Henry Hooper, O. S. And 
also a tract of land, Belvoir, which I purchased of Levin 
Keene, also the house and lot whereon Mrs. Annie Golds- 
borough now lives, which I Purchased of Robert Muir, 
all of which lands I have heretofore deeded to him, my 
said son Henry. Also all other tracts or parts of tracts 
which I now own, lying and being on the west side of Trans- 
quaking River, let them be called by whatever names or 
name they may, except lots and houses in Cambridge. 
But I do give and devise the lands aforesaid on condi- 
tion that my said son shall within one year after he 
arrives to a lawful age execute and convey all his right 
and title to the lands which I have sold to Isaac Creigh- 
ton, his heirs and assigns forever, as will appear by the bond 
of conveyance given by me. And in case my said son shall 
not comply with the conditions, then, and in this case I 
give and devise all the lands aforesaid devised to him, to 
my daughter, Elizabeth A. Hooper, her heirs and assigns for- 



THE HOOPERS 331 

ever. I also give and bequeath unto my said son Henry- 
Hooper, my Bookcase, Desk, Watch and Gold Sleeve But- 
tons. I give and devise unto Mary Hooper, my daughter, 
her heirs and assigns forever, a tract of land called "Beaver 
Dam Range," and part of a tract called "Addition to Fort 
Neck," which I purchased of William Ennalls. Also the 
house and lot of land which I purchased of Francis Gist in the 
town of Cambridge, Md. All of which lands I have hereto- 
fore devised to my said daughter Mary Hooper. Also all the 
lands and tenements near Middletown, which I purchased 
of William Whittington, William Tucker, Thomas Locker- 
man, and the vacancy which I have taken up and added 
to the said lands. And also all the lands which I pur- 
chased of David Shipley and his wife. But I do thereby 
give and devise the land aforesaid to my said daughter 
on condition that my said daughter shall within one year 
after she arrives at lawful age for that purpose convey 
by deed all her right and title to the lands which I 
have sold to Isaac Creighton, aforesaid, his heirs and 
assigns forever, as will appear by the bond of conveyance 
given him by me. And in case my said daughter shall not 
comply with this condition then, and in this case I give all 
the lands aforesaid so as aforesaid devised to her, to my said 
daughter, Elizabeth Ann Hooper, her heirs and assigns for- 
ever, all the lands and tenements which were conveyed to me 
by Archibald Moncreiff and also all the lands which I lately 
purchased of Lotty Ru. I also' give and bequeath to her 
one half dozen silver table spoons, and one half dozen tea 
spoons. 

I give and bequeath tO' my loving wife Sarah Hooper my 
carriage and horse called Bob. I give and bequeath after 
the payment of my debts legacies and my wife's thirds, all the 
residue of my estate, to be equally divided among my three 
children, Henry, Elizabeth Ann and Mary. And lastly do 
constitute and appoint my dear wife, Sarah Hooper to be 
executrix, and Arthur Whitely to be executor of this my 
last will and testament. 



332 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

In testimony whereof I have heretofore set my hand and 
seal, this 27th day of March, 1806, A. D. 

Samuel Hooper (Seal). 
Witnesses : 

Richard Pattison. 
Samuel Brown, 
John Mace. 
Probated April 8th, 1806. 

Recorded in the Office of the Register of Wills of Dor- 
chester County in Liber L. L. K., No. i, folio 44. 

This family of Hoopers, of whom only a few has been 
mentioned, is no relation to Mayor Hooper, of Baltimore, 
and his relatives, the Hoopers, extensive manufacturers of 
cotton duck. The first arrival of that family in Maryland 
came as a cabin boy on a merchant vessel from England. 

HOOPER FAMILY BRANCHES. 

Col. Moses LeCompte, married Elizabeth Wheeler, June 
II, 1782. 

Charles LeCompte, married Drucilla Travers, December 
19, 1790. 

Miss Annie LeCompte, married Henry Keene, July 23, 
1798. 

Miss Elizabeth LeCompte, married James Pattison, 
December 6, 1802. 

Miss Priscilla Hooper, married James Woolford, August 

8. 1783. 

Thomas Hooper, married Sarah Hooper, August 17, 1785. 

Thomas Hooper, married Mary Hooper, June 17, 1788. 

Betty Hooper, married Matthew Travers, January 7, 1796. 

James Hooper, married Priscilla Pattison, December 19, 
1798. 

James Hooper, married Mahala Travers, January 14, 1800. 



THE HOOPERS 333 

Mrs. Amelia Hooper, nee Barnes, married Jeremiah Pat- 
tison. May 28, 1800. 

William Hooper, married Priscilla Gadd, October 4, 1800. 

Thomas Hooper, married EHzabeth Smith, December 26, 
1801. 

John Hooper, married Mary McKeel, August 6, 1802. 

Jeremiah Pattison, married Nancy Barnes, December 9, 

1787. 

Richard Pattison,^ married Mary McKeel, March 4, 1788. 

Elizabeth Pattison, married Benjamin Woodward, Novem- 
ber 3, 1789. 

Thos. James Pattison, married Margaret Woodward, 
August 10, 1790. 

William Pattison, married Elizabeth Linthicum, January 
19, 1803. 

Mary Edmundson, married John Brohawn, September 13, 

1783- 

Pollard Edmundson, married Elizabeth Airey, March 26, 
1789. 

Mrs. Roxanna Edmundson, married James Smith, March 
5, 1792. (Grandparents of Dr. Benj. L. Smith, of Madison.) 

John Edmundson, married Sarah Mann, December 11, 
1794. 

Thomas Edmundson, married Sarah Smith, July 11, 1798. 

Joseph Edmundson, married Elizabeth Simmons, April 11, 
1799. 

James Hooper, of Hooper's Island, married Miss Ariana 
Lake, sister of George Lake, of Lake's District (see Lake 
family). They had eight children, viz : James, John, Henry, 
Thomas, Mary (Polly), Rebecca, Sarah (Sallie), and An'ana 
Hooper. 

James Hooper, son of James and Ariana (Lake) Hooper, 
married Mary (Polly) Harrington. Their children were : 



^ There were two Richard Pattisons on Taylor's Island at this time; 
one of them was "Squire Dickey;" the other came to Orchard Creek, 
Taylor's Island, Md., from Calvert County. 



334 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Mary E. (died in childhood from accident); sons, Samuel, 
James, John H., Stewart and Thomas H. Hooper. John H. 
Hooper, of this family, married his cousin, Mary A. Hooper. 
(They eloped.) 

John Hooper, son of James and Ariana (Lake) Hooper, 
married Miss Mary S. Tucker, daughter of Capt. Thomas 
Tucker, of Galesville, Md. John Hooper died on Hooper's 
Island in the sixty-third year of his age. His wife, Mary S. 
Tucker, was born September 17, 1790; died June 9, 1854. 

Of their twelve children — 

Thomas was born in 1808; died in 1868. He married Miss 
Eliza McNamara. They had eight children. The survivors 
are Maria Lake Hooper, who married Capt. Jno. W. Stewart; 
Captain Timothy A. Hooper, and Capt. Luther Hooper. 

John Hooper, son of John and Mary S. Tucker Hooper, 

born ; died September 21, 1840, married Miss Susan 

McNamara; had two^ sons, William and Charles Hooper. 
Susan McNamara Hooper (widow), married Capt. George 
Mister. 

Harriet Hooper, daughter of John and Mary S. Tucker 
Hooper, married William Andrews in ''Lakes." They had 
one daughter, Clara, who married Dr. Edward L. Johnson. 

Fannie Hooper, daughter of John and Mary S. Tucker 
Hooper, married Capt. Severn Mister. She was born March 
3, 1814; died November 3, 1902, in the eighty-ninth year 
of her age. Their children were Cornelia McNamara, widow 
of Jerome McNamara; Maria Frances Insley, wife of Rich- 
ard H. Insley; Ariana Insley, wife of Capt. Corbin Insley, 
and James E. Mister, of Baltimore, Md. 



THE KEENE FAMILY. 

{By Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson.) 

There is no name in the annals of Dorchester County more 
conspicuous for service in legislative hall and on the field than 
that of Keene. 



THE KEENES 



335 



The first of the family in Dorset was Capt. John Keene, 
of the Colonial Militia, who inherited from his father all his 
lands in Dorchester County. These included Keene's Neck, 
a tract of 250 acres on Hunger River, patented to Richard 
Keene, November 25, 1665; "Keene's Neglect," "Clark's 
Outhold" and other large tracts on Slaughter Creek, which 
have descended for many generations. 




•Kecnc Brms. 



Richard Keene, of "Richard's Manor," in Calvert County, 
emigrated to Maryland prior to 1637, from his home in 
Wordstown, Surrey, England. 

That he was a man of wealth and refinement the bequests 
of personal estate leaves no doubt. At a period when the 
colonist was deemed fortunate to possess the barest neces- 
sities we find Richard Keene (1672) devising six dozen nap- 
kins, dozens of pillow cases, table cloths, etc., 18 pewter 



336 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

dishes, 3 dozen pewter plates, 18 leather chairs, mahogany 
tables, great chests, bedroom furniture, silver plate in large 
quantity. In addition to these evidences of luxurious living, 
Richard Keene left many servants, both white and black, 
thousands of acres of land and thirty thousand pounds of 
tobacco, which, in that day, was the currency of the Province. 

Upon attaining his majority, the first of the Dorchester 
Keenes took up his residence in the county upon the lands 
devised to him by his father, from which time until the pres- 
ent the name has been prominent in the social and political 
history of the county. 

In the year 1712 Capt. John Keene, one of the military 
officers of Dorchester County, was also a Justice of the Peace, 
which, in that day, was a Judge of the County Court. 

As both the military and civil officers of the colony were 
by commission from the Lords Baltimore, much more im- 
portance attached to the appointments than in these days of 
political rivalry. 

In the year 1734 Benjamin Keene was also commissioned 
to be a Justice for Dorchester County, in which capacity he 
continued to serve for many years. 

In the Revolutionary War, the Keenes of Dorchester 
County figured conspicuously as officers and members of 
the Committee of Safety. 

Richard Keene, grandson of Richard, of Calvert County, 
married Susannah Pollard. They had nine sons and three 
daughters. Seven of the sons emigrated to Kentucky. These 
pioneer brothers settled in Scott County, where in an old 
cemetery they and many of their descendants lie buried. 
Three of the sons of Richard and Susannah took Holy Orders 
like their kinsman across the sea, Edward Keene, Lord 
Bishop of Ely and of Chester, and became clergymen in the 
Episcopal Church. 

These were William, John and Samuel, the latter remained 
in Maryland. He was ordained in Fulham Palace, London, 
in the year 1760, and later received the degree of D.D. from 



THE KEENES 337 

the Washington College, of which he was one of the Stand- 
ing Committee of Examiners. 

At one time the Rev. Samuel Keene was rector of St. 
Anne's Parish in Anne Arundel County, also of St. Luke's, 
of Queen Anne's County; St. John's, of Caroline and Queen* 5 
Anne's, and St. Michaels, of Talbot County. -i^^^t u- 'y\ f. !v 

Richard Raynal Keene, the talented young lawyerywliose .s ^ 
elopement with Eleanore Martin, the beautiful young daugh- '* 
ter of Luther Martin, the distinguished Baltimorej; .;\. t„ was 
the social sensation of the year 1802, was of this Eastern 
Shore family of Keenes. 

Among the children and grandchildren of the pioneer 
brothers of Kentucky were some talented men and charming 
women. 

Wm. B. Keene, son of Thomas and Mary Tubman, of 
Dorchester County, was the founder and orator of the Med- 
ical and Chirurgical Society of Baltimore in 1799. Subse- 
quently he rejoined his family in Kentucky and later, like 
many of his kinsmen, journeyed farther South. He died in 
Louisiana in 1857. 

Rev. John Keene, one of the pioneer brothers of Kentucky, 
a clergyman of the Episcopal Church, married Miss Young, 
of Maryland. Their son, Samuel Young Keene, surgeon 
in the Revolutionary Army, was born in Kentucky, where he 
married one of his Keene cousins. After her death he 
returned to Maryland and married Rebecca, daughter of 
Howes Goldsborough, and his cousin, Rebecca, granddaugh- 
ter of Judge Robert Goldsborough, of Cambridge, Md. 

Their children were John Henry Keene, the distinguished 
Baltimore lawyer and author, and a daughter, Mary Ann 
Keene. 

John Henry Keene, late of Lauraville, Baltimore County, 
married Sarah Dorsey Lawrence, daughter of Capt. Levin 
Lawrence, of the Flying Camp of the Revolutionary Army, 
and Sarah Dorsey, daughter of "Wild Caleb" Dorsey. 

Their children are John Henry Keene, a prominent lawyer 
of Baltimore; Mrs. W. Pinkney Craig, Miss Mary Hollings- 

22 



338 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

worth Craig, and Miss Laura Eleanora Keene, of Govans- 
town, Baltimore County. 

Mary Ann Keene married John Hollingsworth, son of 
Judge Zebulon Hollingsworth, of Maryland. 

The venerable Samuel Young Keene, of Georgetown, 
Ky., is the most direct descendant of the pioneer Kentucky 
Keene settlers who went from Maryland nearly two hundred 
years ago. 

Mr. John Henry Keene, of Baltimore, is the last male 
descendant of his father's line, but in Dorchester County 
there are a number of famihes which still bear the proud old 
name, while other families identified with the early history 
of the State are lineal descendants of the colonial Keenes 
through the daughters. This is true of the Goldsboroughs, 
Dorseys and other Dorchester County families. 

The Kentucky Keenes intermarried with the Crittendens, 
Fauntleroys, Theobalds, Buckners, Sayres, Johnsons, Will- 
motts. Conns and Warrens. 

An interesting and highly-prized coat-of-arms has de- 
scended in several branches of the Keene family. Recently 
an old silver coffeepot of colonial design was accidentally 
found in an old antique shop with the Keene arms on one side 
and a Keene monogram on the other. Unfortunately, a 
stranger secured this interesting and valuable heirloom 
before one of the family could rescue it. 

THE KIRWAN FAMILY. 

SOLOMON F. KIRWAN. 

The first settlers of the family of Kirwans who came to 
Maryland about 1650 were three brothers, John, Thomas and 
David, who came from England and first located in Somerset 
County, near Dame's Quarter. A short time thereafter, 
John, the great-great-grandfather of Solomon F. Kirwan, 
came over to Dorchester and settled near Pritchett's Cross- 
roads, in that part of the county now called Lakes district. 
He had several sons, Peter, John and Thomas. Descendants 
of John and Thomas now five in Lakes. 



THE KIRVVANS 339 

Peter Kirwan, grandfather of Solomon F. Kirwan, set- 
tled in a locality in Lakes, now called Kirwan's Neck, on the 
premises now the home of Capt. S. A. Tyler. He married 
a Miss Taylor, by whom he had six sons, John, Peter, Daniel, 
Thomas, Solomon and Mathias. By his second wife, who 
was a Miss Keene, he had one son, Zebulon. 

He was interested in maritine pursuits as well as in farm- 
ing. He built a large sea-going vessel named the "Mason" 
about 1788, on World's End Creek, where there was a public 
landing and shipyard for many years. Hand-sawed timber 
was the staple commodity of that section in those days. At 
his death his son Solomon became the owner of the home- 
stead, which, at his death, became the property of his son, 
Solomon F. Kirwan. 

Solomon Kirwan, son of Peter and the father of our sub- 
ject, Solomon F. Kirwan, was a seafaring man for nearly 
half his life, in the coasting and West India trade. 

After he retired from the sea and settled on shore, he 
entered political life. He was Justice of the Peace for five 
years; elected Sheriff in 1817, and reelected in 1821; he 
was County Commissioner for four years. He died at the 
age of seventy-five years. 

Solomon F. Kirwan, son of the deceased, was born June 
10, 18 14, being now eighty-eight years of age. Like his 
father, when a young man, he embarked as a sailor on the 
sea for some years, but returned home and engaged in 
farming and the sailing vessel trade. Following in the polit- 
ical footsteps of his father, he was ten years a Justice of the 
Peace; four years a County Commissioner, and four years 
one of the Judges of the Orphans' Court. 

He married Susan Travers, daughter of Col. John Travers, 
of Hooper's Island. He is now retired from active busi- 
ness, but is enjoying good health where he now resides, at 
Lloyds, Dorchester County, Md. His children are William 
E. Kirwan, shipchandler in Baltimore; he married Annie 
Meekins, daughter of George H. Meekins, of Dorchester 



340 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

County; A. C. Kirwan, United States Shipping Commis- 
sioner at Baltimore, married Miss Koefoed, of Taylor's 
Island; John F. Kirwan, Captain of the steamer "Susque- 
hanna," who married Miss Edmonds, of Baltimore; Solomon 
F. Kirwan, Jr., merchant at Lloyds, married Miss Robinson, 
daughter of A. J. Robinson, of Dorchester County. 

The surviving daughters, Martina Kirwan, married S. 
Cowart, of Northumberland County, Va., and Sallie C. Kir- 
wan married H. H. Travers, of Dorchester County. 

Of the brothers of Peter Kirwan, John and Thomas, who 
settled near what is now called Lakesville, John was Ensign 
in Capt. Timothy McNamare's militia company, called 
"Friends to America," during the Revolutionary War. His 
son, John Kirwan, called Big John, died about 1856, he 
married Sallie Pritchett, daughter of Elijah and Rachael 
Pritchett; she died at Crapo, at the advanced age of 96 years, 
in 1880. Their children were Katie (who never married, 
died at the age of eighty-two years), John, Thomas William 
and Jane. John, now deceased, married Elizabeth Pritchett. 
daughter of Henry and Manie Pritchett. Their surviving 
children are Arthur J., Jennie (Kirwan) Foxwell, George E., 
Fannie (Kirwan) Hart and John S. Kirwan. 

Thomas Kirwan, now deceased, married three times; first, 
Sallie Evans, by whom were born two: children, Eliza (Kir- 
wan) Denny, deceased, and Thomas H. Kirwan, now living 
at Lakesville. His second wife was Mary Dean; left no sur- 
viving children; and his third wife was Nancy (Phillips) 
Wroten, widow. Their children are Martha (Kirvvan), 
Wheatley and Benj. F. Kirwan. 

William Kirwan married Elizabeth Jones, of Baltimore. 

Jane Kirwan married Alza Willey, who left one surviving 
daughter, Sarah E. Willey, wdio first married John Simmons, 
who died, leaving widow and three sons, viz: William H., 
James E. and Charles W. Simmons. Sarah E. Simmons, 
widow, married Capt. Henry Nicely, of Virginia, who was 
accidentally killed on a sail vessel in Chesapeake Bay. 



THE LAKES 341 

Thomas Kirwan, a brother of Peter and John, also Hved 
in Lakes; he married a Miss Wheatley; one of their children, 
John D. Kirwan, married Lavinaj Wingate, daughter of 
Pritchett Wingate. Their children were John S. Kirwan 
and Andrew Washington Kirwan. Capt. John S. Kirwan now 
resides in Baltimore, is engaged in the oyster trade and 
commission business. He married Mary A. Windsor, 
daughter of William and Elizabeth Windsor. Their chil- 
dren are William C. Kirwan, oyster and fruit commission 
merchant; he married Miss Lynch, of Baltimore. John E. 
Kirwan, oyster and West Lidia fruit merchant; married 
Miss Dora Stein, of Baltimore. Delia Kirwan, deceased, 
married Capt. Samuel Todd. Fannie G. married Capt. Sam. 
Smith, now deceased. Capt. Charles S. (single), engaged in 
the oyster and West India fruit trade. Mary Flora married 
Jacob Barnes. Capt. Fred. N. (single), engaged in the oys- 
ter and West India fruit trade. 

Andrew Washington Kirwan, brother of Capt. John S., 
was a volunteer in Company B, under Capt. John E. Graham, 
in the First Eastern Shore Regiment of Infantry, during the 
Civil War. He died soon after the close of the war. 

The Kirwans have universally borne an enviable reputation 
through successive generations as patriots, soldiers, mariners, 
merchants and in other business relations, wherever engaged. 

THE LAKE FAMILY. 

The Maryland branch of the Lake family, who left England 
on account of religious persecutions following the death of 
Charles I., have a family tradition that they descended 
from the old established family of that name in England, of 
which Edward Lake, LL.D., Chancellor of the Diocese of 
Lincoln, a devoted adherent of Charles I., for whom he fought 
at the battle of Naseby, and was there wounded sixteen times, 
was given by the King a coat-of-augmentation, and an addi- 
tional coat-of-arms. and was also made a baronet, with the 
privilege of naming his successor to the title. However, no 



342 



HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 



patent was taken out b}^ him before the time of his death in 
1674. He was succeeded by his grandnephew, Sir Bibye 
Lake, Sub-Governor of the African Company, who was also 
created a baronet, October 17, 171 1. (See coat-of-arms.) 

Some members of the Lake family are said toi have left 
Maryland and settled in Virginia and New Jersey, of whom 
descended Capt. George Blocker Lake, late of Edgefield, S. 
C., Thomas Harden Lake, of Mobile, Ala., and Mrs. Julia 
Lake Crawford, of New York. 




Xahe arms. 

The first of the name of Lake found of record in Maryland, 
is "Robert Lake," an inhabitant of the Isle of Kent, Planter, 
mentioned in Court proceedings February 12, 1637, as hav- 
ing been engaged in Claiboirne's Rebellion in 1635. He 
was then seventeen years of age as appears by his deposition 
February 22, 1639. There are also three emigrants named 
on Brewer's list of early settlers, 1634 to 1689, tO' wit: "John 
Lake, 1658," "George Lake, 1661," "John Lake, 1661." 
Various tracts of land were patented by the Lakes; Robert 
Lake, tract called "Luck," in 171 3; Rev. Charles Lake, tract 



THE LAKES 343 

called "Lake's Discovery," in 1742; Henry Lake, tract called 
"Lake's Enclosure," in 1749; Henry Lake, tract called 
"Lake's Hazard," in 1760; Henry Lake, tract called "Tar 
Kiln Ridge." 

Robert Lake's will proven August, 171 6, wife, Jane Lake, 
executrix. Henry Lake, Sr., will proven July 7, 1760; co 
his daughters, Sarah Lake and Arana Hooper, he bequeaths 
personal property, stock, etc. Had only one son, "Henry." 
Does not mention any land by patent name. He closes his 
bequest as follows : 

"I give and bequeath untO' Mary, my beloved wife, and 
my son, Henry Lake, my royell and parsinal estate during 
her life or widowhood which shall first happen, my parsinally 
estate tO' be equally divided between my wife and her son 
if ever she should marry, and if not, all to my son Henry after 
her death, to him and his heirs forever if he live the longest." 

By request of his mother to Mr. James Auld, commissary 
of Dorchester County, August 11, 1760, Henry Lake was 
appointed administrator. 

Rev. Charles Lake, Rector of St. James Parish and Royal 
Clerk Anne Arundel County, will proven August 15, 1764, 
leaves books, papers, etc., to the Rev. Samuel Keene and Mr. 
William Keene. His lands in Dorchester having been pre- 
viously sold. 

Henry Lake, only son of Henry Lake, Sr., was born 1739, 
died November 20, 1804, married Rhoda Jewett about 1762, 
commissioned Captain of a company, Dorchester County 
Militia in Col. Wm. Travers' Battalion, Brigadier-General 
Henry Hooper's Corps, May 16, 1776; recommissioned Cap- 
tain July, 1778. 

During the Revolutionary War a force of British led by 
some Tories came in a boat to Captain Lake's house for the 
purpose of arresting him and destroying his property. His 
daughter Lovey, a handsome and spirited girl, was sO' in- 
censed at the mistreatment of her father, and of herself in 
their trying to take the silver buckles off her shoes, be- 
came so defiant that she was pushed intO' a back room of the 



344 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

dwelling and so enraged the Tories that they set the house 
on fire. She succeeded in putting out the fire and escaping 
by a back window; running across the fields back of the 
house, she found some of her father's company who came to 
his rescue, and firing upon the British and Tories, drove them 
back to their boats without their prisoner. 

Captain Lake's wife, Rhoda, also resisted the arrest of her 
husband and took hold of him by the arm and said that he 
should not be taken prisoner. She held him so securely 
that a soldier in trying to force her to turn him loose, stuck 
a bayonet in her arm. (The foregoing is a tradition, authen- 
ticated by the older members of the family.) 

Capt. Henry Lake was appointed by Governor Smallwood, 
State's Judge or Justice of Dorchester County, qualified May 
6, 1786. He was appointed "High Sheriff" of the county, 
and qualified after executing a bond of Ten Thousand 
Pounds, current money, October 24, 1797. Capt. Henry 
Lake and wife, Rhoda, are buried in the Lake Homestead 
on Honga River, Lake's District. The inscription on his 
tomb is as follows: 

Here lieth the body of the once very ufeful 

HENRY LAKE 

A lover of juftice, Truth, and the Religion of Jefus Christ, 
who departed this life November 28th., 1804., about the 65th. 
year of his age. 

"The serpent need not gape for prey, 

Nor Death his Vict'ry boaft, 
For Jefus takes the fting away, 

And all their power is loft. 
Then let the Juft with Jefus lleep, 

In undisturbed repofe, 
And only lie thus buried deep, 

To rife as once he rofe." 

Capt. Henry Lake believed it to be unjust to hold servants 
in perpetual bondage, hence he manumitted several of his 
slaves before his death. 



THE LAKES 345 

QUALIFICATIONS OF HENRY LAKE-STATE'S JUDGE OR 

JUSTICE. 

Messrs. Benjamin Keene and Henry Lake, two' of the 
gentlemen nominated in the Commission of the Peace here- 
inafter recorded, came into Court and accepted the said 
appointment and were accordingly qualified as two of the 
Justides of the Peace in and for this county by taking, repeat- 
ing and subscribing to the Oath of Fidelity and support of 
the State of Maryland by repeating and subscribing the 
Declaration of their belief in the Christian Religion, and by 
taking and repeating the Oath of Judge or Justicte. 

Record — Minutes of Court of 1786, Tuesday, May 16. 
folio 32. 

State of Maryland, Dorchester County, Set: 

I, Charles Lake, Clerk of the Circuit Court for Dorches- 
ter County do> certify that the foregoing are truly copied 
fro'm the records of Dorchester County and now on file in 
this office. 

In Testimony Whereof, I hereunto^ subscribe my name 
and a.ffi.x the seal of the Circuit Court for Dorchester County, 
this seventeenth day of October, A. D. 1898. 

Charles Lake, Clerk. 

Lake's District appears to be the only district in Dorches- 
ter County bearing the name of an individual, that honor 
and distinction having been conferred upon the County's 
High Sheriff and "useful" citizen, Capt. Henry Lake. 

CHILDREN OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE AND WIFE RHODA. 

1. Henry, drowned at sea. 

2. Elizabeth, married Thomas Barnes. 

3. Mary, married Moses Barnes. 

4. Lavina (Lovey), married John Stewart McNamara.^ 



^John Stewart McNamara was an officer in the Revolutionary War. 
He was a man of means and influence and was bondsman for Capt. Henry 



346 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

5. William, married Elizabeth Hart, October 24, 1791. 

6. Levin, married, i, Mary Keene; 2, Maria Muir. 

7. George, married, Mary Boyne Slacombe^ (Slacum). 

8. Washington, married Margaret Slacum. 

CHILDREN OF JOHN STEWART McNAMARA AND WIFE, 
LOVEY (LAKE), DAUGHTER OF HENRY LAKE. 

1. William, married Partridge. 

2. Susan, married, i, John Hooper; 2, Capt. George Mis- 
ter. Beverly W. Mister, Esq., of Baltimore, is a descendant. 

3. Zippora, married John Hooper. 

4. Rhoda, married Slater Cowart. 

5. Henry L., born April 30, 1803; died, December 27, 
1844; married Harriett Lake. 



CHILDREN OF WILLIAM McNAMARA AND WIFE 
(PARTRIDGE). 



1. Sarah, married Benjamin F. Cator, of Baltimore, one of 
the founders of the firm of Armstrong, Cator & Co. 

2. Susan, married, i, Wilcox; 2, Gov. Holliday Hicks, 

of Maryland. 

SLACOMBE NOTES. 

Gabriel Slacom (Slacombe) was an officer of the crew of 
the Privateer "Sturdy Beggar," sailing under Letters of Mar- 
que, commissioned in 1776 and 1777. He was captured and 
imprisoned for several years in England; finally escaped to 
France and reached his home after an absence of seven years, 
broken in health from serious wounds received at the time 



Lake on bond for 10,000 Pounds, current money, as High Sheriff for 
Dorchester County in 1797. Colonel McNamara died July 8, 1823, in the 
68th year of his age. 

^ Mary Boyne Slacombe (Slacum) Lake was the daughter of Gabriel 
Slacum, of Maryland, and Catherine Boyne, his wife, daughter of Dr. 
Boyne, of Dublin, Ireland, of the old Irish family of Boyne. 



THE LAKES 347 

of his claptiire. His family had long since thought him deacKj 
His ancestor was George Slacombe, "A German Borne." 
Citizenship was given him by Naturalization Act, passed 
June II, 1697. (See Maryland Archives.) 

Others of his descendants were loyal to King George HI. 
during the Revolutionary War. (See Memorial of Capt. 
Thos. Sparrow, 1777, relating to mistreatment received by 
him in Dorchester County, "in recruiting for matrosses," 
from Mr. George SlacDmbe and others; Mr. George Sla- 
combe afterwards moved to Alexandria, Va. His daughter 
married Col. Charles May of the U. S. Army. Mrs. Herman 
Oelrichs, Sr., of Baltimore, was their descendant.) 

Several families of Slacombes, who are descendants of the 
old family above-named, are residents of Lake's District at 
this time. 

Some of the descendants of Capt. Henry Lake, of Revolu- 
tionary fame, were in the War of 1812, and others were loyal 
Southerners; of them, the following named served in the 
Confederate Army : 

Levin Lake, Captain and Quartermaster, second officer 
commissioned by State of Mississippi in 1861; served 
throughout the war, especially distinguished in supplying 
Gen. Jos. E. Johnston's army with provisions at Rome and 
Atlanta in spring of 1864. 

Albert Crawford Lake (son of Levin), Private in Stan- 
ford's Battery. 

Charles Henry Lake (son of Henry S.), Private in Stan- 
ford's Battery. 

Geoi. W. Lake, Jr. (son of Geo. W.), Private in Stanford's 
Battery. 

George Lake (son of William), Private in Stanford's Bat- 
tery, and chief clerk in army works, Deniopolis, .Via. 

Robert Pinkney Lake, M.D., Surgeon Army of Northern 
Virginia. 

Gabriel Perry Lake, Captain Company Mississipi^i Cavalry 
(George and Armstrong's Brigaiie). 



348 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Augustus Washington Lake (son of William), Private Fif- 
teenth Mississippi Regiment, wounded at battle of Shiloh, 
afterwards chief clerk in surgeon's office at Grenada, Miss., 
to close of war. 

Walter Scott Lake (son of William), with General Jack- 
son's escort and Ordnance Sergeant, Seventh Tennessee 
Regiment. 

Richard Pinkney Lake (son of William), Second Lieuten- 
ant, Capt. R. E. Wynne's Company, Mississippi Cavalry, and 
Second Lieutenant detached service, in command of dis- 
mounted men of Brigade Mississippi Cavalry (age 17), at 
close of war. 

Edwin B. Lake (son of Captain Levin), with Texas forces, 
was drowned and frozen in an expedition to capture a Fed- 
eral gunboat off Brownsville, Tex., in winter of 1863. 

James Bushrod Lake, Jr. (son of Jas. Bushrod), Captain 
and A. D. C. Staff Gen. Bushrod Johnson. 

Craig Lake (son of Jas. Bushrod), Maryland Regiment. 
Died in service in Virginia. 

Alexander Fridge Lake (son of Henry, of Memphis), Ten- 
nessee Regiment. Killed in battle of Shiloh. 

Levin Lake, Jr., Volunteer A. D. C. Staff General Early's 
Army of Northern Virginia. 

James F. Mister, captured in army of Northern Virginia, 
after exchange was Major in Battalion Mississippi Cavalry. 

Matthew Keene Mister, Captain and A. A. G. Brigade 
Mississippi Cavalry. 

Wilbur F. Mister, Chaplain Army of Tennessee. 

William Henry McNamara, Private Mississippi Cavalry. 

Lake McNamara, Chaplain Army of Northern Vir- 
ginia; died in service. 

George W. Lake, clerk in Quartermaster's Office, Gren- 
ada, Miss. 

In addition tO' the foregoing, Hon. William A. Lake, of 
Vicksburg, Miss., was a candidate for member in Confederate 
Congress, when he was killed in a duel with his opponent, 
Colonel Chambers. 



THE LAKES 349 

LAKE FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS. 

Light or red hair, florid c'omplexions, well built, very ener- 
getic, attentive and capable in their business occupations. 
They revered the Christian religion and were members of the 
Church of England until the days of Bishop Asbury, who- 
swept the Eastern Shore with a religious wave of Methodism 
soon after the Revolutionary War, and most of them have 
been members of the Methodist Church since that period. 

They were noted for their integrity and independence, kind 
and indulgent tO' their families, lovers of horses and the own-, 
ership of land; were patriotic, and have served their country 
in all of its wars — not less than twenty members of whom 
served in the Southern Army during the late Civil War. 

GEORGE LAKE, SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE. 

George Lake (son of Henry Lake and Rhoda his wife), 
born 1776, died November 21, 183 1. Married Mary Boyne 
Slacum, marriage license issued October 23, 1802. She was 
born June 3. 1784. and died September 21, 1872, buried at 
Grenada, Miss. (He was buried at "Locust Grove" Farm, 
Lake District, Dorchester County, Md.) Mary Boyne Sla- 
cum was the daughter of Gabiiel Slacum, a sailor in the Rev- 
olutionary War, who married Catherine Boyne, daughter of 
Dr. Boyne, of Dublin, Ireland. George Lake was Captain 
Dorchester Coimty Militia in War of 1812-15; Forty-eighth 
Regiment (Jones) Maryland Detached Service. In an en- 
gagement with General Ross' forces, at Honga River in 18 14, 
his horse was shot down in their attack. He was a farmer 
and merchant and also member of Maryland Legislature 
1827-28; was an ardent admirer of Andrew Jackson. 

CHILDREN OF CAPT. GEORGE LAKE AND WIFE, MARY B. 

1. Harriet, married Daniel Barnes; 2, Henry L. Mc- 
Namara. 

2. Miriam, married John Cowart. 

3. Catherine, married Isaac Creighton. 



,350 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

4. Clarissa H., married, i, William Washington Lake; 2, 
John S. Staplefort. 

5. Julia A., married Matthew Keene Mister. 

6. Clementine, married William Lake. 

7. Georgeanna, married, i, Henry S. Lake; 2, Major Aug. 
Newton; 3, Dr. Joseph B. Tarpley. 

8. Gabriel Perry Lake, married, i, Henrietta Crawford; 2, 
Mrs. Kate B. Connelly; 3, Mrs. Nannie K. Moore. 

9. Robert Pinkney, married Virginia Lightfoot, of Vir- 
ginia. 

10. Louisa, married Col. George E. Austin. 

WILLIAM LAKE, SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE. 

William Lake (son of Capt. Henry Lake and Rhoda his 
wife), born August i, 1767; died April 5, 18 10; married 
Elizabeth Hart. License issued October 21, 1791. She was 
born in 1772; died May 4, 1833, in the 62d year of her age. 
Both buried in the Lake Homestead Graveyard, Dorchester 
County, Md. 

INSCRIPTIONS ON TOMBSTONES. 

"In memory of William Lake, whoi was born August 1, 
1767, and departed this life April 5, 1810, aged 42 year-8 
mos-4 days. 

Dear travelers all who pass by me 
Think on that great eterniiy, 
I am not dead, but here do sleep, 
Tho' buried in this earth so deep, 
Till the Archangel rends the skies 
And Christ my Saviour bids me rise." 

"In memory of Elizabeth Lake, who departed this life May 
4, 1833, in the 62d year of her age." 

Lavinia (Lovey) Lake, daughter of Capt. Henry Lake, 
born 1766, died November 17, 1843. Married John Stew- 



THE LAKES ' 351 

art McNamara, license issued January 21, 1783, Dorchester 
County, Mel. 

CHILDREN OF WILLIAM LAKE AND WIFE ELIZABETH 
(BETTY HART). 

1. Henry, born, ; died, ; married Janet Armour, 

of Baltimore; died in Memphis. 

2. Robert Hart, born, ; died, ; married Mary San- 
ders, of Jackson, Tenn. 

3. William Washington, born, 1812; died, April 12, 1839; 
married Clarissa H. Lake, Dorchester County. 

4. William Washington Lake was a member of the Mary- 
land Legislature; was a popular merchant and farmer at 
Lakesville, Lake's District, Dorchester County. 

CHILDREN OF WILLIAM WASHINGTON AND WIFE 
CLARISSA H. LAKE. 

1. Charles, born 1836. 

2. CordeHa, born, ; died, ; married J. Adrian 

Snider, Coffeeville, Miss. 

CHARLES LAKE, SON OF WILLIAM WASHINGTON LAKE. 

Charles Lake (son of William Washington and Clarissa H. 
Lake, his wife) was born in Lake's District, January 14, 1838. 
He was educated in the public schools of Dorchester County, 
Cambridge Academy and Washington College, Chestertown, 
Md.; and married Miss Wilhelmina Phillips, of Cambridge, 
Md., daughter of Richard and Mary (Applegarth) PhilHps, 
his wife, in i860. Of the children of Charles Lake and his 
wife, four of them are dead and four are living, namely: 
Clara S., wife of Daniel E. Dail; Edwin S., who married Eliza- 
beth Mace; Virginia C, wife of Levi D. Travers Noble, and 
Hattie Pattison Lake, who married William H. Medford. 

For some years, Charles Lake was engaged in merchan- 
dising and farming at Lakesville prior to 1879, when he was 
elected Clerk of Dorchester County Court, and has been 



352 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

reelected three times in succession to the same office. His 
fourth term will expire in the fall of 1903, when he will have 
completed twenty-four years of service as Circuit Court 
Clerk. 

LEVIN LAKE, SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE. 

Levin Lake (son of Capt. Henry Lake and wife Rhoda) 
was born January 25, 1774, died February 14, 1826. First 
married Mary Keene, license December 24, 1800, both of 
Dorchester County. He was a planter and lived in Draw- 
bridge, Dorchester County, near Salem, Md., a prominent 
and successful business man. Second marriage was with 
Maria Muir. 

CHILDREN OF LEVIN LAKE AND WIFE (MARY KEENE). 

1. WilHam Augustus, born January 6, 1808; died October 
15, 1861. 

2. James Bushrod, born December 13, 181 1; died July 24, 
1884; married Louisa Hooper Craig, December 13, 1832. 
She was born May 13, 1815; died, January 4, 1892. 

CHILDREN OF LEVIN LAKE AND WIFE (MARIA MUIR). 

I. Annie Lavinia, born, ; died, ; married, i, 

Daniel Nye; 2, Col. M. K. Mister, Grenada, Miss. 

WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, SON OF LEVIN LAKE AND WIFE 
(MARY KEENE). 

WilHam A. Lake (son of Levin Lake and wife Mary), born, 
January 6, 1808; died, October 15, 1861; married Anne 
Eliza Craig, sister of his brother James Bushrod's wife, and 
was born December 25, 1810, and died June 30, 1896. He 
was a member of the Maryland Legislature in 1831. Re- 
moved to Vicksburg, Miss. Member of Mississippi Legisb- 



THE LAKES 353 

ture and Mississippi Senate. In 1856 was a member of United 
States Congress, Fourth Congressional District, a Whig in 
politics, though elected in a Democratic district. Was can- 
didate for the Confederate States Congress in 1861. Killed in 
a duel by Col. Chambers, of Mississippi, opposing candidate, 
October 15, 1861, at Hopefield, Ark., opposite Memphis, 
Tenn. He was a prominent lawyer and planter, and an influ- 
ential citizen, greatly beloved. It is believed that his death, 
which caused a thrill of horror throughout the Southern 
States, was the cause of putting a stop tO' the custom of 
duelling, which had been previously so much practiced in 
the South. 

CHILDREN OF WILLIAM A. LAKE AND WIFE (ANNE 
ELIZA CRAIG). 

1. Mary, born, ; died, ; married Dufif Green, 

Vicksburg, Miss. 

2. Louisa, born, ; died, ; married Slaughter. 

3. Alice, born, ; married Jones. 

4. WilHe, born, ; died, ; unmarried. 

CHILDREN OF JAMES BUSHROD LAKE AND WIFE 
LOUISA H. (CRAIG;. 

1. William Augustus, born May 24, 1835; died April 28, 
1861 ; married Annie S. Eccleston, Dorchester County, Md. 

2. James Bushrod, born October 4, 1837; died September 
30, 1896; married, i, M. R. Thayer; 2, Maggie J. Williams. 

3. Levin, born May 31, 1842; married Maggie E. William- 
son, Memphis, Tenn. 

4. Anne Eliza, born June 16, 1840; married John C. Henry, 
Cambridge, Md. 

5. John Craig, born March 3, 1845; died March i, 1864, 
Richmond, Va., Confederate Army. 

6. Albert, born December 8, 1846; married Annie E. 
Lamb. 

7. Ida, born August 14, 1848. 

23 



354 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

8. Orloff, born August i, 1855; married Amanda B. 
Spearing. 

9. Duff Green Lake, born September 4, i860; married Ida 
M. Wood, New Orleans, La. 

WASHINGTON LAKE, SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE. 

Washington Lake (son of Henry Lake and Rhoda his wife) 
was born 1784 and died June 4, 1826; married Margaret Sla- 
cum; she was born in 1790, died February 4, 1855, buried in 
William Andrews' graveyard, near Ebenezer Church, Lake's 
District. He is buried in the Lake Homestead graveyard, 
Lake's District, Dorchester County, Md. 

INSCRIPTION ON TOMBSTONE. 

"In memory of Washington Lake, who departed this life 
June 4th, 1826, in the 43rd year of his age." Farmer and 
lived in Henry Lake Homestead (Honga River). 

Margaret Andrews, died February 4, 1855, aged 65 years 
(widow of Washington Lake), second marriage to William 
Andrews, First Lieutenant in Dorchester County Militia, 
Forty-eighth Regiment (Jones) Maryland, War 1812-15. 

CHILDREN OF CAPT. WASHINGTON LAKE AND WIFE 
MARGARET ^SLACUM.) 

1. Henry Slacum, born ; died, ; married George- 
anna Lake. 

2. Eliza, born, 1810; died, 1818. 

3. William, born April 19, 181 1; died, April 19. 1864; 
married Clementine Lake. 

4. George Washington, born, ; died, August, 1878; 

married Susan Slacum. 

5. Susan (Parker), born, ; died, . 

6. Levin, born September 7, 181 7; married, i, Jane Tyler; 
2, Harriet A. Crawford. 

7. Mary Caroline, born, ; married, i, Bryerly; 2, 

Williams. 



THE LAKES 355 

Margaret (Slaciim) Lake was a daughter of Marcellus 
Slacum and Susanna (Keene) Slacum; married April 24, 
1788. 

Susanna Keene (her mother) was a member of the well- 
known Keene family, of Lake District, Dorchester County. 

WILLIAM LAKE, SON OF CAPT. WASHINGTON LAKE. 

William Lake (son of Washington Lake and Margaret 
[Slacum]), born April 19, 181 1, Dorchester County, Md. 
Moved to Grenada, Miss., 1836; died and buried there April 
19, 1864; rnarried Clementine Lake, September 27, 1836, at 
"Locust Grove," Lake's District, Md. She was born Janu- 
ary 18, 1815, died August 7, 1884; buried at Grenada, Miss. 
A wealthy merchant, a useful and influential citizen of Gren- 
ada, Miss. Resided there about twenty-eight years. 

CHILDREN OF WILLIAM LAKE AND WIFE CLEMENTINE. 

1. Augustus Washington, born August 26, 1837; married 
Annie Mullen. 

2. George, born September 22, 1839; married David-Ella 
Golladay (2). 

3. William Henry, born June 15, 1842; died October 31, 

1859- 

4. Francis Asbury, born February 11, 1844; died January 
17, 1845. 

5. Walter Scott, born December 12, 1845; married Grace 
B. LaValle. 

6. Richard Pinkney, born January 10, 1848; married Stella 
McKnight Hofifa. 

7. Alice Estelle, born August 20, 1850; died July 2, 1853. 

8. Emma Louisa, born June 11, 1852; married Edwin L. 
Austin. 

9. Ida, born July 14, 1856; married Richard H. Winter. 



356 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

RICHARD PINKNEY LAKE, SON OF WILLIAM LAKE. 

Richard Pinkney Lake (son of William Lake and Clemen- 
tine), born January 10, 1848, Grenada, Miss.; married Stella 
McKnight Hoffa, at Auvergne Plantation, Grenada County, 
Miss., January 22, 1878. 

CHILDREN OF RICHARD P. LAKE AND WIFE STELLA 

(HOFFA.) 

1. Richard Henry. 

2. Estelle. 

3. Elizabeth Donelson. 

4. Robert Pinkney. 

5. Edith Read. 

6. Adele Dorothy. 

7. Donelson Martin. 

8. Alice Maury. 

9. Chas. Hoffa. 

RICHARD P. LAKE'S VISIT. 

Mr. Richard P. Lake, of Memphis, Tenn., was in our city 
last week. He has bought the Old Family Homestead on 
Honga River, in Lake's District, where his ancestor, Henry 
Lake, Sr.. died in 1760, which later was the home of his great- 
grandfather, Capt. Henry Lake, in 1776. When a force 
of British and Tories came to capture him, they were met 
with a spirited resistance, aided by Captain Lake's wife and 
daughter, Lovey, and by some of his own company, who 
drove the British back to their boats. 

Capt. Henry Lake was High Sheriff of this county in 
1797. and was the father of William, Levin, George and 
Washington Lake, all well known citizens in their genera- 
tion. This place was also^ the scene of another conflict, 
when, in 1814, the British attacked a land force in command 
of Mr. Lake's maternal grandfather, Capt. George Lake, 
whose horse was shot down by a cannon ball fired from one 
of their vessels. Capt. George Lake was in Jones' Forty- 



THE LAKES 357 

eighth Regiment, Maryland Militia, in the war 1812-15, and 
represented our county in Maryland Legislature in session of 
1827-28. 

This place was afterwards owned by Mr. Washington 
Lake and descended tO' his son, Levin, an uncle of Mr. R. 
P. Lake, who sold it to Mr. Albert Johnson in about 1845, 
whose sons were reared there, and are so well known in 
financial circles in our National Capital and in this county. 
Mr. Lake is deeply interested in Maryland History and all 
that pertains to Dorchester County, and regrets to see the 
lower part of Lakes, which was once so prosperous now so 
sadly neglected in agridultural developments. He is a mem- 
ber of the Mississippi Historical Society, also of the Con- 
federate Veterans Association at Memphis and is Aid-de- 
Camp on the Staff of the gallant Lieut. -Gen. Stephen D. Lee, 
of the Confederate Veterans. We welcome Mr. Lake as 
the owner of the home of his Maryland ancestors. — Demo- 
crat and Nczvs. 

Richard Pinkney Lake, financier, was born in Grenada, 
Miss., January 10, 1848. His father was William Lake, a 
wealthy merchant and an early settler of Grenada, Miss., 
who was descended from an English family that settled at 
Eastern Shore, Md., about 1658. His line was represented 
in all the early American wars; among others his great 
grandfather, Henry Lake, Esq., was commissioned by the 
Maryland Council of Safety, May 16, 1776, Captain of a com- 
pany, in Brig.-Gen. Henry Hooper's corps, of the Maryland 
Militia. Maternal grandfather, Capt. George Lake, served 
in 48th Regiment Maryland Militia, detached service, in 181 3, 
1814, 181 5. Paternal grandfather, Lieut. Washington Lake, 
Capt. Wm. McNamara's detachment, and Capt. George 
Lake's company, same regiment, 1813, 1814 and 181 5. 
Mr. Lake inherited the soldierly spirit of his ancestors, and 
although only thirteen years of age at the outbreak of the 
Civil War, he joined the Confederate forces, and was elected 
Second Lieutenant of a military company of boys. He did 
not see active service until 1864, when he served as Second 



358 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Lieutenant of a cavalry company under Colonel Fisher, and 
later in special service, was in command of dismounted men 
in a brigade of Mississippi State forces to the close of the 
war. Returning home under parole, he set to work to 
recover the fortunes of his family, greatly wasted by the war, 
and soon he became a successful merchant, planter and 
banker. The political troubles of the times demanded his 
attention, and for several years he was a member and chair- 
man of the County Democratic Executive Committee, but 
when the question of negro supremacy was settled to his 
satisfaction, he withdrew from active politics. In 1875, 
however, while attending on invitation a meeting of bankers 
and financial men at Philadelphia, Pa., though offering no 
apology for the past, he took occasion to voice the renewed 
loyalty of the South to the Union, thereby assisting towards a 
stronger reconciliation between the States. After engaging 
for some years in various banking and other financial under- 
takings, including that of railroading, being a director in the 
M. & T. railroad for several years, and its Vice-President 
from 1882 to 1884. Mr. Lake became general agent in Mis- 
sissippi in 1885 for the Equitable Life Assurance Society of 
New York, which position he has held with increasing powers 
until, in 1895, he was appointed general manager for two 
States, his agency having its headquarters in Memphis. Mr. 
Lake is a member of the Confederate Historical Association 
of Memphis, and attended the reunion of the Confederate vet- 
erans at Richmond, Va., in July, 1896; also at Nashville, 
Tenn., in June, 1897, when he was appointed Aid-de-Camp, 
with the rank of Colonel, on the staff of Lieut. -Gen. Stephen 
D. Lee, and was duly commissioned to this position, which he 
still holds. "In January, 1878, Mr. Lake was married to 
Stella McKnight Hoffa, a descendant of the McKnight, Reed 
and Hoffa families of Pennsylvania, and of the Donelson and 
Martin families of Tennessee, she being a near relative of 
Rachel Donelson Jackson, wife of President Andrew Jackson. 
Mr. Lake is a member of the Confederate Historical Asso- 



THE LAKES 359 

ciation of Memphis; Colonel and Quartermaster-General; 
member of staff Lieut. -Gen. Stephen D. Lee, United Con- 
federate Veterans; Maryland Historical Society; Mississippi 
Historical Society; Maryland Branch Society of the War of 
1812; Maryland Branch Society Sons of the Revolution. 

OTHER REFERENCES TO THE LAKE FAMILY. 

See memoirs of the Crawford family, which comprise the 
descendants of John Crawford, 1660-1883, with notices of the 
Allied Families, by Robert L. Crawford and Mrs. Frank 
Armstrong Vanderbilt (Mrs. Cornelius Vanderbilt). 

THE LAKE FAMILY, 

There is a tradition that the Lake family came from Eng- 
land long before the Revolutionary War, and that there were 
three brothers whO' were early settlers. Of these, one went 
to Virginia and died unmarried, another went to Maryland 
and still another to New Jersey. 

The brother in Maryland had children, and several fami- 
lies near Baltimore are his descendants. 

RICHARD LAKE. 

From the brother in New Jersey, Richard Lake was 
descended. He was born in New Jersey. He married, in 
1783, Sarah Landon. He was an ardent patriot, serving in 
the Revolutionary Army and was in the Army wHen it was 
disbanded. In 1784 he removed to^ North Carolina and in 
1793 to Grove County, Ga., where he died about 1800. 

CHILDREN OF RICHARD AND SARAH (LANDON) LAKE. 

1. Abraham. He went with his father to North Carolina 
and died at the age of 82. 

2. Justus. Lived near Saulsbury and Memphis, Tenn., 
and had a family. 

3. James. 



360 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

4. Joseph, who married Margaret Gaines Scales. 

5. Ellen, married Wm. Bussey. Judge James Bussey, 
of Louisiana, and Augustus Wright, of Florida, who gradu- 
ated at Annapolis are descendants. 

6. Polly, married Jack Murphy. 

7. Nancy, married James Whalley. 

8. Sarah, married Wm. Ellis. 

The Lake family were noted for their integrity, virtue 
and independence. They were not clannish; indeed, they 
were so absorbed with business that they rarely visited one 
another. 

JOSEPH LAKE (SON OF RICHARD AND SARAH [LANDON] 

LAKE). 

Joseph Lake was born February 22, 1794, married Marga- 
ret Gaines Scales, daughter of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Per- 
kins) Scales, who was born February 5, 1802, in the neigh- 
borhood of Triune. They lived in Alabama. He died 
August 26, 1849. She died May 21, 1846. 

CHILDREN OF JOSEPH AND MARGARET LAKE. 

1. Nicholas Scales, died unmarried, age 24. 

2. Elizabeth Perkins Scales, died in infancy. 

3. Elizabeth Pryor, married S. Parker; lived in Alabama. 

4. James Thadeus, died in infancy. 

5. Joseph, died in infancy. 

6. Thomas Harden, married, i, S. Houston; 2, Mrs. 
Gaines. 

7. Margaret Caroline, married James Cobbs. 

8. John Jemison, unmarried. First Lieutenant of Mobile 
Rifles, killed in Civil War at South Mountain, age 24. 

9. Susan Ella, died unmarried, age 19. 

10. JuHa Gaines, married Robert L. Crawford. 

11. Joseph Henry, died in infancy. 



THE LECOMPTES 361 

THE LeCOMPTE FAMILY. 

{Data from J. S. S.) 

Anthony LeCompte, a native of the Province of Picardy in 
France, left that country about the time of the conflict 
between Richelieu, the Prime Minister and Dictator of 
France, and the Huguenots, near the close of the religious 
wars and persecutions there. He sought refuge in England, 
family tradition states that while there he served in the Eng- 
lish army for ele>*en years, where he won military distinction 
and royal titles. ( He married a French lady in London, 
named Ester Doatloan. Some time before 1655 he and his 
family came to Maryland and probably first settled in Calvert 
County. Land records show that on February 7, 1655, 
Antonie LeCompte assigned his right to 200 acres of land 
due him to Ishmael Wright (Land Of^ce, Lib. A., fol. 440). 
In 1657 a charge in Calvert County was 300 pounds of 
tobacco paid Anthony LeCompte for killing three wolves. 

In 1659 Anthony LeCompte was granted a patent for 
700 acres of land on Choptank River in Home Bay; it was 
surveyed August 13, 1659, for 800 acres, and named ''St. 
Anthonia" or "Antonine." At that time, ten years before 
Dorchester County was established, very few white people 
had settled in that part of the Eastern Shore, while Indians 
were plentiful and daring in roving bands. As Mr. Le- 
Compte had brought a number of white servants and a 
quantity of arms to his new settlement, he fortified it for 
protection, and when the savages came menacingly near, he 
would disperse them by firing his large guns, and it is said, 
killed some of them. 

He was one of the Justices of Dorchester County 1669-71 
(Md. Archives, v. 52, Lib. C. D., fol. 431). He died in Sep- 
tember or October, 1673, and his widow, Esther, subse- 
quently married Mark Cordea. In the Archives of Maryland 
(v. ii, pp. 400-402) is a petition for the naturalization of a 
number of persons of foreign birth residing in Maryland, and 
among them are named the widow and children of Anthony 



362 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

LeCompte. It is there stated that Anthony was born in 
Picardy in the Kingdom of France, his wife Esther, at 
Dieppe, in Normandy, and their children, John, Moses, 
Philip, Anthony, Esther and Catherine, in the Province of 
Maryland. There is a further reference to the family in the 
Chancery Records, 17th July, 1680; Mark Cordea and Esther, 
his wife, executrix of Anthony LeCompte, deceased, are 
summoned to answer the complaint of Henry Fox and 
Esther, his wife, one of the daughters of the said Anthony 
(Chancery Lib. C. D., fol. 273). Anthony LeCompte and 
Esther, his wife, had issue : 

1. John LeCompte, eldest son; born, 1662; died, 1705; 
married Ann, daughter of Robert Winsmore, and had issue. 

2. Moses LeCompte, of whom further. 

3. Philip LeCompte, died unmarried. 

4. Anthony LeCompte, married Margaret Beckwith; died, 
1705, leaving issue. 

5. Esther LeCompte, married, i, Henry Fox; 2, William 
Skinner. 

6. Katherine LeCompte, married, i, James Culins; 2, 
Thomas BrufT. 

Moses LeCompte (i) was the son of Anthony and Esther. 
His wife's name was Mary and the account of the family 
drawn up in 18 19 by Thomas and Daniel LeCompte states 
that she was a Skinner, "daughter of old Skinner from Eng- 
land that took up the land now owned by Joseph Byus." 
This statement is doubtless correct, as the whole account 
is unusually accurate, and Mrs. LeCompte was, in all proba- 
bility, the daughter of Thomas Skinner, who patented "Skin- 
ner's Choice" in 1670. For some particulars about this fam- 
ily, see the appended notes. Moses LeCompte (i) died in 
1720. By Mary Skinner, his wife, he had issue eleven chil- 
dren, viz : 

1. Philip LeCompte, died unmarried. 

2. Moses LeCompte (2), of whom further. 

3. Thomas LeCompte. died unmarried. 

4. Peter LeCompte, married Brannock. 



THE LECOMPTES 363 

5. Samuel LeCompte, died unmarried. 

6. Joseph LeCompte, married Mrs. Shawhan, a widow, 
and left issue. 

7. Anthony LeCompte, married, i, Mrs. Bennett, of 
Talbot County, a widow; 2, Blanche LeCompte, and 
had issue by both marriages. 

8. William LeCompte, married Mrs. Martin, of Talbot 
County, a widow, and had issue. 

9. Esther LeCompte, died unmarried. 

10. Mary LeCompte, married Arthur Rigby, of Talbot 
County, and had issue. 

11. Elizabeth LeCompte, married James Sewers, of Phila- 
delphia, and had issue. 

Moses LeCompte, the father of this family, became blind 
when about twenty-twO' years of age. Of his eleven chil- 
dren, nine of them lost their eyesight. Of the descendants 
of this branch of the family, forty-two became blind. In 
1819, nineteen then living were blind. 

Moses LeCompte (2) was the second son of Moses (i) and 
Mary, his wife. He married, i, Levina, widow of Matthew 
Driver and daughter of Thomas Pattison, and 2, Rebecca, 
daughter of Peter Stokes. By the second marriage he does 
not appear to have had issue. By his first wife, Levinia, he 
had four children, viz : 

1. Moses LeCompte (2), of whom further. 

2. Levina LeCompte, married Wilham Geoghegan, and 
had issue. 

3. Esther LeCompte, married Matthew Skinner, 

4. Mary LeCompte, married, i , ' ' ' '" Cator; 2, Dove; 

3, Davy, and had issue by all three marriages. 

Moses LeCompte (3) was the son of Moses (2) and Levina, 
his first wife. He married Nancy Pattison and had issue : 

1. Moses LeCompte (4), of whom further. 

2. Nancy LeCompte, married, 1759, Jeremiah Pattison, 

3. Esther LeCompte. 

4. Rosamond LeCompte. 

5. Elizabeth LeCompte. 



364 HISTORY OF .DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Moses LeCompte (4). son of Moses (3) and Nancy, his 
wife, was born in October, 1748, and died October 22, 1800. 
At the time of the Revohition he embraced the patriotic 
side and in January, 1776, was appointed Second Lieutenant 
in the Dorchester County Mihtia. He was commissioned 
February 12, 1776, First Lieutenant in Capt. Joseph Rob- 
son's Minute Company, and 24th May following was 
appointed to the same position in Capt. Denwood Hicks' 
Company (Md. Archives, xi, no, 153, 441). He was twice 
married. By his first wife. Miss Edmonson, of Talbot 
County, he had one daughter: 

I. Nancy LeCompte, married Henry Keene, of Dor- 
chester County, and had issue. 

The second wife of Moses LeCompte (4) was Elizabeth 
Woodward, born 1763; died, 17th October, 1803. Probably 
daughter of Benjamin Woodward. They had issue: 

1. Moses LeCompte, died young. 

2. Moses LeCompte, died young. 

3. Moses LeCompte, died young. 

4. John LeCompte, died young. 

5. Benjamin Woodward LeCompte, born 28th July, 1787; 
died, 20th November, 1822. 

6. Samuel Woodward LeCompte, born 24th Novem- 
ber, 1796; died, 29th January, 1862; Captain U. S. Navy; 
married Mary R. Eccleston, of Cambridge, Md. 

7. Elizabeth LeCompte, born 6th March, 1783; died, 21st 
September, 1809; married James Pattison. (See genealogy.) 

8. Amelia LeCompte, born 25th November, 1794; died, 
1832. 

9. Margaret LeCompte, born 22d October, 1799; died, 
7th July, 1 87 1. 

NOTES. 

Anthony LeCompte, of Dorset County, Md., "being sick 
and weak;" will dated 9th September, proven 25th October, 
1673. Eldest son of John LeCompte. My three sons, 
Moses, Philip and Anthony LeCompte; eldest daughter, 
Hester LeCompte; daughter Katherine LeCompte; to Nich- 



THE LECOMPTES 365 

olas Tripp bequest of a cow; wife, Hester LeCompte, execu- 
trix. (Annapolis Wills, Lib. i, fol. 562.) 

Moses LeCompte, of Dorchester County; will dated Jan- 
uary 4, 1 71 7, proven 15th March, 1720. Sons, Philip, 
Thomas and Samuel LeCompte; sons, Moses and Peter 
LeCompte; my three daughters, Esther, Mary and Eliza- 
beth LeCompte; my wife and three sons executors. (Annap- 
oHs Wills, Lib. 16, fol. 365.) 

Moses LeCompte, testamentary bond in common form by 
Mary LeCompte, Philip, Samuel and Joseph LeCompte, his 
executors, with John Brannock and Neh. Beck, sureties in 
400 pounds sterling; dated 20th March, 1720. (Test. Proc. 
Lib. 24, fol. 346.) 

"Skinner's Choice," 250 acres, surveyed 31st March, 1670, 
for Thomas Skinner. Possessor (1707), Thomas Skinner, 
son of said Thomas. (Dorchester County Rent Rolls.) 

loth February, 1675, Elizabeth, widow of Thomas Skinner, 
late of Dorchester County, deceased, intestate, took out 
letters of administration on his estate. Henry Beckwith, 
bondsman. Stephen Gary and Arthur Wright, Appraisers. 
(Test. Proc. Lib. 7, fol. 251.) 

13th June, 1678, Elizabeth Beckwith, widow and admin- 
istratrix of Thomas Skinner, late of Dorchester County, 
deceased, exhibited account. (Test. Proc. Lib. 10, fol. 148.) 

Thomas Skinner (son of above Thomas) made his will 29th 
January, 1705, and it was proven 6th November, 1707. He 
nientions his son, Martin, his three daughters, Elizabeth, 
Anne and Mary, all under sixteen years; his brothers-in-law, 
Thomas Brannock and Hugh Eccleston. He leaves a 
bequest of a heifer to Hannah Harman. His son Martin 
is appointed executor. (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 12, fol. 226.) 

1 2th June, 17 18, Moses LeCompte, Jr., to his father 
Moses LeCompte, Sr., bill of sale of a negro. (Dorchester 
Co. Rec. Lib. 7, old fol. 64.) 

nth August, 1 73 1, Moses LeCompte and Levina, his wife, 
"tO' our loving son, Matthew Driver " one-half "The Grove" 



366 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

on James Island. (See Pattison family.) (Dorchester Co. 
Rec, Lib. 8, old fol. 429.) 

27th May, 1 75 1, Moses LeCompte and Rebecca, his wife, 
to Henry Brannock all their right in "Head Range" in Dor- 
chester County, derived from the last will and testament of 
Peter Stokes,^ father of said Rebecca. (Dorchester Co. 
Rec. Lib. 14, old fol. 515.) 

8th March, 1768, Moses LeCompte to his three grandsons, 
Levin Cator, William Geoghegan and Moses Geoghegan, 
one-half "LeCompte's Addition" on James Island. (Dor- 
chester Co. Rec, Lib. 22, old fol. 222.) 

Samuel LeCompte (i) and Araminta, his wife. Children, 
viz: 

1. Edward P. LeCompte, married Emily White. 

2. Margaret LeCompte, unmarried. 

3. Araminta LeCompte, unmarried. 

4. Samuel D. LeCompte (Judge.) 

Children of Edward P. and Emily (White), his wife: 

1. Mary LeCompte, unmarried. 

2. Edward W. LeCompte, married Elizabeth Wall; no 
children. 

3. Henrietta T. LeCompte, unmarried. 

4. Harriet Anne LeCompte, unmarried. 

5. Thomas T. LeCompte, unmarried. 

Am unable to fix period in LeCompte genealogy where 
Samuel (i), the grandfather of Mr. Edward W. LeCompte 
should be placed. 

THE MARINE FAMILY. 

Among the earliest settlers of Doirchester County was 
a family whose name has been variously spelt as many other 
family names have been done in numerous ways, Mareen, 



* Peter Stokes, devised in his will, dated 27th February, 1710, proved 
June I, 1712, 50 acres of "Head Range" to his grandson, Peter Stokes, 
and the remainder of the tract to his daughter, Rebecca Stokes. (Annapolis 
Wills, Lib. 17, fol. 324.) 



THE MARINES 367 

Merine, Marene, Morean, Marain, Morine and Marine. Of 
the original settlers their Christian names are at present 
unknown; their former home across the sea before coming 
to America is conjectural; they were presumptively French 
Huguenots as were many of their neighbors who settled 
among the Nanticoke Indians by the side of that river and 
its tributary, the Northwest Fork. 

At the period of their settlement, few Europeans had pene- 
trated to that section, which owed its selection for emigrant 
homes toi the location, being adjacent to the stately Nanti- 
coke. Those in search of lands to locate upon followed the 
waterways as settlers now do^ railroads. Few families of 
Europeans were in the Northwest Fork when the Marine 
family located there. The late Judge Fisher, of Delaware, if 
authority other than dates was needed, was the authority 
for saying, "the Marine folks were among the first white 
settlers on the Eastern Shore." They built their cabins 
among the Indians, had few neighbors save the red men, 
among whom they lived until their places were filled by 
those of their race's flesh and blood. 

Bozmand's History of Maryland says, "Kent Island'' occu- 
pied by settlers in 165 1, "was the only part of the Eastern 
Shore where any attempt at settlement as yet appears to 
have been made." He must have intended to be under- 
stood as meaning on a large scale. 

McMahon says, "settlements were made on the southern 
part of the Eastern Shore as early as 1661, regarded as set- 
tlements and not as distinct civil divisions until Somerset 
County was erected." Somerset was a county by executive 
proclamation in August, 1666. Its territory contained white 
inhabitants before either of the dates given. 

Millison (probably Milicet) Mareen's name appears on 
the record of the Land Of^ce at AnnapoHs as early as 1655, 
which was assigned as the date of his arrival. Alexander 
Merine is of record in 1669. It has not been ascertained 
whether the name is of earlier record than the dates given. 



368 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Residing on the Western Shore of Maryland in colonial 
times, was a family of similar name, whicdi in surname has 
long since become extinct; they were connections of the 
Eastern Shore Marines. 

William Merine wrote his name as here given in his last 
will, a copy of which is on file in the office of the Register 
of Wills at Annapolis; he died in 1767. Of him, the earliest 
and most complete information is obtainable. He was born 
prior to 1700; his wife's name has been lost; they had the 
following children : John, Matthew, Charles, Zorobable, 
James, David, William, Janet and Easter. The line of de- 
scent cannot be traced in all its ramifications. The follow- 
ing have been secured : 

Zorobable Marain, as he lapsed into subscribing his name, 
was born in 1738 and died in 1823; he was a farmer, land 
owner, and owner of a saw and grist mill near Federalsburg 
which he inherited from his father who erected the first mill 
in that locality. He was a man of influence in the commu- 
nity, and possessed as was his brothers, of great physical 
strength and self-will; he had knowledge in surveying; his 
wife was Mary Francis Heyward, daughter of Thomas Hey- 
ward; they had the following children: William, Anna, 
Matthew, Mary, Easter, Heyward, Sarah, Rhoda, John and 
Charles. 

From an old memorandum book of 1765, used by Zoro- 
bable, now in possession of one of his descendants, has been 
gleaned the following names of persons who were his neigh- 
bors and contemporaries : John Wilson, Nehemiah Cochm, 
James Fletcher, Beauchamp Hairper, Levin iRioilinson, J. 
Richardson, Jr., Thomas Kilby, William Wheatley, Spencer 
Waters, James Phillips, John Stokes, Charles Robbins, 
Nehemiah Beauchamp, Francis Heyward, James Wrighit, 
Charles Cannon, Laban Jones, Levi Anderton Brown, James 
Birckhead, John Smoot, Levin Wright and James Layton. 

A few of the entries in the book prove interesting. Hogs 
ran at large; Zorobable's had this mark — "The mark of hogs 
belonging to Zorobable Marain is, the right ear cut off and 



THE MARINES 369 

slit on the left ear, hole and long." Another note is this: 
"Francis Heyward the third, was born in the year 1772." 
Still another was, "February came on the fifth day of the 
week. The second fast day is the nth day of the month." 
Among his old receipts his name was written invariably 
Marine; a way used by several of those of his kindred. A 
curious entry was this one to^ a workman's credit : "To' one 
month's work at 25s. if all good weather." 

The late Col. Jacob Wilson, a prominent coiuitian, who 
represented it in the Legislature, who was a slave-holder, and 
during his life a popular citizen; who' died without issue 
about the commencement of our Civil War at an advanced 
age, remembered Zorobable, he having resided near him in 
the Fork District; he was in the habit of telling this current 
story of his time : "Zorobable was having a grist mill repaired 
near Federalsburg; he rode down toi the mill where some 
workmen had lodged a sill and could not right it ; dismount- 
ing, he walked to where they were and said, "Get away, 
weaklings;" and putting his shoulder beneath the sill he dis- 
lodged it and placed it in position; his shirt became imbedded 
in the flesh of his shoulder, which garment he loosened, and 
mounting his horse rode off. 

William, Zorobable's son, lived on an estate received from 
his father, known as the "Fisher Farm," near Crotcher's 
Ferry. He married Mary Fletcher; they had the following 
children: Fletcher, born in 1788; Levica, Mary, Matthew, 
William, Sarah, Charles, Zorobable and James. 

There is the following paragraph contained in Nelson's 
History of Baltimore, to be found in the life of ex-Collector 
of the Port, William M. Marine, who is the great-grandson 
of William and Mary, which we quote : 

"William Merine, farmer, Zorobable's son, was married 
to Mary Fletcher, who was descended from the New England 
family to which Grace Fletcher, wife of Daniel Webster 
belonged. Thomas C. Fletcher, a Union man and ex-War 
Governor of Missouri, is a native of Dorchester County, Md., 
and a scion of the old family of that name in that county. In 

21 



370 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

a letter to the subject of this sketch fourteenth January, 1896, 
he wrote : 'I figure it out that your great-grandmother, 
Mary Fletcher, was the daughter o^f John Fletcher who was 
brother to my grandfather Thomas Fletcher. I am a mem- 
ber of the New England Family Association.'" 

Matthew, William's son, was born August 19, 1797, on 
the "Fisher Farm;" he was married to Nancy Rollins, April 
9, 1818. She was the daughter of John RolHns and his wife 
Mary Mezzick. The given names of John's father and 
mother w,ere Luke and Leah. Luke's father was Iteaac 
whose father was Jewel, a Huguenot from France, who set- 
tled in Northwest Fork where his children were born. 

Matthew, after marriage resided near Walnut Landing; 
in early life he tired of farming and abandoned it; he settled 
in Sharptown when it was a hamlet and gave to it its first 
boom in growth; he merchandised and was a landed propri- 
etor, owning the largest fleet of schooners of any one person 
on the Nanticoke; they ran from Sharptown to Baltimore. 
He died in 1854. From his union with Nancy, the following 
children were born : Polly M., Fletcher Elliott, Vashti, who' 
was twiqe married, her first husband being Osborn Adams, 
her second John Twiford; Nancy E., wife of Major Robin- 
son; Martha, wife of Henry Rollins; Matthew Washington, 
William John, Margaret A. and Sarah Jane, wife of Thomas 
J. Twilley. Polly M., Matthew W. and Margaret A. died 
before reaching legal age. 

Fletcher Elliott, son of Matthew, was born in Sussex 
County, Del., near the Maryland and Delaware line, March 
21, 1 82 1. He married Hester Eleanor Knowles, daughter 
of William Knowles, of Sussex County, Del. He com- 
menced life in the service of his father and left it in 1847 
to conduct business for himself, merchandising in Vienna 
until 1854; in the fall of that year he moved to Baltimore, 
where he conducted business until his death in 1889. It was 
not as a reliable business man only that he was best known, 
but for his works of religion and benevolence; an ordained 
local preacher, having received deacon's and elder's orders 



THE MARINES 371 

in the Baltimore Conference of the M. E. Church. He was 
the publisher of The Pioneer, a monthly religious maga- 
zine, filled with historical researches of events connected with 
his Church's early history; he also' wrote the life of John Her- 
sey, an evangelist well known half a centui"y agoi in Dor- 
chester Coimty, where his author first met and entertained 
him at his home in Vienna. A tablet to^ Fletcher E. Marine's 
memory and that of his wife is to the left of the pulpit in the 
Caroline Street M. E. Church in Baltimore, where he 
preached his last sermon before the Baltimore Local Preach- 
ers' Association a few months prior to his death. 

Fletcher and Hester had children as follows: William 
Matthew; Louisa Emily, widow of the late John W. Cath- 
cart; John Fletcher and Thomas Price, both of whom died in 
infancy; James Hargis, at present (1902) Member of the First 
Branch City Council of Baltimore; Hester Ann, wife of 
Joseph T. Flautt; Sarah Jane, wife of Thomas Lerch, and 
Fletcher Columbus who died in infancy. Ex-Collector of 
the Port of Baltimore, William M. Marine, was appointed 
by President Benjamin Harrison as his personal choice for 
that office; he is widely known in Mai-yland and in other 
States as a vigorous campaigner and a patriotic orator. He 
is engaged in the practice of law in Baltimore, is fond of 
literature, and is the author of a volume of published poems, 
entitled "The Battle of North Point and Other Poems." 
A large part of Nelson's History of Baltimore was written 
by him, one voluminous contribution being the political his- 
tory of Baltimore. A paper read by him before the Dela- 
ware Historical Society at Wilmington has been published 
by that society as the authentic history of the conflict be- 
tween the inhabitants of Lewes and the British who bom- 
barded it in April, 1813. Mr. Marine has traveled exten- 
sively at home and in Europe and has written numerous 
letters descriptive of his travels, the most recent ones, lately 
appearing in The American in reference to a trip made by 
him to Jamaica. 



372 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Mr. Marine lived in Vienna from 1847 to 1854; he first 
attended school in that village, Squire Smith being his first 
preceptor. 

William John Marine, son of Matthew, w^as educated at 
Dickinson College; studied law under Thomas Y. Walsh and 
was admitted to the Baltimore Bar in 1856. The same 
year he moved to Kansas where he remained till the late 
Civil War when he settled in Missouri, where he edited a 
newspaper devoted to the cause of the Union. He saw 
service in a Union Missouri Regiment; he edited the first 
daily newspaper in Tennessee, published at Chattanooga. 
He subsequently returned to Maryland and edited a news- 
paper at Port Tobacco. 

This sketch is imperfect and does not comprehend the 
entire membership of the family. Some of the earliest scions 
moved West, others died in childhood. There are branches 
of the family yet extant in the Northwest Fork, which sprang 
originally from some one of those names heretofore men- 
tioned, of whom Zorobable Marine, William H. Marine and 
James Marine are descended from Zorobable, son of William. 

The family was once numerous in Sussex County, Del., 
but is now extinct in name in that locality. In the latter 
part of 1700 and the early part of 1800, members of the 
family removed from the Eastern Shore to North Caro- 
lina and Ohio. Some of the North Carolinians found their 
way to Indiana, where their descendants are living at the 
present time, of whom is James Whitcoinb Riley, whose 
mother was Elizabeth Marine; from her he claimed tO' have 
received his poetical talent. The late Rev. Abijah Marine, 
a learned and eloquent divine of the Methodist Church, and 
the late John C. Merine, one of the distinguished portrait 
painters of America, and Abijah's uncle, are of the same 
family. 

The religious proclivities of the family have been affected 
by the various changes which from time to time spread over 
the peninsula. When George Fox visited the Eastern Shore, 
under his instrumentality several of them became converts 



THE PATTISONS 373 

to his faith; when Francis Asbury planted Methodism in the 
same locality, on the embers of Quakerism, they gathered 
in that fold where the most of them have since remained. 
The records of the Parish of Vienna Episcopal Church con- 
tains the names of some of them. The historic Methodist 
Church, Moor's Chapel, in Delaware, planted by Mr. Asbury, 
had Charles Marine as one of its first trustees; he was ja 
sedate old gentleman and wore Quaker garb, who n^ver 
took an affront, although belonging to a religion of peace 
he did not hesitate to use his cane when it became necessary. 
The family had its representatives in the Revolutionary 
War. During the late Civil War several of them were in 
the Federal Army from this State, while those from North 
Carolina were in the Confederate Army. 



PATTISON FAMILY. 

{Data horn J. S. S.) 

Thomas Pattison, the ancestor of this family, came to 
Maryland in 1671 and settled in Dorchester County, Decem- 
ber 20, 1 67 1. He proved his right to 400 acres for trans- 
porting intO' the province himself, Ann Pattison (his wife), 
James, Jacob, Priscilla and Ann Pattison (his children) and 
two servants. (Land Office, Lib. 16, folio 395.) He was 
appointed April 21. 1688, his Lordship's Attorney for Dor- 
chester County. (Md. Archives, viii, 30.) He died in 1701, 
and his wife Ann in 1702. He was, in 1689, Clerk of Dor- 
chester County Court. They had issue: 

1. James Pattison, of whom further. 

2. Jacob Pattison. 

3. Thomas Pattison, born 1672; died, 1743; married Mary, 
daughter of Col. St. Leger Codd. and left issue. 

4. Priscilla, married i, Nathaniel Manning; 2, Taylor. 

5. Elizabeth, married John Robson. 

6. Ann Pattison. 

7. Joan Pattison. 



374 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

8. Levina Pattison, married, i, Matthew Driver; 2, Moses 
LeCompte. 

9. Sarah Pattison, married John Abbott. 

James Pattison, eldest son of Thomas and Ann, Hved to 
an advanced old age. In 1723 he gives his age as 65 years. 
(Chancery, Lib. P.L., 974.) In 1742-43 he states that he is 80 
odd, and in 1746 his age is given as 92 or 93. (Dorchester 
Co. Rec. Lib. Old 14, 44, 75.) There is a discrepancy here, 
but it is evident that he must have been born between 1654 
and 1658. He died in 1747. By Mary his wife he had issue : 

1. John Pattison, born between 1688 and 1694; died 1774? 
leaving issue. 

2. Jacob Pattison, of whom further. 

3. William Pattison. 

4. Richard Pattison. 

5. Thomias Pattison. 

6. Ann Pattison, married Hillen of Calvert County. 

7. Elizabeth Pattison. 

8. Priscilla Pattison, married Driver. 

Jacob Pattison, son of James and Mary, died in the year 
1772. By Sarah, his wife, he had issue: 

1. Jeremiah Pattison, of whom further. 

2. Jacob Pattison, died unmarried 1776. 

3. Richard Pattison. 

4. William Pattison. 

5. Thomas James Pattison. 

6. Nancy Pattison, married James Woolford. 

7. Mary Pattison. 

8. Priscilla Pattison. 

Jeremiah Pattison, son of Jacob and Sarah, died in the 
year 1814. He married in 1759 Nancy LeCompte, daughter 
of Moses (4), and had issue as given in his will : 

1. Samuel Pattison. 

2. James Pattison, born 25th August, 1772; married, i, 
Elizabeth LeConiipte; 2, Mrs. Nancy Vickers; 3, Sallie Wool- 
ford. 



THE PATTISONS 



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THOMAS PATTERSON 

and 

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376 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

3. Henry Pattison. 

4. William Pattison. 

5. Priscilla Pattison, born 3d March, 1771; died, 30th 
June, 1845; married James Hooper. 

6. Nancy Pattison. 

7. Rebecca Pattison. 

8. Margaret Pattison. 

9. Attrelia Pattison. 

10. Mary Pattison. 

11. Sarah Pattison. 

NOTES. 

Thomas Pattison, Sen., of James' Island, Dorchester 
Coimty, will proved loth April, 1701, eldest son James, 
second son Jacob, youngest son Thomas, eldest daughter 
Priscilla Manning, second daughter Elizabeth Robson, third 
daughter Joan, fourth daughter Levina Driver, yourgest 
daughter Sarah, adopted daughter Mary Jacob, wife Ann, 
Executrix. (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 11, fol. 129.) 

Ann Pattison, widow of Thomas Pattison. of Dorchester 
County, will dated 21st January, 1701, proved 27th February, 
1702. Eldest son James Pattison, son Jacob Pattison, 
daughters Jane and Sarah, daughter Elizabeth Robson, 
daughter Levina Driver, son Thomas, daughter Priscilla 
Manning. (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 11, fol. 301.) 

24th April, 17 16. Inventory of Matthew Driver, of Dor- 
chester County, exhibited. 2d June, 1718, Levina Driver, 
Administratrix of Matthew Driver, cited to account. (Test : 
Proc. Lib. 23, fol. 35, 200.) 

nth August, 1731. Moses LeCompte and Levina, his 
wife, to "our loving son, Matthew Driver, one half ye 'The 
Grove' on James' Island." (Dor. Co. Record Lib. old 8, 
fol. 429.) 

"The Grove." 150 acres, surveyed loth January, 1671, 
for Thomas Pattison. Possessor (1707), Matthew Driver, 
who married Pattison's daughter. (Dorchester Co. Rent 
Roll.) 



THE PATTISONS 377 

27th October, 1739. James Pattison, of Dorchester 
County, planter, and Mary, his wife, to his children, Jacob, 
Elizabeth, William and Richard Pattison, 100 acres, part of 
"Armstrong's Quarter," on Taylor's Island; part of "Dover" 
(except the use of the old plantation, which I give to my 
daughter, Anne Hellings, of Calvert County); 200 acres, 
part of "Esquire's Chance," &c., &c. (Dor. Co. Rec. Lib. 
old 10, fol. 102.) 

James Pattison, will dated 7th July, proved 5th Marcji, 
1747. To John Pattison 100 acres on James' Island, to 
William and Richard Pattison 100 acres on same island, 
wife Mary, daughter Ann, to Elizabeth Pattiso-n, land on 
Taylor's Island, part of "Armstrong's Folly," to Thomas 
Pattison 100 acres, part of same tract, to Priscilla Driver, 5 
shillings, wife Mary, Executrix. (AnnapoHs Wills, Lib. 25, 
fol. 365.) 

Jacob Pattison, of Dorchester County, will dated 14th 
May, proved 24th August, 1772; son Jeremiah Pattison, 
sons Jacob, Richard, William and Thomas James Pattison; 
daughters Nancy, Woolford and Mary, Betty, and Priscilla 
Pattison; wife Sarah and sons Jacob and Richard, Executors. 
(Annapolis Wills, Lib. 38, fol. 996.) 

Jacob Pattison, will dated 21st March, proved 25th June, 
1776; my four broithers Jeremiah, Richard, William and 
Thomas James Pattison, my four sisters Nancy Woolford, 
and Mary, Elizabeth and Priscilla Pattison, my mother, 
Sarah Pattison, Executrix. (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 41, fol. 
242.) 

Jeremiah Pattison, of Dorchester County, will dated 17th 
January, proved 29th August, 1814; son Samuel, minor son 
William, son James, son Henry, daughter Priscilla Hooper, 
residuary legatees are son William and daughters Nancy, 
Rebecca, Margaret, Aurelia, Mary, and Sarah Pattison; wife 
and son Henry, Executors. (Dorchester County Wills, Lib. 
T. H. H., fol. 4.33) 



378 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Jeremiah Pattison, son of Jacob and Sarah, married in 
1759, Nancy LeCompte, daughter of Moses LeCompte (4) 
and EHzabeth Woodward. Their children: 

1. Priscilla, born March 3, 1761. 

2. James, born August 20, 1771; married EHzabeth Le- 
Compte December 8, 1802. 

3. Henry, born January 18, 1773. 

James Pattison, son of Jeremiah and Nancy (LeCompte) 
Pattison, married Elizabeth LeCompte. Their children : 

1. Jeremiah LeCompte Pattison, born January 4, 1804. 

2. Moses L. Pattison, born February 21, 1806. 

3. Anne Elizabeth, born January 4, 1807. 

4. Margaret W. Pattison, born September 21, 1809. 
James Pattison, second wife was Nancy Hearn, widow, 

nee Vickers, married March 5, 1812. Their children were: 

1. George W. Pattison, born 181 2, died infant. 

2. Emily W. Pattison, born May 20, 1814; married Wil- 
liam W. Berkley, Virginia. 

3. Mary Ann Pattison, born July 28, 1815; second wife of 
James Bryan. 

4. Henrietta Pattison, born April 7, 181 7; wife of John 
T. Stewart. 

5. William H. Pattison, born January 3, 1819. 

6. Thomas James Pattison, born September 15, 1821. 

7. Sarah Caroline Pattison, born June 12, 1827; wife of 
George Bryan, Virginia. 

8. Martha Jane Pattison, born January 21, 1832. 
Jeremiah L. Pattison married Ann LeCompte Hooper, 

first wife. Their children : 

I. Priscilla Elizabeth,^ born November 11, 1827, married 
Caleb Lockwood Shepherd, born November 18, 181 2, Au- 
gust I 1849. 



^See "Shepherd Chart" for children of Priscilla Elizabeth Pattison and 
Caleb Lockwood Shepherd. Direct descent of Shepherd is indicated by 
names in italics. 



THE PATTISONS 379 

(i) ANDREW SHEPHERD 

and 

(2) ELIZABETH (PRITCHETT) SHEPHERD, his Wife 

Married January 18, 1810 

Children 



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(1) CALEB LOCKWOOD SHEPHERD 

and 

(2) PRISCILLA ELIZABETH (PATTISON) SHEPHERD, his Wife 

Married August 2, 1849 

Children 



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(i) JAMES SANGSTON SHEPHERD 

and 

(2) ELIZABETH ELLEN (ROBERTSON) SHEPHERD 

Married October 19, 1881 

Children 



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380 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

2. Mary Caroline Pattison, married Robinson W. Cator, 
Baltimore, 

3. Anne Hooper Pattison, married Robert L. Spilman, 
Virginia. 

4. Alecia Pattison, unmarried. 

Jeremiah L. Pattison, married Harriet A. Keene, second 
wife, March 9, 1853. Their children : 

1. Everard K. Pattison, married Fannie Post, Virginia. 

2. Margaret Keene Pattison, married Wilbur F. Smith, 
Baltimore, Md. 

JOHN R. PATTISON AND HIS ANCESTRY. 

Beginning with Jeremiah Pattison, of the Pattison family 
of Dorchester County, who married in 1759, Nancy Le- 
Compte, daughter of Moses LeCompte (4), a lateral branch 
in their son Samuel Pattison, originates that is traceable to 
John R. Pattison, above-named. 

Samuel Pattison married Anne Skinner. Their children 
were: 

1. John R. Pattison, married, i, Mary A. Borroughs; 2, 
Emily J. de Vallin. 

2. Robert H. Pattison, married Katherine Woolford. 
(They were the parents of ex-Governor Robert E. Pattison, 
of Pennsylvania.) 

3. Elizabeth Pattison, married Levin H. Stewart. 

4. Lenhart Pattison, married Augustus Hooper. 

John R. Pattison and Mary A. Borroughs, his first wife, 
had issue : 

1. Annie Timmons. 

2. Harriet Toadvine. 

3. Samuel S. 

4. James B. 

5. John R. 

John R. Pattison and Emily J. deVallin, his second wife, 
had issue, namely : 

1. Mary Yates. 

2. Hugh D. 



DR. F. B. PHELPS — THE RICHARDSONS 381 

John R. Pattison, son of John R. and Mary A. Borroughs, 
his wife, is a direct offspring- from three colonial families of 
Dorchester County, viz : Pattisons, LeComptes and Skin- 
ners. He is a leading member of the bar at Cambridge 
in his native county and a local attorney for the Pennsylva- 
nia Railroad Company. He was elected State's Attorney 
for Dorchester County in 1887 for four years and was a mem- 
ber of the House of Delegates of Maryland, sessions 1900 
and 1901. At the extra session of the Legislature, held in 
1901, he voted against the repeal of the election law which 
then authorized the use of the emblematic^/ Australian ballot. 
Mr. Pattison married Miss Lillian Stapleforte; they have no 
surviving children. 



DR. F. P. PHELPS, SR. 

Francis P. Phelps, M.D., was born in Sussex County, 
Del., January 31, 1779. His father, Asahel Phelps, was- 
born in Connecticut, and traced his lineage far back to the 
early colonial period. He was a Revolutionary soldier and 
was severely wounded at the battle of Brandywine. Francis 
P. Phelps graduated in medicine in 1819; settled in Federals- 
burg, Md., where he practiced medicine until 1833; while 
living there he was elected a Member of the House of Dele- 
gates in 1828. After moving to Cambridge, he took more 
interest in political afifairs, and was elected to the House of 
Delegates in 1839, 1842; to. the Senate 1844-48, 1861, and to 
the House 1867. In 1875, he was again elected to the Senate 
of Maryland. He died November 18, 1886, in Cambridge, 
Md. 

THE RICHARDSON FAMILY 

{By Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson). 

Among the earliest settlers of importance came the Rich- 
ardsons, of England, and received thousands of acres of land 
for bringing colonists into the province. 



382 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

The Land Warrants at Annapolis bear record that between 
the years 1636 and 1695, patents for ninety thousand one 
hundred and seventeen acres of land were issued from that 
office to the various Richardsons who arrived between those 
years. 

The fact that they not only came independently, but also 
paid the transporting of hundreds of less fortunate settlers, 
proved them to- have been men of wealth and enterprise. 

Certain it is that they at once held offices of importance, 
both civil and military, for as early as 1636, in the records of 
the earliest Assembly proceedings extant, John Richardson 
appears as a member of the Assembly or House of Burgesses. 
The year following he is a Judge of the Provincial Court, 
held at "Ye Citie of St. Maries," then the capital of the 
province. 

In the year 1669 the following commission was issued to 
another of the name : 

"Charles Calvert, Esq., .Jlo Capt. George Richardson, of 
Talbot County, Greeting. According to the power to me by 
His Lordship Cecilius Committed, and upon the special 
trust and confidence I have in your fidehty, circumspection, 
courage and good conduct, I hereby ordaine, constitute and 
appoint you Captain under me of all that troop of horse that 
shall march out of Choptank and St. Michaels River, Talbot 
County." 

A little later. Major Thomas Richardson, of Baltimore 
County, distinguished himself in the Indian Wars, while his 
father, William Richardson, of Anne Arundel County, was 
serving his county as member of the House of Burgesses — ■ 
the chosen bearer of messages from the English Parliament 
from the Lower to the Upper House of the Assembly. 

This distinguished official, the direct ancestor of the Talbot, 
Caroline and Dorchester County Richardsons, was the friend 
of William Penn, who, during his visit to Maryland in 1682, 
visited the home of William Richardson, on West River, from 
which, in company with the Lord and Lady Baltimore, with 
their retinue, they all proceeded tO' a yearly meeting at Tred- 



THE RICHARDSONS 383 

haven, in Talbot County. An account of this visit is given 
by John Richardson, of London, in his Journal published in 
the year 1700. 

William Richardson, of Anne Arundel County, married 
Elizabeth Talbot, widow of Richard Talbot. She was the 
daughter of^ol t!i<^"l^i.wl Kwen.^ ^. From this couple are 
descended many of the most distinguished families of the 
State, while many of the male descendants emigrated to 
Virginia and the Carolinas, Kentucky and Tennessee, where 
they have filled the highest offices in the gift of the people. 

One of William Richardson's grandsons married Isabella 
de la Chalmes, daughter of the Marquis de la Chalmes, the 
friend and neighbor of Lord Fairfax, at whose invitation the 
Marquis came first to this county. 

From the grandson who went into Talbot County are 
descended many of the Eastern Shore Richardsons, particu- 
larly the Dorchester branch, of which Mr. Albert L. Richard- 
son, General Manager of The Wheeling Intelligencer, is the 
present head. 

Of the many members of the Talbot-Dorchester family of 
Richardsons who have filled with honor civil and military 
posts of trust from earliest times to the present, none have 
been more illustrious than Col. William. Richardson, of the 
Eastern Shore Battalion of the Flying Camp, of the Maryland 
Line in the Revolutionary War. He assisted in giving the 
British their first taste of American bayonets at Harlem, New 
York, driving them from the field. 

In 1776 this distinguished officer was member of the Mary- 
land Constitutional Convention, and in 1788 a member of 
the Convention to ratify the Constitution of the United 
States of America. From 1789 to 1793 he was Presidential 
Elector in the colleges that elected George Washington 
President. 

Col. William Richardson was born in Talbot County in the 
year 1730. As a young man he removed to Dorchester 
County, where he owned large tracts of land in the upper part 



384 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

of the county. For many years he was Treasurer of the 
Eastern Shore of Maryland. 

In the year 1773, Caroline County was cut off of Dor- 
chester, after which the Colonel found himself a resident of 
the new county. 

In the year 1776, Col. William Richardson resigned his 
seat in the Constitutional Convention in favor of Thomas 
Johnson, of Anne Arundel County, who had refused to serve 
in the Convention under the instructions of his constituents. 
Colonel Richardson conveyed one of his farms to Johnson to 
give him a residence in Caroline and then had the latter 
returned to the Convention in his place because he considered 
Johnson's services necessary to the welfare of the people. 

Another branch of the Richardsons who owned consider- 
able land in Dorchester County and who were registered as 
gentlemen of London, settled first in Talbot County about 
1725. These men, Anthony and Thomas Richardson, were 
uncles of Sir Anthony Bacon, of Glamorganshire, Wales, who 
lived in Talbot County and acted as guardian to Anthony 
Richardson's sons, Anthony, Jr., and Thomas Dickinson 
Richardson, students at Oxford, England. 

After Anthony Bacon, of Talbot County, returned to Eng- 
land, he was knighted and resided in Wales until his death. 
He left to his niece, the daughter of Thomas Bacon, of Talbot 
County, £10,000. This niece married Watkins Price, of 
Brecon, Wales. 

The Harwoods, of Talbot County, and the Passopai fam- 
ilies, of Dorchester, descend in their maternal lines from 
nieces of Sir Anthony Bacon. 

Thomas Richardson was one of His Lordship's Justices 
of the Talbot County Court in 1726 in company with Mr. 
Daniel Sherwood, Robert Goldsborough, Nicholas Golds- 
borough, Mr. Clayton and George Robinson. 

On August 2, 1726, Charles Calvert addressed a letter to 
these gentlemen approving their decision in a certain case 
and of their conduct at all times. 



HON. JAMES S. SHEPHERD 385 

The seat of the Talbot County Richardsons in England 
was at White Haven, Cumberland County. 

In England the Richardsons are among the oldest and most 
distinguished families in the realm. In the Peerage they 
rank seventy-second out of nine hundred peers. 

As early as 1631, Sir Thomas Richardson was Chief Justice 
of the King's Bench. 

The present Secretary of the Order of the Thistle, the 
highest and most exclusive order of Scotland, is Sir Thomas 
Smeaton Richardson. This Order is composed of the King 
and fourteen Knights, and is the oldest in Scotland. Sir 
Thomas lives at Pitfern Castle, Perth, and is member of the 
London clubs, such as the Carlton, etc. 

The late Attorney-General, George Richardson, of the 
Western Shore, was a descendant of William Richardson, 
the first, of Anne Arundel County, who has left a long array 
of distinguished descendants in the South and West in addi- 
tion to the many who have served with honor on the field 
and in the legislative halls of their native State. 

HON. JAMES S. SHEPHERD. 

Hon James S. Shepherd, son of Caleb Lockwood Shep- 
herd and Priscilla Elizabeth (Pattison) Shepherd, his wife, 
was born March 28, 1858, in Cambridge, Md., where he grew 
to manhood and was educated, and where he engaged in 
mercantile business and other enterprises for some years. 
He is a lineal descendant from two notable colonial families 
of Dorchester County, the Pattisons and LeComptes. (See 
family history records.) 

In 1 88 1, Mr. Shepherd married Miss Elizabeth Ellen Rob- 
ertson, daughter of Dr. Samuel Robertson and Margaret 
(Ballard) Robertson, of Somerset County, Md. In 1892 he 
was appointed Chief Deputy Clerk of Dorchester County 
Court, a clerkship which he has held ever since, except when 
temporarily absent as a member of the House of Delegates 
of the General Assembly of Maryland, at the session of 1902, 

25 



386 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

to which he was elected in November, 1901. Mr. Shepherd 
is also a member of the Bar of Dorchester County Court. 
He is an active Democrat, whose political course has ever 
been on a high and honorable plane within his own party 
lines, and who has highly respected the political rights of his 
opponents in other parties. His affable manners and oblig- 
ing disposition make him a popular Court officer. To him 
large appreciation and great credit is due for much history 
and biography data so cheerfully given for publication in this 
limited history of Dorchester County and of some of her 
people. Wherever the reference abbreviations "J. S. S." 
appear in this volume, Mr. Shepherd has furnished more or 
less data for subject matter there given. He is a member 
of the Maryland Historical Society, and takes much interest 
in local history. 

RAYMOND STAPLEFORT. 

The first Sherifif of Dorchester County was Raymond Sta- 
plefort. He came to the Province of Maryland in 1660 from 
what place there is no record, and first settled on the Western 
Shore. He was a Commissioner for Calvert County in 1664. 
Prior to 1666 he married the widow of Thomas May. In 
the month of May of that year, when an Act was passed to 
build a prison at St. Marys for 10,000 pounds of tobacco, he 
ofifered to build the prison for that amount if he could be 
appointed keeper of it for life. It is probably that he did not 
take the contract to build the prison on any terms, for, on 
April 16, 1667, a tract of land on Taylor's Island was surveyed 
for him called "The Commencement," that contained 100 
acres, and several other tracts at the same time. From the 
office of Sherifif in the county in 1669, he was appointed one 
of the County Justices, and reappointed several times, but 
when a Commissioner in 1679, complaint was made against 
him by several persons in Dorchester County, and by their 
influence, he was dismissed by the Governor. 



RAYMOND STAPLEFORT 387 

Mr. Staplefort's landed acquisitions in the county were 
large and valuable, which was devised by will, a copy of which 
is hereunder appended. 

Some of his descendants who bear the name of Staplefort 
still live on Taylor's Island, where he first settled in Dorches- 
ter County. 

COPY OF WILL OF RAYMOND STAPLEFORT. 

In the Name of God, Amen : 

I give to God my Soule that gave it mee and to the Earth 
my Body and to my sonne Charles all my lande, only Four 
Hundred Acres, I give to my sonne George Stapleford at 
the head of the Creeke and to my Daughter, Mary, I give one 
hundred acres of Lande Called by the name of Stapleford 
Lott att Charles is Creeke side and my Debts being paid I 
give all the rest of my estate to be divided to every one, Wife 
and Children a share of all my Goods and Chattells and to 
See it equally divided I leave Major Thomas Taylor and my 
Brother George Thompson; and soe I rest in God and ah 
his Saints and Angels, Amen. 

August nth., Anno Domm. 1684. (Seal). 

Rayd. Stapleford. 
Signed, sealed and delivered 
in the presence of us 

William Robson. 

William Robson, Jr. 

John Philips. 

ON THE BACK OF WILL THE FOLLOWING. 

September the 3d. 1687. 

Then was this within written Will proved by William 
Robson, Senr. & William Robson Junr. and John Phillips all 
of them the witnesses to the said Will before me 

Henry Hooper. 
True Copy: Elie Nallette 
Per C 



388 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

THE STEVENS FAMILY. 

William Stevens came tO' Maryland in 1651 with his 
family. He entered his rights 15th July, 1651, for him- 
self, Magdalen, his wife; John and William, his sons, and 
Margaret Aylin, William Hardin, Daniel Elsmore and John 
Mark "this present year." (Land Office Lib. A. B. H., fol. 
141.) The entry is made among the "demands of land made 
by the inhabitants of Patuxent River," showing that he 
first settled in what is now Calvert County. Subsequently, 
however, he remo'ved to Dorchester County, of which he 
was one of the Justices in 1669. (Md. Archives, v, 52.) The 
year of his death is unknown. By Magdalen, his wife, he 
had issue: 

1. John Stevens, of whom further. 

2. William Stevens, settled in Calvert County and left 
descendants. 

John Stevens, son of William and Magdalen, came to 
Maryland with his parents in 1651, as shown by the entry of 
rights cited above. He represented Dorchester County in 
the House of Burgesses, 1678, 1681, 1682. (Md. Archives, 
vii, 7, 125, 276.) He married Dorothy, sister of Christo- 
pher Preston. In his will, dated November 4, 1689, proved 
November 7, 1692 (Lib. 2, fol. 285), he mentions the children 
given below. His widow Dorothy made her will November 
7, 1709, and it was proved November 10, 17 10. (Lib. W. 
B., fol. 194.) She mentions her son John Stevens, her 
daughter Magdalen, widow of James Edmondson, her four 
grandchildren, Walter, Johanna, Mary and William Stevens, 
children of her son William, deceased, and Mary Stevens, 
the widow of the latter; her daughter Grade Woolford, wife 
of James Woolford; her granddaughter Sarah Edmondson, 
and her nephew Thomas Preston, son of her brother Chris- 
topher Preston. John Stevens and Dorothy (Preston) his 
wife, had issue as follows : 

I. John Stevens, of whom further. 



THE STEVENS 389 

2. William Stevens, youngest son, married, 1700, Mary 
Pryor; died in 1709, leaving four children. 

3. Magdalen Stevens, eldest daughter, married, i, James 
Edmondson; 2, Jacob Lockerman. 

4. Grace Stevens, married James Woolford (see Woolford 
family). 

John Stevens, son of John and Dorothy, is mentioned in 
his father's will as the eldest son. In a deposition made in 
1728, he gives his age as fifty-eight years, so that he was born 
in 1670 (Dorchester County Lib. 8 old, fol. 431). His will 
is not recorded and he seems to have died intestate, but in 
what year does not appear. He married between 1693 and 
1696, Ann, widow of Thomas Cooke and daughter of Dr. 
John Brooke. It is not known what issue they had, but there 
was at least one daughter. 

I. Sarah Stevens married Thomas Woolford. 

7th February, 1729, John Stevens, of Dorchester County, 
conveys tO' his grandson, Stevens Woolford, son of Thomas 
Woolford and Sarah, his wife, tract called "Stevenses Gift," 
in Dorchester County. (Dorchester County Rec, Lib. 8, 
old fol. 305.) 

NOTES. 

The Stevens family, of "Compton," on Dividing Creek, in 
Talbot County, are connected with a Dorchester County 
family of that name. 

I. Thomas Stevens, was born in 1678; died in 1762. His 
only son — 

John, born, 1735; died, 1794; married Elizabeth Connoly. 
Their children: 

1. Juliana, born, 1765; died, 1823; married Dr. Joseph 
Martin. 

2. Mary, born, 1767; died, 1828; married, i, Nathaniel 
Manning; 2, Rev. James Thomas. 

3. Henrietta, married his brother, John Thomas. 

4. Eliza, married John R. Downs; 2, Francis Rochester, 
of Queen Anne's County. 



390 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

5. Samuel, the only son who survived his parents, born 
July 13, 1778; died February 7, i860; married, in 1804, 
Eliza May, daughter of Robert and Rebecca Potts May, his 
wife, of , Chester County, Pa. 

Samuel Stevens was Governor of Maryland in 1822-23-24. 
He received and entertained General Lafayette when he 
visited the United States. Only two of Governor Stevens' 
children survived him, and only one, the youngest, left chil- 
dren, Edwin John, who married Sarah Hooper Eccleston, 
daughter of Thos. I. H. Eccleston, and Sarah Ennalls Hooper 
Eccleston, his wife. 

HON. JAMES A. STEWART. 

The late Hon. James Augustus Stewart was born in Dor- 
chester County, Md., on the 24th day of November, A. D. 
1808. For many years he resided at Cambridge, in his native 
county, where he was regarded as one of the most estimable 
and public spirited citizens. He was the eldest of seven sons 
and five daughters, of Joseph Stewart and Rachel (Linthi- 
cum) Stewart, his wife, who resided in Dorchester County. 
His paternal ancestors came to this country from Scotland. 

Joseph Stewart, the father of our subject, was well known 
in his day as a useful and exemplary citizen. He died on 
the 4th of August, 1839, in the sixty-fifth year of his age, and 
his widow died April 7, 1856, in her seventy-third year. Mr. 
Stewart's limited education caused him to appreciate the 
importance of giving his children better advantages in this 
respect. They were liberally educated. The son, James A. 
was first sent to a country school, where he made special 
efTort to master every branch to which attention was directed. 
At the age of fifteen he was sent to Franklin College, in Bal- 
timore, where he made rapid progress, especially in mathe- 
matics. Entertaining a preference for the law, he chose 
that profession, and began its study in the year 1827 in the 
ofiice of Major Ebenezer L. Finley. In 1829 he was ad- 
mitted to the Bar in Baltimore. He immediately removed 
to Cambridge and at the April term was admitted to practice 



HON. JAMES A. STEWART 391 

in that court, then composed of Hons. Wm. Bond Martin, 
Ara Spence and William Tingle. The Bar then consisted 
of learned members of the profession, among- them were 
Josiah Bayly (afterwards Attorney-General of the State), 
Hon. John Leeds Kerr (subsequently a U. S. Senator), Pitt, 
Page, Nabb, R. N. Martin, Bullett, Lockerman, James Alfred 
Pierce and others, a majority of whom were members of the 
Adams party, while Mr. Stewart's views at this time on 
the national issues impressed him that the principles of the 
Democratic party were best for the country; he therefore 
allied himself with the Jackson party. 

At this period political discussions partook much of per- 
sonal rancor and vituperation. Professional standing and suc- 
cess depended greatly upon partisan sentiment and rivalry. 
He had to- share the fate of his party, and honorably endeav- 
ored to maintain a firm position in support of its principles. 
As an incident of the times, the following "affair of honor," in 
v/hich he became involved with the Hon. Henry Page, may 
be mentioned : Mr. Page was then a member of the same 
Bar, a leading politician of the Adams party and afterwards 
a distinguished State Senator. Mr. Stewart took exceptions 
to certain conduct of Mr. Page, which was not sufficiently 
explained, consequently he sent him the usual invitation for 
a hostile meeting according to the code, which was accepted, 
and the parties met on the selected ground the next morning; 
they drew lots and at the distance of ten paces exchanged 
shots without serious effect. The previous difficulty was 
amicably adjusted and friendly relations resumed. 

In 1832 Mr. Stewart was one of the Electoral candidates 
for General Jackson in the Presidential campaign; the State 
was then divided into districts, the Eastern Shore counties 
constituted one district with three Electors. Henry Miller, 
of Cecil, and Richard H. Spence, of Talbot, were with him 
on the ticket. Hon. Albert Constable, Robert H. Golds- 
borough and John N. Steele were the opposing candidates, 
and were elected. 



392 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

In 1837 Mr. Stewart married Rebecca Sophia Eccleston, 
daughter of Wm. Washington Eccleston, Register of Wills, 
of Dorchester County. By this marriage there were six 
children, three sons and three daughters. In 1843 he was 
elected to the Legislature; his election was regarded as a 
great triumph for him and his party; he served on the Com- 
mittee of Ways and Means with the late Chancellor Johnson, 
who was chairman, and James Murray, a distinguished law- 
yer, the other members. He was a Delegate to the National 
Convention, which met at Baltimore in 1844, and nominated 
James K. Polk for President; was also a member of the 
National Convention at Cincinnati in 1856 that nominated 
James Buchanan for President. In 1854, after the resig- 
nation of Judge Ara Spence, Mr. Stewart was recom- 
mended by the Bar, without party distinction, for the judicial 
vacancy, and was at once commissioned by Governor Ligon 
Judge of tfi"e Twelfth Judicial Circuit. Upon the expira- 
tion of his judicial term he declined a nomination for 
Judge, preferring to be a candidate for Congress, although 
the district was doubtful and the chances against him. 
He was, however, elected to Congress over his competitor, 
Hon. John Dennis, by a small majority. In 1856, while 
in Congress, he took front rank in discussions on national 
questions of law and party policies. Throughout his con- 
gressional term of six years, he diligently discharged his 
duties and ably represented the people of his district. 
At the close of his last term in 1861, he retired from poli- 
tics to practice his profession, where he devoted himself 
until 1867, when he was elected Chief Judge of the First 
Judicial Circuit, under the three-judge system adopted by the 
Constitutional Convention that year. Under the judicial 
system his election as Chief Judge made him a member of 
the Court of Appeals. He continued a member of the Court 
until his death, April 3, 1879, then over seventy years of 
age. His widow and five children survived him to mourn 
their irreparable loss. Judge Stewart was a progressive man 
of enterprise in Cambridge. He built a number of houses 



THE VANS MURRAYS 393 

in the town and also conducted a large shipbuilding- industry 
and built a number of vessels there, and at Church Creek, 
one fine vessel of his, a bark, was lost at sea with all on board 
on her first voyage. 

The eldest son of Judge Stewart and wife, is Major Wil- 
liam E. Stewart, of Easton, a practicing lawyer who was 
prosecuting attorney there for twelve years. When living 
in his native county, Dorchester, he was elected a Delegate 
to the General Assembly of Maryland in 1868. While liv- 
ing in Baltimore, he was elected for two terms to the Legis- 
lature of Maryland, and was also a member of the City 
Council two terms. Some years ago he returned to Easton 
to practice his profession, where he is still an able and in- 
fluential member of the Bar. He has always been an active 
politician of attraction and force. 

Alfred R. Stewart, the second son, was also admitted to the 
Bar, but never practiced law; he lived a number of years in 
the western section of the United States. Since his return 
he accepted a position with the Standard Publishing Com- 
pany, and at the present time (1902) is Clerk at the Cam- 
bridge Postofifice. Mr. Stewart has always taken an active 
part in party politics. 

Donald Stewart, third son, since his maturity, has always 
been engaged in the mercantile business, and has acquired 
considerable means by strict attention to his enterprise. 

Two single daughters reside at the Stewart home, lately 
bereft of their mother, Mrs. Rebecca Stewart, who died May 
3, 1899. 

HON. VANS MURRAY. 

The following sketch of the Vans Murrays is largely 
quoted from a record made by Hon. Clement Sulivane. 

Wm. Vans Murray, of Dorchester County, was a cousin 
and ward of the then Duke of Athol, chief of the Murray clan 
in Scotland, and having embraced the cause of the Protector 
in the rebellion of 17 15, after its suppression he was obliged 
to fly for his life and escaped to France. From there he 



> 'd 



l/AA^-H^, y^AAAy 



394 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

emigrated to Maryland, and settled in the village of Cam- 
bridge, Dorchester County. He was a very young man at 
the time and only had fifty guineas as his fortune when he 
arrived. He was a physician, his practice brought him a 
large fortune. In the year 1739 he purchased from the orig- 
inal patentee of Lord Baltimore about one-third of the land 
forming the present site of Cambridge. Dr. Murray died 




Dans /Dburras Hrms, 

in 1759, leaving five children, one of vvdioni, James Murray 
by name, was the father of William Vans Murray, who was 
born in Cambridge about 1765, and died in 1803. Very soon 
after the Revolution he was sent to England to be educated. 
There he studied law, and married Miss Charlotte Higgins, 
oif England. * * * it appears she did not come with 
her husband to America, but came some time later. 



COL. JAMES WALLACE 395 

In the March term of Dorchester County Court, 1791, Mr. 
Murray was admitted to the Bar, and was elected to^ Con- 
gress that year at the age of twenty-five, and was twice re- 
elected thereafter. He was appointed Foreign Minister to 
The Hague by President Adams in 1800. While in Holland, 
he was appointed one of the three Ministers Plenipotentiary 
to negotiate a treaty with France in 1799. After the election 
of President JefTerson and the return of Minister Murray 
to Cambridge, he only lived about two years and died on a 
visit to Philadelphia in 1803. 

From the Baltimore paper, Telegraph and Daily Adver- 
tiser, Friday, November 7, 1800, is here copied foreign news, 
which shows what eminent service Mr. Murray was then 
rendering his country. 

GLORIOUS NEWS. 

Paris, October 3. 
A convention of amity and commerce between French 
Republic and the United States of America was signed the 
day before yesterday by the French plenipotentiaries, Joseph 
Bonaparte, C. P. Claret, Flerieu and Roederer, and the 
American Commissioners, Oliver Elsworth, W. R. Davy 
and W. V. Murray. 

COL. JAMES WALLACE. 

Col. James Wallace was born in Dorchester County, Md. 
March 17, 181 8. His parents were Robert Wallace and 
Susan Wallace, nee LeCompte, great-granddaughter of John 
LeCompte, a Huguenot refugee, who came to this country 
after the treaty of Ryswick and settled in Dorchester County. 
The paternal grandfather of Col. James Wallace served in 
the Revolutionary War under General Smallwood. 

Colonel Wallace was graduated at Dickinson College, Car- 
lisle, Pa., in 1840, and two years later was admitted to the 
Bar in Cambridge, having studied law under the late Henry- 
Page. In 1854 he was elected to the House of Delegates; 



396 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

he was a Presidential Elector at large in 1856, voting for Mil- 
lard Fillmore; the same year he was elected to the State 
Senate, serving until 1858. 

In politics he was an old line Whig and in later years was 
identified with the Republican party. After 1858 he took 
no active part in politics, although he was several times prom- 
inently mentioned for Governor. 

At the solicitation of Gov. Hicks, he accepted a commis- 
sion from the Secretary of War and raised the First Maryland 
Eastern Shore Volunteer Regiment in the Civil War. He 
was engaged in military duty on the Eastern Shores of Mary- 
land and Virginia from the organization of the regiment until 
1863. His command was with the Army of the Potomac in 
1863, under General Lockwood, forming part of his inde- 
pendent brigade of Marylanders. 

In his official report of the battle of Gettysburg, General 
Meade especially commended the Maryland Brigade for gal- 
lant service on that occasion. Towards the close of 1863, 
Colonel Wallace resigned his position in the Army and 
resumed the practice of his profession, but subsequently 
abandoned it to engage extensively in the more congenial 
pursuit of agriculture. He is said to have planted and cul- 
tivated the first large peach orchard in Dorchester County, 
and up to the time of his death was considered perhaps the 
most successful horticulturist in the State. 

He manifested, at all times, the liveliest interest in the 
improvements and progress of the town and county and was 
foremost in all the leading enterprises of the community. 

He died February 12, 1887, and no higher eulogy could 
be pronounced upon any man than to say he possessed this 
transcendent gift, to impress his ideas upon the age in which 
he lived. 

JAMES WALLACE. 

James Wallace, son of Col. James Wallace and Annie E. 
Wallace (nee Phelps), was born January 5, 1850, at Cam- 
bridge, Md. 



JAMES WALLACE 397 

Mr. Wallace, after leaving the Cambridge Academy, 
entered the Freshman Class of Dickinson College as a 
member of the now celebrated Class of '70, continued his 
studies at Dickinson until the Junior Year, when he was com- 
pelled to return home on account of the breaking down of 
his health. 

He regained his health in a year or so and entered into 
the then undeveloped business of packing canned goods and 
vegetables and oysters in connection with his father, under 
the firm name of Jas. Wallace & Son. 

They were the pioneers of this industry in Dorchester 
and from their primitive beginning have built up a large and 
lucrative business, their brands of goods are now sold and 
recognized the country over as one of the leading brands in 
this line of industry. 

The packing business was under the active management 
and control of the junior Mr. Wallace, and its success is 
attributable to- his industry and business sagacity. 

In 1888 Mr. Wallace married Miss Emma McComas, 
daughter of F. C. McComas, Esq., of Hagerstown, Md. 
By this marriage they have two children, Katharine and 
James Wallace, Jr. 

Mr. Wallace, while devoting his time particularly to the 
packing and other business enterprises with which he is 
connected, always took an active interest in the political 
affairs of his county and State, being actively identified with 
the Republican party; he persistently, however, refused a 
number of nominations tendered him by his party, the only 
time he consented to accept a nomination he was elected a 
member of the Maryland Legislature of 1882. 

In addition to the canned goods business, Mr. Wallace 
has at all times been an ardent and zealous worker for the 
improvement of his town and county, and has ever stood 
ready to aid and foster all enterprises looking toward the 
industrial development of the city of his birth. 

Mr. Wallace was one of the incorporators of the Dorches- 
ter National Bank and is now its Vice-President, also one 



398 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

of the organizers and incorporators of the Cambridge Water 
Co., the Cambridge Mfg. Co., the Cambridge Gas Co., and 
the Eastern Shore Trust Co., being a Director in all of the 
above corporations and President of the Cambridge Water 
Co., also of the Cambridge Mfg. Co.; has done his full share 
in connection with a number of young men who came to 
the front with him to make Cambridge the largest and most 
progressive town on the Maryland and Delaware Peninsula. 
Mr. Wallace is also extensively interested in fruit and veg- 
etable raisinof on his fertile farms near Cambridge. 



THE WOOLFORDS AND WHITELEY 
CONNECTIONS. 

Roger Woolford, the first of that name to settle in Mary- 
land, came from England and first settled on the Eastern 
Shore of Virginia. Soon thereafter he came to Maryland and 
permanently located on the Manokin River. (Family tradi- 
tion claims that his ancestors lived in Wales and that one 
of them went to England as a soldier with William the Con- 
queror.) 

After the arrival of Roger Woolford in Maryland, about 
1662, on August 13 of that year (data from J. S. S.), "he 
had a warrant for 600 acres of land, for which he enters rights 
for his own transportation and undertakes to enter other 
rights in due course." (Land Office, Lib. 5, fol. 210.) Feb- 
ruary 4, 1663, he demands land for himself, Mary Woolford, 
Mary Woolford again, and other persons. (Land Office, 
Lib. 6, fol. 134.) July 10, 1665, he enters rights for the 
transportation into the Province, of Levin and Sarah Den- 
Wood, John Wells, Martha Robinson and Owen Mackara. 
(Land Office, Lib. 8, fol. 486.) And February 13, 1667, 
he enters rights for Mary Thomas, Elizabeth and Rebecca 
Denwood, Richard Prinum, Barbary Gilbert, Thomas 
Somers and Elizabeth Gradwell. (Land Office, Lib. 11, 
fol. 229, 359.) With Levin and Thomas Denwood he reg- 



THE WOOLFORDS AND VVHITELEY CONNECTIONS 399 

isters his mark for cattle in Somerset County, June 7, 1666. 
(Somerset County Records.) 

He was one of the Justices for Somerset County in 1676, 
'80, '89, '94 (Mel. Archives, xv, 77-216, 275, 328; xiii, 224; 
Md. Council Proceedings), and represented the county 
in the House of Burgesses 1671, '74, '75' '78, '81, '82. (Md. 
Archives, ii, 239, 311, 422; vii, 7, 125, 307.) He died in 
1701. In his will, proved February 26, 1701, he calls him- 
self Roger Woolford, of Monocan (i. e., Manokin), Somerset 
County, and mentions his sons, Roger, Levm and James, 
and his daughter Sarah. His wife and his son Levin are 
appointed executors. He married Mary, daughter of Levin 
Denwood, Senr. (see Denwood family), and had issue as 
follows, the dates of birth being taken from Somerset County 
Records : 

1. Mary Woolford, mentioned in entry of rights, Feb- 
ruary 4, 1663 (see above). 

2. Elizabeth Woolford, born February 8, 1664. 

3. Rosanna Woolford, born March i, 1666. 

4. Roger Woolford, born July 20, 1670, of whom further. 

5. Sarah Woolford, born March 8, 1672. 

6. Ann Woolford, born August 26, 1675. 

7. James Woolford, born September 9, 16(77; married 
March 11, 1698, Grace Stevens, of Dorchester County 
(Friends' Records). 

8. Levin Woolford, born Septem.ber 20, 1683. 

All of the above children, except Mary, were born at 
Manokin. 

Col. Roger Woolford, son of Roger and Mary, was born, 
as above stated, at Manokin, Somerset County, July 20, 
1670. After his marriage he removed to Dorchester County, 
of which he was one of the Justices in 1696 (MS. Council 
Book). Fie was Burgess for Dorchester County, 1707, '14, 
'15, '19, '20 (House Journal). In 1729 he was one of the 
Justices of the Provincial Court of Maryland (Commission 
Book). He married Elizabeth, daughter of Bartholomew 
Ennalls, of Dorchester County, August 5. 1695 (Evidence). 



400 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

John Ennalls, of Dorchester County, conveys to Roger 
Woolford, Gent., of said county, all his right, title, etc., to 
two tracts of land lying on Little Choptank River, viz : 
"John's Point," 200 acres, and "Addition" to "John's Point," 
45 acres, now in the occupation of the said Roger Woolford 
in right of wife Elizabeth, sister to him, the said John 
Ennalls, together with all the stock of cattle, etc., which 
Bartholomew Ennalls, father of him, the said John Ennalls, 
devised by his last will and testament to the said Elizabeth 
for the term of her natural life with reversion and remainder 
to him, the said John Ennalls. (See Dorchester County 
Records, Lib. 5, old fol. 62.) Col. Roger Woolford died in 
1730. In his will, dated October 7, proved December 8, 
1730, he mentions his son John, his daughter Rosanna Wool- 
ford, his daughter Sarah, wife of John Jones; his daughter 
Mary, wife of John Pitts; his daughter Elizabeth, wife of 
Thomas Hicks; his grandchildren, Roger and Mary Pitts; 
his son Stevens; his grandson Roger Woolford, son of 
Thomas. His wife, Elizabeth, and his sons, Thomas and 
John, are appointed executors. (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 20, 
fol. 119.) 

Col. Roger Woolford and Elizabeth (Ennalls), his wife, 
had issue as follows: 

Twins — I. Mary Woolford, born February 29, 1691 (Som- 
erset County Records); married John Pitts. 2. Elizabeth 
Woolford, born February 29, 1691 (Somerset Records); mar- 
ried Thomas Hicks. 

3. John Woolford, died in 1750; married Mary Brown. 
Had issue in Somerset County. 
9 4. Thomas Woolford, of whom further. 

5. Rosanna Woolford. 

6. Sarah Woolford, married John Jones. 

Thomas Woolford, son of Col. Roger and Elizabeth, was 
probably born about 1700, in Dorchester County, after his 
father settled there. He was one of the Justices of Dor- 
chester County, 1726-33, and was of the Quorum, 1732-33 
(Commission Book). He died in 175 1. His will, dated 



THE WOOLFORDS AND WHITELEY CONNECTIONS 4OI 

October 29, 1750, proved November 2, 175 1, mentions the 
children named below (see Annapolis Wills, Lib. 28, fol. 
180). He married Sarah, daughter of John Stevens, and 
had issue, namely: 

1. Thomas Woolford, married Mollie Taylor. 

2. Roger Woolford, married Elizabeth Jones. 
»> 3. Stevens Woolford, of whom further. 

4. Bartholomew Woolford, "Batty," married Mollie 
Keene. 

5. Levin Woolford, married "Batty's" widow. 
• 6. James Woolford, married Nancy Pattison. 

7. John Woolford. 

8. Nancy Woolford, married, i, Robert Mills; 2, 

Eskridge. 

FAMILY HISTORY DATA. 

Thomas Woolford, son of Roger Woolford and Elizabeth 
(Jones) Woolford, his wife, was born January 10, 1755. ' He 
was commissioned Captain of the 6th Independent Com- 
pany of Dorchester County Volunteers January 5, 1776, 
to battle for American Independence in the Revolutionary 
War. For his commanding ability as an officer and bravery 
in battles, he received the following promotions : Major, 
February 20, 1777; Lieutenant-Colonel of the 2d Maryland 
Battalion, April 17, 1777; Lieutenant-Colonel commanding 
5th Maryland Regiment, October 20, 1779. Colonel Wool- 
ford, first as Captain at the battle of Long Island, Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel at White Plains, and on other fields of conflict, 
reached the height of a soldier's fame when half of his brave 
command was killed, wounded or captured in the battle of 
Catawba Ford, on the Wateree River, in Carolina, where he 
was wounded by a shot that broke his thigh and w^as taken 
prisoner August 20, 1780. He was exchanged December 
20, 1780, then transferred to the 4th Maryland Infantry, 
January i, 1781, and retired from army service January i, 

1783. ' 

26 



402 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Colonel Woolford married Elizabeth Woolford, daughter 
of . They had four sons and two daughters, John, Wil- 
liam, Roger, Isabella, Elizabeth and Thomas, Jr. He died 
October 8, 1841. Isabella, his daughter, was born Novem- 
ber 12, 1785; married, i, George Applegarth, who died 
without heirs; 2, Thomas Byus. They had six children, four 
sons and two daughters. 

Thomas Woolford, Jr., son of Colonel Thomas and Eliza- 
beth, his wife, was born September 12, 1787. He married 

Priscilla Jones, daughter of ; she was born February 10, 

1794. They had eight sons and three daughters, namely: 

I. Elizabeth, born November 29, 1815; died February 
20, 1878. 

2. Thomas, born 18 18. 

3. Alexander, born 1820. 

4. John Wesley, born December 25, 1821. 

5. Julia, born 1823. 

6. Jethro, born May 23, 1827. 

7. Richard, born . 

8. Mary Isabella, born January 18, 183 1. 

9. W^m. Washington, born July i, 1832. 
10. Jos. F., born November 28, 1834. 

II. Nathaniel, born April 11, 1838; died . 



Thomas Woolford, father of these children, died July 3, 
1866. His daughter, Elizabeth, first married John Eskridge, 
who died leaving two children, Lillie Louisa and John E. 
Eskridge. His widow next married James Craig, in 1840; 
their children were Julia Miranda, who died in youth, and 
James W. Craig, still surviving. Elizabeth (Woolford) 
Eskridge Craig died February 20, 1878; James Craig, her 
husband, was born October 31, 1812, and died March 13, 
1897. 

James W. Craig, their son, was born February 14, 1844; 
married JuHa A. Cooke in 1866; their children are: 

1. James Hermon Craig. 

2. Edith May Craig. 

3. E. Allan Craig. 



THE WOOLFORDS AND WHITELEY CONNECTIONS 4O3 

4. Julia Elizabeth Craig. 

5. Henry Cooke Craig. 

6. Thomas B. Craig. 

These children are in direct line of descent from Col. 
Thomas Woolford, of Revolutionary fame. 

Julia A. Woolford, sister of Elizabeth (Woolford) Eskridge 
Craig, married Rev. James Thompson, a native of Ireland. 
He was a minister in the Methodist Protestant Church for 
some years. 

Their children are Rev. William Thompson, now a minis- 
ter in the Methodist Episcopal Church in the State of 
Massachusetts; Mary E., married Mr. Cook, of Washington; 
and Adam Clark Thompson, who- are also lineal descendants 
of Col. Thomas Woolford. 

{Data from J. S. S.) 

Stevens Woolford, son of Thomas and Sarah, was born 
before 1729, since 7th February, 1729, John Stevens, of 
Dorchester County, conveys to his grandson, Stevens Wool- 
ford, son of Thomas Woolford and Sarah, his wife, a tract 
called "Stevenses Gift," lying in Dorchester County (Dor- 
chester County Records, Lib. 8, old fol. 305). The date of 
his death cannot be ascertained owing to the destruction of 
the Dorchester County Testamentary Records. He married 
Elizabeth, daughter of Arthur Whiteley (see Whiteley fam- 
ily), and had issue as follows: 

1. Mary Woolford, born October 5, 1753; married John 
Hooper (see Hooper family). 

2. Betty Woolford, born June 5, 1756. 

3. Katie Woolford, born January 23, 1758. 

4. Nancy Woolford, born May 10, 1760. 

5. Stevens Whiteley Woolford, born August i, 1762, of 
whom further. 

6. Arthur Whiteley Woolford, born March i, 1765. 

7. Rosanna Woolford, born January 18, 1768. 

The above dates of birth are extracted from Dorchester 
Parish Register. 



404 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Stevens Whiteley Woolford, son of Stevens and Elizabeth, 
was born August i, 1762. He married, 8th February, 1783, 
Eleanor, daughter of Roger Jones (Dorchester Parish Reg- 
ister). His will, dated i8th September, 1827, and proved 
5th November, 1832, is recorded at Cambridge (Lib. T. H. 
H., No. I, fol. 188); it mentions his wife, Eleanor, and the 
following children : 

1. Stevens Woolford, born 12th May, 1784 (Dorchester 
Parish Register). 

2. Whitefield Woolford. 

3. Hiram Woolford. 

4. Mary Woolford, married Jones. 

5. Sarah Woolford. 

Arthur Whiteley, of Dorchester County, was born about 
1652. In a deposition made in 1730, he gives his age as 78 
years (Chancery, Lib. L R., No. i, fol. 318). He married 
Elizabeth, widow of William Rich, of Talbot County, and 
9th March, 1705, he gives to "my four children, William, 
Peter, Mary and Elizabeth Rich, three cows, marked with 
the probe mark of William Rich, late of Talbot County, 
deceased, and two mares, branded W. R." (Dorchester 
County County Records, Lib. 6, old fol. 80). loth August, 
1705, Arthur Whiteley, of Dorchester County, and Eliza- 
beth, his wife, convey to Daniel Sherwood a tract called 
"The Adventure," containing 412 acres, in Dorchester 
County (Dorchester County Records, Lib. 6, old fol. 70). 

Before 17 19 Elizabeth was dead and he had married a 
second wife, Joan, since 12th August, 17 19, Arthur Whiteley, 
of Dorchester County, and Joan, his wife, execute a deed to 
Thos. Nevett (Dorchester County Records, Lib. 2, old fol. 
2). His will, dated 20th January, 1729, proved March 12, 
1735 (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 21, fol. 532), mentioned his 
son, Arthur Rich Whiteley, who is appointed executor, and 
his sons, Anthony, Alexander, Augustus and Abraham 
Bing Whiteley. The issue of Arthur Whiteley, by his two 
wives, was as follows : 



THE WOOLFORDS AND WHITELEY CONNECTIONS 4O5 

1. Arthur Rich Whiteley. of whom further. 

2. Anthony Whiteley. settled in Philadelphia. 

3. Alexander Whiteley. 

4. Augustus Whiteley. 

5. Abraham Bing Whiteley. 

Arthur Rich Whiteley was the son of Arthur Whiteley 
and Elizabeth, his wife, widow of William Rich. He lived 
on a tract called "Harwood's Choice." 27th November, 
1752, Anthony Whiteley, of Philadelphia, Pa., Gent., con- 
veys to Arthur Whiteley of Dorchester County, Md., all 
his right, title, etc., to "Harwood's Choice," being the plan- 
tation on which said Arthur lives, and an adjacent tract 
called "Henry's Choice" (Dorchester County Records, Lib. 
14, old fol. 683). In his will, dated 15th April, 1766, proved 
23d November, 1771 (Annapolis Wills, Lib. 38, fol. 537), he 
omits his middle name and calls himself simply Arthur 
Whiteley. He mentions in it his wife, Katharine, and the 
following children : 

1. Arthur Whiteley (executor of his father's will). 

2. William Rich Whiteley. 

3. Betty Whiteley, married Stevens Woolford (see Wool- 
ford family). 

4. Mary Whiteley, married Travers. 

5. Sarah Whiteley, married John Stevens. 

6. Nancy Whiteley. 

In addition to these children, he mentions his grandsons, 
Arthur Stevens, son of John Stevens, and Arthur Woolford, 
son of Stevens Woolford. 

From Col. Thomas Woolford, son of Col. Roger Wool- 
;ford, herein named, another branch of the family began with 
his son Stevens, better known as Rev. Stephen Woolford, who 
married Elizabeth Whiteley, sister of Colonel Whiteley, of 
Caroline County. They had three sons and seven daughters, 
already herein named. He died in the year 1800, 71 years 
of age. His son. Rev. Stephen B. Woolford, married a 



406 HISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY 

Miss Custis, of the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Their sons 
were Stephen, George Whitefield and Hiram W. Woolford; 
Hiram W. married Busick, daughter of , of Dor- 
chester County, Md. They had four sons and six daugh- 
ters, viz: Stephen B., Hiram W., Jr., James L., and 
Wm. W.; Caroline, Sarah, Mary Ann, EHzabeth, Sarah E. 
and Henrietta. Hiram W. Woolford, Sr., died in March, 
1862, at Milton. He was a land owner and slave-holder. 
Had been elected Judge of the Orphans' Court and several 
times a member of the Board of County Commissioners, of 
which he was President. In politics, he was an "old line 
Whig," and a stanch friend of Thomas Holliday Hicks. 
Stephen, one of the sons of Hiram, was a mariner and cap- 
tain of sail vessels for some years, and died when about 48 
years of age. Hiram W. was also a mariner and died at the 
age of 26. James L. was also- a youthful captain on his 
father's vessel until 1862, when he went "South" and volun- 
teered in the Confederate Army, November 20, 1862. He 
was a brave soldier and was wounded three times in the 
battles at Gettysburg, and only surrendered when he could 
neither fight nor retreat. After being kept in the Federal 
hospitals for some time, he was sent to Fort McHenry, and 
from there was exchanged March 20, 1864, to enter again 
the conflict of civil war. From this time on he was in 
numerous skirmishes and battles, suffered many hardships 
and privations until the close of the war for the cause of his 
political convictions. He returned tO' his home in Maryland 
and resumed his citizenship, acknowledging what the sword 
had settled for his country to> be final, he became a firm and 
honest supporter of the Union, for oiie country and one 
people. 

A return to civil life did not take away from him all the 
charms of military service. He raised a volunteer militia 
company in Cambridge, called the "Lloyd Guards," then 
said to be one of the finest drilled companies in the State, 
and its personnel was beyond the conception of an old time 
soldier. Soon after he formed the Third Maryland Bat- 



THE WOOLFORDS AND WHITELEY CONNECTIONS 407 

talion, and was elected its Colonel. This Battalion was 
regarded as being the finest body of men in the service, and 
always received honorable mention in Brigade Reports, 
being well drilled, finely dressed and handsome in appear- 
ance. No doubt Colonel Woolford and his staff were proud 
of that command. For twelve years they were the flower of 
the Maryland National Guard and as true soldiers as ever 
stood in the "Old Maryland Line." 

Colonel Woolford's first business venture after his return 
from the South, was in the commission business at Baltimore 
for eight years. From there he went to Cambridge and 
engaged in the oyster business, where he built up one of the 
largest trades on the Eastern Shore. His liberal disburse- 
ments in this business were beneficial to many laboring peo- 
ple, but did not yield him- a profitable return. In 1893 he 
removed to Baltimore, where he is now in business. 

His family consists of his wife, the daughter of Charles 
Breerwood, of Town Point, whose mother was the daughter 
of Samuel Hooper. Their three childrn, Gertrude N., Nellie 
C. and W. Clyde Woolford, reside with their parents. 

Other branches of the Woolford family have received 
biographical notice in "Portrait and Biographical Record 
of the Eastern Shore of Maryland." 



APPENDIX. 



ASSEMBLY DELEGATES AND BURGESSES. 
COLONIAL PERIOD. 

1669-71 — Richard Preston, non-resident Assembly Delegate; Daniel 
Clark, non-resident Burgess. 

1671-74 — Daniel Clark, William Ford, Henry Trippe, Burgesses or 
Delegates. 

1674-75 — Daniel Clark, Henry Trippe, Burgesses or Delegates. ; 

1681 — Bartholomew Ennalls, Dr. John Brooks. 

1682 — Henry Trippe, Bartholomew Ennalls, Assembly Delegates. 

October 2, 1683 — Bartholomew Ennalls. October 5 Mr. Ennalls asked 
the House to dispense with his services the remainder of the session, 
which was refused. 

April I, 1684 — Capt. William Frazier (?), Bartholomew Ennalls (fined 
for absence, ten pounds sterling). Dr. John Brooks. 

May 14, 1692 — Henry Trippe, Dr. John Brooks, Thomas Ennalls, Edward 
Pinder. 

1693 — Maj. Henry Trippe, Dr. John Brooks, Thomas Ennalls, Edward 
Pinder. 

1694 — John Pollard, Henry Hooper, Thomas Hicks, Thomas Ennalls. 
— ' 1695 — John Pollard, Maj. Henry Hooper, Thomas Ennalls, Thomas 
Hicks. Pollard's salary was 2240 pounds of tobacco, from October 4 to 
October 19, 16 days attendance. Ennalls, 9 days, 1260 pounds. Each mem- 
ber was allowed 80 pounds per day for 6 days, traveling expenses, coming 
and going. 

1696 — The same. 

1697 — The same. 

May 10, 1698 (first session) — Thomas Hicks. Walter Campbell, Jacob 
Lockerman. (Thos. Ennalls sick.) 

October 20, 1698 — Same Delegates (second session). 

June 29, 1699 — The same Delegates. 

May 8, 1701 — Thomas Ennalls, Jacob Lockerman, Hugh Eccleston, John 
LeCompte. 

March 16, 1702 — The same Delegates. 



4IO APPENDIX 

1703 — No record. 

December 5, 1704 — Hugh Eccleston, John Taylor, John Hudson, Joseph 
Ennalls. 

1705 — Hugh Eccleston, John Taylor, John Hudson, Joseph Ennalls. 

April 2, 1706 — Hugh Eccleston, John Taylor, John Hudson, Joseph 
Ennalls. 

March 6, 1707 — Hugh Ennalls, John Hudson, Joseph Ennalls, Roger 
Woolford. 

1708 — Hugh Eccleston, John Hudson, Joseph Ennalls, Roger Woolford. 

October 26, 1709 — Hugh Eccleston, Walter Campbell, Joseph Ennalls, 
John Hudson. (Writs were issued for the election of two members to 
serve in the place of Joseph Ennalls, deceased, and Roger Woolford, com- 
missioned sheriff.) 

October 24, 1710 — Hugh Eccleston, Walter Campbell, John Hudson, 
Thomas Hicks. 

October 23, 171 1— Walter Campbell, John Hudson, Thomas Hicks, 
Robert Skinner. (Writ for an election of a member in place of Hugh 
Eccleston, deceased. Robert Skinner elected to vacancy.) 

October 28, 1712 — Roger Woolford, Henry Ennalls, Covert Lockerman, 
Henry Trippe. 

October 27, 1713 — Roger Woolford, Henry Ennalls, Covert Lockerman. 

June, 1714 — Capt. Henry Trippe (first session, no record), Maj. Roger 
Woolford, Capt. Henry Ennalls, Covert Lockerman. 

October 5, 1714 (second session) — Capt. Henry Ennalls, Covert Locker- 
man, Henry Trippe, Roger Woolford. 

April 26, 1715 (first session under reign of King Ceorge) — Roger Wool- 
ford, Henry Trippe, John Hudson, Peter Taylor. 

1715 (second session) — Maj. Roger Woolford, Captain Henry Trippe, 
John Hudson, Peter Taylor. 

April 23, 1716 — John Brannock, Peter Taylor Tobias Pollard, John 
Meekins (session prorogued). 

July 7, 1716 — John Brannock, Peter Taylor, Tobias Pollard, John 
Meekins (session porogued). 

May 28, 1717 — Peter Taylor, Tobias Pollard, John Meekins, John Bran- 
nock (session prorogued). 

April 22, 1718 — Tobias Pollard, John Meekins, Peter Taylor, John Bran- 
nock. 

May 14. 1719 — Maj. Roger Woolford, Capt. John Rider, Peter Taylor, 
John Brannock. 

April 5, 1720 — John Brannock, Col. Roger Woolford, Capt. John Rider, 
Peter Taylor (session prorogued). 

October 11, 1720— John Brannock, Col. Roger Woolford, Capt. John 
Rider, Peter Taylor. 

July 18, 1 721 — Roger Woolford, Peter Taylor. (Resolved, That Mr. 



APPENDIX 411 

Peter Taylor be fined ten shillings, to be paid immediately to the Sergeant, 
for his absence at calling over the House and contempt thereon.) 

October 9, 1722 — Henry Hooper, Matthias Travers, John Hodson, 
Edward Pritchett. 

September 2S, 1723 — Henry Traverse, Edward Pritchett, Henry Hooper. 

October 6, 1724 — Capt. John Hooper, Capt. Henry Hooper, Edward 
Pritchett, Matthew Travers. 

October 5, 1725 — Capt. Henry Hooper, Capt. John Ryder, John Kirke, 
Edward Pritchett. 

1726 — Capt. Henry Hooper, Capt. John Ryder, John Kirke, Edward 
Pritchett. 

1727 — Capt. Henry Hooper, Capt. John Ryder, John Kirke, Edward 
Pritchett. 

1728 — Col. William Ennalls, John Kirke, Peter Taylor, John Brannock. 

July 10, 1729 — John Brannock, John Kirke, William Ennalls, Peter 
Taylor. 

1730 — John Brannock, Peter Taylor, William Ennalls. 

1731 — John Brannock, Peter Taylor, John Kirke, William Ennalls. 

1732 — Capt. Henry Hooper, Thomas Woolford, Peter Taylor, John 
Brannock. 

March 20, 1733 — Col. Henry Hooper, Henry Trippe, James Brown. 

1734 — Col. Henry Hooper, Henry Trippe, Thomas Browne, Thomas 
Woolford. 

March 19, 1735 — Col. Henry Hooper, Henry Trippe, Thomas Browne, 
Thomas Woolford. 

April 20, 1736 — Col. Henry Hooper, Henry Trippe, James Brown. 

1737 — James Browne, Henry Hooper, Captain Woolford. 

May 3, 1738 — Henry Trippe, Col. Henry Hooper, John Brannock, Bar- 
tholomew Ennalls. 

May I, 1739 — John Brannock, Col. Henry Hooper, Henry Trippe, Bar- 
tholomew Ennalls. 

April 23, 1740 (first session) — Henry Hooper, Bartholomew Ennalls, 
John Brannock, Henry Trippe (two sessions). 

May 26, 1 741 — Col. Henry Hooper, Bartholomew Ennalls, Henry Trippe, 
Jacob Hindman. 

September 21, 1742 — Bartholomew Ennalls, Jacob Hindman, Philemon 
LeCompte, Maj. Henry Trippe. 

1743 — No record. 

1744 — Capt. Bartholomew Ennalls, Jacob Hindman, Henry Trippe, Phile- 
mon LeCompte. 

1745 — Col. Henry Hooper, Bartholomew Ennalls, Daniel Sulivane, 
Phil. LeCompte. 

1746 — Col. Henry Hooper, Bartholomew Ennalls, Phil. LeCompte, 
Francis Lee. 



412 APPENDIX 

1747 — Daniel Sulivane, Phil. LeCompte, Henry Hooper, Bartholomew 
Ennalls. 

1748 — Col. Henry Hooper, Barth. Ennalls, Philemon LeCompte, Daniel 
Sulivane. 

1749 — Col. Henry Hooper, Philemon LeCompte, Capt. Henry Travers, 
Dan. Sulivane (two sessions). 

1750 — Dan. Sulivane, Henry Hooper, Mathew Travers, Philemon Le- 
Compte. 

1751 — Dan. Sulivane, Henry Hooper, Philemon LeCompte, Mathew 
Travers (first session). 

1751 — Col. Henry Hooper, Charles Goldsborough, Ennalls Hooper, Daniel 
Sulivane (second session). 

1752 — Henry Hooper, Chas. Goldsborough, Dan. Sulivane. 

1753 — Col. Henry Hooper, Charles Goldsborough. (Writs were issued 
for an election. Hooper Ennalls had left the province, and Daniel Suli- 
vane had accepted Sheriff's office.) 

1754 — Col. Henry Hooper, Henry Travers, Joseph Cox Gray, Chas. 
Goldsborough. 

June 23, 1755 — Joseph Cox Gray, Henry Travers, Chas. Goldsborough, 
Hicks. 

1756 — Jos. Cox Gray, Chas. Goldsborough, Henry Travers (two ses- 
sions). Henry Hooper (absent, sick). 

1757 — April 13 — Henry Hooper (session held at Baltimore town, in Bal- 
timore County. Col. Henry Hooper was chosen speaker pro tem), Jos. 
Cox. Gray, Henry Traverse. 

1758 — Daniel Sulivane, Henry Travers, Chas. Goldsborough, Col. 
Henry Hooper. 

1759 — The same members. 

1760 — The same members. 

1 761 — The same members. 

1762 — Col. Henry Hooper, Charles Goldsborough, Daniel Sulivane, Jos. 
Cox Gray. 

October 4, 1763 — Jos. Cox Gray, Daniel Sulivane, Henry Steele. (Chas. 
Goldborough. having been called to the Upper House, Henry Steele was 
elected to fill the vacancy.) 

1764 — No record. 

September 23, 1765, and November, 1765 — Daniel Sulivane, Robert Golds- 
borough, third, Philemon LeCompte, Henry Travers (two sessions). 

May 9, 1766 — Daniel Sulivane, Philemon LeCompte, Robert Golds- 
borough, third, John Henry. 

1767 — No record. 

May 24, 1768 — Daniel Sulivane, Henry Hooper, Philemon LeCompte, 
Henry Steele. 

November, 1769 — Daniel Sulivane, Henry Hooper, Henry Steele. (Rob- 



APPENDIX 413 

ert Eden appointed Governor. Writs of election issued for an election to 
elect a Delegate in the place of Philemon LeCompte, deceased.) 

September 25, 1770 — Henry Hooper, Henry Steele, Edward Noel (first 
session). 

November 5, 1770 — The same Delegates (second session). 

October 2, 1771 — William Richardson, William Ennalls, Joseph Rich- 
ardson. 

1772 — No record. 

June 15, 1773 — William Richardson, William Ennalls, John Ennalls. 

March 23, 1774 — John Ennalls, William Richardson. (Entered the 
House April 5. The last session of the Assembly under the Proprietary.) 

MARYLAND CONVENTIONS. 

BEGINNING OF THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD-DOR- 
CHESTER COUNTY DEPUTIES AND DELEGATES. 

June 22, 1774 — Deputies, First Convention — Robert Goldsborough, Wil- 
liam Ennalls, Henry Steele, John Ennalls, Robert Harrison, Col. Henry 
Hooper, Mathew Brown. 

November, 1774 — Delegates not named. 

December 8, 1774 — Delegates not named. 

ASSOCIATION OF THE FREEMEN OF MARYLAND. 

July 26, 1775 — Robert Goldsborough, Henry Hooper, James Murray, 
T'.omas Ennalls, Robert Harrison. 

December 7, 1775 — John Ennalls, James Murray, Henry Hooper, Wil- 
liam Ennalls. 

May 8, 1776 — Robert Goldsborough, Henry Hooper, James Murray, 
John Ennalls. 

June 21, 1776 — Robert Goldsborough, Henry Hooper, James Murray, 
Wm. Ennalls. 

August 14, 1776 — New Convention met. — Robert Goldsborough, John 
Murray, James Ennalls, Joseph Ennalls, Jun. (First session adjourned 
September 17; met again October 2.) 

nRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND. 

DELEGATES FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

February, 1777— William Ennalls, John Henry, Jr., James Murray, Henry 
Steel. 

June, 1777 — John Henry, Jr., James Murray. 

October, 1777 — John Smoot, John Henry, Jr., James Murray, Joseph 
DafHn. 



414 APPENDIX 

March, 1778— James Murray, John Smoot. 

June, 1778 — Joseph Baffin, Robert Goldsborough, James Murray, John 
Smoot. 

October, 1778 — John Smoot, John Henry, Jr., Thomas Firman Eccleston, 
James Wool ford. 

March, 1779 — Thos. F. Eccleston, Robert Goldsborough. 

July, 1779 — Thos. F. Eccleston, Robert Goldsborough, John Smoot. 

November, 1779 — John Henry, Jr., Samuel McUee, John Smoot, Thomas 
Eccleston. 

March, 1780 — The same. At this session McGee resigned. 

June, 1780 — Thos. F. Eccleston. 

October, 1780 — Daniel Sulivane, Thos. Firman Eccleston. (Eccleston 
resigned October 31st.) 

November, 1781 — Thos. Eccleston, Levin Kirkman, John Smoot, James 
Shaw. 

November 11, 1782 — James Shaw, Levin Kirkman, Robertson Stevens, 
John Smoot. 

May 6, 1783 — James Shaw, Levin Kirkman. 

November 11, 1783 (first session) — James Shaw, Daniel Sulivane, Levin 
Kirkman, Thomas F. Eccleston. 

November 15, 1784 (first session) — James Steele, Gustavus Scott, James 
Shaw, Thos. Firman Eccleston. 

November 14, 1785 — Levin Kirkman, Henry Waggaman, Henry Ennalls, 
Wm. Ennalls Hooper. 

1786 — James Shaw, Wm. Ennalls Hooper, Archibald Pattison, James 
Steele. 

April 18, 1787 — Archibald Pattison, Wm. Ennalls Hooper, James Steele, 
James Shaw (first session). 

November 14, 1787 — Archibald Pattison, Moses LeCompte, James Shaw, 
James Steele (second session). 

May 14, 1788 — Moses LeCompte, James Steele, James Shaw (first ses- 
sion; Steele resigned). 

November 4, 1788 — Moses LeCompte, Wm. Vans Murray, James Steele, 
James Shaw (second session). 

1789 — Moses LeCompte, James Steele, Wm. Vans Murray, James Shaw. 

November 4, 1790 — Wm. Vans Murray, Moses LeCompte, Wm. Golds- 
borough, James Steele. 

1791 — Wm. Goldsborough, Moses LeCompte, Solomon Frazier, John 
Eccleston. 

1792 — The same. (Moses LeCompte, who was elected a Delegate, was 
one of the County Justices, therefore ineligible to a seat in the House.) 

1793 — Solomon Frazier, Joseph Daffin, Peter Gordon, Henry Waggaman. 

1794 — Sol. Frazier, Wm. B. Martin, Peter Gordon, John Craig. 

179s — Sol. Frazier, John Craig, James Steele, Wm. Murray Robertson. 



APPENDIX 415 

November 9, 1796 — Sol. Frazier, Levin H. Campbell, Richard Golds- 
borough, Richard Pattison. 

November 8, 1797 — Sol. Frazier, Richard Pattison, Chas. Goldsborough, 
John Craig. (On joint ballot, Hon. John Henry was unanimously elected 
Governor, November 13.) 

1798 — Richard Pattison, Solomon Frazier, Isaac Steele, Mathew Keene. 

November 5, 1799 — Sol. Frazier, Rich. Pattison, Rich. Goldsborough 
Mathew Keene. 

1800 — Sol. Frazier, Isaac Steele, Rich. Goldsborough. 

1801 — John McKeel Anderson, Isaac Steele, Mathew Keene, Chas. Golds- 
borough. 

November 4, 1802 — Sol. Frazier, Isaac Steele, Chas. Goldsborough, 
Mathew Keene. (At this session James Murray was a candidate before 
the Assembly for Governor. 

1803 — Sol. Frazier, Chas. Goldsborough, Mathew Keene, Josiah Bayly. 

November 6, 1804 — Solomon Frazier, Joseph Ennalls, John Eccleston, 
Josiah Bayly. 

November 5, 1805 — Solomon Frazier, Joseph Ennalls, George Ward, 
John Smoot. 

November 4, 1806 — John Smoot, George Ward, Robert Dennis, Solomon 
Frazier. 

November 3, 1807 — Robert Dennis, Joseph Ennalls, Solomon Frazier, 
Hugh Henry. 

November 8, 1808— Solomon Frazier, Robert Dennis, Edward Griffith, 
Joseph Ennalls. 

June 5, 1809— Joseph Ennalls, Solomon Frazier, Robert Dennis, Edward 
Griffith. (First session. Special session convened.) 

November, 1809 (second session) — Benjamin W. LeCompte, Edward 
Griffith, Solomon Frazier, Michael Lucas. 

November 6, 1810 — Wm. W. Eccleston, Solomon Frazier, John Stewart, 
Frederick Bennett. 

November 4, 181 1 — ^John Smoot, Edward Griffith, Joseph Ennalls, Fred- 
erick Bennett. 

June 15, 1812 — Edward Griffith. (Extra session.) 

November 2, 1812 — John Stewart, Benjamin LeCompte, Richard Tootle, 
Edward Griffith. 

December 6, 1813 — John Stewart, Edward Griffith, Richard Tootle, Ben- 
jamin W. LeCompte. 

December 5, 1814 — John Stewart, Richard Tootle, Benjamin W. Le- 
Compte, Edward Griffith. 

December 4, 1815 — Robert Hart, Edward Griffith, Benjamin W. Le- 
Compte. (Sol. Frazier sick.) 

December 2, 1816 — Thomas Pitt, Benjamin W. LeCompte, Robert Hart, 
Edward Griffith. 



4l6 APPENDIX 

December 2, 1817— Thomas Pitt, Benjamin W. LeCompte, Henry Keene, 
Edward Griffith. 

December 7, 1818 — Wm. W. Eccleston, Benj. W. LeCompte, Solomon 
Frazier, Levin Lake. 

December 7, 1819— Michael Lucas, Edward Griffith, Dr. William Jack- 
son, Benj. W. LeCompte. 

December 4, 1820 — William W. Eccleston, Levin Lake (?), Solomon 
Frazier. (Levin Lake and Benj. LeCompte, having each received the 
same number of votes, there was no election of either.) 

December 3, 1821— Daniel Sulivane, Edward Griffith, Matthias Travers, 
Solomon Frazier. 

December 2, 1822 — John N. Steele, Bartholomew Byus, John WiUis, 
Roger Hooper. 

December i, 1823— John R. W. Pitt, John Willis, William Hutson, John 
N. Steele. 

December 6. 1824 — Daniel Sulivane, Thos. J. H. Eccleston, Matthias 
Travers, John N. Steele. 

October 3, 1825 — Joseph Ennalls, John Brohawn, John Douglass, Thos. 
I. H. Eccleston. 

October 2, 1826— John R. Pitt, Brice J. Goldsborough, Martin L. Wright, 
Samuel Rawley. 

October i, 1827 — J. F. Williams, George Lake, Brice J. Goldsborough, 
"Administration ;" John Douglass, "Jackson." 

December 29, 1828 — Francis E. Phelps, Matthew Hardcastle, Thos. J. 
W. Eccleston, Martin Wright. 

December 28, 1829 — Thos. H. Hicks, John N. Steele, Matthew Hard- 
castle, Brice J. Goldsborough. 

December 27, 1830 — Thos. H. Hicks, Benjamin G. Keene, John N. Steele, 
Martin L. Wright. 

December 26, 183 1 — John Travers, Martin L. Wright, William A. Lake, 
Joseph Nicols. 

December 31, 1832 — Joseph Nicols, Martin L. Wright, John Travers, 
Levin Richardson. 

December 30, 1833 — Robert Griffith, Henry L. McNamara, Martin L. 
Wright, Joseph Nicols. 

December 29, 1834 — Joseph Nicols, William J. Ford, Levin Richardson, 
Samuel B. Creighton. 

December 28, 1835 — Joseph K. Travers, William J. Ford, Josiah Bayly, 
Jr. (John Travers deceased.) 

December 26, 1836 — Benjamin G. Keene, Thos. J. H. Eccleston, William 
Frazier, Thos. H. Hicks. 

December 25, 1837 — William Frazier, John F. Eccleston, Nicholas Golds- 
borough, Reuben Tall. 

December 31, 1838 — Henry Page, Henry L. McNamara, Joseph Nicols, 
Whitefield Woolford. 



APPENDIX 417 

December 30, 1839— William Frazier, Reuben Tall, Francis P. Phelps, 
Jacob Wilson. 

December 28, 1840— Kendall M. Jacobs, John R. Keene, William Frazier, 
Reuben Tall. 

December 27, 1841— Joseph R. Eccleston, Dr. Joseph Nichols, William 
K. Travers, Levin Richardson. 

December 26, 1842— Francis P. Phelps, William K. Travers, Wm. B. 
LeCompte, Nathaniel E. Green. 

December 25, 1843— James A. Stewart, John W. Dail, Francis P. Phelps. 
(Nicols deceased). 

December 30, 1844— Joseph E. Muse, William Frazier, John R. Keene, 
Reuben Tall. 

December 29, 1845 — John F. Eccleston, John F. Boone, William Frazier, 
James Smith. 

December 28, 1846 — Jacob Wilson, Daniel M. Henry, Benjamin Travers, 
William Frazier. 

December 27, 1847 — Benjamin G. Keene, James B. Chaplain, Reuben 
Tall. 

December 31, 1849 — Jacob Wilson, Daniel M. Henry, William W. Mace, 
Washington A. Smith. 
January 7, 1852 — William Frazier, Reuben Tall, Thos. J. Dail. 
January 5, 1853 — William Frazier, Reuben Tall, Tho«. J. Dail. 
January 4, 1854 — James Wallace, J. R. Donoho, Kendall M. Jacobs. 
January 2, 1856 — John W. Dail, William Frazier, Algernon Thomas. 
January 6, 1858 — John W. Dail, Levin Richardson, Horatio H. Graves. 
January 4, i860 — L. W. Linthicum, John R. Keene, William Holland. 
December 3, 1861-1862 — Dr. Francis P. Phelps, Sr., Dr. Thomas King 
Carroll, John Q. Leckie. (Special session.) 
January 6, 1864 — David O. P. Elliott, William Frazier, John Brohawn. 
January 4, 1865 — John H. Hodson, Washington A. Smith. 
January 10, 1866 — William Frazier, John H. Hodson, Washington A. 
Smith. 

1867 — Francis P. Phelps, Sr., Edward Leeds Kerr, Linthicum (?). 
January i, 1868 — Algernon S. Percy, Wm. E. Stewart, Alward Johnson. 
January 5, 1870 — Benjamin H. Harrington, Samuel W. Wool ford, George 
J. Meekins. 

January 3, 1872 — Washington A. Smith, William F. Vickers, John A. L. 
Radcliffe. 

January 7, 1874 — J- J- M. Gordy, Oliver P. Johnson, Eugene Hodson. 
1876 — Edmund G. Waters, Washington A. Smith, William J. Lambdin. 
1878 — Samuel M. Travers, d. ; Joseph H. Johnson, d. ; Isaac Iri. Hous- 
ton, d. 
37 



4l8 APPENDIX 

1880 — Benjamin L. Smith, M.D., d. ; Wm. J. Lambdin, Francis A. 
Newton. 

1882 — William S. Sherman, d. ; Joseph H. Johnson, d. ; William T. 
Staplefort, d. 

1884 — Dr. Isaac H. Houston, d. ; James Wallace, Jr., rep. ; Joseph T. 
Davis, rep. 

1886 — Benjamin L. Smith, M.D., James M. Robertson, Francis H. Vin- 
cent. 

1888— Zora H. Brinsfield, D. W. Newberry, S. Lynn Percy. 

1890— William T. Stapleforte, d; William S. Craft, d. ; Edwin T. 
Mace, d. 

1892 — Benj. L. Smith, d. ; Alonzo L., Miles, d. ; Jos. B. Meredith, f. 

1894 — Francis P. Phelps, Wm. F. Applegarth, Levi D. Travers. 

1896— Chas. M. M. Wingate, Wm. D. Hopkins, W. Spry Bradley. 

1898 — Alonzo L. Miles, Chas. W. Hackett, Benjamin J. Linthicum. 

1900 — Benjamin J. Linthicum, Francis P. Corkran, Joseph B. Andrews. 
(Joseph B. Andrews unseated by contest made by Jno. R. Pattison before 
the House; Pattison seated.) 

1901 — Benjamin J. Linthicum, Francis P. Corkran, Jno. R. Pattison. 
(Extra session called.) 

1902 — Benjamin J. Linthicum, Tilghman R. Hackett, Jas. S. Shepherd, 
John A. Baker. (Increased representation under census of 1900.) 

LIST OF DORCHESTER COUNTY OFFICE-HOLDERS 
FROM 1669 TO 1902.^ 

COMMISSIONERS OR JUSTICES. 

1669 — Raymond Stapleford, John Pollard, William Stevens, of Little 
Choptank ; Stephen Gary, Henry Trippe, Anthony LeCompte, William 
Stevens, Henry Hooper. 

1671-74 — William Wroughton, Thomas Pattison, Thomas Skinner, 
Daniel Clark, Robert Winsmore. 

June 4, 1674 — Daniel Clark, Robert Williams, William Stevens, John 
Hudson, Henry Trippe, Stephen Gary, gentlemen of the Quorum ; Bar- 
tholomew Ennalls, Henry Hooper, William Ford, Thomas Skinner, Charles 
Hutchins, Gent. Justices. 

March, 1675-76 — Robert Winsmore. William Stevens. John Hudson, 
Quorum ; Henry Trippe, Stephen Gary, Bartholomew Ennalls, Henry 
Hooper, William Ford, Thomas Skinner, Charles Hutchins, Justices. 

August, 1676 — Robert Winsmore, William Stevens, Raymond Staple- 



' This list is as complete as it is possible to make it, and is made up of those appointed 
or elected. 



APPENDIX 419 

ford, Henry Trippe, Quorum ; John Brooks, Stephen Gray, Charles Hutch- 
ins, Henry Hooper, Henry Bradley, John Pollard, John Offey, Justices. 

June 7, 1679 — William Stevens, Raymond Stapleford, Capt. Thos. Tailor, 
John Brooks, William Dorrington, Quorum; Bartholomew Ennalls, John 
Pollard, Charles Hutchins, Henry Hooper, John Alford, Gent. Justices. 

1680— William Stevens, John Brooks, Maj. Thos. Taylor, William Dor- 
rington, Quorum; Bartholomew Ennalls, Charles Hutchins, John Alford, 
Henry Hooper, Gent. Justices. 

1681— Capt. Henry Trippe, William Stevens, Maj. Thos. Taylor, John 
Brooks, Bartholomew Ennalls, Cliarles Hutchins, John Alford, Henry 
Hooper, John Pollard, William Travers, Gent. Justices. 

1683 — Henry Trippe, Edward Pinder, John Brooks, Bartholomew 
Ennalls, Vincent Lowe, Gent. Justices. 

1684 — John Brooks, Bartholomew Ennalls, Thomas Taylor, Henry 
Trippe, Charles Hutchins, Gent. Justices. 

1685 — Henry Trippe, Edward Pinder, Thomas Taylor, Jacob Locker- 
man, Bartholomew Ennalls, Gent. Justices. 

1686 — John Hodson, Thomas Taylor, Jacob Lockerman, Gent. Justices. 

1687 — Henry Trippe, John Hodson, Jacob Lockerman, John Woodward, 
Thomas Taylor, John Brooks, Henry Hooper, Gent. Justices. 

1688 — Thomas Taylor, John Hodson, Henry Trippe, John Brooks, John 
Woodward, Jacob Lockerman, Gent. Justices. 

1689 — Henry Trippe, Charles Hutchins, Henry Hooper, John Woodward, 
John Brooks, Gent. Justices. 

1690— John Brooks, Charles Hutchins, Jacob Lockerman, Henry Trippe, 
Gent. Justices. 

i6gi_John Brooks, Charles Hutchins, Jacob Lockerman, Henry Trippe, 
Edward Pinder, Gent. Justices. 

1692— Henry Hooper, John Hodson. Capt. John Makeele, Capt. Thomas 
Ennalls, Thomas Hicks, Edward White, William Mishew, Gent. Justices. 

1693— Richard Owen, Walter Campbell, Thomas Ennalls, Gent. Justices. 

1694— Richard Owen, William Mishew, Thomas Ennalls, John Makeele, 
Gent. Justices. 

1695— William Mishew, John Makeele, Thomas Ennalls, Thomas Hicks, 
Gent. Justices. 

1696— Thomas Hicks, William Mishew, Richard Owen, Roger Wool- 
ford, Thomas Taylor, Gent. Justices. 

1697— Thomas Ennalls, Richard Owen, William Mishew, Gent. Justices. 

i6g8— Thomas Ennalls, William Mishew, Richard Owen, Henry Hooper, 
Gent. Justices. 

1699— Thomas Ennalls, Henry Ennalls, William Mishew, Gent. Justices. 

1700 — Thomas Ennalls, Gent. Justice. 

i70i_William Campbell, William Mishew, John Taylor, Roger Wool- 
ford, Gent. Justices. 



420 APPENDIX 

1702 — John Taylor, Richard Owen, Jacob Lockerman, Roger Woolford, 
John Taylor, WilHam Campbell, Henry Ennalls, Gent. Jutsices. 

1703 — Jacob Lockerman, Joseph Ennalls, Henry Ennalls, John Taylor, 
Gent. Justices. 

1704 — John Lockerman, Joseph Ennalls, Walter Campbell, John Taylor, 
John Keene, Henry Ennalls, Gent. Justices. 

1705 — Walter Campbell, Henry Ennalls, Jacob Lockerman, Joseph 
Ennalls, John Taylor, Gent. Justices. 

1706 — Joseph Ennalls, Tobias Pollard, Francis Hayward, Richard Owen, 
Henry Ennalls, Jacob Lockerman, Thomas Ennalls, Thomas Hicks, Gent. 
Justices. 

1707 — Jacob Lockerman, Tobias Pollard, Gent. Justices. 

1708 — Henry Ennalls, John Ryder, Joseph Ennalls, Gent. Justices. 

1709 — Tobias Pollard, Jacob Lockerman, Henry Ennalls, John Ryder, 
John Keene, Levin Hicks, James Cannon, Lockerman, Jr., Gent. Justices. 

1710 — Henry Ennalls, John Keene, Jacob Lockerman, Levin Hicks, Gent. 
Justices. 

171 1— Henry Ennalls, John Keene, Levin Hicks, Gent. Justices. 

1 712 — Henry Ennalls, Levin Hicks, Jacob Lockerman, John Keene, 
Walter Campbell, Gent. Justices. 

1713 — Henry Ennalls, Levin Hicks, Jacob Lockerman, Charles Nutter, 
Gent. Justices. 

1714 — Levin Hicks, John Ryder, Jacob Lockerman, Henry Ennalls, John 
Keene, John Ryder, Gent. Justices. 

1715 — John Keene, Jacob Lockerman, Henry Ennalls, Henry Trippe, 
Levin Hicks, Charles Nutter, Gent. Justices. 

1716 — Jacob Lockerman, Henry Ennalls, Levin Hicks, John Ryier, 
Roger Woolford, Gent. Justices. 

1717 — Henry Ennalls, Henry Trippe, Jacob Lockerman, John Keene, 
Roger Woolford, Levin Hicks, Gent. Justices. 

1718 — Levin Hicks, Charles Nutter, John Ryder, Henry Ennalls, Robert 
Harrison, Jacob Lockerman, Roger Woolford, Henry Trippe, Gent. Jus- 
tices. 

1719 — John Ryder, Levin Hicks, John Keene, Walter Campbell, Henry 
Trippe, Henry Ennalls. Charles Nutter, Gent. Justices. 

1720 — Henry Ennalls, John Ryder, Peter Taylor, John Robson, Jus- 
tices of the Peace. 

1721 — Henry Ennalls, John Robson, Henry Trippe, Peter Taylor, Justices 
of the Peace ; Charles Nutter, Roger Woolford, Justices of the Court ; 
John Keene, Justice of the Peace ; Jacob Lockerman, Justice of the Court. 

1722 — John Robson, John Keene. 

1723 — Jacob Lockerman, Justice of the Peace; Maj. Henry Ennalls, 
Justice of the Court; Roger Woolford, Justice of the Provincial Court; 
Peter Taylor, Thomas Taylor, Charles Nutter, John Robson, Justices of the 
Peace. 



APPENDIX 421 

1724 — Jacob Lockerman, Justice of the Court; Thomas Taylor, Peter 
Taylor, Justices of the Peace ; Henry Ennalls, Justice of the Court ; John 
Robson, Thomas Woolford, Tobias Pollard, Justices of the Peace. 

1725 — Walter Campbell, Justice of the Peace; Henry Ennalls, Justice of 
the Peace and Justice of the Court ; Tobias Pollard, John Robson, Thomas 
Woolford, Thomas Taylor, Jacob Lockerman, Justices of the Peace ; John 
Ryder, Justice of the Peace and Justice of the Court. 

1726 — Maj. Henry Ennalls, John Ryder, Charles Nutter, Walter Camp- 
bell, Quorum ; Thomas Taylor, Tobias Pollard, Thomas Woolford, Peter 
Taylor, John Robson, Thomas Woolford, Anthony Rawlings, Justices. 

1727 — Henry Ennalls, Charles Nutter, Tobias Pollard, Thomas Woolford, 
John Ryder, Walter Campbell, Peter Taylor, Thomas Taylor, Anthony 
Rawlings, Justices. 

1728 — Maj. Henry Ennalls, John Ryder, Walter Campbell, Capt. Charles 
Nutter, Capt. Thomas Taylor, Tobias Pollard, Capt. Thomas Woolford, 
Anthony Rawlings, Justices. 

1729 — Maj. Henry Ennalls, Col. John Ryder, Charles Nutter, Capt. 
Tobias Pollard, Capt. Thomas Woolford, Anthony Rawlings, Walter Camp- 
bell, Peter Taylor, John Hudson, 2d, John LeCompte, Justices. 

1730 — Thomas Hicks, Henry Ennalls, John Hodson, Justices. 

1731 — Maj. Henry Ennalls, Col. John Ryder, Charles Nutter, Capt. 
Tobias Pollard, Capt. Thomas Woolford, Anthony Rawlings, Walter Camp- 
bell, Peter Taylor, John Hudson, 2d, John LeCompte, Justices. 

1732 — Henry Ennalls, Thomas Nevett, Thomas Woolford, John White, 
Peter Taylor, Walter Campbell, Tobias Pollard, Charles Nutter, Thomas 
Hicks, Justices. 

1733 — Henry Hooper, John Hodson, Thomas Nevet, Walter Campbell, 
Thomas Woolford, John White, Peter Taylor, Justices; (Francis O'Con- 
nor), Receiver Bailiff and Collector of quit rents due. 

1734 — Henry Hooper, Walter Campbell, Thomas Woolford, John White, 
Thomas Nevet, Bartholomew Ennalls, Thomas Hicks, William Murray, 
Joseph Ennalls, John Eccleston, Justices. 

1735 — Thomas Hicks, Adam Muir, Henry Travers, Joseph Ennalls, Basil 
Noell, Samuel Fountain, Bartholomew Ennalls, William Murray, Thomas 
Nevit, John Eccleston, Francis Mooney, Henry Trippe, Benj amine Keene, 
John Hooper, Justices. 

1736 — John Hooper, Samuel Fountain, Benj. Keene, Isaac Nicolls, Henry 
Trippe, Thomas Nevett, Justices. 

1737 — William Murray, Henry Trippe, John Eccleston, Thomas Hicks, 
Joseph Ennalls, Basil Noel, Henry Hooper, Benj. Keene, Thomas Nevett, 
Henry Travers, John Jones, Charles Dickinson, Bartholomew Ennalls, 
Justices. 

1738 — Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, William ^Murray, Henry Trippe, 
Thomas Nevett, Basil Noel, Justices. 

1739 — Henry Travers, John Jones, William Clarkson, Thomas Nevett, 



422 APPENDIX 

William Murray, John Eccleston, Bartholomew Ennalls, Benj. Keene, 
Justices. 

1740 — Thomas Nevett, William Murray, Basil Noell, Bartholomew 
Ennalls, Thomas Hicks, Edward Trippe, Henry Hooper, Benj. Keene, 
Tohn Jones, Justices. 

1741 — John Eccleston, Thomas Nevett, William Murray, Thomas Hicks, 
Joseph Ennalls, Charles Dickinson, Justices. 

1742 — Thomas Nevett, William Murray, Henry Travers, John Jones, 
Edward Trippe, Benj. Keene, Basil Noell, John Eccleston, Justices; Adam 
Muir, Justice of Provincial Court. 

1743 — Benj. Keene, Charles Dickinson, Thomas Nevett, William Murray, 
Henry Travers, James Billings, Justices. 

May 30, 1744 — Thomas Nevett, William Murray, Joseph Ennalls, Adam 
Muir, John Eccleston, Henry Travers, Quorum; Benj. Keene, Basil Noel, 
John Jones, Charles Dickinson, James Billings, Thomas Foster, Thomas 
Mackeele, Ezekiel Keene, Henry Hooper, W. Thomas, Justices. 

1745 — Thomas Nevett, William Murray, Basil Noell, Thomas Foster, 
Justices. 

1746 — Charles Dickinson, Benj. Keene, Bartholomew Ennalls, William 
Murray, Thomas Foster, Henry Travers, Joseph Eiinalls, Justices. 

1747 — William Murray, John Eccleston, Bartholomew Ennalls, John 
Ennalls, John Jones, Thomas Nevett, Benj. Keene, Henry Hooper, Justice 
of Provincial Court ; Levin Hicks. 

1748 — William Murray, Bartholomew Ennalls, Henry Travers, Levin 
Hicks, Isaac Nicolls, Benj. Keene, Charles Dickinson, John Eccleston, 
John Jones, Thomas Nevett, Thomas Foster, Justices. 

1749 — Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, John Eccleston, Charles Dickinson, 
Isaac Nicolls, Thomas Foster, Levin Hicks, William Murray, Justices. 

1750 — Levin Hicks, Thomas Mackeele, William Murraj^ John Eccleston, 
Joseph Ennalls, Thomas Muir, Edward Trippe, Robert Polk, Charles 
Dickinson, Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, Thomas Mackeele, Justices. 

1751— William Murray, Thomas Mackeele, John Eccleston, John Jones, 
Levin Hicks, Edward Trippe, John Capson, Robert Polk, Henry Hooper, 
Charles Dickinson, Justices. 

1752 — John Jones, Thomas Mackeele, Levin Hicks, William Murray, 
Joseph Ennalls, Henry Hooper, Daniel Sulivan, Thomas Foster, William 
Clarkson, Edward Trippe, Joseph Eccleston, Justices. 

1753 — William Murray, Charles Dickinson, John Jones, Edward Trippe, 
Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, Joseph Eccleston, Levin Hicks, Thomas 
Mackeele, Thomas Foster, Justices. 

1754 — Thomas Foster, Charles Dickinson, William Murray, Henry 
Hooper, Henry Hooper, Jr., Edward Trippe, Robert Polk, Joseph Eccles- 
ton, Justices. 

1755 — William Murray, John Capson, Benj. Keene, John Jones, Charles 



APPENDIX 423 

Dickinson, Edward Trippe, Robert Polk, Henry Travers, John Eccleston, 
John Ennalls, Justices. 

1756 — William Murray, Edward Trippe, Thomas Mackeele, John Eccles- 
ton, Joseph Cox Gray, Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, Justices. 

1757 — John Eccleston, Henry Travers, John Jones, Joseph Cox Gray, 
Robert Polk, Edward Trippe, Benj. Keene, Henry Hooper, Charles Dickin- 
son, Thomas Mackeele, Alexander Frazier, Daniel Sulivan, John Campbell, 
Justices. 

1758 — Joseph Cox Gray, Robert How, Henry Hooper, Jr., John Campbell, 
Edward Trippe, Daniel Sulivan, Benj. Keene, Henry Travers, Labdiel 
Potter, Alexander Frazier, Justices. 

1759 — Robert Polk, Henry Hooper, Daniel Sulivan, Henry Steele, Henry 
Travers, Benj. Keene, Henry Hooper, Jr., Robert How, John Jones, John 
Mackeele, John Campbell, Labdiel Potter, Justices. 

1760 — Robert Polk, Labdiel Potter, Benj. Keene, Daniel Sulivan, Edward 
Trippe, Henry Travers, Henry Ennalls, Robert How, Joseph Cox Gray, 
John Anderson, Justices. 

1761 — Henry Travers, Alexander Frazier, Edward Trippe, Henry Hicks, 
Joseph Cox Gray, John Anderson, Daniel Sulivane, Robert Polk, Robert 
Howe, Henry Hooper, Henry Ennalls, Justices. 

1762 — Robert Howe, Joseph Cox Gray, Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, 
John Anderson, Edward Trippe, Daniel Sulivane, Alexander Frazier, 
Robert Polk, Henry Hooper, Justices. 

1763 — Henry Ennalls, Robert Howe, Henry Hooper, Daniel Sulivane, 
Robert Polk, Joseph Cox Gray, Alexander Frazier, Edward Trippe, Henry 
Travers, John Anderson, Justices. 

March 19, 1764 — Henry Hooper, Henry Travers, Benj. Keene, Charles 
Dickinson, Henry Trippe, Quorum ; John Campbell, Daniel Sulivane, 
Robert Polk, Joseph Cox Gray, Henry Hooper, Jr., Alexander Frazier, 
Henry Ennalls, Robert Howe, Labdiel Potter, Justices ; John Anderson, 
Justice (Fishing Creek) ; William Ennalls, Thomas White, William Has- 
kins, Justices. 

1765 — Henry Hooper, Thomas White, John Campbell, Robert Howe, 
Robert Polk, William Haskins, Edward Trippe, Henry Travers, Benj. 
Keene, John Anderson, Henry Ennalls, Daniel Sulivane, Justices. 

1766 — Thomas White, John Campbell, Daniel Sulivane, William Hask- 
ins, Benj. Keene, John Goldsborough, William Ennalls, Robert Polk, 
Henry Ennalls, Justices. 

1767 — Daniel Sulivane, Henry Ennalls. William Ennalls, William Has- 
kins, Edward Trippe, Robert Polk, Thomas White, Benj. Keene, John 
Goldsborough, Justices. 

1768 — William Ennalls, William Haskins, Daniel Sulivane, Thomas 
White, John Goldsborough, Robert Polk, Benj. Keene, Henry Ennalls, 
Edward Trippe, Justices. 

1769 — Daniel Sulivane, Robert Polk, Henry Ennalls, William Ennalls, 



424 APPENDIX 

Edward Trippe, William Haskins, Thomas White, John Goldsborough, 
Justices. 

1770 — Charles Dickinson, John Goldsborough, William Haskins, William 
Ennalls, Thomas White, Daniel Sulivane, Robert Polk, James Footel, John 
Dickinson, John Bennett, James Muir, Justices. 

1771 — Daniel Sulivane, Thomas White, Benson Stanton, John Dickinson, 
James Muir, William Ennalls, John Goldsborough, James Footel, John 
Bennett, Charles Dickinson, Justices. 

1772 — William Ennalls, John Goldsborough, James Muir, Daniel Suli- 
vane, James Footel, Charles Dickinson, John Dickinson, John Bennett, 
Hugh Eccleston, Justices. 

'^ITZ — William Ennalls, John Goldsborough, John Dickinson, Daniel 
Sulivane, Thomas White, John Bennett, James Muir, Hugh Eccleston, 
Joseph Richardson, Justices. 

1774 — William Ennalls, John Dickinson, Hugh Eccleston, Joseph Richard- 
son, James Muir, Daniel Sulivane, John Bennett, Justices. 

1775 — Daniel Sulivane, William Ennalls, John Dickinson, James Muir, 
Hugh Eccleston, Joseph Richardson, Justices. 

1776 — William Ennalls, John Dickinson, Joseph Richardson, Justices. 

'^11'? — Robert Harrison, Henry Lake, Benjamin Keene, Thomas Jones, 
Joseph Richardson, John Smith, John Dickinson^ John Smoot, Justices. 

1778 — Edward Noell, William Ennalls, Robert Harrison, James Murray, 
Joseph Richardson, Thomas Jones, James Shaw, Benjamin Keene, William 
Haskins, Henry Ennalls, Justices. 

1779 — Joseph Richardson, James Shaw, William Ennalls, Robert Harri- 
son, John Dickinson, Thomas F. Eccleston, Benj. Keene, Henry Lake, 
Thomas Hill Airey, Justices. 

1780 — John Smoot, Joseph Richardson, Thomas Hill Airey, Robert 
Harrison, John Dickinson, William Ennalls, Thomas Jones, Thomas F. 
Eccleston, James Shaw, Benj. Keene, Henry Lake, Edward Noell, John 
Smoot, Justices. 

1781 — Benj. Keene, Thomas Jones, John Dickinson, William Ennalls, 
Joseph Richardson, Robert Harrison, Thomas Eccleston, Edward Noell, 
James Shaw, John Smoot, Thomas Airey, Justices. 

1782 — William Ennalls, Thomas Airey, Joseph Richardson, Benj. Keene, 
Henry Lake, John Dickinson, Thomas Eccleston, James Shaw, Justices. 

1783 — Thomas Airey, John Smoot, John Dickinson, Joseph Richardson, 
William Ennalls, Thomas Jones, Benj. Keene, Henry Lake, Thomas 
Eccleston, John Goldsborough, Edward Noell, James Shaw, Henry Dickin- 
son, Labdiel Potter, Robert Harrison, Justices. 

1784 — John Dickinson, Joseph Richardson, Benj. Keene, Henry Lake, 
John Smoot, James Shaw, Thomas Jones, Thomas Airey, Edward Noell, 
Thomas Eccleston, William Ennalls, Justices. 

1785 — John Dickinson, Joseph Richardson, Edward Noell, Thomas Airey, 



APPENDIX 425 

Thomas Jones, Benj. Keene, James Shaw, John Smoot, Henry Lake, 
Justices. 

1786 — Edward Noell, Thomas Jones, John Dickinson, John Smoot, Benj. 
Keene, Henry Lake, James Shaw, Joseph Baffin, Robertson Stevens, Robert 
Griffith, Levin Kirkman, John Eccleston, Justices. 

1787 — John Smoot, Benj amine Keene, Robertson Stevens, John Eccles- 
ton, Edward Noell, Henry Lake, Robert Griffith, Thomas Jones, James 
Shaw, Levin Kirkman, Justices. 

1788 — John Smoot, Edward Noell, Benj. Keene, Henry Lake, Levin 
Kirkman, John Eccleston, Thomas Jones, Robertson Stevens, Robert 
Griffith, James Shaw, Joseph Baffin, Justices. 

1789 — Levin Kirkman, Thomas Jones, Joseph Baffin, John Smoot, Henry 
Lake, Robertson Stevens, Edward Noell, James Shaw, Benj. Keene, 
Thomas Bourke, Moses LeCompte, Baniel Sulivane, Justices. 

1790 — John Smoot, Henry Lake Edward Noell, Baniel Sulivane, Thomas 
Jones, Moses LeCompte, Solomon Brickhead, John Tootle, James Shaw, 
Justices. 

1792 — Henry Lake, John Stevens, Levin Woolford, Justices. 

1794 — Henry Lake, John Keene, John Stevens, Levin Woolford, Moses 
LeCompte, Thomas Jones, Richard Pattison, Justices. 

1795 — Moses LeCompte, John Stevens, Henry Lake, John Gooding, John 
Reed, Bavid Smith Levin Woolford, Thomas Jones, John Williams, John 
Cropper, Charles Adams, John Keene, Richard Pattison, Thomas Barnett, 
John Eccleston, Stanley Byus, Samuel Brown, Justices. 

1796 — John Stevens, John Keene, Henry Lake, John Reed, Bavid Smith, 
John Cropper, Levin Woolford, John Williams, Thomas Barnett, Thomas 
Jones, Moses LeCompte, Samuel Brown, John Gooding, Richard Pattison, 
Justices. 

1797 — Levin Woolford, John Cropper, Charles Adams, John Stevens, 
John Reed, John Gooding, Moses LeCompte, Henry Lake, Bavid Smith, 
Samuel W. Pitt, Richard Pattison, John Williams, Thomas Barnett, 
Justices. 

1798 — Richard Pattison, Samuel Pitt, Bavid Smith, Thomas Barnett, 
Thomas Jones, Robert Griffith, Moses LeCompte, Levin Woolford, John 
Reed, John Stevens, James Steele, Mathew Keene, Charles Adams, John 
Cropper, John Williams, Justices. 

1799 — Moses LeCompte, John Reed, John Williams, Thomas Barnett, 
John Stevens, Robert Griffith, Levin Woolford, Charles Adams, Thomas 
Jones, Matthew Keene, Richard Pattison, John Cropper, Samuel Pitt, 
John Craig, Bavid Smith, Justices. 

1800 — Levin Woolford, Samuel Pitt, Moses LeCompte, John Reed, John 
Stevens, John Craig, Robert Griffith, Richard Pattison, Thomas Jones, 



426 APPENDIX., , ", ■■' '*'^'^^ i7 iO^' 

John Williams, Matthew Keene, Francis Turpin, Charles' Adams, John 
Cropper, Thomas Barnett, Justices. *" 

1801 — Levin Woolford, John Stevens, Richard Goldsborough, Samuel 
Pitt, Francis Turpin, Charles Adams, Mathew Keene, Mitchell Russum, 
Justices. 

1802 — George Ward, John Stevens, John Cropper, Matthew Keene, 
Robert Griffith, Levin Woolford, Thomas Jones, Richard Pattison, Richard 
Goldsborough, John Williams, Thomas Barnett, Samuel Pitt, Charles 
Adams, Patrick Grain, M. W. Nesbit, John Craig, Justices. 

1803 — Richard Goldsborough, Richard Pattison, Levin Woolford, M. W. 
Nesbit, Matthew Keene, Edward Griffith, John Stevens, Henry Haskins, 
John Smith, Samuel W. Pitt, Thomas Jones, John Williams, John Cropper, 
Justices. 

1804 — Henry Haskins, Bartholomew Ennalls, Matthew Keene, Edward 
Griffith, John Stevens, Benj. Linthicum, Henry Smoot, Mitchell Russum, 
Samuel W. Pitt, Thomas Barnett, John Smith, Samuel Brown, John S. 
McNamara, Levin Woolford, Richard Goldsborough, Richard Pattison, 
John William, Thomas Jones, Justices. 

1805 — John Williams, M. W. Nesbitt, Matthew Keene, Henry Smoot, 
Samuel W. Pitt, Levin Woolford, Thomas Jones, Edward Griffith, John 
S. McNamara, Joshua Polk, Richard Pattison, Henry Haskins, Samuel 
Brown, Thomas Barnett, Richard Goldsborough, Jacob Wright, Sen., 
Thomas Thompson, Sen., Jacob Wright, Jr., Justices. 

1806 — Richard Pattison, John Brohawn, Thomas Jones, Matthew Keene, 
M. W. Nesbit, Henry Smoot, Edward Griffith, John McNamara, Samuel 
Brown, Theopilus Marshall, Levin Woolford, Mitchell Russum, Thomas 
Barnett, Richard Goldsborough, John Williams, L. Hodson, Henry Has- 
kins, Thomas Thompson, Sr., Samuel Collins, Whittington, Justices. 

1807 — Henry Smoot, Levin Woolford, Samuel Smoot, Thomas Thomp- 
son, Sr., Samuel Brown, David Higgins, Mitchell Russum, Richard Patti- 
son, Theopilus Marshall, Thomas Barnett, William Geoghgan, Frederick 
Bennett, Henry Charles, Samuel Collins, Richard Goldsborough, John 
Brohawn, Bartholomew Ennalls, John Lynch, William Byus, Justices. 

1808 — Levin Marshall, John Smoot, Thomas Thompson, Sr., William 
Byus, David Higgins, Richard Goldsborough, John Williams, John 
Brohawn, William Geoghegan, John Stevens, Samuel Brown, Edward 
Griffith, Matthew Keene, Henry Keene (of John), Samuel Collins, 
Frederick Bennett, Henry Keene, Henry Haskins, Jacob Wright, Jr., 
Clement Waters, Henry Charles, Justices. 

1809 — John Stevens, Matthew Keene, Henry Keene, M. W. Nesbitt, 
Frederick Bennett, Saml. Collins, Henry Haskins, Levin Marshall, Richard 
Pattison, John Smoot, Bartholomew Ennalls, Richard Goldsborough, John 
Jones, William Geoghegan, William Byus, Thomas Eccleston, Samuel 
Brown, David Higgins, John Brohawn, Matthias Travers, Joshua Polk, 
Henry Charles, Justices. 



APPENDIX 427 

1810 — John Stevens, Richard Goldsborough, Richard Tootell, Jona. 
Bunnell, Stanley B. Lockerman, Samuel Brown, Thomas Lee, William 
Byus, Henry Haskins, Levin Marshall, Joshua Polk, Henry Charles, 
Justices. 

181 1 — David Higgins, Henry Keene, Richard Pattison, Henry Haskins, 
Frederick Bennett, John Smoot, Matthias Travers, Matthew Keene, 
Edward Griffith, Thomas Lee, James Coleston, James Pattison, John 
Brohawn, Samuel Brown, Samuel Collins, Levin Marshall, Jnoa. Bunnell, 
Thomas Thompson, Sr., M. W. Nesbitt, John Lynch, Joshua Polk, Richard 
Goldsborough, Richard Airey, Richard Tootell, Justices. 

1812 — Richard Pattison, John Williams, Samuel Brown, Mathias Travers, 
Mathew Keene, Peter Denney, William Harrison, Jr., William Geoghegan, 
Frederick Bennett, A. S. Stanford, Thos. Thompson, Joshua Polk, Henry 
Haskins, David Higgins, Jno. Lynch, Richard Goldsborough, Richard 
Airey, Levin Marshall, Thos. Lee, Jacob Wright, Job Breerwood, Moses 
Geoghegan, Henry Smoot, Samuel Collins, Clement Waters, Moses 
Passapar, John S. McNamara, Henry P. Waggaman, Justices. 

1813 — John Williams, Richard Pattison, James Pattison, Levin Marshall, 
Thos. E. Waggaman, Francis L Beaven, Thos. Barnett, Jr., Wm. W. Polk, 
Richard Hayward, Thomas Jones, Edward Stapleford, Richard Golds- 
borough, Thos. L H. Eccleston, Matthew Keene, John Travers, George 
Lake, Henry McNamara, Robert Travers, Samuel Collins, Mathias Travers, 
Edward Griffith, Alexander Maxwell, Justices. 

1814 — James Chaplain, Matthew Travers, James Hooper, Richard Patti- 
son, John Lynch, Michael Lucas, James Williams, Matthew Keene, 
Frederick Bennett, Edward Griffith, John Travers, Alexander Maxwell, 
Thomas Pitt, Thomas Eccleston, Samuel Keene, John Travers, Justices. • 

1815 — James Pattison, Thomas Pitt, Thomas Jones, Matthias Travers, 
John Travers, Thomas Barnett, Robert Goldsborough, Henry C. Elbert. 
Richard Pattison, Daniel Sulivane, Samuel Keene, Michael Lucas, William 
Wright, John Jones, James Hooper, John Lynch, Levin Marshall, W. N. 
Nesbitt, John Williams, Henry McNamara, Valentine Insley, Jacob Wright, 
Wm. Andrews, A. Lowe, Justices. 

1816 — Daniel Sulivane, A. Lowe, Robert Goldsborough, Richard Pattison, 
Edward Griffith, Samuel Keene, Jacob Wright, John Brohawn, Alexander 
Maxwell, Levin Marshall, John Lynch, Paul Conaway, William Craft, 
James Pattison, Michael Mitchell, John Williams, William S. Harper, 
Michael Lucas, Henry C. Elbert, H. P. Waggaman, William Andrews, 
Benjamin Todd, Justices. 

1817— John Jones, W. N. Nesbitt, Robert Wallace, Thomas Jones, 
Thomas Ennalls, Justices. 

1818 — Richard C. Keene, Thomas Ford, Henry Smoot, John Brohawn, 
Paul Conaway, James LeCompte, Thomas Ennalls, Edward Griffith, 
William Andrews, Justices. 



428 APPENDIX 

1819— Levin Marshall, William Flint, Michael Lucas, John Donovan, 
Solomon Kirwan, Justices. 

1820— William B. Martin, John Donovan, Henry Smoot, Matthew Smith, 
David Higgins, Samuel LeCompte, George Lake, Joseph Evitt, Philip S. 
Yates, Francis Webb, James Thompson, Richard C. Keene, William Med- 
ford, Thomas Byus, James Carroll, James Pattison, Thomas Hill, William 
S. Harper, Henry Clift, William Byus, Henry Keene, Peter Harrington, 
Ezekiel Wheatley, John Brohawn, Samuel Sewall", Levin Woolford, 
William M. Robinson, Minos Adams, Justices. 

1821— Levin Marshall, Edward Griffith, Wm. S. Harper, Thomas Hill, 
George Lake, David Higgins, Joseph Evitt, Samuel LeCompte, Philip S. 
Yates, John Muir, Francis Webb, James Thompson, Richard C. Keene, 
William Medford, Levin Richardson, Thomas Byus, James Carroll, James 
Pattison, Godfrey Deane. Henry Clift, John Willis, Job Breerwood, William 
Byus, Henry Keene, Peter Harrington, Ezekiel Wheatley, John Brohawn, 
Samuel Sewall, Jere Bramble, Levin Woolford, Wm. M. Robinson, Minos 
Adams, William Geoghegan, Justices. 

1822 — James Cropper, John Travers, Thomas Hicks, George Graham, 
Levin Richardson, Samuel Rawleigh, James Carroll, James B. Travers, 
Eccleston Brown, Moses Geoghegan, Thomas Summers, Clement Mc- 
Namara, Francis Webb, WHIlliam Medford, James Pattison, Wm. M. Robin- 
son, Levin Woolford, Samuel Sewell, John Brohawn, Ezekiel Wheatley, 
Peter Harrington, Henry Keene, Justices. 

1823 — Absalom Thompson, Thomas Lee, Daniel Barnes, James Cropper, 
Levin Richardson, Samuel Rawleigh, James Carroll, Eccleston Brown, 
Clement McNamara, Francis Webb, William Medford, James Pattison, 
Henry Keene, Peter Harrington, Ezekiel Wheatley, John Brohawn, Samuel 
Sewell, Levin Woolford, Wm. M. Robinson, Justices. 

1824 — Reuben Lewis, James Hammersley, Thomas Walker, Herndon 
Haralson, Thomas Chapman, James Layton, Robert Hurley, John Douglas, 
James Houston, James Cropper, Levin Richardson, Samuel Rawleigh, 
James Carroll, Clement McNamara, Eccleston Brown, James Pattison, 
William Medford, Francis Webb, Henry Keene, Peter Harrington, Ezekiel 
Wheatley, John Brohawn, Samuel Sewell, Levin Woolford, Wm. M. Robin- 
son, Justices. 

1825 — Samuel LeCompte, Thomas Breerwood, James Houston, James 
Muir, William Byus, Reuben Lewis, Moses Geoghegan, James Hammersley, 
George Graham, Peter Harrington, Thomas Lee, William S. Harper, 
James B. Travers, Thomas Hill, Thomas Hicks, Robert Hurley, Richard C. 
Keene, Ezekiel Wheatley, John Douglas, Francis Webb, John Brohawn, 
Jere Bramble, George Lake, Edward Griffith, Henry Keene, John Donovan, 
D. H. Barrow, Minos Adams, Eccleston Brown, Henry Thomas, J. Bennett, 
James Cropper, Clement McNamara, Daniel Cannon, Thomas Simmons, 
Levin Richardson, Thomas Jones, Joseph Evitt, Justices. 

1826— Philip S. Yates, Benjamin Todd, Noah Dixon, W. G. Eccleston, 



APPENDIX 429 

Joseph Nicols, Josa. Humphriss, Edward Wright, James Layton, James 
Muir, Thomas Breerwood, James Houston, WilHam Byus, Reuben Lewis, 
Moses Geoghegan, James Hammersley, George Graham, Peter Harrington, 
Thomas Lee James B. Travers, Thomas Hill, Thomas Hicks, Robert Hur- 
ley, Richard C. Keene, Ezekiel Wheatley, John Douglas, Francis Webb, 
John Brohawn, Jere Bramble, George Lake, Edward Griffith, Henry Keene, 
John Donovan, D. W. Barrow, Eccleston Brown, Minos Adams, Henry 
Thomas, J. Bennett, James Cropper, Clement McNamara, Joseph Evitt, 
Thomas Jones, Levin Richardson, Daniel Cannon, Thomas Simmons, 
Justices. 

1827 — James Houston, W. G. Eccleston, Levi D. Travers, Matthias 
Travers, James Cropper, Thomas Hill, Philip S. Yates, Jos. Humpriss, 
Levin Richardson, Whitefield Woolford, John Douglass, Ezekiel Wheatley, 
George Lake, George Graham, James Hammersley, Levin Woolford, John 
Muir, William Byus, Edward Griffith, Minos Adams, Edward Wright, 
Joseph Evitt, Daniel Cannon, John Willis, Francis Webb, Jere Bramble, 
James Houston, John Donovan, Wesley Woodland, Isaac F. Williams, 
Qement McNamara, William Medford, James Thompson, Joseph K. 
Travers, Thomas Hicks, Thomas Chapman, Thomas Summers, William J. 
Ford, William Byus, James Carroll, James Corkran, Denwood H. Barrow, 
Stephen LeCompte (of L.), Lewis Ross, Thomas Barnett, Wm. Banning, 
Justices. 

1828 — Matthias Travers, Samuel Sewell, Noah Dixon, Thomas Jones, 
Joseph E. Whittington, Fisher Evans, Elijah Tall, James LeCompte, Jere 
Bramble, James Houston, John Donovan, Wesley Woodland, Isaac F. 
Williams, Clement McNamara, William Medford, Joseph K. Travers, 
William J. Ford, William Byus, James Carroll, Samuel Corkran, Denwood 
H. Barrow, Stephen LeCompte of L., Thomas Barnett, Justices. 

1829 — James Givin, Sr., Peter Harrington, Reuben Lewis, St. George E. 
Roberts, Jos. A. Humphriss, Wm. Geoghegan, Stephen Andrews, Nimrod 
Newton, Samuel L. Rawleigh, Arthur H. Willis, Eccleston Brown, Wm. D. 
Barrow, Jeremiah Bramble, Joseph Nicols, Elijah Tall, Solomon Kirwan, 
Levin Woolford, Uriah Medford, Fisher Evans, James LeCompte, James 
Houston, Matthias Travers, James Cropper, Philip S. Yates, Jos. A. Hum- 
phriss, Levin Richardson, Whitefield Woolford, John Douglass, Ezekiel 
Wheatley, George Lake, George Graham, James Hammersley, William 
Byus, Edward Griffith, William Byus, Minos Adams, "Edward Wright, 
Joseph Evitt, Daniel Cannon, John Willis, Francis Webb, James Houston, 
John Donovan, Wesley Woodland, Isaac Williams, Clement McNamara, 
WilHam Medford, Joseph K. Travers, William J. Ford, James Carroll, 
Samuel Corkran, D. H. Barrow, Stephen LeCompte of L., Thomas Barnett, 
Justices. 

1830 — Henry C. Elbert. James Frazier, John Smith, John Spcdden, Hugh 
Neild, John Rowins, James Craig, Thomas Evans, John Tyler, Benjamin 
Slacum, Samuel Craig, Henry Keene, Henry Shenton, Matthew Smith, Jr., 



43° APPENDIX 

Cassidy Rawlins, Daniel Follin, William Newton, Francis Webb, George A. 
Smith, Samuel L. Rawleigh, Reuben Lewis, Fisher Evans, Samuel Sewell, 
Clement McNamara, John Donovan, James Houston, William J. Ford, 
William Medford, Jere Bramble, James Cropper, Phillip S. Yates, Levin 
Richardson, George Graham, James Hammersley, William Byus, Minos 
Adams, Daniel Cannon, Justice's. 

1831 — Chas. W. Reed, Samuel Pattison, Levin Jones, Joseph S. Hooper, 
John G. Abbott, Henry Cook, G. McBride, William Andrews, George A. 
Smith, William Newton, Cassidy Rawlings, Henry Shenton, Henry Keene, 
Samuel Craig, Benjamin Slacum, John Spedden, John Rowins, John 
Smith, Solomon Kirwan, Elijah Tall, St. George Roberts, Reuben Lewis, 
Fisher Evans, James LeCompte, Thomas Barnett, Lewis Ross, Joseph K. 
Travers, Clement McNamara, Thomas Summers, John Donovan, James 
Houston, Jere Bramble, William Medford, Thomas J. Ford, James Crop- 
per, Ezekiel Wheatley, James Hammersley, William Byus, Edward Wright, 
Daniel Cannon, Minos Adams, Justices. 

1832 — ^James Houston, John Donovan, Jos. K. Travers, William Newton, 
Thomas Barnett, Levin Richardson, Hugh Neild, Cassidy Rawlings, 
Matthew Travers, Levi D. Travers, John G. AHbott, Solomon Robinson, 
Luke Mezick, Thos. L H. Eccleston, Solomon Kirwan, George Graham, 
Whitefield Woolford, Minos Adams, Edward Wright, William L Ford, 
William Byus, Henry Keene, James Hammersley, Samuel Craig, William 
Frazier, George A. Smith, Barzalla Street, Moses Geoghegan, James 
LeCompte, Nimrod Newton, James Carroll, Stephen Andrews, Thomas 
Summers, Samuel Pattison, Standley Richardson, Samuel Sewell, Wesley 
Woodland, W. G. EccTeston, Richard C. Keene, William Newton, Joseph S. 
Hooper, John Williams, Thomas Jones, Henry Keene, James Smith, 
Clement McNamara, William Andrews, Uriah Medford, John Spedden, 
John Collins, Eccleston Brown, Richard Tall, John Rowins, Timothy 
McNamara, Lewis Ross, Levin Keene (of H.), Peter Harrington, Michael 
Lucas, Justices. 

1833 — William L Ford, William Byus, James Houston, John Donovan, 
George A. Smith, G. McBride, Barzalla Street, Henry Keene, James 
Smith, James Hammersley, Samuel Craig, John Newton, William Newton, 
Joseph K. Travers, James Houston, Uriah Medford, Minos Adams, Joseph 
Vaughn, Wm. Banning, Clement McNamara, Timothy McNamara, Lewis 
Ross, Fisher Evans, Samuel Pattison, Solomon Kirwan, Levin Keene, 
Elijah Tall, Nimrod Newton, John Newton, Samuel Sewell, Edward 
Wright, John Collins, Joseph S. Hooper, Thomas Barnett, William 
Andrews, John Rowins, James Carroll, James Muir, S. L Pattison, John 
Spedden, Levin Richardson, Whitefield Woolford, John G. Abbott, Eccles- 
ton Brown, Charles W. Reed, Henry C. Elbert, Henry L. McNamara, 
Benj. T. Street, Minos Adams, Henry Cook, Standley Richardson, William 
S. Hooper, Edward Wright. 

1834 — Henry C. Elbert, Joseph S. Hooper, William L Ford, Samuel 



APPENDIX 431 

Pattison, James Houston, John Newton, John G. Abbott, John Spedden, 
William Frazier, Eccleston Brown, Richard Tall, William Byus, John 
Rowins, James Carroll, George A. Smith, Barzalla Street, Stephen 
Andrews, Charles W. Reed, Levin Richardson, Standley Richardson, 
Minos Adams, Luke Mezick, Fisher Evans, Henry L. McNamara, Solo- 
mon Kirwan, L. L Pattison, James Hammersley, Samuel Craig, Joseph K. 
Travers, Nimrod Newton, Timothy McNamara, Solomon Robinson, 
Clement McNamara, W. G. Eccleston, Gardner, Bayley, Joseph Stewart, 
Thomas Barnett, Thomas Summers, Benjamin T. Smith, L B. Newton, 
Will Banning, James Muir, Reuben Martina, Hugh Neild, Uriah Medford, 
James Carroll, Stephen Andrews, William Byus, H. Winterbottom, G. Mc- 
Bride, William Andrews, Justices. 

1835 — James Hammersley, Samuel Craig, Luke Mezick, Joseph Vaughn, 
Standley Richardson, L Pattison, Henry L. McNamara, Benj. T. Street, 
John Newton, Levin Ross, William Andrews, Thomas Barnett, John F. 
Eccleston, Solomon Kirwan, Fisher Evans, Archibald F. Reagan, John G. 
Abbott, H. Winterbottom, Elijah Tall, Levin Keene, James Carroll, 
Stephen Andrews, James Houston, Gardner Bayley, Edward Wright, 
Joseph VaugTin, James Muir, John Spedden, Will Banning, Devereux 
Travers, Samuel Sewell, G. McBride, Joseph S. Hooper, George A. Smith, 
Henry Keene, James Smith, Solomon Robinson, Reuben Martina, Jospeh K. 
Travers, John R. Creighton, Wesley Woodland, William Byus, Wm. L 
Ford, Levi D. Travers, William Finzle, John Collins, Richard Tall, 
Eccleston Brown, William Andrews, Lorenzo R. Wallace, Levin Keene 
(of H.), Justices. 

1836 — John Newton, Joseph S. Hooper, Eccleston Brown, L B. Newton, 
John R. Creighton, Gardner Bayley, L. L Pattison, Fisher Evans, John T. 
Stewart, Joseph K. Travers, Nimrod Newton, Reuben Martina, Joseph 
Vaughn, C. W. Reece, William Frazier, James Houston, Solomon Kirwan, 
Henry L. McNamara, Lewis Ross, Luke Mezick, Minos Adams, Barzalla 
Stewart, Solomon Robinson, Richard Tull, Samuel Pattison, John Webb, 
Samuel Craig, Whitefield Woolford, Henry Cook, James Muir, Edward 
Wright, Benjamin T. Street, Levi D. Travers, Levin Keene, Standley 
Richardson, Levin W. Tall, Elijah Tall, Uriah Medford, H. Winterbottom, 
John G. Abbott, Joel Cornwell, William Medford, C. W. Reed, Jacob 
Wilson, Timothy McNamara, W. Woodland, Solomon Robinson, William 
Howeth, William I. Ford, Justices. 

1837 — John Newton, T. I. Pattison, Fisher Evans, G. McBride, Gardner 
Bayley, Solomon Kirwan, Henry L. McNamara, Timothy McNamara, John 
Spedden, William Frazier, William Andrews, John R. Creighton, John G. 
Abbott, Joel Cornwell, James Higgins, John T. Stewart, Levin Richardson, 
Standley Richardson, Joseph S. Hooper, Levin S. Keene, James Smith, 
John Travers, Wesley Woodland, Luke Mezick, Edward Wright, Samuel 
Craig, William I. Ford, Barzillia Slacum, Joseph Hammersley, James 
Carroll, Solomon Robinson, John Thompson, William Medford, Lewis 



432 APPENDIX 

Ross, Reuben Martina, W. E. Greene, Nimrod Newton, Brannock Moore, 
W. D. Lynch, Horatio Hughes, Thomas Barnett, Justices. 

1838 — William I. Ford, John R. Creighton, Levin Richardson, Standley 
Richardson, Richard Tull, Minos Adams, John Newton, Gardner Bayley, 
James Smith, Levin L. Keene, John Webb, Brannock Moore, Elijah Tall, 
T. L Pattison, H. Willcox, G. McBride, Nimrod Newton, Nathaniel E. 
Greene, John Thompson, Reuben Martina, Charles A. Travers, W. Wood- 
land, Samuel Collins, Levin Marshall, James Dixon, James Carroll, John 
Rowins, Henry Cook, John Spedden, James Hammersley, Levin W. Tall, 
A. R. Wallace, Edward Wright, Devereux Travers, Arthur Bell, Stephen 
Andrews, John Rowins, William Frazier, Thomas Barnett, J. F. Eccleston, 
Barzillia Slacum, Horatio Hughes, Justices. 

1839 — James Hammersley, Levin W. Tall, Gardner Bayley, John Newton. 
John G. Abbott, Solomon Robinson, James Carroll, Stephen Andrews, 
Thomas Summers, T. L Pattison, Charles A. Travers, Samuel L Meekins, 
William Andrews, Timothy McNamara, Samuel Craig, Devereux Travers, 
Samuel Sewell, Henry Cook, Minos Adams, Edward Wright, William 
Howith Barzillia Slacum, Levin Keene, Cain Hurley, James Rea, John D. 
Stevens, John Spedden, James Dixon, Alden B. Smith, Charles A. Travers, 
Wm. L Ford, John Keene, Wesley Woodland, William Rhea, Solomon F. 
Kirwan, Thomas Barnett, Will Banning, William Newton, Thomas 
Adams, Levi D. Travers, Travers Spicer, John D. Stevens, H. Willcox, 
John H. Hodson. Clement McNamara, H. C. Elbert, Mitchell Thompson, 
Eccleston Brown, Ignatius B. Newton, John B. Caulk, Richard Tull, Henry 
Shenton, John F. Eccleston, James Mowbray, Jr., Vincent Moore, Luke 
Mezick, Jacob Elston, William D. Lynch, Standley Richardson, D. W. 
Tyler, Travers B. Tolley, Brannock Moore, George A. Smith, Fisher Evans, 
Edward Thomas, Joseph S. Hooper, Justices. 

1840 — Levin Richardson, Whitefield Woolford, James Dixon, Henry 
Shenton, John F. Eccleston, Samuel Abbott, Thomas Hubbard, John New- 
ton, Gardner Bayley, George A. Smith, John G. Abbott, James Rea, 
Solomon F. Kirwan, Samuel Sewell, John D. Stevens, Solomon Robinson, 
John Spedden, William Frazier, James Smith, Thomas Adams, Elisha 
Corkran, Horatio Hughes, William Newton, John B. Caulk, James Gould, 
Thomas Barnett, John G. Abbott, T. L Pattison, James Hammersley, 
Thomas Summers, Henry Cook, Edward Thomas, Mitchell Thompson, 
D. W. Tyler, Luke Mezick, Samuel Twilley, Cain Hurley, Thomas Breer- 
wood, James R. McKewer, Vincent Moore, Wesley Woodland, John 
Hooper, Standley Richardson, John B. Creighton, Henry C. Elbert, Lewis 
Ross, Minos Adams, William T. Parks, Algernon Thomas, Peter Harring- 
ton, Samuel Harrington, Robert Bell, Brannock Moore, Charles I. Smith, 
James E. Go'slin, William Rhea, Greenbury, Devereux Travers, George 
Tyler, Travers B. Tolley, Charles Corkran, Jeremiah Bramble, Justices. 

1841 — Charles Corkran, Thomas Barnett, Whitefield Woolford, Samuel 
Craig, Travers B. Tollej-, William Rhea, Edward Thomas, John G. Abbott, 



APPENDIX 433 

James Rea, James Gould, Charles I. Smith, Samuel Sewell, Uriah Medford, 
Daniel Cannon, John B. Caulk, Clement McNamara, George Tyler, Henry 
Shenton, George A. Smith, William McMichael, Brannock Moore, Fisher 
Evans, John Hooper, Chas. A. Travers, John W. Dail, D. W. Tyler, 
Richard Pattison, Richard Tall, Solomon Robinson, Henry Cook, Lewis 
Ross, Henry C. Elbert, John D. Stevens, James Mowbray, Jr., Elisha 
Corkran, Algernon Thomas, Vincent Moore, James R. McKiever, Samuel 
Abbott, Thomas Hubbard, William Newton, Samuel Twilley, Standley 
Richardson, James Hammersley, Minos Adams, Lewis Ross, Levin Rich- 
ardson, William Newton, Jeremiah Bramble, James Smith, John Spedden, 
Justices. 

1842 — Henry Shenton, D. W. Tyler, Charles Corkran, James Rea, 
William Newton, John D. Stevens, George A. Smith, William McMichael, 
Charles I Smith, Samuel Twilley, Levi D. Travers, Wm. F. Geoghegan, 
James Hammersley, Standley Richardson, Marcellus D. Keene, James 
Gould, A. H. Penington, Henry W. Gray, William T." Parks, John G. 
Abbott, Brannock Moore, G. McBride, Henry C. Elbert, Solomon Robinson, 
Henry Cook, Thomas H. Ruark, Fisher Evans, Jeremiah Bramble, William 
Rhea, Edward Thomas, John Spedden, Lewis Ross, George Tyler, Minos 
Adams, Daniel Cannon, Clement McNamara, Algernon Thomas, Joel 
Cornwell, Elisha Corkran, Marcellus D. Keene, Richard Tall, Whitefield 
Woolford, Travers B. Tolley, Fielder Jones, James R. McKeever, Vincent 
Moore, Justices. 

1843 — William Rhea, Henry Cook, John Radcliff, James Rea, Charles 
Corkran, Travers B. Tolley, Richard Tall, William Newton, John D. 
Stevens, John G. Abbott, Solomon Robinson, John P. Abbott, Samuel 
Twilley, Daniel Cannon, Vincent Moore, Samuel Craig, Henry Shenton, 
D. W. Tyler, John A. Radcliff, Richard Pattison, Clement McNamara, 
William Geoghegan, Caleb Griffin, James Mowbray, Jeremiah Bramble, 
James Gould, Fisher Evans, William McMichael, Whitefield Woolford, 
James Smith, Joel Cornwell, George A. Smith, Levi D. Travers, James E. 
Goslin, Fielder Jones, Charles A. Travers, Richard Pattison, Edward 
Brodess, Lewis Ross, Elisha Corkran, Algernon Thomas, James Moore, 
William Staplefort, Justices. 

1844 — Henry Cook, John A. Radcliff, James Hammersley, Standley 
Richardson, William Newton, John D. Stevens, Henry Shenton, Fielder 
Jones, George A. Smith, Joel Cornwell, James Rea, Charles L Smith, 
James E. Goslin, William Rhea, Edward Thomas, Whitefield Woolford, 
Charles A. Travers, William Staplefort, Richard Tall, Jeremiah Bramble, 
James Gould, John G. Abbott, D. W. Tyler, Samuel Twilley, Edward W. 
Morris, James Moore, Caleb Griffin, Daniel Cannon, James Smith, Clement 
McNamara, Brannock Moore, Thomas J. Ball, Edward Brodess, Joseph A. 
Emondson, Samuel Abbott, Edward R. Goslin, Justices. 

1845 — George A. Smith, Brannock Moore, James Rea, Charles Corkran, 
William McMichael, Elijah K. Hurley, Thomas J. Ball, Henry C. Elbert, 

28 



434 APPENDIX 

Daniel Cannon, Charles T. Smith, Edward W. Tull, William Newton, 
John D. Stevens, D. W. Tyler, Henry Shenton, Clement McNamara, James 
Gould, Edward W. Morris, Edward R. Goslin, William W. LeCompte, 
Robert Bell, Fielder Jones, Charles A. Travers, Robert R. Robertson, 
James Mowbray, James Moore, James Hammersley, Standley Richardson, 
Gardner Bayley, James Cooper, Richard Tall, Jeremiah Bramble, James 
R. McKeever, Thomas Barnett, John D. Brower, Fisher Evans, Charles 
W. Breerwood, Levin Mitchell, William Howeth, T. I. Pattison, Kendal 
Fooks, Horatio Hughes, G. P. Lake, J. L. Maguire, John Shoacre, John 
Webb, Stephen Andrews, Justices. 

1846 — Thomas Barnett, John F. Eccleston, Richard Tall, Samuel Craig, 
William W. LeCompte, Robert Bell, Augustus T. Wheatley, Henry Shen- 
ton, James Cooper, Gardner Bayley, John G. Abbott, H. Winterbottom, 
James Hammersley, Standley Richardson, Nimrod Newton, John Webb, 
Edward Wright, Edward Tull, Whitefield Woolford, Timothy McNamara, 
Brannock Moore, John D. Bower, John Showacrc, J. L. Maguire, Robert 
R. Robertson, Kendal Fooks, Elijah Tall, James Geoghegan, G. P. Lake, 
William Howeth, James Smith, James Mowbray, Fielder G. Jones, John 
Webb, Devereux Travers, Algernon Thomas, Horatio Hughes, Samuel 
Sewell, Justices. 

1847— Edward Tull, A. T. Wheatley, Robert Bell, Wm. W. LeCompte, 
George A. Smith, Fisher Evans, John Spedden, C. W. Breerwood, Robert 
R. Robertson, John Webb, William Howeth, John B. Leckie, Devereux 
Travers, James Cooper, Timothy McNamara, Stephen Andrews, Fielder 
G. Jones, Vincent P. Moore, Samuel Sewell, Standley Richardson, John 
D. Bower, J. L. Maguire, John Showacre, Brannock Moore, John T. 
Stewart, Gardner Bayley, William Newton, John D. Stevens, James Ham- 
mersley, G. P. Lake, Charles L Smith, Horatio Hughes, J. W. Henry, 
Thomas Barnett, Robert H. Muir, James L. Geoghegan, John B. Leckie, 
William Spear, Levin Craig, Richard Tall, Nimrod Newton, James N. 
Sherman, Justices. 

1848 — Wm. W. LeCompte, Robert Bell, William Howeth, William Spear, 
Brannock Moore, J. W. Henry, Thomas Barnett, Charles Corkran, James 
Rea, Elijah Tall, Richard Tall, James Smith, James L. Geoghegan, John 
R. Shenton, Fielder G. Jones, J. L. Maguire, John Showacre, Gardner 
Bayley, C. W. Breerwood, Robert H. Muir, G. P. Lake, Nimrod Newton, 
James W. Sherman, Edward Tull, Vincent P. Moore, Robert R. Robertson, 
Stephen Andrews, Chas. T. Smith, Noah Abbott, John Roszell, A. S. 
Harper, D. W. Tyler, Samuel Hardican, A. T. Wheatley, James Craig, 
John W. Travers, Nicholas Langfit, Arthur Hughes, Thos. L Ball, J. H. 
Bell, Daniel Cannon, William Geoghegan (of John), Justices. 

1849 — Samuel Abbott, Thomas R. Cook, Whitefield Woolford, James 
Craig, James P. Russell, Joseph H. Bell, Charles Corkran, James Rea, 
Wm. W. LeCompte, Robert Bell, John D. Stevens, Thomas L Ball, James 
B. Thompson, A. S. Harper, Thomas Barnett, Nimrod Newton, Noah 



APPENDIX 435 

Abbott, Wm. M. Robinson, D. W. Tyler, Samuel Hardlcan, Patti- 

son, William Frazier, Daniel Cannon, Chas. T. Smith, John B. Leckie, 
John Webb, Daniel Robinson, William Newton, William Geoghegan, John 
W. Travers, George A. Smith, Charles I. Smith, James Hammersley, 
Nicholas Langfit, Arthur Hughes, John E. Roszell, Justices. 

1850 — George A. Smith, Thomas I. Ball, James Rea, Charles Corkran, 
Charles I. Smith, John D. Stevens, Whitefield Woolford, James Ham- 
mersley, Joseph H. Bell, James P. Russell, D. W. Tyler, Samuel Hardican, 
Noah Abbott, James Craig, Wm. H. Barton, Nicholas Langfit, Wm. M. 
Frazier, Charles T. Smith, Daniel Cannon, James Smith, John W. Travers, 
William Geoghegan, Arthur Hughes, James B. Thompson, Henry Shenton, 
Samuel Abbott, Thomas R. Cook, James H. Radcliff, Daniel Robinson, 
W. T. Vickers, James Mowbray, Justices. 



THE GOVERNOR'S COUNCILi qr UPPER HOUSE OF ASSEM- 
BLY IN COLONIAL PERIOD, CHOSEN FROM 
DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

1690-95 — Charles Hutchins. 

1709-17 — Col. Thomas Ennalls. Recommissioned in 1715 by his Lord- 
ship and Lord Guilford, his Lordship's guardian. 
1729 — Col. John Rider. 
October, 1763 — Charles Goldsborough. 
May, 1766 — Col. Henry Hooper. 

STATE SENATORS. 

First State Senator elected by the Electoral College under the State 
Government from Dorchester County. 

'^777-^?, — Robert Goldsborough. In 1783 he resigned on account of 
poor health, but was at once reelected to fill the vacancy with the re- 
quest that he take his seat whenever able. In November, 1784, he 
declined to accept his appointment. 

1781-90 — ^John Henry. Also a member of Congress during the Revo- 
lution. Some State Senators were elected to the Continental Congress, 
and were allowed to hold both ofBces. 

1791-95 — Charles Goldsborough, elected November 19 to fill a vacancy. 

1801 — Charles Goldsborough, Jr. 



1 The method of selecting members of the Council and the limited number chosen by 
the Governor did not always give each county a representative in the Upper House. 

Note.— From 1789 to 1836, when .State Senators were chosen by an Electoral College, 
and only six Senators to be elected from the Eastern Shore, every county could not have a 
Senator. The method of selection sometimes gave a county two Senators, while some 
other county had none. 



436 APPENDIX 

1811-15 — Charles Frazier. December 9, 1814; he resigned, but was 
reelected at once by the Senate. 

1832-35 — Henry Page. 

1837 — William T. Goldsborough, elected by the people. 

1838 — Thomas J. H. Eccleston, elected by the people. 

1839-42 — Wm. T. Goldsborough, elected by the people. 

1844-49 — Francis P. Phelps, elected by the people. 

1852-54 — Benj. G. Keene, elected by the people. 

1856 — James Wallace. 

i860 — Charles Goldsborough. 

1864 — Dr. Thomas King Carroll, who resigned. 

1866 — William Frazier. 

1868 — Washington A. Smith. 

1870— Daniel M. Henry. 

1874— Francis P. Phelps, M.D. 

1878 — Clement Sulivane. 

1884 — Henry Lloyd. President of the Senate. By the resignation of 
Governor McLane, became acting Governor in 1885. Was elected Gov- 
ernor by the Legislature January 20, 1886; term expired January, 1888. 

1887 — Joseph H. Johnson. 

1889 — Geo. E. Austin. 

1893 — Joseph H. Johnson. 

1897 — Wm. F. Applegarth. 

1901 — Wm. F. Applegarth. 

1 

STATE CONVENTIONS. 

November 4, 1850 — Thomas H. Hicks, John H. Hodson, Alward John- 
son, Washington A. Smith. 

April 24, 1864 — Thomas J. Hodson, Alward Johnson, Washington A. 
Smith, Thomas L Dail. 

May 8, 1867 — James Wallace, Wm. T. Goldsborough, George E. 
Austin, Dr. Levin Hodson. 

LIST OF SHERIFFS OF DORCHESTER COUNTY AS FAR AS 

KNOWN. 
Prior to 1669 — Unknown. 
1669 — Raymond Staplefort. 
1675-77 — Thomas Taylor. 
1678-80 — Stephen Gary. 
1681 — Edward Pinder. 

1682 — William Smithson, cousin of Lord Baltimore. 
1683 — Stephen Gary. 
1684 — John Woodward. 
1685 — John Taylor. 



APPENDIX 437 

1686-88— Edward Finder. 
1692 — Thomas Cooke. 
1696 — Walter Campbell. 
1707-08— Covert Lockerman. 
1709 — Roger Woolford. 
1720 — James Hays. 
1722 — Charles Ungle. 
1726-28 — James Woolford. 

1728-30 — Jacob Lockerman. Jacob Lockerman, son of Jacob Locker- 
man, appointed in place of Woolford, removed. 
1731-33— Henry Trippe. 
1734-36 — Peter Taylor. 
1737-39 — Jacob Hindman. 
1740-42 — Edward Trippe. 
1743-46 — Thos. Muir. 
1746-47 — Adam Muir. 

1747-49 — Ennalls Hooper, Bartholomew Ennalls. 
1750-52 — Bartholomew Ennalls. 
1752-55 — Daniel Sulivane. 
1755-58 — Charles Dickenson. 
1758-61 — Hall Caile. 

1761 — Moses Allen, in place of Caile, deceased. 
1761-64 — Robert Goldsborough, appointed in place of Allen. 
1764-67 — John Dickenson. 
1767-69 — Robert Harrison. 
1770-75 — Daniel Sulivane, Jr. 
1775-76 — Robertson Stevens. 
1777-84 — John Stevens. 
1785-91 — Thomas Lockerman. 
1791-93 — Charles Hodson. 
1794-97 — John Tootell. 
1798-1800 — Henry Lake. 
1801-02 — Ezekiel Richardson. 
1803-05 — Thomas J. Pattison. 
1806-09 — Thomas Ennalls. 
1810-11 — Joseph Ennalls. 
1812 — John Newton. 
1812-14— Thomas James Pattison. 
1815-16 — Thomas Barnett. 
1817 — Solomon Kirwan. 
1818-21 — Thomas Breerwood. 
1821-23 — Solomon Kirwan. 
1824-27 — Thomas H. Hicks. 
1828-30 — Nathaniel Applegarth. 
1830-33 — Reuben Tall. 



438 APPENDIX 



834-3^— John G. Bell. 
837-39 — James A. Waddell. 
840-42 — John H. Hodson. 
843-45— Wm. B. Dail. 
846-48— Kendal M. Jacobs. 
849-50 — ^John Richardson. 
851-52 — ^Janies E. Douglass. 
853-54— John E. Applegarth. 
855-56— Robert Bell. 
857-58— Wm. T. Vickers. 
859-61 — Josiah Kerr. 
861-63 — Alexander Woolford. 
864-65— John T. Moore. 
865-66— Alfred J. Mowbry. 
867-68 — ^James A. Bramble. 
869-70 — William R. Shenton. 
871-72 — Edwin Dashiell. 
873-74 — William Hurlock. 
875-76 — Levin T. Dunnock, Jr. 
877-78— Pollard S. Collins. 
879-80 — Geo. G. James. 
881-82— John W. Fletcher. 
883-84— Thos. A. Melvin. 
885-86— Luther P. Martin. 
887-88— Edwin T. Mace. 
889-90 — Theophilus T. Wheatley. 
891-92 — Thos. B. Gator. 
893-94 — Jos. O. Wright. 
S95-96 — Edward S. Phillips. 
897-98 — Samuel E. LeCompte. 
899-1900 — W. Lake Robinson. 
901-02— John W. Mills. 



GOVERNORS OF MARYLAND FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

1797— John Henry, elected by the Legislature, Nov. 13. Resigned, 1798. 
1818 — Charles Goldsborough, by Legislature. 

1857 to November, 1861— Thomas Holliday Hicks, by the people. 
Henry Lloyd, President Senate, succeeded Governor McLane, and was 



JVoie.— The Sheriffs also appointed Collector of Taxes and bonded as such. 



APPENDIX 439 

elected for balance of term by Legislature, Jan. 20,1886; term expired 
Jan., 1888. 

SECRETARY OF STATE FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY. 
1886-93 — Edward W. LeCompte. 

w- 

COMPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY FROM DORCHESTER 

COUNTY. 
1898-igoo — Phillips Lee Goldsborough. 

COMMISSIONERS OF THE LAND OFFICE FROM DORCHESTER 

COUNTY. 

1869-84— Dr. William R. Hayward. 
1896-1900 — William O. Mitchell. 

CLERKS OF DORCHESTER COUNTY COURTS. 

1669 — Edward Savage, appointed; Hugh Eccleston. 

1678 — William Smithson. 

1681 — Thomas Smithson. 

1687 — Samuel Smith. 

1688-92 — Thomas Pattison. 

1692- 1 710 — Hugh Eccleston. 

1710 — Covert Lockerman. 

1710-16 — Hugh Eccleston. 

1716-20 — Covert Lockerman. 

1720-32 — Charles Goldsborough and Covert Lockerman. 

1732-38 — Charles Goldsborough. 

1738-45 — Howes Goldsborough. 

1745-66 — John Caile. 

1766-77 — Richard Sprigg. 

^777 — Nicholas Plammond. 

1777-80 — John Caile Harrison. 

1780-88 — Nicholas Hammond, resigned June 9, 1788. 

1788 — Henry Dickenson, qualified June 11, 1788. 

1788-1810 — Henry Dickinson. 

1810-42— Ezekiel Richardson. 

1842-44 — Ed\yard P. LeCompte. 

1844-51 — William Jackson. 

1851-79 — Francis J. Henry. 

1879-1902 — Charles Lake. 



440 APPENDIX 

COURT JUDGES FOR THE FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT, 
INCLUDING DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

1791 — John Done (of Somerset), Chief Justice; Robert Harrison, Moses 
LeCompte, Associate Justices. 

1799 — WilHam Whittington, Chief Justice ; Moses LeCompte, Robert 
Dennis, Associate Justices. 

1802 — William Polk, Chief Justice ; Robert Dennis, John Craig, Associate 
Justices. 

1806 — William Polk, Chief Justice; John Done, James B. Robbins, As- 
sociate Justices. 

1816 — William Bond Martin, Chief Judge ; James Robbins, William 
Whittington, Associate Justices. 

1827 — William B. J. Martin, Chief Judge; Ara Spence, William Tingle, 
Associate Justices. 

1836 — Ara Spence, Chief Judge ; William Tingle, Brice J. Goldsborough, 
Associate Justices. 

1851 — Hon. Ara Spence, Chief Judge. 

1854 — Hon. James A. Stewart, Chief Judge, Dorchester County. 

1856 — Hon. Thomas A. Spence, Chief Judge. 

1867 — Hon. James A. Stewart, Chief Judge, Dorchester County; John 
R. Franklin, Levin T. H. Irving, Associate Justices. 

1878 — James A. Stewart, Chief Judge, Dorchester County ; Levin T. H. 
Irving, Ephraim K. Wilson, Associate Justices. 

1879 — Hon. Levin Irving, Chief Judge; Ephraim Wilson, Chas. F. 
Goldsborough, Associate Justices, Dorchester County. 

1884 — Hon. Levin Irving, Chief Justice, Dorchester County; Chas. F. 
Goldsborough, Chas. F. Holland, Associate Justices. 

1892 — Hon. Henry Page, Chief Judge ; Chas. F. Holland, Henry Loyd, 
Associate Justices, Dorchester County. 

ASSISTANT COURT OFFICERS IN THE CLERK'S OFFICE OF 
DORCHESTER COUNTY COURT, AT PRESENT. 

1892 — James S. Shepherd, Chief Deputy Clerk. 
1894 — Edward P. Lake, Recording Clerk. 
1894 — Samuel E. Dail, Recording Clerk. 

STATE'S ATTORNEYS, DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

1851— Jos. E. Muse. 
1852-57 — B. B. Goldsborough. 
1857-60 — Charles F. Goldsborough. 
1860-61 — Chas. F. Handy. 



APPENDIX 441 

1861-62 — Chas. F. Goldsborough. 
1862-67 — Geo. W. Jefferson. 
1867-79 — Charles E. Hayward. 
1879-87— Daniel M. Henry, Jr. 
1887-91— John R. Pattison. 
1891-97— Phillips L. Goldsborough. 
1898-99 — James A. Higgins, appointed. 
1899- 1902 — E. C. Harrington. 

REGISTERS OF WILLS. 

1785-95 — John Goldsborough. 

1823 — Wm. Washington Eccleston, elected by Joint Assembly, Decem- 
ber I. 

1837 — William Washington Eccleston. 

1838-51 — Thomas Holliday Hicks, by appointment. 

1851-55 Mitchell, by election. 

1855-57 — Thos. Holliday Hicks, by election. 
1861-85 — Edward W. LeCompte. 
1885-1902 — John W. Fletcher. 

SOME MEMBERS OF THE ORPHANS' COURT OF DORCHESTER 

COUNTY. 

1845 — Thos. Breerwood, Charles Seward, Lewis Ross. 
1848 — Thos. Breerwood, John W. Dail, Algernon Thomas. 
185 1 — James Dixon, James Thompson, L. H. Ross. 
1855 — John H. Hodson, L. H. Ross, Levin Jones. 
1858 — L. H. Ross, Levin Jones, Algernon Thomas. 
i860— Wm. B. Dail, John W. Henry, Wm. W. Mace. 
1863 — James Higgins, Jas. N. Sherman, John W. Woolford. 
1866 — James Higgins, John W. Woolford, Josiah Carroll. 
1867 — James Higgins, Samuel Pattison, Levi D. Travers. 
1871 — James Higgins, Levi D. Travers, John R. Keene. 
1875 — John R. Keene, Peter Harrington, Jas. N. Wrightson. 
1879— John R. Keene, Peter Harrington, or Nicholas Langford, Daniel 
F. Ewell. 

1883 — James Gore, Peter Harrington, Daniel F. Ewell. 
1887— Thos. LeCompte, Jerry Linthicum, James M. Wrightson. 
1889— Thos. LeCompte, Jere Linthicum, Geo. Abert Thompson. 
1891— Geo. A. Thompson, Furman B. Clifton, Wm. H. Turpin. 
i89S_Francis J. Webb. James H. Murphy, Geo. H. Applegarth. 
1899 — J. Hooper Bosley, Edward P. Smith, Thomas B. Hackett. 



442 APPENDIX 

COUNTY COAIMISSIONERS AFTER CONSTITUTION OF 1850. 

May 18, 1852 — James Higgins, John Muir, James Cooper, William K. 
Travers, Fielder G. Jones, James Hammersly, John L. Willis. 

December 20, 1853 — Augustus T. Wheatly, Levin P. Cook, John T. Stew- 
art, Martin L. Wall, Hugh Maguire, James Higgins, 

December 7, 1855 — James Smith, Josiah Webb, William Kirby, Samuel 
Twilley, Benjamin Travers. 

January 11, 1857— William Kirby, Hiram W. Woolford, Martin L. Wall, 
Charles Johnson, Jos. H. Bell. 

1858 — The same as 1857. 

April 21, i860 — Thomas Lambdin, Thomas J. LeCompte, John A. L. 
Radcliffe, Thomas R. Cook, Thomas H. Smoot. 

1861 — The same as i860. 

1862 — ^Jos. H. Bell, Nicholas Langfitt, John T. Moore. 

April 23, 1863 — Thomas Lambdin, Thomas R. Cook, Jos. H. Bell, John 
T. Moore, Nicholas Langfitt. 

1864 — Dr. John F. Kurtz, Wm. K. Slacum, Wm. J. Donoho, Samuel P. 
Brohawn, C. W. Carroll. 

1865 — The same as 1864. 

1866 — Thomas Lambdin, James N. Wright, Wm. J. Donoho, Sylvester, 
George W. Phillips. 

1867 — The same as 1866. 

1868 — George H. Meekins, Robert B. Spedden, William Robinson, Thos. 
A. Willis, James M. Thompson. 

1869 — Same as 1868. 

1870 — James R. Wheatly, James M. Thomson, John Tubman, John R. 
Cook, Isaac W. Lowe. 

1871 — The same as 1870. 

1872 — James R. Wheatly, Samuel Higgins, Charles Lake. 

1873 — Same as 1872. 

1S74 — Kendall M, Jacoks, Charles Lake, William Spedden. 

1875 — The same as 1874. 

1876 — Thomas I. Jones, M. S. R. Fooks, John T. Hachett. 

1877 — The same as 1876. 

187S— F. B. Clifton, Thomas I. Jones, William W. Mace. 

1879 — The same as 1878. 

1880 — Solomon F. Kirwan, Levin J. Spicer, Robert B. Spedden, Nicho- 
las Wright, Jos. T. Davis. 

1881 — The same as 1880. 

1882 — Uriah LIurley, James F. Wheatly, Charles H. Seward, John W. 
Jones, C. C. Fallin. 

1883 — The same as 1882. 



APPENDIX 443 

1884 — R. T. Wright, Jeremiah Linthicum, Edward P. Smith, M. D. 
Howeth, James M. Andrews. 

1885 — The same as 1884. 

1886 — Levin A. Insley, Jeremiah Linthicum, Edward P. Smith, Daniel J. 
Vickers, William F. Snow. 

1888 — Levin A. Insley, Wm. J. Payne, Samuel A. Lawson, Jas. N. Sher- 
man, Jere. L. Creighton. 

1890 — Wm. J. Payne, Jas. N. Sherman, Samuel A. Lawson, Irvin M. 
Langrell, Jos. W. Brooks. 

1892 — Jos. W. Brooks, M. D. Howeth, Wm. E. Davis, Jos. B. Andrews, 
Thos. R. Hubbard. 

1894 — J. Wilson Dail, Francis E. Loomis, John M. Colston. 

1896 — J. Wilson Dail, Francis E. Loomis, Rufus F. Noble. 

1898— J. Wilson Dail, Rufus F. Noble, Jno. W. T. Webb. 

1900— Geo. W. Woolford, Rufus F. Noble, John W. T. Webb. 

1901-02 — James C. Leonard,^ John W. T. Webb, W. Richard Thomas, 
Geo. W. Woolford. 

PUBLIC SCHOOL COMMISSIONERS. 

"^723 — Rev. Thomas Howell, Col. Roger Woolford, Major Henry Ennalls, 
Capt. John Rider, Capt. Henry Hooper, Capt. John Hudson, Govert 
Lockerman, Parish Schools. 

1845 — James Thompson, Arthur Bell, James Dixon, John C. Henry. 

1857— Daniel M. Henry, E. F. Smithers, Robert Williams, Josiah Bayly, 
Wm. Stewart, of J., Barzilla Slacum, William Creighton, Treasurer. 

Sept. 1865 — Dr. K F. Smithers, President of Board ; Travers Spicer, 
John E. Graham, John G. Robinson, Robert F. Thompson, Secretary and 
Treasurer. 

Feb., 1867 — Dr. James L. Bryan, President of Board; Daniel J. Wad- 
dell, Jno. G. Robinson, Travers Spicer, John E. Graham, Joseph E. 
Muse, Secretary and Treasurer. 

April, 1868 — Risdon J. L. Smith, Dr. John E. Hooper, Daniel J. 
Waddell, Thos. H. Keene, Charles Lake, John Tubman, Levin Jones, 
Robert B. Spedden, William W. Mace, Firmer B. Clifton, Dr. Wm. D. 
Noble, Edwin Dashiell, Kendal B. Parsons, appointed by Judges of the 
Circuit Court. 

Aug., 1869 — Edward R. Goslin, in place of Dr. W. D. Noble. 

March, 1870 — Wm. W. Mace, President of Board; Risdon J. L. Smith, 

Levin Jones, Cannon, Dr. Eugene Hodson, Thos. H. Keene, Chas. 

Lake, Moekins, Dr. Geo. P. Jones, Dr. Geo. L. Hicks, Marshall, 

Edwin Dashiell, Edward R. Goslin. 

Jan., 1872 — Dr. Eugene Hodson, President ; Dr. Geo. L. Hicks, John 
Tubman. 



'Leonard unseated by contest before the Court, Geo. W. Woolford seated. 



444 APPENDIX 

Jan., 1874 — Dr. Geo. L. Hicks, President; Jas. R. Wheatley, John Tub- 
man. 

Feb., 1876 — The same Board. 

Jan., 1878 — Levi D. Travers, President; Dr. R. J. Price, Edwin Dashiell. 

Jan., 1882 — Travers, Price, Dashiell, Jno. N. Wright, Wm. W. Mace. 

Feb., 1884 — The same Board. 

Jan., 1886 — The' same Board. 

Jan., 1888 — The same Board. 

Jan., 1890 — The same Board. 

Jan., 1891 — Wm. W. Mace, Mace resigned; John M. Colston, Colston 
appointed to fill vacancy. 

Jan., 1892 — Edwin Dashiell, Jno. M. Colston, Wm. G. Smith, Irvin M. 
Langrall, James M. Robertson. 

Aug., 1892 — New Board^Geo. W. Woolford, Jas. M. Robertson, Irvin 
M. Langrall. 

July, 1894 — Robinson, Zora H. Brinsfield, Robinson resigned, Brins- 
field appointed to fill vacancy. 

Aug., 1896 — Wm. L. Rhoder, Rhoder appointed in the place of Brinsfield 
by Governor. 

Aug., 1898 — Martin J. Perkins, Wm. L. Rhodes, Irvin M. Langrall, 
appointed by Governor of the State. 

1900 — New Board — Jno. G. Mills, Wm. G. Smith, Jas. M. Sherman, 
Irvin M. Langrall, M. J. Perkins, Geo. C. Insley, appointed by the Governor 
of the State. 

1902 — The same Board continues, appointed by the Governor of the State. 



U. S. SENATORS FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

1789-97 — John Henry. 

1813-16 — Robert H. Goldsborough. 

1837-41 — John S. Spence. 

Thomas Holliday Hicks, appointed U. S. Senator by Governor Bradford 
in 1863 ; his appointment was ratified by the Legislature at the session 
of 1864. 

U. S. CONGRESSMEN FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY. 

December, 1777 — John Henry. 

1785-88 — John Henry. ] 

1806-12-18— Charles Goldsborough. 

1855-59 — James A. Stewart. 

1876-80— Daniel M. Henry. 

1894 — W. Laird Henry. 

1900-01 — Josiah L. Kerr, one session. 



APPENDIX 445 

POSTOFFICES AND POSTMASTERS IN DORCHESTER 
COUNTY IN 1902. 

Aireys Z. H. Mowbray. 

Applegarth James Ruark. 

Bestpitch J- B. Wall. 

Bishop's Head Fred E. Ruark. 

Brookview Daniel J. Murphy. 

Bucktown Samuel Smith. 

Cabin Creek Abolished. 

Cambridge S. M. Moore. 

Church Creek Wm. Stewart. 

Cokeland L. J. Lankford. 

Cornersville J- Beckwith. 

Crapo James E. Andrews. 

Crocheron .• Eugene Crocheron. 

Dailsville Abolished. 

Drawbridge Mrs. Margaret Henry. 

East New Market Miss Geogie Melvin. 

Eldorado Mrs. Linda Stack. 

Elliott Alonza Moore. 

EUwood Jno. Richards. 

Finchville J- T. Wheatley. 

Fishing Creek M. E. Tolley. 

Galestown Samuel Collins. 

Glnckheim 

Golden Hill Jno. A. Dunnock. 

Harrison Abohshed. 

Hawkeye Abolished. 

Hills Point S. F. Spedden. 

Holland's Island Ollie A. Evans. 

HoopersviUe Wm. H. Dean. 

Hudson A. T. Barnes. 

Hurlock Wm. H. Stevens. 

James H. P. Spedden. 

Lakesville Melissie E. Insley. 

Linkwood F- H. Vincent. 

Lloyds Jno- Wright. 

Madison Wm. W. Harrington. 

Mount Holly Abolished. 

Reed's Grove Jackson. 

Reliance Mathew Smith. 

Rhodesdale Geo. W. Murphy. 

5alem Chas. Brohawn. 

Secretary Cad. Howard. 



446 



APPENDIX 



Taylor's Island Edward L. Griffith. 

Thompsons W. H. Thomas. 

Toddville Wm. L. G. Robinson. 

Vienna Elias McCallister. 

Walnut Landing Abolished. 

Williamsburg Roland T. Anderson. 

Wingate Urim G. Wingate. 

Woolford Samuel W. Woolford. 

Wrights Geo. H. Applegarth. 

ROSTER OF VOLUNTEERS FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY, 

IN THE FIRST EASTERN SHORE REGIMENT OF INFANTRY 
MARYLAND VOLUNTEERS, ORGANIZED AT CAM- 
BRIDGE, MD., IN SEPTEMBER, 1861. 

FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. 



NAME AND RANK. 



James Wallace Col. 

John R. Keene Col. 

Francis P. Phelps, Jr Surg. 

Granville B. LeCompte ....Surg. 
Anthony Manning. .. .Asst. Surg. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Aug. 16, '61 
Oct. 31, '61. 
Sept. 19, 61 
Nov. I, '61. 
April I, '63 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Dec. 23, '63 

Feb. 23, '65 

Nov. 24, '62 

Dec. 23, '64 

Dec. 23, '64 



COMPANY A. 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



NAME AND RANK. 



John C. Henry Capt. 

Thos. H. Coburn ist Lieut. 

Clement T. Mowbray. ..2d Lieut. 



DAl'E OF MUSTER. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Oct. 3, '€1.. 
Sept. 19, '61 
Oct. 3, '61... 



Oct. 23, '62 
Aug. 16, '6 
Aug. 16, '6 



Discharged. 
Discharged. 
Discharged. 



ENLISTED MEN. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Airey, Andrew Pri v 

Anthony, Jno. H Priv. 

Alexander, Wm. I Priv. 

Applegarth, George W Priv. 

Armstrong, Wm Priv. 




Sept. 19, '61 

Sept. 19, '61 

Sept. 19, '61 

Sept. 19, '61 

Sept. 19, '64 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Aug. 16, 

Aug. 16, 

Aug. 16, 

Aug. 16, 

June 15, 



'62 

'62 
'62 
'62 
'65 



REMARKS. 



Transferred Co. D, 
nth Md. Inf, 



APPENDIX 
Enlisted Men — Continued. 



447 



NAME AND RANK. 



Atkins, Levin Pr: 

Bamberger, Joseph H Pr 

Bell, Levin Pr 

Bennett, Hugh C Pr 

Blades, Chas. R Pr 

Blades, Chas. S Pr 

Botham, Levin W Pr 

Bradshaw, William E. S...Pr 

Bromwell, Wm Pr 

Burk, Jas. M Pr 

Cannon, Jas. E Pr 

Cantwell, Jos. H Pr 

Chance, Robt. A Pr 

Conaway, Robert A Pr 

Cook, Aaron G Pr 

Cook, Babylon A Pr 

Cooper, Jas. H Pr 

Cornwall, John S Pr 

Cummings, Chas. W. P Pr 

Cummings, John W. K Pr 

Dail, George W Pr 

Dail, Levin A Pr 

Dail, Levin W Pr 

Dail, Thos. J Pr 

Danielly, Henry E Pr 

Davis, Geo. M Pr 

Edgell, Levi S Pr 

Elliott, Geo. W Pr 

Fairbanks, Joshua M Pr 

Ford, Gustavas L Pr 

Ford, John T Pr 

(ieoghegon, Philemon Pr 

Haddaway, Dan'I Pr 

Haddaway, John S Pr 

Haddaway, Wm. H Pr 

Harris, William J Pr 

Hayman, James Pr 

Henrettie, Patrick Pr 

Hodson, Jos. H Pr 

Holland, Robt. B Pr 

Horseman, Jenkins Pr 

Howard, Geo. E Pr 

Johnson, Edw. K Pr 

Jones, William Pr 

Keiser, John L Pr 

Kirby, WaUer M Pr 

Lednum, Dallas Pr 

Lewis, Noah F Pr 

Marshall, Robt. S Pr 

Merrick, Algernon Pr 

Merrick, Lewis W Pr 



DATE r.v MUSTER. 



Oct. 12, '6i.. 
Sept. ig, '6i. 
Sept. 21, '6i. 
Sept. ig, '6i. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. ig, *6i. 
Oct. 3, '61... 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Oct. 3, '61.. 
Nov. 16 '61. 
Sept. ig, '61 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. 19, '61., 
Sept. 19, '61., 
Oct. 2, '61.. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. 21, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. 19, '61. 
Oct. 3, '61.. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. 27, '61. 
Sept. 19, '61 
Oct. 2, '61... 
Oct. 3, '61.. 
Oct. 2, '61... 
Oct. 3, '61... 
July 22, '62. 
Oct. 2, '61... 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
March 7, '62 
Sept. ig '6i. 
Aug. I, '62. 
Oct. 14, '61.. 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Sept. ig, '61. 

Sept. 21, '61., 
Sept. ig, '61. 
Oct. 3, '61... 
Oct. 3, '61... 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Oct. ig, '62. 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62. 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Dec. 30, '62 
Aug. 16, '62. 
Aug. 16, '62 
Aug. 16, '62 
Aug. 16, '62 
Aug. 16, '62 
Aug. :6, '62 
Aug. 16, '62 
Aug. 16, '62 
Oct. ig, '62. 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 

Aug. 16, '62 



REMARKS. 



Deserted Aug. 1, '62. 
Deserted Aug. 1 '62. 



Transferred Regt. 
Band. 



448 



APPENDIX 

Enlisted Men — Continued. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Miller, John H Pnv. 

Moore, John Priv. 

Mowbray, Jno. M Priv. 

Mowbray, Orville T Priv. 

Newton, Wilbur F Priv. 

North, Chas. E Priv. 

Paul, James H Priv. 

Paul, John I Priv. 

Paul, Leoni Priv. 

Phillips, Jas. R Priv. 

Richards, John H. O Priv. 

Robinson, Josiah F Priv. 

Robinson, Wm. T ist Sergt. 

Ross, Henry R Priv. 

Simms, Robert L Priv. 

Shehee, John H Priv. 

Shorter, Hayland Priv. 

Shorter, John Priv. 

Shorter, Wm. T Priv. 

Smith, Jas. M Priv. 

Smith, Hooper Priv. 

Smith, Joseph Priv. 

Snow, Thomas W Priv. 

Spedden, Martin L Priv. 

Spedden, Wrightson Priv. 

Stevens, Thos. W. A Priv. 

Stewart, Chas. E Priv. 

Straughn, Jas. W Priv. 

Sweed, Wm. B Priv. 

Sylvester, Isaac H Priv. 

Tarr, Wm. H Priv. 

Thomas, Chas. H Priv. 

Thomas, John Priv. 

Todd, William M Priv. 

Townsend, Wm. J Priv. 

Tucker, Thos. T Priv. 

Warren, Jos. W Priv. 

Way, Chas. H Priv. 

West, Geo. W Priv. 

Wherrett, Thos. H Priv. 

Winterbottom, Harrison T. Priv. 
Woodrow, Wm. E Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 2, 

Sept. 27, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. ig, 
Sept. ig, 
Sept. 27, 
Oct. 14, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 30, 
Sept. 21, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Oct. 2, ' 
Sept. ig, 
Oct. 28, 
Oct. 21, 
Oct. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 30, 
Sept. 30, 
Sept. 19, 
Jan II, ' 
Sept. ig, 
O^t. 3, ' 
Oct. 28, 
Sept. 19, 
Sept. 19. 
Nov. 22, 
Sept. 19, 
Oct. 12, 
Oct. 3, ' 
Sept. 28, 
Oct. 22, 
Sept. 27, 
Sept. IP, 
Sept. ig, 
Sept. 19, 



'61.. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

•61. 

'61.. 

'61. 

61.. 

'61. 

•61. 

'61. 
61... 
, '61. 

'61. 
'61.. 

'61.. 
'61.. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 

'61. 
62... 

'61. 
61... 
'61.. 

'61. 

'61.. 

•64. 

'61. 
'61.. 
61 .. 

'61. 
'61.. 

•61. 

'61. 
. '61. 
, '61. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Oct. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 



Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 



Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 



Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 
Aug. 



'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

64. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 
64... 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 

'62. 
•'62. 



Transf. N. C. Staff. 



See Roster Co. B. 



Deserted Aug. i, '(>2, 



Died Mar. 28, '62. 



No further record. 
A. G. O. War Dept. 



APPENDIX 



449 



COMPANY B. 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



NAME AND RANK. 



John E. Graham Capt. 

William T. Robinson, .ist Lieut. 

Geo. B. Hart ist Lieut. 

John W. Conner 2d Lieut. 

Wm. J. Robinson 2d Lieut. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 4, '61.. 
Sept. 19, '61 

Sept. 20, '61 
April 18, '62 
Oct. 4, '61.. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Oct. 4. '64.. 
Oct. 4, '64.. 

April 10, '6z 
Oct. 4, '64.. 
April 10, '6. 



Ent'd as Sergt., 
promoted to TSt 

Lieut. 
Resigned. 

Resigned. 



ENLISTED MEN. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Adams, Jas. R. W Corp. 

Andrews, Isaac T Priv. 

Andrews, Robert Priv. 

Ash, Henry Priv. 

Andrews, Francis E Priv. 

Andrews, Samuel Priv. 

Bell, Gustavas Priv. 

Bramble, Goodman Priv. 

Bramble, Levi T Priv. 

Cannon, Clement C. ..1st Sergt. 

Christopher, Rob' rt R Sergt. 

Cooper, Henry H Corp. 

Cannon, Valentine Priv. 

Cusick, James S Priv. 

Cannon, Aarcn Priv. 

Baton, Noah Priv. 

Dean, George \V Priv. 

Denny, Jacob Priv. 

Denny, Wm. A Priv. 

Dean, William Priv. 

Elliot, John W Priv. 

Fish, Francis M Mus. 

Fisher, John Priv. 

Fisher, George Priv. 

Fooks, Nehemiah Priv. 

Hay ward, Asbury S Sergt. 

Harvey, William >^orp. 

Hardiean, David Corp. 

Hayman, Jas. II Corp. 



29 



DATE OF MUSTER, 



Sept. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Nov. 



20, '61. 
I, '61.. 
12, '61 . 
20, '61. 
S, '61... 

5, '61... 
20, '61. 
20, '61. 
20, '61. 
20, '61. 
29, '61. 
20, '61 . 
?g, '61 . 
20, '61. 
29, '61. 

4, '61... 
29, '61. 
29, '61. 
29, '6i. 

6, '61... 
20, '61. 
14, '62. 



Sept. 20, '61. 

Sept. 29, '61. 

Aug. 13, '62. 

Sept. 20, '61. 

Sept. 20, '61. 

Sept. 20, '61. 



Oct. 4, '64... 
Oct. 4, '64... 
June 15, '65. 

Oct. 4, '64... 
Oct. 4, '64... 
Oct. 4, '64... 
Aug. 13, '62 ! June 15, '65. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4, 



Oct. 4, '64. 



Oct. 4. 

Oct. 4, 

Oct. 4, 

Oct. 4, 

Oct. 4, 

Oct. 4. 

Oct. 4, 

Oct. 4, 



Sept. 5, '63. 



Oct. 4. 
Oct. 4, 
June 27, 
June IS, 



■64.. 
'64.. 

'62. 

'65. 



REMARKS. 



Died. 

Wounded in action. 
Deserted. 



Deserted 
Died. 

Died May 4, '64. 



Transferred Co. D, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. D, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. D, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Wounded in action. 



450 



APPENDIX 



Enlisted Men— Continued. 



NAME AND RANK. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Ifayman, Jos. J Priv. 

Hobbs, Perry H Priv. 

Ingersol, Geo. E Priv. 

Insley, John E Priv. 

Insley, Marcellus H Priv, 

Insley, Levin T Priv, 

Insley, John H Priv, 

Insley, James M Priv. 

Jones, Jas. W Priv. 

Johnson, Benj Priv. 

Jones, VVm. P Sergt. 

Jones, Alfred R Priv. 

Jones, George H Priv. 

Jones, Sol. W Priv. 

Johnson, John T Priv. 

Johnson, Richard M Priv. 

Kenner, Geo. D Priv. 

Kirwin, Andrew W Priv. 

Langrell, Henry W Priv. 

Langrell, Job Priv. 

Mills, Joseph A Sergt. 

Mills, James E Corp. 

Mills, John R Priv. 

Mills, Robert R Priv. 

Moore, Oliver S Priv. 

Murphy, Edward Priv. 

Merideth, Amos Priv. 

Murphy, Isaac Priv. 

Moore, Dennis D Priv. 

Plummer, Varden R Mus. 

Pritchett, Edward Priv. 

Pritchett, William T Priv. 

Pritchett, Henry C Priv. 

Pritchett, Edward W Priv. 

Penn, George, W Priv. 

Robinson, W'm. H Sergrt. 

Roberts, John T Priv. 

Riggin, Henry I Priv. 

Robinson, John Priv. 

Ruark, Major T Priv. 

Robinson, James K. P Priv. 

Ruark, Wm. T Priv. 

Ross, Levin W Priv. 

Ruark, Henry E Priv. 

Robinson, Jos. B Priv.l 



Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Aug. 
Sept 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
^ept. 
Sept. 
Dec. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Aug. 

Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
Sept. 



13, '62. 

13. '62. 

26, '62. 
ly, '62. 

27, '62. 
. 20, '61.. 

20, '61. 
20, '61 . 
20, '61. 
20, '61. 
20, '6i. 
20, '6i. 
20, '61 . , 
20, '61. 
20, '61., 
29, '61.. 
20, '61 . . 
2g, '61., 
20, '61.. 
29, '61.. 
20, '61.. 
20, '61 . . 
20, '61 . . 
29, '61 . . 
29, '61.. 
20, '61.. 
20, '61 . . 
20, '61 . . 
20, '61.. 
5, '62... 



31, '61. 

31, '61. 

20, '61 . 

20, '61. 

20, '61 . 

20, '61. 
3, '61... 

13. '62. 

20, '61. 

20, 61 . 

20 '61. 

20, '6i. 

20, '61. 

29, '61. 

18, '62. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



June 15, '65. 
June IS, '65. 
May IS, '65.. 



Nov. I, '64. 
Oct. 4, '64.. 
Oct. 4, '64.. 
Oct. 4, '64.. 



Oct. 4, '64. 

Oct. 4, '64. 

Oct. 4, '64. 

Oct. 4, '64. 

Oct. 4, '64. 

Oct. 4, '64. 

Oct. 4, '64. 



Oct. 4, '64. 
Oct. 4, '64. 



Oct. 4, '64. 



Oct. 4, '64. 
Oct. 4, '64. 
Oct. 4, '64. 



June IS, '65. 



Oct. 4, '64. 
Oct. 4, "64. 



Oct. 4, '64.. 
Oct. 4, '64. . 
June IS, '65. 

Oct. 4, '64. . 

Oct. 4, '64.. 

Oct. 4, '64. . 

Oct. 4, '64.. 

Oct. 4, '64.. 

Oct. 4, '64.. 
June IS, '6s. 



Transferred Co. D, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. E, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. D, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. D. 

nth Md. Inf. 



Died. 
Died. 
Killed in action. 



Deserted July 2, '63. 
Deserted. 



Died. 

Deserted July 2, '63. 



Deserted. 
Transferred Co. D, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Killed in action. 
Died. 



Deserted. 



Transferred Co. D, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Regt. 
Band. 



APPENDIX 



451 



Enlisted Men — Continued. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Stewart, Wm. T Corp. 

Stephens, George ....Teamster. 

Smith, VVm. H Priv. 

Stewart, Thos. J Priv. 

Sinclair, Chas. F Priv. 

Tall, Joseph A Priv. 

Todd, Levin Priv. 

Taylor, Samuel Priv. 

Truitt, Robert Priv. 

Todd, Henry W Priv. 

Todd, Jacob W Priv. 

Todd, Albert Priv. 

Willey, George W Corp. 

VV'illey, Henry T Priv. 

Willey, Robert W Priv. 

Woodland, John H Priv. 

Willey, Solomon Priv. 

Woodland, Solomon W Priv. 

Willey, Henry Priv. 

Willey, Peter Priv. 

Willey, Goodman Priv. 

Wonderley, John Priv. 

Willey, Uriah A Priv. 

Wingate, Gilbert B Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, '61. 

May 10, '6j. 

Sept. 20, '61. 

Aug. 27, '62. 

Sept. 29, '61. 

Sept. 29, '61. 

Sept. 29, '61. 

Aug. 30, '62. 



Sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 

sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61,. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept 20, '61.. 

Sept 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 

Sept. 20, '61.. 
Oct. II, '6t... 
Oct. I, '61.... 

Aug. 27, '62.. 

Sept. 20, '61 . . 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



July 17, '65. 



Mar. 8, '65. 



Oct. 4, '64... 
June 15, '65. 
Oct. 4, '64... 
Oct. 4, '64... 
Oct. 4, '64... 
June 15, '65.. 



Oct. 4. 
Oct. 4, 



Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 



Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4. 
Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4, 
Oct. 4. 



REMARKS. 



Vet. Transferred Co. 

D, nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. E, 

nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. E, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Deserted. 



Died, Nov. 8, '63. 



Deserted, June 27, '63. 
Deserted. 



COMPANY C. 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



NAME AND RANK. 



John R. Keene Capt. 

John E. Rastall Capt. 

Willam R. Tall ist Lieut. 

Wm. A. Bailey ist Lieut. 

Wm. H. Willis 2d Lieut. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Sept. 21, '61 
Sept. I, '61. 
Oct. 31, '61. 

Sept. I, '61. 



DATE OP DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Feb. 23, '65 

Oct. 31, '64 
Oct. 16, '63 
Oct. 31, '64 

Nov. 2, '64. 



REMARKS. 



See Roster, Field 
and Staff. 

Out of service. 
Ent'd as 2d Lieut. 

promoted ist 

Lieut. Dec. 8, '63. 
Ent'd as Priv., 

promoted Sergt. 

2d Lieut. Jan. 

14. '64. 



452 



APPENDIX 
ENLISTED MEN. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Arnold, Samuel A Priv. 

Abbott, Wm. W Priv. 

Adams, Levin Priv. 

Bennet, Jas. H Sergt. 

Bennett, Henry R Priv. 

Brohawn, Wm. E Priv. 

Burton, William Priy. 

Benny, Francis T Priv. 

Bailey, John R Mus. 

Busick, Jas. S. R Priv. 

Brannock, Jas. B Priv. 

Braerwood, Mace Priv. 

Bailey, Oliver A Priv. 

Booth, Thos. R Priv. 

Bell, William Priv. 

Bailey, Wm. C Priv. 

Collison, Wm. J Priv. 

Covington, Isaac N Priv. 

Craig, Thos Priv. 

Creighton, Wm. H., of W.Priv. 
Calender, Henry Priv. 



Collins, Benj. T Priv. Oct. 31, '61 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, '61. 



Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 

Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Mar. 

Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Nov. 

Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 



31, '61. 
31, '61. 
31, '61. 



31. '6i». 
31, '61.. 
31, '61.. 
31, '61.. 
19, '64.. 



31, '61.. 
31, '61.. 
31. '61.. 
23, '62. 



31, '61... 

31, '61... 

31, '61... 

31, '61... 

4, '62... 



31, '61. 
31, '61. 
I, '64.. 



Calander, William J Priv. 

Corkran, John J Priv. 

Creighton, Wm. H Priv. 

Campbell, James Priv. 

Craig, William F Priv. 

Christopher, S. A Sergt. 

Cooper, Samuel J Corp. 

Dunnock, Levin T Priv. 

Ellis, William G Priv. 

Freeland, John T Priv. 

Frazier, William Priv. 

Gray, James T Priv. 

Hayward, Jos. W Priv. 

Howeth, Henry C Priv. 



Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 

Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 

Sept. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 



31, '61. 

31, '61. 

31, '61. 

31, '61. 

31, '61. 

31, '61. 

311 '61 ■ 

31, '61. 

31, '61. 



28, '61. 
31, '61.. 
31, '61. ■ 
31. '61.. 
31. '61.. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



July 17. 
July 17, 
July 17, 
July 17. 

July 17, 

June IS, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Mar. 24, 

Mar. 3, 
June 6, 
April 8, 
Oct. 31, 
June IS, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
June IS, 



'65. 

'64. 
'64. 
'64. 
'65. 

'62.. 
'62. 
'63. 
'64. 
'65. 



Nov. 27, '64. 



Oct. 31, '64. 



July 17, '65. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
July 17. 



'64. 
'64. 
'64. 
'65.. 



Oct. 31, '64. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Dec. 8, 



•64. 
'64. 
•64.. 



REMARKS. 



Killed in action. 

Gettysburg, Pa., 

July 18, '63. 
Deserted. 
Deserted. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Transfered Co. F, 

nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. E, 
nth Md. mf. 



Transferred Co. E, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Tnf. 
Transferred Co. I, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Died, June 15, '64 

Died, Oct. IS, '62. 
Deserted. 

Vet. Transferred Co. 
E, nth Md. Inf. 



Vet. Transfered Co. 
E, nth Md. Inf. 



Died. 



Transferred Co I. 



APPENDIX 



453 



Enlisted Men— Continued. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Hobbs, Elijah B Priv. 

Hurley, Wm. C Priv. 

Hopkins, John W Priv. 

Harris, George Priv. 

Hurley, James Priv. 

Hill, Thomas Priv. 

Harrington, Wm Priv. 

Harper, Joseph Priv. 

Harrington, Rich. S Priv. 

Hooper, John W Corp. 

Hill, William J Priv. 

Horner, George W Priv. 

Jones, Jeremiah Corp. 

Johnson, Horace F Priv. 

Kinney, Oliver J Priv. 

Kinnamon, Wm Priv. 

Kemble, Tabert B Priv. 

Kinney, John T Priv. 

Laramore, John R Priv. 

Lambdin, Daniel B Sergt. 

Lambdin, Thomas R Priv. 

Lambdin, Jos. E Priv. 

Laporte, Charles St. John. Priv. 
Maguire, John W Priv. 

McMullin, Wm Priv. 

Meekins, Henry C Priv. 

Magraw, Josiah Priv. 

Moffatt, G. Stanley Priv. 

Moore, Thomas Priv. 

Moore, James W Priv. 

Meekins, John R Priv. 

McCotter, Wm. H Priv. 

Moore, Hiram W Priv. 

Moore, John J Priv. 

Medford, Seldon P Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Sept. 30, '64. 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 



Oct. 31, '61.. 
July 6, '61.. 
Oct. 31, '61. 
Oct. 31, '61. 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, *6i. 

July 22, '61. 



Oct. 31, '61. 
Oct. 31, '61. 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Aug. 8, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Nov. 3, 62. 

Oct. 3, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Aug. 6, '61. 



Oct. 3:, '61.. 

Nov. 16, '62. 

Oct. 31, '61.. 

Oct. 31, '61.. 

Oct. 31, '61.. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. I, '64... 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



June 15, '65. 



July 17, 
July 17, 
July 17. 



Nov. 28, '64. 



Mar. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
July 17, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 



'63. 
'64.. 
'64.. 
'6s... 



Oct. 31, 
June IS, 



June IS, '65. 



Nov. 21 
July 17, 



, '6i. 
'6s... 



June IS, '65. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
June IS, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 



'64. 
'64. 
'64. 
'64. 
'65. 

'64. 
'64. 



Transferred Co. F, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Died. 
Died. 
Deserted. 
Deserted. 
Deserted. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, iithMd. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

F, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Woun'd in act., July, 
63, Gettysburg, Pa., 
transf. V. R. C. 



Vet. Transferred Co. 
F, 2d Md. Inf. 

On War Dept. 

Roll as Talbert 

B. Kimble. 
Deserted. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

F, nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. E, 

iithMd. Inf. 
Transferred Co. F, 

IithMd. Inf. 

Vet. Transferred Co. 

F, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

F, IithMd. Inf. 
Transferred Co. F, 

nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Died. 
Died. 



454 



APPENDIX 



Enlisted Men — Continued. 



NAME AND RANK. 



Madkin, Levin L Priv. 

Parker, John H. S Corp. 

Perdue, John J. B Priv. 

Richardson, VVm. C Corp. 

Richardson, Oliver S Corp. 

Rawleigh, Rouert W Priv. 

Richardson, Luke Priv. 

Richardson, Ldvvin J Priv. 

Richardson, Henry K. VV..Priv. 

Richardson, Robert P Priv. 

Richey, William Priv. 

Simmonds, Edward Priv. 

Shenton, John Priv. 

Slocum, Robert H Priv. 

Smiin, James H Sergt. 

Shenton, William Priv. 

Shenton, Robert Priv. 

Short, Samuel Priv. 

Stapleford, Samuel Priv. 

Tolley, Jeremiah Priv. 

Thomson, Samuel T Corp. 

Tall, Samuel N Priv. 

Thomas, Thomas Priv. 

Toiley, Samuel H Priv. 

Turner, John Priv. 

Vailliant. John Priv. 

Vincent, Noah Priv. 

Vickers, Charles Priv. 

Woolford, Thos. J Priv. 

Willey, John T Priv. 

Williams, Thos. J Priv. 

Waller, Manson J Priv. 

Wright, Thos. J Priv. 

Wells, David Priv. 

Whitby, Edw'd L Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Sept. 29, 



Oct. 31, '61. 



Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31. 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. :s, 

Sept. 21, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 



Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

•-'Ct. 31, 

t»ct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 31, 



Oct. 31, '61. 



May 26, '64. 



DATE OF DIS- 



Oct. 31, 
June 15, 



Oct. 31, '64. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
June IS, 



June 15, '65. 



July 17, 
July 17, 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 



Nov. II, 

July 25, 



'64. 
'65.. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 



July 17. 

JMar. 3, 



June 6, 
July 17, 

Ju'y 17. 

July 17, 



'62. 
'65.. 



REMARKS. 



Deserted. 

Transferred Co. F, 

iithMd. Inf. 
See Roster N. C. 

Staff. 



Transferred Co. E. 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. E. 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. E, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, iithMd. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 



Died. 

Transferred Co. I. 

Died. 

Vet. Transferred Co. 

E. nth Md. Inf. 
Died, Aug. 27, '63 

On War Dept. 

Rolls as Sam'l J. 



Deserted. 
Deserted. 

Vet. Transferred Co. 
E, nth Md. Inf. 

Died. 

Deserted. 

Deserted. 

Vet. Transferred Co. 

E. nth Md. It f. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md. Inf. 
Vet. Transferred Co. 

E, nth Md.Inf. 
Deserted, May 27, '64. 



APPENDIX 
Enlisted Men — Continued. 



455 



NAME AND RANK. 



Woolford, Joseph Priv. 

Webb, James F Priv. 

White, Ebenez-T Priv 

White, Levin J Priv. 

Wallace, J. Robert Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 
Sept. 29, 62. 

Sept. 29, 62. 

Oct. 31, '61. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Sept. 21, '64. 



Oct. 31, '64. 
June 15, '65. 



June 15, '65. 



REMARKS. 



Wounded in action, 
July, '63, Gettysburg 
Pa., transferred 
to V. R. C. 

Transferred Co. E, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred Co. E, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Died. 



COMPANY G. 

In Company "G," recruited in Caroline County, at Federalsburg, a number of men 
enlisted from Dorchester County. Their names are here given. This symbol (*) indicates 
recruits enlisted from Caroline County. 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



NAME AND RANK. 



•William H. Watkins Capt. 

*L. Shanley Davis ist Lieut. 

T. E. Mobrav 2d Lieut. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, '61 
Oct. 31, '61 
Oct. 31, '61 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Dec. 23, '6s 
Dec. 23, '65 
Dec. 23, '65 



REMARKS. 



ENLISTED MEN. 



NAME AND RANK. 


Daniel W^. Moore 


ist Sergt. 


*Joseph T. Kenney... 


.2d Sergt. 


Alcaid N. Flowers... 


..3d Sergt. 


'William W\ Keys.... 


.4th Sergt. 


William G. Wheatley 


.5th Sergt. 


James W. Davis 


Corp. 


"^William H. .Mburger 


Corp. 


Isaac W. Andrew... 


Corp. 


*Levin W. Cohee 


Corp. 


*Charles M. Davis 


Corp. 


*Govey Payne 


Corp. 


Jacob T. Mowbray.. 


Mus. 


John W. Payne 


Mus. 


John H. Stokes 


Teamster. 


* Andrew Zachariah . 


Priv. 


''Andrew, Wm. E 


Priv. 


'Banning, Asbury . . . 


Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 

Oct. 31, '61 



Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 

Oct. 31, '61. 



.July 6, 1S61. 

Oct. 31, '61.. 
Oct. 20, '62.. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



Dec. 23, '65. 
Dec. 2z, '65. 
Dec. 23, 05. 
Dec. 23, '65. 



Dec. 23, '65. 
Dec. 23, '65. 
uec. 23, '65. 
Dec. 23, '65. 



Dec. 23, '65. 
Dec. 23, '65. 



July 17, '65. 



Dec. 23, '64. . 
June IS, '65. 



REMARKS. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



4S6 



APPENDIX 



Enlisted Men — Continued. 



NAME AND KANK. 



•Banning, Wm. H Priv. 

Bending, Alex. E Priv. 

Burke, James T Priv. 

*Cohee, Mitchell H Priv. 

Corkran, Wm. E Priv. 

Carroll, John W Priv. 

Collison, Levin R Priv. 

Charles, Ezekiel A Priv. 

Corkran, Sydnaham Priv. 

Corkran, Wm. J Priv. 

*Collins, James C Priv. 

Camper, Wm. H Priv. 

Davis, Solomon C Priv. 

Dixon, George S Priv. 

Emmerich, John W Priv. 

Flowers, Wesley Priv. 

•I-leetwood, Wm. W Priv. 

Gray, Wm. S Priv. 

Griffith, John S Priv. 

Hirt, WilHam T Priv. 

Hill, Jeremiah Priv. 

Hemmons, Wm. J Priv. 

Hines, James W Priv. 

Insley, Elijah Priv. 

*Jester, John F Priv. 

*Jester, James A Priv. 

* Jester, Mark A Priv. 

Jennings, John J Priv. 

Jones, Charles W Priv. 

Lloyd, Jacob W Priv. 

Lloyd, Edward Priv. 

Lloyd, Thomas F Priv. 

Lowe, WilHam T Priv. 

Lowe, Marvel R Priv. 

Lankford, David E Priv. 

•Lewis, Noah F Priv. 

Malloy, John W Priv. 

Moore, Charles F Priv. 

iUilligan, James Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Oct. 25, '62. 

Oct. 21, '62. 



Oct. I, '62. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 

Oct. 22, 



Oct. 


22, 


•64 


Oct. 


22, 


•64 


Oct. 


31. 


'61 


Oct 


31, 


'61 


Oct. 


31, 


'61 



Oct. 21, 

Oct. 2, ' 
April 4, 



April 4, 
April 4, 
April 4, 

April 4, 

July 6, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 30, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Aug. 18 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 



62. 



63. 



Oct. 31, '61. 
Oct. 31, '61. 
Aug. 20, '64 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



June IS, 
June 15, 



■65.. 
'65. 

June 15, '65.. 
'64.. 



Dec. 



June 15, '65. 



Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 



Dec. 23, '64. 



June 15, '65. 



April 12, 
Dec. 23, 

June 15, 

June IS, 

July 17, ' 

Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 



'65. 
'64.. 



'65. 
'65.. 
6s... 



Dec. 23, 
June 15, 
Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 
July 17, '' 

Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 



'64.. 
'65. 
'64.. 
'64.. 
'64.. 
'64.. 
'64.. 
65... 



Dec. 23, 

May 20, 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. C, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Deserted. 



Deserted. 



Transferred Co. 1 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. ] 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. ] 
nth Md. Inf. 



Died, April 17, '64. 

Transferred Co. F, 

nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Died, June i, '64. 
Transferred Co. F, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Accidentally drowned. 

Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



APPENDIX 
Enlisted Men— Continued. 



457 



NAME AND RANK. 



Milman, Elijah S Priv. 

McCullough, John Priv. 

McColister, Benj Priv. 

Marine, Matthew F Priv. 

Malloy, John W Priv. 

Neal, Cyrus Priv. 

Pattison, John Priv. 

Payne, Wm. J Priv. 

Poundon, Robert Priv. 

Randolph, John W Priv. 

Stokes, George VV Priv. 

Smith, Chariss F Priv. 

Smii.., Levin Priv. 

Smith, Benj. C Priv. 

•Sutherland, John W Priv. 

Thomas, T. H Priv. 

•Trice, John H Priv. 

Truitt, Benjamin Priv. 

TuU, Jonn W Priv. 

Williams, J. H Priv. 

Williams, W. H Priv. 

Williams, Thomas F Priv. 

'White, Henry Priv. 

•Wright, T. N Priv. 

Wright, Samuel J Priv. 

Wheatley, E. H Priv. 

Wheatley, Wm. G Priv. 



DATE OF MUSTER. 



Aug. 23, '61. 



Oct. 31, 
Aug. 23, 
Oct. 17, 

Oct. 31, 
Aug. 8, 
Aug. 8, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 27, 
Oct. 31, 
^ct. 31, 
Oct. 17, 

Oct. 31, 

Oct. 22, 

Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Mar. 30, 



'61.. 
'61. 
'62.. 



'61. 
'61.. 
'61.. 



'61.. 
'62.. 
•61.. 
'61. 
'64.. 



62. 



'61.. 
•61.. 
'61.. 
'64. 



Oct. 17, '62. 



Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 
Oct. 31, 



'61.. 

'61.. 

'61.. 

'61. 



Oct. 10, '62.. 
Oct. 17, '62. 



DATE OF DIS- 
CHARGE. 



July 17, '65. 



Dec. 23, 
July 17, 
June 15, 



•64.. 
65... 
'65. 



June 15, 
July 17, ' 

Dec. 23, 
June IS, 



June IS, 
June IS, 

July 17, 

July 17, 



'6s. 
'6s.. 



June . . . . 
Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 
May 30, 



June IS, '65. 



Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 
Dec. 23, 



June IS, '6s. 
June 15, '65. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. F, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Deserted. 

Transferred Co. G, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. G, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred Co. G, 
nth Md. Inf. 



Transferred Co. G, 

nth Md. Inf. 
Transferred nth Md. 

Inf. 
Died Dec. 24, '63 



Transferred Co. G, 
nth Md. Inf. 

Transferred, nth 
Md. Inf. 



INDEX. 



A. 

Aaron, John, 132. 

Abacoes, 32, 57, 171. 
Accomac County, 281. 
Adams, David, 216. 

Capt. Minos, 100, 252. 

John Q., 149. 

, 146. 

Rt. Rev. Wm. Forbes, 113. 
Addition to Outlet Pasture, 329, 330, 

to Fort Neck, 331. 
Ahatch whoops, 171, 174. 
Aherne, Philip, 44. 
Airey. Henry, 90, 120, 121. 

Thomas Hill, 133, 270. 

Ensign John Pitt, 203. 

Family, 270. 

Rev. Thomas, 270. 

Louisa, 271. 
Aireys, 90. 
Akers, Daniel, 163. 
Alabama, 261. 
Albeck, Philip, 254. 
Alford, John, 43, 59. 
Algonquin Family, 170. 
Altham, John, 21. 
America, 15, 16. :i8, 133, 300. 
American Commissioners, 395. 

Independence, 214. 

Party, 155, 312. 
Amotoughquan, 174. 
Amsterdam, 38. 
Anatchcoin. 37. 
Anderson, Thos. W., 271. 

John, no, 241. 

Curtis, 271. 

Wm. C, 271. 
Anderton, Francis, 173. 
Andrews, Wm., 253. 
Andrew, David, 93, 252. 

Capt. Richard, 213, 219. 
Andros, Governor, 48, 49. 
Anglo-Saxon, 267. 
Annamessick, 243. 

Annapolis, 50, 97, 198, 199, 200, 208, 209. 213, 
217, 218, 221, 247, 251, 255, 274, 294, 303, 304, 
312, 323, 326. 367. 
Anne Arundel, 187. 
Anti-Federalist, 145, 146. 
Antonine, 31, 361. 
Appiegarth, Wm. F., 115. 

Capt. Nathaniel, 252. 253. 
Archives of Maryland, 361. 
Ark of Avalon, 14. 
Armitage, 57. 

Armstrong, Francis, 31, 104. 
Army of the Potomac, 259. 
Arundel, Earl. 16. 



Asbury, Francis, 118. 133, 271. 
Asbury's Journals, 134. 
Ascom's Island, 203. 
Asheby, 294. 

Ashquash, Emperor, 174, 175. 
Assembly of Maryland, 99. 

Delegates, 413. 
Assistant Court Clerks, 440. 
Atlantic Ocean, 36. 
Auld, James, 343. 
Austin, Col. George E., 76. 
Avalon, 14, 19, 33. 



Babcoes, 174. 
Bachelor's Tax, 166. 
Bacon, Anthony, 384. 

Rev. Mr., 173. 
Baggott. Catherine, 55. 
Baker, Julius, 74. 
Baltimore, 74. 75, 83, 85, 86, 88, 90, 114. 

118, 131, 149, 180, 198, 215, 244, 246, 251, 259. 

270, 278, 304, 305, 306, 312, 316, 327, 334, 339. 

3 -I I. 370. 

American, 146. 

Conference, 131, 180. 

County, 278, 338. 
Banks, Richard, 26. 
Bancroft, 18. 
Barbados, 293. 
Balligarane, 117. 
Barber, Rev. Theodore P., 326. 
Barge "Fearnought," 234. 

"Revenge," 234. 

"Terrible," 234. 

" Intrepid," 234. 
"Barn" Island, 234. 
Barnes, Wm., 2!;o. 
Barrett, Louis £., 76. 

James C, 77. 

Capt. Lemuel, 200. 
Barrett's Chapel, 118. 
Barren Creek Springs, 83. 
Baron of Baltimore, 14. 
Barton. William H., 165. 
Bates, Daniel M., 276. 
-Bayley, Josiah, Jr., 67, 68. 

A. Hamilton, 263. 

Josiah. 147, 149- 
Bayne, Rev. Thomas, no. 
Beaver Dam Range, 331. 
Beck, Sarah, 98. 
Beckwith. Henry. 45. 

Nehemiah, 234. 

Elizabeth, 365. 

Wm. P., 257. 
Bell, John, 249. 



460 



INDEX 



Belvoir, 330. 

Bennett, Frederick, 147, 148. 

Richard, 26, 27. 
Bentley, Richard, 31. 
Berkley, Governor. 26. 
Berlin, 298. 

Bethel African M. E. Church, 180. 
Billings, James, 94, 241. 
Bingley, C. V., yy. 
Bird, Solomon, 216. 
Birkhead, James, 326. 
Bishop of London, 109. 
Bishop's Head, 106. 
Blackwater River, 105, 142. 
Blenheim, 65. 
Bloodsworth Island, 106. 
Board of Commissioners, 26. 
Boehm, Rev. Henry, 134. 
Boehm's Reminiscences, 134. 
Bonner, William, 92. 
Boone (Whig), 153. 
Border States, 306. 
Bosley, Nicholas Merryman, 328. 
Boston Port Bill, 198. 

Bourk, Capt. Thos., 203, 206, 209, 210, 214. 
Bowdle, Wm. H., 76, ^^. 

Dr. Wm. J., 278. 
Bowman, Thomas, 44. 
Bozman's History, 367. 
Bradford, Gov., 313. 
Bradley, Henry, 42, 44. 
Bradston, Mary, 55. 
Braly, Col. E. E., 75, 271. 
Brannock, John, 55, 57, 58. 

Edward, 57, 59. 

Thomas, 365. 
Bray, Dr., 51. 
Breckenridge, 156. 
Brent, Giles, 24. 
Bridewell, 57. 
Bridgeworth, 95. 
Briely. Lieut. Samuel, Jr., 252. 
Bristol, 60. 
British, 251, 344. 
Brook, John, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49. 54. 55. 5°. 

59, 60. 
Brooke Family, 272, 273, 274. 

Dr. John, 320. 

Robert, 26. 
Brooks' Creek, 38, 39, 60. 
Brookview, 93, 94. 
Brown, Samuel, 147, 332. 

Thomas, no. 

Mathew, 199. 

Benj. J., 180. 
Brotten, Wm., 216. 
Bryan, Dr. James L., 87, in, 256, 306. 

" Wm. H., 328. 
Brown, 93. 
Buchanan, 155. 

James, 392. 
Buckingham. Duke of, 13. 
Bucktown, 90. 
Burke County, 293. 
Burr, Aaron, 146. 
Bunker's Hill, 91, 92. 
Burton, Rev. T., 76. 
Bush, Celia, 92. 
Busick, James, 112, 113. 
Butler, Toshua, 216. 
Byrn, W. Wilson, 72. 
Byus, Capt. Joseph, 203. 



C. 

Cabin Creek, 175. 
Caile, Hall, 293. 

John, 167, 168, 293. 
Callahan, 76. 

Callenhaugh, Richard, 43. 
California, 158. 
Calvert, Annie, 14. 

Cecilius, 13, 16, 19, 33. 

Elizabeth, 14. 

Dorothy, 14. 

Francis, 14. 

Grace, 14. 

George, 13, 14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 

^ 31. 45- 

Leonard, 13, 14, 19. 

Henry, 14. 

John, 14. 

Charles, 33, 35, 270. 

Militia, 321. 

County, 104, 160, 272, 320, 323, 335. 
Cambridge, 40, 41, 53, 54. 57. 60, 61, 63, 64, 
65, 66, 67, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 78, 83. 87, 90, 
91, loi, 103, 107, 109, 116, 126, 133, 134, 13s, 
137, 141, 142, 143, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 167, 
169, 178, 179, 203, 208, 212, 218, 221, 241, 
248, 250, 251, 258, 262, 263, 267, 270, 294, 
297, 298, 304, 305, 306, 307, 311, 318, 326, 
327. 330. 331. 337- 

Academy, 267. 

Bar, 165, 305. 

Blues, 203, 209. 

Court House, 37, 49. 

Creek, 72. 
Camden, 229. 
Campbell, Walter, 40, 51, 56. 

James, 215. 

Capt. Zacharias, 203, 219. 
Camper, S. E. W., 166. 
Cannon, Daniel, 153. 
Canaday, Cornelius, 112. 
Capohowasick, 97. 
Capitals of Maryland, 29. 
Carman, Robert, 135. 
Carroll, Charles of Carrollton, 275. 

John Lee, 276. 

James, 276. 

Col. Henry James, 276. 

Thomas King, 276, 277. 

Dr. Thomas King, 276, 277, 278. 

Anna Ella, 276, 278. 

Edward C 277. 

Margaret Handy, 277, 278. 

Charles, 169, 198. 

Mrs. Thomas King, 114. 

B. F., 89. 
Caroline County, 35, 107, 143, 144, 209, 213. 

259, 302. 
Caroline St. M. E. Church, 371. 
Carolina, 229. 
Carter, Jeremiah, 256. 
Cary, Matthew, 56. 

Hezekiah, 216. 
Castle Haven, 160, 163. 

Company, 203. 
Casten, Joseph, 44. 
Catawba Ford, 229. 
Catholic Church. 105. 
Catholics, 47, 116, 255. 
Cator, Joseph, 249. 

Levin, 366. 

Robinson W., 380. 
Caton, Thos. B., 75. 
Caulk, Ensign John, 203. 



INDEX 



461 



Causean, John, 69. 
Cecil, Sir Robert, 13. 
Cecil County, 99, 301. 
Chaplain, W. B., 152. 
^ J. B., 153. 
Chalmers, John, 218, 219. 
Chaplin, Wm., 31. 
Chapel of Ease, 79, 80, 108. 
Chambers, Colonel, 353. 
Chamberlain, General, 210. 
Charleston, 180. 
Charles I., 15, 341. 
Chase, Samuel, 199. 

Dr. Thomas, 326. 
Chandler, Job, 26. 
Chantilly, 99. 
Cheeseman, William, 44. 
Chew, Dr. Samuel, 279. 
Cheeke, Edward, 44. 
Chesapeake, 19, 26, 31, 97, 104, 115, 161, 163, 

175, 231, 247, 264, 303, 340. 
Chicago, 326. 

Chickawan Creek, 173, 174. 
Chicanocomico, 141, 159, 319, 320. 
Choptank Lodge of Red Men, 75. 
Chviptank, 31, 33, 34, 35, 39, 60, 63, 88, 174- 

Indians, 67, 172, 173, 177. 

Parish, 79, 81, 107. 

River, 163, 172, 173, 241, 251, 304, 311, 361. 
Christ Prot. Episcopal Church, 137, 270. 
Church Creek, loi, 102, iii, 114, 142, 241, 285. 

of England, 119, 304, 349. 
Church Old Field, 266. 
City Council. 316. 

Civil War, 157, 240, 260, 306, 312, 341, 349. 
Claiborne, William, 23, 24, 26, zy. 
Claiborne's Rebellion, 342. 
Clark, Daniel, 38, 39, 41, 59. 

John, 44, S5- 
Clarke's Outhold, 335. 
Clay, Henry, 150, 152, 315. 

Island, 106. 
Clarkson, Basil, 212, 213. 
Class Distinctions, 185. 
Cleveland, President, 307. 
Clerks of Dorchester County Court, 439 
Assistant Clerks of Dorchester County 

Court, 440. 
Cloras Point, 163. 
Cockburn, Admiral, 247. 
Coincidence, 268. 
Coke, Dr. Thomas, 118. 
Collins, Elisha, 84. 

Samuel, 51. 

Thomas, 44. 
Collector of Internal Revenue, 298. 
Colbourn, John, 216. 
Colonial Militia, 335. 
Colored Race, 178. 
Cold Harbor, 263. 
Colston, Capt. Wm., 252. 

Rosanna, 271. 

Thomas, 142. 
Committee of Observation, 199, 208, 210, 213. 
Commissioners of Plantations, 23. 

of Parliament, 24. 

of Land Office, 439. 
Compton, 389. 

Comptroller of the Treasury, 298, 439. 
Confederate Army, 157, 263, 307, 406. 
Congressman Scott, 67, 68. 
Congressional Cemetery, 317. 
Continental Congress, 146, 206. 

Army, 210, 214, 219, 233, 239, 303. 



Coode, John, 46, 47. 
Cook, Thomas, 273. 

Babington, 273. 

John, 273. 

Anne, 273. 

Henry, 151. 
Cooper, John, 321. 
Copley, Thomas, 21, 48, 49. 

Lionel, 47. 
Cordea, Mark, 361. 
Cornwall, 13. 
Cornwallis, Thomas, 112. 
Corkran, James, 92. 

John, 93. 

Nancy, 93. 

George, 93. 

Joseph, 93. 

Francis P., 93. 
Cornwell, Isaac, 83. 
Corps Recruits, 236. 
Corvel, Peter, 217. 
Cottingham, Thomas, 216. 
Council, 22, 23, 24, 25, 33, 79, 95. 

of Safety, 199, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 
217, 221, 359. 
Councillor Neale, 24. 

Cornwallys, 24. 
County Commissioners or Justices, 418-435. 

Commissioners, 442-443. 

Folklore, 189. 
Court Judges Dorchester County Court, 

440. 
Coward, John, 241. 
Cradock, Thomas, 278. 
Craft, Judge, 83. 

Captain, 252. 
Craig, Mrs. W. Pinkney, 337. 

John Adams, 325. 

Tohn, 147. 

Wm. Pinkney, 325. 

James W., 402. 
Crapo, 10s, 340. 
Crawford, Robert L., 359. 
Creighton, Isaac, 132, 330, 331. 

Samuel, 250. 

Vernon, 286. 

Maria Louise, 286. 

Jeremiah, 250. 

"Mary A., 285. 
Crescentia. 16, 23. 
Crocket, Benton H., 83, 83. 
Cromwell, 26, 27. 

Commissioners, 27. 
Cropper, Edward, 216. 

John, 147. 
Cross Keys, 262. 

Crotcher's Ferry, 93, 94, 163, 267. 
Crow, Gourney» 165. 
Croxall, Alice, 13. 
Cullin, Jacob, 216. 

Thomas, 216. 
Gulp's Hill, 259. 
Cunliflf, Foster & Co., 167. 
Curtis, Rt. Rev. Alfred F., 116. 
Custom House, 82. 
Cut, Wilson Jack, 55. 



D. 



Dail, Wm. B., 1S3. 

John W., 153, 156. 
Daffin, Joseph, 200, 266. 
Dalton, James, 44. 



462 



INDEX 



Dame's Quarter, 338. 
Darnell, Henry, 169. 
'"Darcy," Osbert, 283. 
Davis, Jeff., 262. 
John, 45. 
William, -j^. 
Solomon, 100, 252. 
Benjamin, 216. 
David, 234. 
Davidson, Capt. Hunter, 244. 
Dawson, Capt. Anthony, 40, 42, 44, 45, 47, 
S9, 64. 
John, 44. 
Ralph, 274. 
Daysone, Wm., 45. 
Dean, James A., 80. 

Wm. H., 115. 
Delaware, 35, 36, 63, 72, 88, 94, 116, 276, 

29S, 367, 372. 
Delawares, 171. 
Delaware Bay, 35, 247. 

River, 35. 
Democrat Party, 155, 158. 
Demolished Chapel, 266. 
Demaire, John, 44. 
Dennis, L. P., 150, 151. 

Robert, 142, 147. 
Density of Population, 268. 
Denton, 141. 
Denwood Family, 281. 
Levin, 322. 
Mary, 270. 
Deputy Assistant Commissary, 220. 
deVnlin, Emily J., 380. 
Dickenson, Chas., 40, 166, 169. 
Henry, 141, 142. 
John, 197, 203, 212. 
Colonel, 236. 
Dickinson College, 372, 395. 
Dickens, John, ii8. 
Diocese of Lincoln, 341. 
Disharoom, Levin, 46. 
Dividing Creek, 96. 
Dixon, Lee, 75. 
Doatloan, Esther, 361. 

Dorchester County, 33, 35, 36, zi- 38, 40. 
41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 52, S3, 54, 57, 60, 61, 
63. 72. 79. 82, 84, 88, 89, 90, 93, 95, 97, 98, 
99, 100, 102, 106, 108, 113, 115, 116, 119, 132, 
134. 135. 137, 141. 142, 143. 144. 146. 147. 
154. 157. 159. 160, 162, 164, 165, 166, 167, 
169, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 180, 183, 
184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 194, 197, 199, 
200, 209, 210, 214, 215, 217, 219, 220, 229, 
231, 239, 240, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 
252, 257, 262, 266, 269, 270, 273, 276, 277, 
293, 298, 299, 301, 308, 309, 310, i\y, 320, 
323. 330, 336. 339, 343. 352, 354, 359, 361, 
365. 366, 373. 
Town, loi, 109. 

Parish, loi, 108, 109, no, in, 112, 113. 
Countians, 215. 

Confederate Soldiers, 259, 260, 261. 
Era, 306. 
Rent Rolls, 319. 
Standard, 297, 298. 
Militia, 82, 100. 
Dorrington, Wm., 45, 59, 173. 
Dorsey Family, 282. 
Levin, 82, 284. 
Chas. H., 285. 
John, 28c;. 
John R., 285. 
Edward, 283. 



285. 



Dorsey, James L.. ni, zi 

Saliie Webster, 114. 

Sallie, 285. 

Mary V., 285. 

Frank S., 285. 
Dougherty, Father, 78. 
Douglass, John, 150, 156. 
Dover, 119, 267. 

Ferry, 93. 
Drain, Wm. F., 285. 

Rev. Shepherd, 
Drake, John, 327. 
Drawbridge, 352. 
Dryden, Samuel, 216. 
Dryson, John, 55. 
Dubley, Elakim, 216. 
Duell, James, 44. 
Duke of Athol, 393. 
Dulany, Daniel, 198. 
D'Unger, Dr., 76. 
Dunnock. Job, 115. 
Mathias, 115. 
John A., 115. 



K. 



Earl of Salisbury, 13. 

of Stafford, 15. 
Eastern Shore, 94, 98, 107, 108, 115, 131, 172, 
178, 181, 186, 18S, 189, 214, 216, 232, 240, 
245, 264, 324, 349, 359, 361, 367. 
Indians, 176. 
Treasurer, zio, 211. 
East New Market, 87, 88, 91, 92, 130, 143, 
311- ^ 
High School, 87. 
Easton, n6, 248, 305, 393. 
Eccleston, Captain, 252. 
Dr. John, 287. 
Elizabeth K., 271. 
Family, 286. 
Hugh, 48, 53, 64, 365. 
James, 271. 

John, 147, 200, 211, 274. 
John F., 325. 
J. F., isi. 
J. L H., 151. 
J. R.. 151- 
Milcah Airey, 325. 
Rebecca, 392. 

Thomas F., 152, 253, 270, 271. 
Thomas H., 325. 
Thomas L. H., 149, 150. 
(Whig), 153. 
Washington, 148. 
William, 147, 149. 
Eden, Governor, 198, 204. 

Robert, 40. 
Edmondson, Dr., 88. 
Elizabeth, 270. 
James, 89. 
John, 89. 
Joshua, 61, 81. 
Samuel, 250. 
William, 241. 

William Winder, Sr., 328. 
Egg, James, 44. 
Elbert, Henry C, 150. 
Eldon, 322. 
Elk River, 231. 
Elliott, Lieut. Joseph, 252. 

Capt. Henry, 171. 
Elliott's Island, 106, 142. 



INDKX 



463 



Ellis, Jessie, 216. 

Levi, 216. 
Ellyson, Sheriff, 24. 
Elsing, 285. 

Elzey, Col. Arnold, 262. 
Embury, Philip, 117. 

England, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25. 
34, 41, 64, 66, 68, yZy 96, 108, 112, 118, 144, 
167, 183, 184, 186, 199, 240, 270, 282, 293, 
300, 327, 335, 341, 384. 
English, 174, 175, 176, i86, 189, 198, 301. 
Ennalls, Andrew Skinner, 270. 

Anne, 289. 

Annie Smith, 292. 

Bartholomew, 41, 42, 44, 59, 95, 133, 134, 
160, 203, 288, 325. 

Bartholomew, Jr., 145. 

Camp-ground, 87. 

Chapel, 134. 

Elizabeth, 294. 

Family, 288. 

Family Notes, 291. 

Henry, 50, 61, 133, 134, 135, 254, 255, 323. 

James 85, 204. 

John, 85, 160, 199, 200, 203, 204, 212, 
219, 400. 

Joseph, 147, 148, 150, 203, 212, 266, 273, 
274, 292, 293, 320. 

Joseph, Jr., 219. 

Mary, 274, 292, 293. 

Rebecca, 293. 

Thomas, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, J74, 175, 
197, 200, 203, 270, 293, 322. 

William. 40, 81, 197, 198. joo, 274, 292, 331. 
Episcopal Church, 137, 336, 337. 
Europe, 66. 
Evangeline, 164. 
Evans. Captain, 251. 

John, 208. 

William, 44. 
Ewell, Dr. Daniel, 83. 



F. 



Family History, 269. 
Fallin, Daniel, 219. 

Major, 204, 208, 210. 

Wm., 244. 
Father White, 21-24. 
Falcom, ist Lieut. Burket, 206. 
Federal Army, 157, 306, 307, 313. 

Constitution, 85. 

Gazette, 146. 

Union, 258. 
Federalists, 145, 146, 147. 
Federalsburg, 95, 107, 143, 267, 368. 
Felton, John, 31. 
Fcndal, Governor, 31. 
Ferguson, Ensign Philip, 203. 
Fielding, Catherine, 55. 

James, 44. 
Fillmore, Millard, 15s, 396. 
Finley, Maj. Ebenezer L., 390. 

Rev. Samuel, 301. 
First Baptist Church, 135. 

Eastern Shore Regiment, 259. 

General Assembly, 205. 

Judicial Court, 308. 
Fish, John, 44. 
Fisher, Judge. 367. 
Fishing Bay, 106. 

Creek, 55, 56, 59. 60, 61, 14-'. 1C3, 219, 
283. 



Fitzhugh, Alexander, 115. 
Fleet Street, 16. 
Fletcher, Fred. H., 166. 

Grace, 369. 

Mary, 369. 
Florida, 158. 

Flov/ers, Thos., 37, 45, 54. 
Flying Camp Company, 214, 337, 383. 

Company, 206. 
Foble, A. J., 74. 
Ford, Rev. W. S. B., 75, 136. 
Fork District, 94, 95, 143. 
Fort McHenry, 149, 406. 

Washington, 214. 
Foster, Thomas, 134. 
Fox Creek. 89, 248. 
Foxwell, Mrs., 115. 

Noah, 84. 
France, 16, 64, 393. 
Frazier, James, 85, 234. 

John, 234. 

Solomon, 146, 147, 148, 149. 

Wm., 234. 
Frederick County, 118. 
Fredericksburg, 261. 
Free Soilers, 154. 
French, 176. 

Friends to America, 202. - 
Frigate "Mermaid," 221. 
Fulham Palace, 336. 
Fusley, Andrew, 60. 



Gale, George, 270. 

John, 270. 
Galestown, 94. 

Garrettson, Freeborn, 90, 118, 119, 131, 13^. 
Garrettson's Journal, 119, 134. 
Gary, John, 31. 

Stephen, 31, 33, 39, 41, 42, 45. 
General Assembly, 147, 215, 23i, 316. 
Georgia, 88. 

Traitors, 179. 
Gettysburg, 259, 396, 406. 
Ghosts, 195. 
Gibbs, Robert, 216. 
Gillingham, Mrs. George H., 116. 
Gillman. Prof. Benj., 68. 
Gilmore, Harry, 271. 

Robert, 270. 

Quartermaster Robert, 203. 
Gist, Francis, 331. 

John E., 147. 
Goeghegan, John, 13a. 

Moses, 249, 366. 

Wm., 132, 250, 366. 
Goldsborough, B. J., 150. 

Brice W., 296, 305. 
' B. W., Jr., 298. 

Charles F., 76, 138, 146, 147, 14!?, 149, 
156, 294, 296, 297, 307, 308. 

Gov. Charles, 307. 308. 

Elizabeth (Ennalls), 289, 296. 

Family, 293. 

Hon. John Brice, 294. 

John, 236, 297. 

John, Jr., 40. 

Leah, 295. 

M. Worthington, 295. 

Nicholas, 293. 

Phillips Lee, 77, 296, 297, 298. 

Dr. Richard, 294. 



464 



INDEX 



Goldsborough, Robert, 197, iq8, igg, 200, 
232, 289, 294, 306, 307, 337. 

Sarah T., 296. 

Howes, 147, 337. 

W. T., 152, 154, 168, 297. 

Mrs. Willamina, 138. 
Golden Hill, 105, 115, 116. 
Goose Creek, 171. 
Goutee, Joseph, 169. 
Governor's Council, 312, 435. 
Governors from Dorchester Co., 438. 
Governor of Maryland, 390. 

of Delaware, 127. 
Gray, Ensign James Woolford, 206. 

John S., 84. 

Lieut. James, 218. 
Graham, John E., 256. 
Grant, General, 262. 
Grason, Commodore, 221, 239. 
Graves, Horatio G., 156. 
Great Britain, 247, 309. 

Choptank Hundred, 219. 

Choptank Parish, 71, 109, 254, 255, 
304. 

Choptank River, 87, 89, 108. 
Greenbury, Elizabeth, 294. 

Nicholas, 49. 
Green Hill, 82. 
Greenwell, Marietta, 328. 
Greene, Rev. William Wallace, 11 1. 
Greenway, Robert, 167, 169. 
Grenada, 349. 
Greensborough, 141. 
Grey, Oliver, 44. 
^'Griffith, Edward, 147, 148, 149. 

Hannah, 169. 

John, 163, 202. , 

Joseph, 169.. 

Lewis, 44. '^ 

Robert, 151, 169, 266. 
Griffin, Lewis, 321. 

Samuel, 252. 
Griswold, Elias, 262. 
Groome, 155. 
Grubing Neck, 91. 
Gunby, Isaac, 216. 

Joseph, 216. 
Gunter, Philip, 44. 



H. 

Hackett, Thomas, 89. 
Haefner, Dr. G. A., 90. 
Haile, James, 44. 
Hall, Rev. Samuel D., iii. 
Hambleton, Richard, 274. 
Hambrook, 304, 311. 
Hamilton, Alexander, 146. 
Hampton, Madam, 299. 
Hanaway, Joseph, 321. 
Handy, Edward, 277. 

Isaac Smith, 277. 
Hannough, Susanna, 161. 
Harford County, 99. 

Henry, 164. 
Hares, William, 44. 
Hargissone, George, 44. 
Harrington, Emerson C., 165. 

John, 103. 

Peter, 132, 233. 

Samuel, 152. 
Harper, Francis, 169. 

Joseph, 169. 



I, Harper, Robert Goodloe, 277. 
Harris, Mary, 270. 

Rev. William, iii. 
Harrison, John C., 200. 

ist Major Richard, 203. 

Pres. Benjamin, 371. 

Robert, 40, 197, 199, 212, 219, 266. 
Hardcastle, Mathew, 150. 
Hart, Arthur, 57. 

Robert, 149. 
Harvey, Henry, 44. 
Harwood, John, 160. 

Patrick, 44. 

Robert, 39. 
Harwood's Choice, 39. 
Haskins, Govert, 271. 

Philipp, 51. 

Thomas, 266, 287. 

William, 270. 
Haselwood, William, 43. 
Hatcher's Run, 263. 
Hatton, Thomas, 25. 
<, W. Carey, t6i. 

Hay ward, Charles E., 76. 

Mrs. Mary, 288. 
Plead Range, 366. 
Hearn, Barton, 84. 

William, 84. 
Henderson, Benjamin, 216. 
Henry, Daniel M., 83, 297, 307. 

W. Laird, 77, 166, 308. 

John Campbell, 303. 

Hon. John, 146, 197, 299, 302. 

Gov. John, 197, 299, 309. 

Robert Goldsborough, 307. 

Robert Jenkins, 82. 

Hugh, 147. 

Col. Francis J., 306. 

J. C, 152. 

Col. John, 303. 

Nannie C, 296. 
Hermitage, 219. 
Heron, Elisha, 216. 

Jacob, 216. 
Hersey, John, 371. 
Heyward, Mary Frances, 368. 

Thomas, 368. 

N Hicks, Mrs. Barbara, 117. 
Thomas, 48, 49, 50, 54, 59, 69, 83, 150, 
151, 154. 309, 311- 

Governor, 314, 316, 317, 318. 

Hooper C., 84, 85. 

Levin, 310. 

Col. Denwood, 203. 
Higgins, Capt. Frank, 83. 

James, 166. 

Thomas, 83. 
Hill, Gen. B., 261. 

Henry, 270. 

Richard, 51. 

William, 55, 321. 

Zorobabal, 216. 
Hillsborough, 141. 
Hodson, Capt. John, 50, 54. 

Col. John H., 154, 160. 

Rebecca, 323. 

Col. Thomas, 85. 
Hoffa, Stella McKnight, 356. 
Hogg, George, 37. 
Holland, , 38, 43. 

Michael, 216. 

Richard, 44. 

Wm., 156. 
Holland's Island, 106. 



INDEX 



465 



Holland's Straits, 20S, 230. 

Home Guards, 250. 

Honga River, 31, 60, 61, 105, 106, 203, 344, 

349, 358. 
Hooper, Elizabeth Ann, 331. 

Henry, 33, 41, 47, 48, 49, So, 54. 59, 105, 
133, 145, 176, 179, 199. 200, 203, 204, 210, 
214, 215, 229, 230, 233, 236, 254, 255, 266, 
318, 319, 321, 322, 324, 330, 331. 

William, 88, 271. 

Samuel, 142, 330. 

Dr. William, 238. 

Thomas, 132. 

Dr. William Ennalls, 310. 

Gen. Henry, 203, 292, 310, 327. 

Tames, 249, 323, 328. 

Dr. Jolxn, 326. 

Sarah Ennalls, 271. 

Maj. John, 287, 325, 326. 

Elizabeth E. Scott, 325. 

Jeremiah P., 327. 

Mary E., 327. 

Emily Ann, 328. 

Margaret LeCompte, 328. 

Joseph Henry, 326. 

Family, 332, 333. 
Hooper's Island, 104, 115, 132, 143, 163, 190, 
203, 213, 318, 319, 339. 

Straits, 106, 204, 208, 210, 212, 213, 215, 
217, 251. 

Choice, 319, 320. 

Conclusion, 328, 329. 

Defiance, 324. 

Fortune, 320. 

Lot, 319, 320. 

Pasture, 328. 
Hoopersville, 84. 
Hopkins, John, 75. 

William, 73. 
Hotel Dixon, 271. 
House of Assembly, 22, 23. 

of Burgesses, 272, 321, 382. 

of Delegates, 149, 247, 280, 311. 
Howell, Rev. Thomas, 50, 109, 254, 255. 
Howes, Abraham, 293. 

Margaret, 293. 
Howith, Wm. W., 89. 
Hubbert, Job, 233. 
Hudson, Lieut. Hooper, 200. 

John, 32, 39, 41, 44, 54, 254, 255. 

River, 132. 
"Hue and Cry," 267. 
Hughes' Creek, 63. 
Huguenots, 361. 
Hungar River, 105, 318, 335. 
Hungerford, 105. 
Hunt, Benjamin, 48, 165. 
Hunting Creek, 61, 107, 213, 267. 
Hurlock, 89, 90. 

John M., 89. 

Wm., 165. 
Hurst, John E., 114. 

Hutchins, Charles, 41, 42, 47, 49, 50, 54, 59, 
9S. 

Colonel. 301. 
Hynson, 266. 



Independent Order of Heptasophs, 75. 

of Odd Fellows, 75. 
Indiantown Creek, 84. 
Ingle, Richard, 24, 25. 
Insloe, Andrew, 42. 

30 



Insley, Jacob, 84. 

T. Sangston, 166. 

Capt. Levin, 243. 
Insley's, 105. 
Ireland, 14, 117, 276. 
Iroquois, 177. 
Islington, 38, 60. 
Isle, Emerald, 65. 

of Kent, 342. 



J. 

Jackson, Andrew, 150, 349, 360. 

Ben., 69. 

Daniel, 149. 

Dr., 84. 

Wm., 84, 85. 

Wm., Jr., Surgeon, 252. 

Rachel, Donelson, 358. 

Stonewall, 262. 
James Island, 203, 251, 366. 

Point, 250. 
Jacobs, 88. 

Mrs., 84. 
Jefferson, George W., 76. 

Thomas, 146, 309. 
Jenifer, Daniel, 36, 273. 
Jennings, Humphrey, 37. 
Jesuits, 16. 
Johnson, Albert, 357. _ 

Governor, 216, 221. 

Capt. John, 168. 

Dr. Christopher, 272. 

Elisha, 216. 

Lieut. Charles, 202. 

Littleton, 216. 

Peter, 160. 

Reverdy, 83, 313. 

Thomas, 384. 

Thos., Jr., 199. 

Bradley T., 18. 

Henry, 44. 

Joseph H., 73, 77, 16s, 262. 
John's Point, 39, 160, 400. 
Jolly, Hooper, 84. 
Jones, Colonel, 236, 262. 

Daniel, 44, 45, 59, 62, 64. 

David, 55. 

Eugene, 115. 

Frank H., 261. 

George, 250. 

Henry, 91. 

Mr., 251. 

Roger, no. 

Thomas, 197, 203, ?I2, 219. 

William, 103, ni, i6i, 216. 

Nettie M., 295. 
Joneses, 102. 

Judd, Rev. Jonathan, no. 
Junior Order of American Mechanics, 75. 



Keene, Benjamine, 336, 345. 
Edward, 336. 
Rev. Samuel, no, 337. 
Richard, 335, 336. 
Capt. John, 335, 336. 
Capt., 203. 
Lieut. John, Jr., 202. 

, 105. 

Levin, 152, 154, 330. 
William, no, 337. 



466 



INDEX 



Keene, John. 139. 
Keene, John R., 152. 156. 

Rev. John. no. 

Louis B., 115. 

Mrs. Zoe, 116. 

Benjamin, Jr., 132, 150, 151, 197, 202 

Mathew, 139, 146, 147. 

Sallie, 139. 

Henry:, 149, 151, 203. 

Family, 334, 335. 
Keene's Neck, 335. 

Neglect, 335. 
Keer, E. L., 77. 
Kent County, 93. 

Island, 23, 181, 250, 293, 367. 
Kendal, 270. 

Kentucky, 152, 336, 337. 
Kenerly, 56. 

Kennerly, Capt. Isaac, 84. 
Kerr, John Leeds, 290, 391. 

Josiah L., 257. 

Sophia, 290. 

Josiah, 83. 
Keys, Samuel, 84. 
Kildare, 14. 
Killiheen, 117. 
Kingdom of Ireland, 16. 
King, Elizabeth Barnes, 276. 

John, 55. 

Sir Robert, 299. 

Thomas, 276. 
King Abaco, 37. 

Charles I., 14, 16, 23, 25. 

Henry IV., 16. 

James, 13, 14, 36. 

William, 47, 51. 

William's School, 50, 255. 
Kingston Hall, 276. 
Kipling, 13. 
Kirk, John, 54, 64. 
Kirke, John, 44. 
Kirwan, Ensign John, 202. 

Peter, 339. 

Solomon F., 338, 339. 
Kirwan's Neck, 339. 
Knights of Pythias, 75. 
Knowles, Hester Eleanor, 370. 
Know-Nothings, 154. 



Lafayette, General. 231, 390. 
Laird, Winder, 262. 
Lakes, The, 341. 
Lake, Charles. 306, 351. 

Children of, 351. 
Edward, LL.D., 341. 
Robert, 342. 
Sir Bibye, 342. 
Henry, 344, 345. 

Capt. Henry, 203, 212, 350, 352. 
George, 149, 150, 349. 
William, 351. 

Children of, 351. 
William Washington, 351, 358. 
Levin, 352. 

Children of, 352. 
Wm. Augustus, 352. 

Children of, 353. 
James Bushrod, 353. 

Children of, 353. 
William, 355. 

Children of, 355. 
Richard Pinkney, 355. 358, 359. 

Children of. 356, 357. 



Lake. Capt. Washington, 354. 

Children ot. 354. 

Joseph, 360. 

Children of, 360. 

Sarah Landon, 360. 

Family Characteristics, 349. 
Lakes, 105, loO, 133, 143, 194, 253, 339. 
Lake's District, 338, 344, 345, 354. 
Lakes Villa, 105, 340. 
Land Office, 272. 
Langrall, Capt. James, 244. 
Latimer, Thos. E., 77, 298. 

Thos. E., 166. 
LeCompte, Anthony, 31, 33, 361, 362, 364. 

Moses, 132, 142, 203, 332, 362, 363, 364. 

Philemon, 145. 

Benj. W., 147, 148, 149, 325. 

Thomas, 250. 

James, 250. 

Wm. G., 250, 253. 

John, 364. 

Samuel, 366. 

Nancy, 374. 
Leary, Chas., 85. 
Lee, Anne, 97. 

Richard, 95, 96, 97, 99. 

Launcelet, 95, 99. 

Francis, 96, 98, 99. 

Richard, Jr.. 96. 

William, 96. 

Hancock, 96. 

Elizabeth, 96, 99. 

John, 96, 97. 

Charles, 97. 

Thomas, 98, 99. 238. 

Carbin, 98, 99. 

Governor, 232. 

Gen. R. E., 259, 261. 

Gen. Fitzhugh, 304. 
Leonardtown, 238. 
Lewin, Rev. Myer, in. 
Lexington, 199. 

Lightwood Knot Chappel, 217. 
Lincoln's Inn Fields, 16. 
Limbo Harbour, 161. 

Straits, 106. 
Limerick County, 117. 
Lincoln, Abraham, 156. 313. 316. 
Linkwood, 90. 
Linthicum, Capt. Thomas, 250. 

Z. W., 156. 
Linthicum's Yard, 241. 
Llf>pi)icott's Magazine, 264. 
Little Choptank, 61, loi, 102, 103, 108, 142, 

160, 219, 248, 400. 
Liverpool, 167. 

Livingstone, Miss Catherine, 132. 
Lockerman, Govert, 254, 255, 287. 

Jacob, 43, 49, 50, 31, 65. 

Thos., 331. 
Lockerman's Manor, 92. 
Lock wood. Gen., 259, 396. 
Locofocos, 153. 
Locust Grove, 355. 
Logan, Lieut. Thos., 203. 
London, 14, 20, 26, 161, 254, 294, 336. 
Long Island, 214. 

Point, 328. 
Loomtown, 102, 241. 

Lord Baltimore, 14, 15, 16, 18. 21, 22, 23, 
24, 25, 26, 28, 36, SI. 65, 113. 

Dunmore, 211, 213. 

Germain, 204. 



INDEX 



467 



Lord Ravvdon, 229. 

CornwalHs, 229, 231, 239. 

Proprietary, 170, 174. 
Lowe. Col. Nicholas, 290. 

Col. Vincent, 32, 42. 

John, 7S. 

Enoch, 91, 92, 93. 

William, 92. 

Lieut. Arthur, 93, 250. 
Lloyd, lidward, 304. 

Guards, 406. 

Henry, 308. 
Lloyds, 339. 

Lucas, Michael, 147, 149. 
Lynch, Lieut. John, 206, 252. 

M. 

Mace, Irvin R., 165. 

John, 332. 

Mrs. George, 115. 
Mackeele, John, 44, 49, 54, 59, 168, 215. 

John, Jr., 55. 
Macnichol, Rev. E. C, 78. 
Madison, 103, 146, 241, 248. 
Maguire, Lieut. Hugh, 233. 
IMaid of Oaks, 325. 
Maine, 158. 
Maltby, C. S., 243. 
Manassa, 262. 
Manito, 170, 171. 

Manning, Ensign Nathaniel, 263, 266. 
Marchent, William, 44. 
Mareen, Milison, 367. 
Marain, Zorobable, 368. 
Marine, Charles, 373. 

William M., 85, 87, 369, 371. 

Fletcher Elliott, 83, 370. 

Family, 366. 

James Hargis, 371. 

William John, 372. 
Marshall, Isaac, 216. 

Lindsay C, 77. 
Martin, Daniel, 149. 

George H., 276. 

Hon. Wm. Bond, 391. 

Thomas, 270. 

Rev. James E., 180. 

Rev. A. L., 180. 

Mrs. Emma, 115. 

Rev. Hugh, III. 
Mary. Refuge of Sinners, 116. 
Maryland, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 
26, 27, 33, 34, 35, 41. 46, 48, 49, 52, 54, 57. 
59, 63, 66, 68, 71, 88, 97, 98, 99, 108, 127, 
146, 151, IS3, 154, 157, 158, 163, 164, t66, 
167, 170, 175, 179, 183, 185, 187, 188, 197, 
199, 204, 203, 215, 239, 242, 245, 249, 254, 
259, 262, 267, 272, 276, 280, 295, 302, 30s, 
310, 314, 318, 327, 330, 334, 335, 337. 342. 
352, 354. 356, 359- 

Assembly, 21, 99. 

Gncrtte, 99. 255. 

Historical Society, 20. 

Legislature, 358. 

Volunteers, 258. 
Masons, Cambridge Lodge No. 66, 75. 
Matchcoat, 175. 
Mathews, Maurice, 43. 
May. Henry. 69. 

Thomas, 386. 
Maynadier, Rev. Daniel, 304. 
McComas, Emma, 307. 
McCullum, Rev. Neal, no, 168. 



McDonnel, Daniel, 147. 
McNamara, Clement, 248. v 

H. L., 151, 152. 

Capt. Timothv, 202, 248. 

Gabriel, 248. '^ 

Lieut. John Stewart, 202. 
Children of, 346. 

Capt. William, 346. 
Meekins, Abraham, 169. 

Richard, 42. 

John D., 115. 

Edward, 115. 

John, Jr., 169. 

Mark, 169. 

Neck, 105, 115. 
Medford, Nancy, 92. 

Nathaniel, 92, 93. 

Rebecca. 92. 

Robert, 93, 100, 127. 
Megraw, Godfrey 169. 
Melvin. James, 77. 
Melville, Daniel, 61. 
Memphis, 358, 360. 
Memoriam, 327. 
Merine, Alexander, 367. 

Messhire, William, ■ . 

Methodists, 117, 118, 119, 127. 

Methodist Episcopal Church, 102, 118, 119, 

132. 135, 3"' 

Proiestant Church, 135, 403. 
Mexican War, 256. 
Michie, Armistead, 77. 
Middletown, 133, 331. 
Milbourne, Sevvell T., 165. 
Militia, 237, 238. 
Military Officers, 221, 222, 223, 224, 22s, 226, 

227, 228, 229. 
?Iilitia (drafted), 234. 
Mills, Capt., 252. 

David, 133. 

John G., 77, 166. 

William, 44. 
Millby, William, 234. 
Miller, Rev. Jacob, in. 
Milton, 102. 
Mischew, 48, 49, 58. 
Mister, James E., 334. 
Mississippi Historical Society, 359. 
Mitchell, Col. William O., 165. 

John, 140. 

Mark, 44. 
Mohicans, 177. 
Monaghan, Bishop, 78. 
Moncreiff, Archibald. 331. 
Moon's Influence, 191. 
Moore, Brannock, 83. 

Mary, 84. 
Moore's Chapel, 373. 

(Independent), 153. 
Morgan College, 180. 

Charles, 44. 

Rowland, 44, 60. 
Morgan's Island, 59. ■ 
Morris, Andrew, 167. l-"^ 

Mandline, 167. 

Robert, 166, 167, 169. 

Robert, Jr., 167. 
Morton, Sir Albert, 14. 
Moslcy, James, 43. 
Mount (jalvary Sisters, n4. 

Pleasant, 97, 99. 
Muir, Adam, 241. 

James, 85. 

John, 152. 



468 



INDEX 



Muir, Robert, 330. 
Murket, John, 46. 
Murray, Colonel, 204. 

Dr". William M., 138, 168. 

Francis, 130. 

Honorable Vans, 393. 

John, 138, 147. 

James, 147, 197, 199, 200, 203, 204, 211, 
212, 213, 394. 

Dr. James, 304. 

William, 138. 

William H., 262. 

William Vans, 393. 
Muse, Col. William Sulivane, 290. 

Dr. James, 307. 

Dr. William H., 290. 

Dr. Joseph, 68, 69, 290. 

James, 197. 

Joseph Ennalls, 290. 

2d Major Thomas, 203, 212, 217, 289. 
My Lady Sewell's Manor, 324. 
Mynne, Anne, 13. 

George, 13. 
Myrtle Grove, 307. 



Nadal, Rev. B. H., 317. 

Nansemum, 320. 

Nanticoke, 31, 35, 84, 85, 171, 172, 174, 219. 

Manor, 92, 159, 162, 164. 

River, 38, 61, 79, 82, 93, 94, 95, 98, 99. 
100, 159, 172, 241, 251, 252, 300. 303. 
Nanticokes, 32, 33, 170, 173. 177, 367. 
Nantiquacks, 106. 
Natural Signs, 190. 
Navy, Moses, 249. 

William, 234. 
Neck District, 143. 
Nevett, John Rider, 138, 304. 

Thomas, 64, 138. 
New Amsterdam, 65. 
Newbell, Henry, 44. 
New England, 293. 
Newfoundland, 13, 15. 
New Jersey, yz, 88, 244, 342, 356. 
New Market, 218. 

Academy, 87. 

Blues, 203. 
New Sweden, 35. 
Newton, Edward, 44. 

John, 44, 152. 
Nicholas Maney's Point, 38, 60. 

John, 43. 
Nicholson, Francis, 48, 49, 50. 
Nichols, Benjamin, 266. 

Henry, 266. 

Jasper, 266. 

Dr. H. F., 90. 

Dr. Joseph, 151, 153. 
Noble, F. J., 89. 

Mary, 329. 
Noel, Capt. Edward, 219. 
Nominy, 97. 
Nooner, Thomas, 50. 
Norman's Cove, 248. 
Northampton, 25. 

County, 281. 
North, Hicks, 249. 
Northrop, C. L., 166. 
Northumberland County, 96. 
Nott, Rev. John W., in. 
Nova Scotia, 131, 164. 



Nowell, James, 44, 55. 
Nowels, Margaret, 55. 



O. 

Oath of Fidelity, 345. 

Obder, Captain, 32, 37. 

Ocean City, 86. 

Offey, John, 42. 

Old Burying Grounds, 137. 

Family Homestead, 358. 

Field Church, 266. 
Orphans' Court, 441. 
Otayachgo, 171. 
Outen, Furnell, 216. 
Owen, Richard, 44, 49, 59. 
Oxford, 97, 164, 167, 301. 
Oyster Industry, 73. 



Paca, William, 199. 

Page, Henry, 152, 391. 

Pander, Edward, 44. 

Panquash, 174. 

Papists, 116, 169. 

Paradise, 99. 

Pardue, Stephen, 44. 

Paris; 394. 

Parker, Henry, 216. 

Parlett, Collector B. F., 297, 298. 

Parliament, 26, 31. 

Parnassas Hill, 277. 

Parson's Creek, 103, 143, 248. 

Partridge, Jonathan, 133. 

Pasterfield, William, 253. 

Pattison, Ann, 373, 376. 

Everett K., 380. 

Ex-Governor Robert F., 380. 

Family, 373. 

Genealogy, 375. 

Jacob, 374, 377. 

James, 373, z-;t. 

John R., yy, 165, 380, 381. 

Jeremiah, 374, 377. 

Mary, 377. 

Mary Caroline, 380. 

Robert H., 380. 

R., no, 132, 151. 

Richard, 332. 

Samuel, 380. 

Thomas, 38, 41, 47, 53, 54, 55. 56, 59. 
373. 376. 
Patuxent, zj, 31, 37, 163, 240, 320. 
Payne, 93. 

Pearcy, Ensign Richard, 252. 
Pearley, William, 16. 
Penn, 36. 

Pennsylvania, 176, 206, 243, 360, 380. 
People, John, 44. 
Percy (Locofoco), 153. 
Perle, James, 44. 
Peterkin, James, 44, 45, 59. 
Petersburg, 263. 
Peyton's Battery, 263. 
Phelps, Dr., 69, 140. 

Dr. F. P., 381. 

Francis E., 150. 

(Whig), 153- 
Philadelphia, 63, 75, 138, 199, 218, 244, 276, 
304. 360. 

Conference, 134. 
Philippine Islands, 318. 



INDEX 



469 



Phillips, John, 56, 262. 

Point, 61. 

Thomas, 44. 
Phipps, Becca, 248. 

Lieut., 248. 
Pierce, Hon. James Alfred, 313, 391. 
Pierson, John, 44. 
Pindar, Edward, 48, 49, 57, 59. 
Pinkney, 146. 
Pitt, Charles H., 83. 

Elizabeth, 270. 

John, 133. 

J. R. W., 149. 

Milcah, 271. 

Philip, 109, 165. 

Robert, 270. 

Samuel Wilson, 271. 

T., 149. 

William, 133. 
Pittsburg, 243. 
Plovey, William, 44. 
Piug-Uglies, 312. 
Plummer, Henry, 44. 

John, 44. 
Plymouth Greens, 202. 
Pocomoke Swamp, 176. 

River, 299. 
Polk, James K., 392. 
Pollard, John, 33, 34, 42, 49, 55, 59. 
Pope, 52. 

John, 44. 
Popery, 116. 
Poplar Island, 250. 
Population of Dorchester Co., 268. 

by Districts, 268. 
Porpeigham, 320, 329, 330. 
Post, Fanny, 380. 
Postoffice and Postmasters, 445. 
Potomac River, 96, 175, 259. 
Potter, Thomas Wood, 216. 
Powell, Charles, 165. 

Thomas, 32. 
Powers, William, 250. 
Preston, Richard, 26, 27, 33, 37, 38. 
Price, B. D., 180. 
Price, John, 25, 208. 
Princess Anne, 295. 

Academy, 180. 
Princeton College, 301, 303. 
Pritchett's Cross Roads, 338. 
Privates, Flying Co., 206, 207, 208. 

Sixth Independent Co., 201, 202, 214. 
Privateers, 215. 

Protestant Episcopal Church, loi, 102, 108, 
254, 298, 306, 326. 

Revolution, 144. 
Proprietary, 17, 22, 23, 25, 26, 31, 32, 41. 
Providence, 25, 31. 
Province of Maryland, 162, 324. 
Provincial Court, 22, 176, 322. 
Pruett, Andrew, 44. 
Public School Commissioners, 443. 
Puckum, 91. 
Puritans, 27. 

d. 

Quakers, 89, 241. 
Queen Anne, 113, 116. 

Anne's County, no. 

Henrietta Maria, 16. 
Queen's College, 97. 
Qninton, Philip, 147. 
Quit Rents, 163. 



R. 

Railroad, Baltimore and Eastern Shore, 86. 
Chesapeake and Atlantic, 86. 
Cambridge and Scaford, 86, 90. 
Weldon, 263. 
Randolph, 146. 
Rapidan, 262. 
Rapahanock, 106. 
Reeves, Joseph, 44. 
Reese, James E., 76. 
Reed, John, 142. 
VVilliam, 142. 
Reed's Grove, 142. 
Rehoboth, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100. 
Rent Rolls, 163. 
Revolutionary Period, 197. 
War, 303, 306, 343, 356. 
Revolution, 240. 

Representatives, House of, 314. 
Republican State Central Committee, 297. 
Rhine, 117. 
Rhineljeck, 132. 
Richardson, Albert L., 383. 
Family, 381. 
Sir Thomas, 385. 
George, 385. 
John, 44, 45, 59. 
Mrs. James, 114. 
E., 142. 

Mrs. Albert L., 283. 
Ezekiel, 147. 
Robert, 239. 

Levin, 151, 153, 156, 285. 
Mrs. Hester Dorsey, 185, 334. 
Sarah A., 285. 

Joseph, 197, 200, 203, 212, 219. 
Major Thomas, 382. 
Col. Wm., 219, 383, 384. 
Wm., 382, 383. 
Colonel, 203. 
Richmond, 261, 360. 
Richard's Manor, 335. 
Rider, Capt. John, 50, 254, 255, 300. 
" Riggin, John, 216. 
Riggs House, 271. 
Riley, James Whitcomb, 372. 
Robin Hood, 174. 

Club, 302. 
Robson, Capt. Joseph, 211. 
Robinson, Britain, 84. 
Wm. M., 250.. 
John, G., 256. 
Isaac, 83. 
Lieut. Luke, 203. 
Captain, 203. 
Robertson, Dr., 325. 
Wm. M., 142. 
Elizabeth Ellen, 385. 
Robert, 44. 
Roberts Bros., 75, 90. 

Hugh. 249. 
Robins, James, 171. 
Rollins, Nancy, 370. 
Robson, John, 132. 
William, 43, 44. 
Roosevelt, President, 298, 3:8. 
Ross, John, 43. 
Rome, 52. 

Roman Catholic Church, 16. 
Rough, Daniel, 132. 
Rowens, Capt. John, 93, 151, 153, 252. 
Royal Arcanum, 75. 
Oak, 252. 



470 



INDEX 



Russell, John, i6i. 
Kussell's Creek, i6i. 
Russum, Winlock, 256. 
Rush, Hon. Richard, 304. 
Rumley. Billy, 170, 171. 
John, 213. 



Sacred Superstitions, 195. 
Sage of Ashland, 315. 
Salem, 352. 
Salisbury, Dr. Gove, 276. 

.Tohn, 59. 
San ' Francisco, 297. 
Sanford, 148. 
Sandy Island, 106, 251. 

Point, 251. 
Saunders, Joseph, 250. 

Lieut. Abraham, 252. 
Savage, Edward, 35, 39, 41. 53- 

John, 44- 
Schooner "Albert Thomas," 243. 
"Charming Betty," 243. 
"Past Grand," 243. 
"Regulator," 243. 
"Taylor's Island," 243. 
Scharf's History, 17. 
Scleigh, Lake, 262. 
Scotland, 51, 65, 385. 
Scott, Elizabeth Ennalls, 287. 
Gustavus, 232, 293. 
Rev. Mr., 180. 
Mary, 271. 
Sears, John, 163. 
Secretary, 116. 

Creek. 87, 141, 320, 324- 
of State, 439. 
Sewalls' Creek, 173. 
Senate. 247. 

of Maryland, 103. 
Severn, 31. 
Seward, George, 39. 
Sewell, Garreitson, 84. 
Seymour, Governor, 174. 
Shakespeare, 190. 
Sharp. Governor, 82. 
Sharpe, Peter, 31. 
.Shawan, 176. 
Shawnee Indians, 176. 
Shenton, G. Galon, 115. 
Joseph, 169. 
Raymond, 116, 169. 
William, i6g. 
Shepherd-Pattison Genealogy, 379. 
Shepherd. Caleb Lockwood, 385. 

James S., 40.165, 3:9, 385. 
Sherwood, Daniel, 274. 
Hugh. 274. 
■Mrs. Mary, 274. 
Shipley. David. 331. 
Shoal Creek, 307. 
Showell, Ellen, 297. 
William M., 298. 
Shropshire, 95. 
Shyrock, Ann L., 93. 
Simmons, Charles W., 340. 
Edward, 250. 
James E. 340. 
John, 249. 
"Moses. 249. 
Mrs, Dorothy, 115. 
Thomas W.. 165. 



Simmons, William H., 340. 
Simpson, Col. Southey, 215. 
Sinclair, Henry, 89. 
Skinner, Ann, 270. 
Annie, 380. 

Thomas, 38, 39, 41, 365. 
Skinners, 102. 
Skinner's Choice, 365. 
Slabtown, 92. 
Slacum, ^lary Boyne, 349. 
Slacum, George, 218. 
Job, 213. 
I., no. 
Slacombe Notes, 346, 347, 348. 
Smallhommony, Jemmy, 176. 
Smallwood. Colonel, 211. 
Smith, Dr. Benjamin L., 104. 
Capt. Henry, 95. 
Capt. W. B., 252. 
Anna, 277. 

Dr. A. Hamilton, 277. 
Ensign John, Jr., 219. 
George D., 83. 
George A. Z., 84, 85. 
Isaac P., 276. 
James, 153. 
Kirby, 262. 
John, 99, 106, 170. 
Samuel, 53. 
Squire, 85. 

Rev. Dr. William, 138. 
Richard, 85. 
Thomas, 221. 
Wethers, 83. 
Smithson, Thomas, 53. 

Williafn, 51, 53. 
Smithers. Dr., 83, 256. 
Smoot, John, 99, 147, 148. 
Snooke, John, 44. 
Sobieski, John, 65. 
.Social Life, 185. 

Somerset County, 36, 38, 51, 83, 84, 95, i 
138, 187, 208, 215, 216, 220. 243, 259, . 
276, 281, 295, 299, 321, 32s, 367. 
Sommers, Benj., 216. 
George, 216. 
Thomas, 216. 
Southern Army, 340. 
South Carolina, 78, 84, 136, 156. 1S8. 
Sovereigns, William and Mary, 41, 46. 

116. 
Sparrow, Thomas, 217, 219. 
Spedden, Levin, 234. 

W. H., 166. 
Spicer, Jeremiah, 250. 

Travers, 250, 256. 
Sprigg, Richard. 197, 293. 
Spring Island, 213. 
Sprouce, George, 44. 
Spuriway, William, 44. 
Stack, Lieut. Joseph, 203. 
Stamward, John. 44. 
Stanton, Secretary, 278. 
Staintoon, Lieut. -Colonel, 203. 
Stanford, Algernon Sidney, 85. 
St. Anne's Parish, 337. 
Stanwood, A. S., 149. 
Stamp Act, 197. 

Staplefort. Raymond, 33, 34. 42, 4?, 104. 
386, 

Lillian, 381. 
William T., in. 
State's Attorneys, 298. 440, 441. 
State Conventions, 436. 



INDEX 



471 



State Justices, 165. 
Senators, 435. 
Staunton. 262. 
St. Cloude, IS- 
St. Dunstan Church, 16. 
Steamer "Cecil," 243. 
"Pioneer," 243. 
"Susquehanna," 340. 
"Kent," 83. 
"Cliampion," 83. 
"George Washington," 83. 
"Maryland," 83. 
Steele, Dr. Guy, 308. 
Isaac, 146. 
John N., 149, 150. 
James, 152, 266. 
Mary Nevett, 304. 
Henry, 197, 199. 30i. 
Dr. Thomas B., 308. 
Stephens, John, 59. 
Stevens. Dorothy, 388. 

William, 32, 33. 34. 36, 38, 39, 4U 42, 

45. 89. 95. 137. 388. 
;Magdalen, 137, 388. 
John, 37, 273, 274, 388. 
Family, 388. 
Grace, 389. 
Sarah, 389. 
Joseph, 390. 
Stevenson, Dr. Henry, 277. 

Rev. James, iii. 
Stewart, Alfred, 166. 

James A., 73, loi, 150, 151, i53. 154. i55. 

390- 
Joseph, 103. 
William, 162. 
Captain, 249. 
Alfred R., 393- 
Donald, 393- 
Major William E., 393- 
Steward, John, 45, 148. 
St. Inigoes, 115. 
Stirling, Aaron, 216. 

Henry, 216. 
St. Tames' Parish, 343. 

St. Mary's, 14. 19. 20, 21, 24. 31. 33- 35- 
37, 187, 318. 
County, 104. 276. 
Star o'f the Sea, 115. 
Whitechapel Parish, 266. 
Stillington, Thomas, 31. 
Stone, John Pile, 25. 
Thomas, 31. 
William, 28. 29, 30. 
Stokes, Peter, 366. 
St. Paul's Parish, no. 
Straits, 105. 106, 171, 210, 213, 248. 
Stratford, 98, 99. 
Straughn, David, 67, 139. 
Henry, 76. 
Levin E., 76. 
Strawbridge, Robert, 118. 
.Street, John, 118. 
Sturdy Beggar. 215, 346. 
Sulivane, Capt. William, 154. 
Clement, 165, 393- 
Daniel, 145, 150, 197. 326. 
James, 141, 147. 203, 213, 220, 231. 
Summers, Felix, 169. 
Sumpter, General, 229. 
Superstitions, 191. 
Sussex County, 36, 372. 
Sutton, Philip, 44. 
Sweden, 65. 



Sydney. Sir Philip, 190. 
Symonds, Thomas, 44. 

T. 

Taber. Nellie Carroll, 277. 
Talbott, Sir Robert, 14. 

Talbot County, 39, 89, 123, 160, 162, 252, 
259, 267. 270, 290, 294, 304, 307, 324, 389- 
Talbot, Elizabeth, 383. 
Madam, 318, 319. 
Colonel George, 318. 
Tall, Anthony, Jr., 233. 
Elijah, 250. 

Reuben S., 76, 152, 154. 
, ThQmas, 216. 
Taptico, William, 44. 
Tar Bay, 31, 163. 
Tarccll, Francis, 44, 45. 
Tar Kiln Ridge, 343. 
Taylor, Edward, 44. 
John, 104. 

Major Thomas, 40, 42, 43. 
Thomas, 44, 46, 59. 60, 64, 104, 216. 
Taylor's Island, 104, no, 133, 203, 241, 248. 
^ • 324, 328, 340. 

Neglect, 92. 
Tennessee, 261, 262, 358. 

Campaign, 278. 
Tequashsino, 175. 
The Hague, 395. 
The Pioneer, 371. 
The Foundation of Maryland, 18. 
Thomas, Henry, 175. 
John, 43. 
John, Jr., 234. 
Richard, 55. 
Rev. Joshua, 286. 
Thompson, Araminta, 276. 
J. Watson, 166. 
Rev. James, 403. 
Rev. William, 403. 
Robert F., 256. 
Thomson, Rev. Thomas, 109, 254. 
Thomasin_e, Richard, 44. 
Thorne. Capt. William, 321. 
Thornhill, Robert, 43. 
Thornwell, Robert, 54. 
Tiawco, 171. 

Tilghman, Mathew, 199- 
Tick's Path, 38. 
Tick, William, 38. 
Tobacco Stick, 103, 248, 250. 
Bay, 103. 
Creek, 160. 
Todd's Chapel, 133. 
Toddsville, 142. 
Todd, Ensign John, 203. 
Ensign Job, 212. 
Jacob, 142. 
Tolly, John, 249. 

Lieut. Alexander, 203. 
Thomas, 249. 
Towando, i7r. 
Tories, 215, 344- 
Travers, Elizabeth, 163. 
Captain, 203. 
Colonel, 217. 
Henry, 145- I97. 249. 
Jeremiah, 250. 
Tohn Ashcom, 132, 202. 
L. D.. 151. 

Mathias, 149. "50. 249. 
Robert, 249. 



472 



INDEX 



Travers, William K, 151, 202, 212, 219. 

(Whig), 153. 

Samuel, 249. 
Tredway, Rev. S. B., 78. 
Tregoe, Roger, 233, 250. 
Trinity Church, 108. 
Trippe, Captain, 47. 

Henry, 33, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 
49, 59, 172. 241, 272. 
Tubman, Charles, 115. 

Frank, 115. 

Mrs. 115. 

Richard, 43, 163, 169, 202. 

Robert, 115. 
Tucker, William, 133, 331. 
Tunes, Aaron, 55. 
Turner, Henry, 45. 
Turpin, Major Frank, 100. 

Mrs. Belle F., 100. 
Tuttle, Richard, 148. 
Tvbbs, Levin, 216. 
Tyler, Capt. L. A., 339. 

John E., 76. 

Martha Jefferson, 293. 

Mrs. Susie, 115. 

President, 293. 

U. 

Unalachtgo, 171. 
University of Oxford, 13. 

Yale, 68. 

of Maryland, 278. 
United States, 264, 307. 

Senators, 444. 

Congressmen, 444. 

Senate, 146, 298, 303. 

Navy, 295. 

Army Volunteers, 318. 
Underwood, Elizabeth, 159. 

Judith, 159. 

Peter, 160. 



Van Buren, 151. 

Vanderbilt, Mrs. Frank Armstrong, 356. 

Vaughn, Robert, 25. 
Rowland, 44. 

Veazy, Governor, 312. 

Veich, Thomas, 44. 

Venables, William, 83. 
Widow, 83. 

Vickers, Mrs. E., 115. 
Ezekiel, 133, 203. 

Vicksburg, 114. 

Vienna, 61, 62, 65, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 
85, 86, 107, 133. 136, 143. 159. 178. 284, 
300, 303. 310, 311. 

Vinton, E. P., 14. 

Vinson, Ensign John, 252. 

Vinnacokasimmon, 32. 

Virginia, 15, 16, 23, 24, 2S, 26, 48, 49. 5°, 
65, 89, 95, 96. 91, 98, 99. 131. 134. 170, 181, 
184, 215, 231, 233, 258, 259, 261, 262, 276, 
281, 309, 319. 326, 340, 342, 356, 360, 380. 

W. 

Waddell, Daniel J., 85. 

James, 151, 154, 165. 
Waggaman, Thos. E., 293. 
Wale's, 384. 
Wallace, Col. James, 64. 

James, 64, -^z, 74. i5S, 258, 396. 



Walter, Maj. Levin, 252. 
Walsh, Thomas Yates, 83. 
Warren, L. K., 75. 
Ware, Rev. Thomas, 119. 
Ward, Ezekiel, 216. 

George, 147. 

Thomas, 216. 
Warfield, Mrs. Elizabeth, 140. 
Warwick River, 87, 88. 

Fort Manor, 159, 320, 324, 32S. 
Washington, 67, 114, 247, 271, 306, 308, 317. 

George, 146, 214, 231, 303. 

Chapel, 134. 

College, 337. 
Wateree River, 229. 
Waters, Rev. Cyrus, iii, 148. 
Waterfield, Rev. T., 78. 
Waugh Chaple, 179. 
Webster, Daniel, 69, 70, 369. 

S. L., 75. 

Zachariah, 84. 
Webb, Thomas. 83. 

Captain, 252. 

Thomas Henry, 83. 

James F., 85. 
Weller, Rev. G., no. 
Wesley. John, 90, 117, 118, 132. 

Chapel, 317. 
\\^esleyan Methodism, 135. 
Weston, 300, 302. 
West Nottingham Academy, 301. 

River, 304. 

WiUard E., 166. 

Virginia, 314. 
Western Maryland, 131. 

Shore, 148, 181. 
W^estmoreland County, 97, 98, 289. 
Wharton, Mary, 328. 
Whatcoat, Bishop, 134. 
Wheatley, Captain, 203. 
Wheland, Joseph, Jr., 208. 
Wheeler, John, 234. ^ 
Wheeling Intelligencer, 383. 
White, Mrs. Mary, 140. 

Eliza, 13s. 

Mary Ann, 135, 271. 

Dr. Edward, 54, 61, 133, 134, i35. i39, 
271. 

J. McKenny, 262. 

Thomas, 68, 271. 

Sarah, 135. 
\^'hite Haven, loi, 309, 385. 

Marsh, 103, 324. 

House, 189. 
Whitehouse, Rt. Rev. Bishop, 112. 
Whittingham, Bishop, in. 
Whittington, Maj. William, 51, 331. 
Whiteleys, 398. 
Whiteley, Arthur, 56, 64, 331, 404. 

Joseph, 252. 
Wicomico County, 84. 
^^'icomico, 82, 97. 
William The Conqueror, 280. 
Willis, Mrs. John M., 285. 

Charles, 114. 

Lieut. John, 252. 

J-. 149- 
Williams, John, 142, 148, 150. 

Lieut. Samuel, 252. 

Dr. Thos. H., 262, 326. 
Williamsburg, 91, 92, 93. 
^^'i^!in, Lieut. Levin, 203, 212. 
\\'ilniington, 116. 
Willoughby. William, 43, 45. 

John, 249. 



0CT6-I94S 



INDEX 



473 



Wilmont, Lizzie, 328. 
Wilson, Calvin Dill, 264. 

Daniel, 250. 

George A., 115. 

Jacob, 152, 369. 

Job, 234. 

Ephraim King, 277. 
Will, Raymond Staplefort, 387. 
Windsor, Wm., 253. 
Winicaco, 177. 
Winnoughquargno, 174. 
Winthrop, George, 271. 
Winsmore, Robert, 39, 41, 42. 
Witches, 194. 
Wiwashes, 106, 171. 
Woodland, Chas., 250. 
Woodlandtown, 105. 
Woodside, Mrs. Wm. G., 114. 
Woodward, Mrs., S5- 

John, 47, 59. 
Woolfords, 398. 

Woolford, Col. Roger, 50, 103, 160, 254, 
255, 289, 398. 

Thomas, 145, 200, 211, 214, 229, 274, 389, 
400, 401. 

Capt. Stephen, 203, 329, 403. 

Levin, 324. 

John, 64. 

James, 389, 406. 

Mary, 398. 

Katherine, 380. 

Mrs. Roger, 322. 

George Whitefield, 406. 
Woolen, John Thomas, 91, 92, 93. 

Thomas, 250. 



Worcester County, 209, 216, 
Worgin, William, 39, 41. 
World's End Creek, 105, 339. 
Worthington, Achsa, 294. 
Wright, Charles, 44. 

Thomas I., 89. 

Capt. Nathan, 142. 

Martin, 150. 

M. L., 151. 

Lieut. James, 203. 

Ishmael, 361. 
Wroughton, William, 38. 
Wye, 167. 
Wyranfconmickonono, 174. 



Y. 

Yardley, Col. Francis, 26. 

Yarmouth, S5. 56. 

Yate, John, 44. 

Yeats, Donaldson, 231. 

"Ye Ending of Controversie, 

Yerbury, Sarah, 294. 

York, 13. 

County, 96. 
Yorkshire, 13, 270. 
Yorktown, 239. 
Youell, Thomas, 97. 



Zion Baptist Church, 180. 



ERRATA. 



Page 148, after sixth line from top, insert subhead Patriots as Well as 

Politicians . 
Page 165, second line from bottom, for Irving R. Mace read W. Irving 

Mace. 
Page 182, second line from bottom, for Grass read Brass. 



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